PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 1

COURSE PACK (CP) FOR SELF-DIRECTRED

LEARNING

PE 2– Rhythmic Activities

This Course Pack (CP) is only a draft version and may not
be used, published, or redistributed without the written
permission of MDOC’s Academic Council. Contents of this
course pack are only intended for the consumption of the
students who are officially enrolled in the course/subject.
The revision and modification of this CP are expected.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 2
 COURSE FRAMEWORK

MODULE 1 MODULE 2 MODULE 3 MODULE 4

LESSON 1. LESSON 1. LESSON 1. LESSON 1.

Modern and Competitive Dancing Cheer Dance
Dance Education
Contemporary Dance

LESSON 2. LESSON 2. LESSON 2.

LESSON 2. Modern and Competitive Dancing Cheer Dance
Contemporary Dance
Legal Basic of (continuation) (Continuation) (continuation)
Physical Education

LESSON 3.
LESSON 3.
Cheer Dance
Ballroom Dance
LESSON 3.
LESSON 3. (Continuation)
Traditional Dance
Hip Hop/Street Dance

LESSON 4.
LESSON 4. Ballroom Dance LESSON 4.
LESSON 4.
Traditional Dance (continuation) Cheer Dance
(continuation)
(Continuation)
Hip Hop/Street Dance
(continuation)

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE
COURSE FRAMEWORK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MESSAGE FOR THE LEARNERS
COURSE SPECIFICATION
COURSE PACK STRUCTURE

LESSON STRUCTURE

MODULE 1:
LESSON 1: Dance Education
LESSON 2: Legal Bases of Physical Education
LESSON 3: Traditional Dance
LESSON 4: Traditional Dance (continuation)
MODULE SUMMARY
MODULE ASSESSMENT

MODULE 2:
LESSON 1: Benefits of Modern Dance
LESSON 2: How to Dance to Modern and Contemporary Music
LESSON 3: Different Ballroom Dancing Position
LESSON 4: Social Etiquette in Dancing
MODULE SUMMARY
MODULE ASSESSMENT

MODULE 3:
LESSON 1: Elements of Competition Dances
LESSON 2: Recreational Dancing
LESSON 3: History of Hip Hop
LESSON 4: 14 Steps of an Old-School hip-hop Dances
MODULE SUMMARY
MODULE ASSESSMENT

MODULE 4:
LESSON 1: History of Cheer Dance
LESSON 2: Basic Step-by-Step for Cheerleading Routines
LESSON 3: How to be a Cheer Leader
MODULE SUMMARY
MODULE ASSESSMENT

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 4
MESSAGE TO THE LEARNERS
Dear Student,

This course pack is written for you. It is meant to facilitate your learning. From
experience, we understand that studying is definitely no easy task! However, it can be
made lighter, more exciting, and more enjoyable when you are willing to take an active
part. This course pack is your faithful study buddy and is ready to help you in your tasks
and learning.

Anyhow, this course pack is divided into four (4) modules and each module has
3-4 lessons. Each lesson has the following salient features and format:

Introduction – This part gives an overview or a brief background of what the

lesson is all about.

Learning Outcomes – This part contains the learning objectives and goals of
the lesson.

Activity – This part engages you, the learner, in an activity or learning exercise,
after which you are made to analyze with the help of guide questions.

Analysis – This part is a thinking exercise for you to look back to the activity,
think and analyze what happened, what you saw, heard, did, and felt and to
integrate bits of information and concepts to enable you to draw generalizations.

Abstraction – This part helps you to arrive and clarify certain generalizations
or abstractions about the entire lesson.

Application – This part is the transfer of learning, here, you are expected to
apply what you learned in a new but relevant context or situation.

Closure – This part indicates that you, the learner, have already finished the
lesson successfully.

Always remind yourself of this one principle: LEARNING IS AN ACTIVE

PROCESS. Only you can learn for yourself! No one can do the learning for you!
Always believe in yourself. You have the ability to do any kind of work whether it is
easy or tough. Be confident and determined and work hard to get your dream.

