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Aquinas and Augustine on the Self

The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

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Shifra Jane Piquero
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276 views12 pages

Aquinas and Augustine on the Self

The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

Uploaded by

Shifra Jane Piquero
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

LESSON 2- The

PHILOSOPHICAL
perspective of self
according to MEDIEVAL
PHILOSOPHERS

ST. AUGUSTINE AND ST. THOMAS AQUINAS


ST. AUGUSTINE
( 354-430 A.D)
he combined Greek philosophy and truths contained
in the Scriptures.

the self is made up of body and soul.


"a soul in possession of a body" which does not
constitute 2 person but 1 man.

HAPPINES is the end-all and be-all of human living


and this hapiness can be found in GOD alone.

"You have made our hearts for Thee, O god and so


they will find restr only in thee".
ST. AUGUSTINE
( 354-430 A.D)
VIRTUE is " the order of love". to love GOd means
necessary to love one's fellowmen.

"Never to do any harm to another as you would


not want others do unto you" - Aristotle Golder
MEan.

He taught against HEDONISM.


Man craves for something perfect, immutable and
enduring. Possession of the goods ofthis world such
as health, beauty, power, honor, fame, can never
give to a human person what he or she is truly
looking for , as these goods are finite, unstable
and ephemeral.
HE PROCLAIMED THE
SUPREMACY OF REASON IN
A HUMAN PERSON.

THERE 2 TRUTHS

KNOWN FOR REASON


KNOWN FOR DIVINE REVELATION
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS ( 1225-
1274) "GOD "WHO IS THE ONLY TRUTH ITSELF

ST. THOMAS AQUINAS ( 1225-


1274)
LESSON 2- The
PHILOSOPHICAL perspective of
self according to MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY
PHILOSOPHERS

DESCARTES JOHN LOCKE IMMANUEL KANT


MAURICE MERLEAU
PONTY
GILBERT RYLE
SELF is made up of mind and body.
where MIND is a seat of conciousness and

BODY ( includes human senses) it is unreliable and


shoud not be trusted.

" I think, therefore , I am"


HUMAN AT BIRTH IS A TABULA RASA


MEANS " BLANK SLATE" .

THE MIND IS EMPTY AT BIRTH.


WITHOUT RULES FOR PROCESSING
DATA AND THE DATA IS "BLANK".

impressions during infancy have very important and lasting


consequences.

"associations of ideas" that individuals make when young are more


important than those made later because
they are the foundation of the self.

" God created man and we are, in effect , GOD's property".


HUMAN person has an inner and


an outer SELF which, together , form
his/her CONCIOUSNESS.

INNER SELF
physiological state and rational intellect

OUTER SELF
senses and physical world
SELF as prone to corruption. LIFE is a constant
struggle between beauty and pleasure, between
the inner self and outer self.
kantian Categorical imperative
" Act only according to that
maxim by which
you can at the same time
will that it should
become a natural law."

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