Education is not a safety net. It is the rocket which will propel you towards
success. All you have to do is have an aim and work on everything that takes to get a
lift-off. Ready? Buckle down for learning. May you enjoy and make the most of every
learning moment. Good luck and Godspeed. You are the person who can change the
world.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 5
 PE 2- Rhythmic Activities

Course Description:
This course covers highlights the application of the rhythmic bodily movements
which have emphasis on fundamental rhythm, basic dance steps and appreciation of the
country’s rich cultural heritage which strengthens the awareness on dance education as
a global perspective in the 21st century. Students will be given varies rhythmic activities
and experiences to develop their skills and creativity in dancing.

Units/ Credit Equivalent: 3 units

Prep-requisite: PE 1

Course Outcomes:
 Introduce Acquire basic knowledge and concepts of space awareness, effort and
relationship, musical rhythm, movement skills in inherent in all physical
education activities.
 Gain aesthetic, cultural, and emotional sensitivity through participation in
rhythmic and dance activities.
 Perform dance mixers, round dance, square dancing, Philippine and Foreign
folk dances and other rhythmic activities with grace and enjoyment.
 Create rhythmic patterns that applies the concepts of movement skills and
musical rhythm that expresses feelings, emotions, ideas, and moods.

Learning Outcomes:

 Comprehend the developments occurring in the information echnology era from

its initiation to present time and the future trends.
 Describe and analyze the characteristics of the processing unit, input and output
devices, and primary and secondary storage.
 Differentiate between application and systems software and subtypes.
 Demonstrate basic knowledge about data communications, the Internet and web
resources.
COURSE PACK STRUCTURE

MODULE 1:

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:

1. Explain the concept of rhythm and movement education.
2. Identify the different elements of rhythm, movement space and movement qualities.
3. Differentiate the phases of the dance program.
4. Perform the basic combinations of basic natural movements properly.
5. Create simple combinations of locomotor and non-locomotor movements.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 6
LESSONS IN THE MODULE:
LESSON 1: Dance Education
LESSON 2: Legal Bases of Physical Education
LESSON 3: Traditional Dance
LESSON 4: Traditional Dance (continuation)

MODULE 2:

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:

1. Discuss the benefits of modern dance.

2. Explain the steps in modern and contemporary music.
3. Execute the different ballroom dancing position.
4. Enumerate the different social etiquette in Dancing.

LESSONS IN THE MODULE:

LESSON 1: Benefits of Modern Dance

LESSON 2: How to Dance to Modern and Contemporary Music
LESSON 3: Different Ballroom Dancing Position
LESSON 4: Social Etiquette in Dancing

MODULE 3:

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:

1. Describe the elements of competitive dance.
2. Identify the benefits of recreational dancing.
3. Trace the history of Hip-Hop using a time series graph.
4. Execute the 14 steps of an old-school hip-hop dances.

LESSONS IN THE MODULE:

LESSON 1: Elements of Competitive Dance

LESSON 2: Recreational Dancing
LESSON 3: History of Hip Hop
LESSON 4: 14 Steps of an Old-School hip-hop Dances

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 7
MODULE 4:

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:

1. Discuss the history of Cheer Dance.
2. Perform the basic step-by-step for cheerleading routines.
3. Describe the qualities of a good cheer leader.

LESSON IN THE MODULE:

LESSON 1: History of Cheer Dance
LESSON 2: Basic Step-by-Step for Cheerleading Routines
LESSON 3: How to be a Cheer Leader

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 8
 Rhythmic
Activities

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 9
 1 RHYTHMIC EDUCATION

OVERVIEW
This module will serve as a learning study buddy for you and will help you to
differentiate body movements, training in different dance movement patterns, and
fitness exercises with principles of healthy eating. You will be introduced to basic
concepts of rhythm in relation to dance. Let’s get started!

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:

1. Explain the concept of rhythm and movement education.
2. Identify the different elements of rhythm, movement space and movement qualities.
3. Differentiate the phases of the dance program.
4. Perform the basic combinations of basic natural movements properly.
5. Create simple combinations of locomotor and non-locomotor movements.

LESSONS IN THE MODULE:

LESSON 1: Dance Education
LESSON 2: Legal Bases of Physical Education
LESSON 3: Traditional Dance
LESSON 4: Traditional Dance (continuation)

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 10
 MODULE 1 Dance Education
LESSON 1

INTRODUCTION
Welcome to Lesson 1 of Module 1! This module covers topics which covers the
significance of rhythmic components, through movement enhancement activities. Also,
this book will help you learn basic knowledge of body movements, skills and related
activity. The given tasks and activities will help you to further deepen your learning.
So, enjoy learning!

TIME FRAME: 2 hour

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
 Explain the concept of rhythm and movement education.
 Identify the different elements of rhythm, movement space and movement qualities.
 Differentiate the phases of the dance program.

Activity (Let’s Initiate!)

ACTIVITY 1: WARM-UP EXERCISE

1. Jogging in place-16 counts left and right foot.

2. Head Rotation-16 counts.
3. Neck Rotation-8 counts to the left and 8 counts to the right complete slow rotation.
4. Shoulder Rotation-16 counts.
5. Arm Circling- 16 counts

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 11
 Analysis (Let’s Inquire!)

Guide Questions:

1. Why is exercise good for your health?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. How do you define a work out?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3. Describe a physically fir person.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 12
 Abstraction (Learning Intent)

The history of Philippine folk dancing incorporates influences from immigrants

and conquerors while at the same time maintaining distinctly Filipino roots. Philippine
folk dancing is a true reflection of daily life in past centuries while enchanting modern
audiences at the same time.

There is no recorded “start” to Philippine folk dance-as long as there have been
people on the islands they have been dancing. In fact, their mythology is filled with
many different gods and goddesses that needed to be placated, implored, or thanked for
various natural events like rain and harvests. Many of these festivals still feature ancient
folk dances performed in costume of the tribal period.

Philippine folk dance mirrors the culture and tradition of the Filipinos. It has
been a source of culture identify of the people. In this diversified country, there are also
great diversity of dances in different forms and dynamics that grow out of various times,
situation and experiences.

What is Dancing?
Dance is an expression of an intensified sense of life, arising from an inner
perception that stimulates both mind and body. It is man’s natural and primitive means
of expression. The truest expression of people is an art is in its dances and its music.

Dance is not only an individual or group experience but also considered as a

cultural mirror who wherein the spirit, character and artistry of its time are reflected. A
dance as simple emotional expression when developed into a design with its planned
organization of pattern of movement in rhythm, in space and or ground, with its set of
steps, gestures and dynamics becomes a specific dance and when stylized in a common
design becomes a dance form. These dance forms which takes centuries ro develop,
reflect the customs of the society in which they have evolved.
Dancing is based on natural walking steps forward and backwards. If this can be
achieved with balance, control and small steps, the actual figures will feel and look
natural and rhythmic. So it is best to study and work on the recommended exercises
before working on the figures. Dance is defined as inner impulse of man to rhythm or
music expressing his feeling of joy, moods, sentiments or any human experience.

Dance Education

This refers to an educational process whereby the central process is the learning
and studying the dance as the medium to understand one’s self society and culture. It
contains information that will help increase physical and health literacy competencies
that will enable the learner to se fitness and health goals for themselves.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 13
 Today, most people dance for enjoyment. Social dancing is one of the most
popular dance nowadays. Knowledge of dancing is a useful attribute for a young man
or woman starting a career in the business world. It teaches poise, graceful movements,
confidence, manners, and how to relate comfortably to the opposite sex in a time hen
sexual freedom is placing increase pressure on our young people.

Importance of Dance

Healthy living, exercise, and physical activity are important components in a

conditioning program. Being physically fir does not only help people live healthy lives,
it also helps people live longer. People who engage in any physical activity such as
sports, dance, swimming, and other related exercise activity benefit from improved
cardiovascular and muscle fitness as they grow older.

Dance Exercises

Exercising regularly is the most important thing you can do to achieve good
health. It helps control appetite, boost mood, and improve sleep. It reduces the risk of
heart disease, heat strike, and diabetes. At least 120 minutes of moderate aerobic
exercise like walking, jogging, running, and dance aerobic will keep your body in good
condition.
Strength training works out all muscle’s groups like legs, hips, back, abdomen,
chest, shoulders and arms. Strength training may involve lifting weights, arms
resistance band exercises, push-ups, sit-ups, in which your body weight furnishes the
resistance. Moreover, exercise is good for the heart. It burns calories which can help
maintain a healthy weight. It also improves our cardiovascular system resulting in lower
blood pressure, cholesterol level, and good blood sugar regulation.

Dance Forms

1. Classical Dance
Dance is standardized rules and restriction. Some examples are religious related
dances or court and royal entertainment form.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 14
2. Classical Ballet
A dance of supreme standards learned from an academe. This dance originated
from Italy from the word ballo meaning, to dance. It flourished in the royal court of
France.

3. Modern Dance
A deviation from the principles of classical ballet, developed by Isadora
Duncan. She believed in the principles of naturalness and the expression of human body
and soul.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 15
 4. Contemporary Dance
This is a combination of ballet and modern dance whereby it uses varied
medium of other dance forms like folk, ethnic, jazz and tribal dance.

5. Popular Dance
This is highly used in television and other dance centers like discotheque
houses and social gatherings.

6. Folk Dance
The term implies the traditional flavor and characteristics of the people,
their feelings and sentiments. It is referred sometimes as traditional dance.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 16
 7. Ethnic/Tribal Dance
A dance particularly found in groups of people living in a locality with
common beliefs and customs.

8. Ballroom Dance
A popular term for dance performed on ballroom areas or for purposes
of recreation and entertainment.

9. Standard Dance
Another term for ballroom. The tango, waltz, foxtrot and quick step fall
into the standard category.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 17
 Application (Let’s Infer!)

ACTIVITY 1:
Good job! You are now on the final activity of this lesson. You have explored the
different Dance Forms. Now, you are going to answer the following.

1. Discuss briefly the importance of dance forms.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Enumerate the dance forms.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

CLOSURE

Congratulations on the job very well done! You can now share your knowledge to
others. Keep moving forward!

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 18
 MODULE 1 Legal Bases of Physical Education
LESSON 2

INTRODUCTION
Welcome to Lesson 2 of Module 1! In the previous chapter, we have discussed
the basic concepts of dance and its forms. Now, you will be introduced to the laws that
govern the teaching of physical education. The given tasks and activities will help you
to further deepen your learning. So, enjoy learning!

TIME FRAME: 2 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

 Discuss the pertinent provisions of Republic Act (RA) No. 7722 also knows as
the “Higher Education Act of 1994”.

Activity (Let’s Initiate!)

ACTIVITY 1:

The topics discussed above call for checking your understanding. Hence, you
are asked to answer the following questions.

1. What is the importance of sports?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. What are the benefits of doing a regular exercise?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 19
 Analysis (Let’s Inquire!)

Guide Questions:

1. Why is it important to study the law that governs physical education? Support
your answer.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. Why is it important to know the physical education and healthy safety

guidelines? Support you answer.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3. How are you going to promote physical education and encourage sports
programs and league competitions?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 20
 Abstraction (Learning Intent)

Legal Bases of Physical Education

In accordance with the pertinent provisions of Republic Act (RA) No.

77222, otherwise known as the “Higher Education Act of 1994” in pursuance
of an outcome-based quality assurance system as advance under CM 046s 2021
and virtue of commission.
The following policies, standard and guidelines are hereby accepted and
promulgated by the commission for the purpose of nationalizing physical
education in the country with the end in view of keeping pace with the demand
by great competitiveness; and pursuant to Article XIV, Section 19 of the
Philippine Constitution which mandates that the state shall promote physical
education and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur
sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-
discipline, team work, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert
citizenry. All education institution shall undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation of athletic clubs and often sectors.

1. Legal bases, acquisition and importance of physical education as part of

the curriculum.
The importance of physical education as part of the curriculum is in the
1986 Philippine Constitution, Article XIV, Sec 19 which states the “the state
shall promote physical education and encourages sports program, league
competitions and amateur sports, including training for international
competitions, to further self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the
development of a healthy and alert citizenry.

4. The curriculum philosophy of Physical Education Movement

Enhancement For these reasons that same mandated that:
“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.”
5. Constitutional Provision
These Constitutional provisions can be achieved in Physical Education.
According to David (2010), physical education is basis to the best development
of child and youth. It should be a process of experience, progressing from the
simple type, for small youngers to none advance movement.
6. Learning Outcomes
The curriculum develops them to grow physically, intellectually,
socially and emotionally as individual and members if a group.
7. Learning Approaches

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 21
 It should develop interest and attitude that will enable youth to feel that
they have a place in this world, can give great contribution in building the
society. This is a well-planned program of physical education to ensure
effectiveness of instruction.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTHY SAFETY GUIDELINES

This guideline includes procedures that help prevent accidents or injury in

physical Education classes and activities. It should be recognized and incorporated in
all class activities.

1. Teachers need to be aware of the medical background and physical limitation

of every student.
2. Teachers must inform their students of the locations of fire chains, fire exits,
and alternative routes at the beginning of the semester.
3. Consideration must be given to informing parents of activities that take students
off the immediate school proper (e.g. fun run, field trip, camping)
4. Teachers shall not only look at activities that include contact but also the issues
surrounding body contact.
5. Teachers must demonstrate all proper precautions in the interest of student
safety.
6. A fully stocked first-aid kit must be readily accessible in the gymnasium.
7. Teachers must inform their students to use clean and comfortable clothes and
shoes.
8. Exercise in the morning or late afternoon when it is not so hot.
9. Teachers must have the required qualifications and experience to teach sport
education.
10. Teacher must supervise student first aid training.
11. All equipment must be regularly inspected and use of facilities recorded.
Maintenance of equipment and facilities are safe measures to minimize any
potential risk to students.
12. Intense exercises must be avoided unless the individual is young and athletic.
13. There is no best from of exercise. It depends on what the individual wants to
achieve.
14. Medical information of students shall be communicated to the school medical
clinic with the supervision of the teacher.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 22
 Application (Let’s Infer!)

TEST 1- Answer the following questions:

1. Enumerate the policies and guidelines of the physical education course.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Discus the main objectives of the Physical Education Curriculum.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Enumerate the health and safety guidelines in Physical Education.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

CLOSURE

Congratulations on the job very well done! You can now share your knowledge to
others. Keep moving forward!

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 23
 MODULE 1 Traditional Dance
LESSON 3-4

INTRODUCTION
Welcome to Lesson 3-4 of Module 1! In the previous chapter, we have discussed
the legal bases of teaching physical education. In this lesson, you will study different
folk and ethnic dances. The given tasks and activities will help you to further deepen
your learning. So, enjoy learning!

TIME FRAME: 4 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
 Recognize different components of dance activities.
 Perform the basic combinations of basic natural movements properly.
 Create simple combinations of locomotor and non-locomotor movements.

Activity (Let’s Initiate!)

ACTIVITY 1: ACTIVATE YOU PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

Watch the video entitled “Traditional dance of Thailand.” You can access it in
this link [Link]

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 24
 Analysis (Let’s Inquire!)

ESSAY. As a student, how will you empower and nurture traditional folk and
ethnic dances in the Philippines?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 25
 Abstraction (Learning Intent)

Rites and dances are still being performed to this day because they serve the
beliefs and social systems of the ethnic Filipinos. Its life is deemed hard, these rites and
dances give expression and solace to their needs and sometimes give them courage and
determination. These rites and dances revivified by action and movements, and by the
motives and spirits that inspire or require them.
Countries in the world have their own cultures made more colorful, beautiful
and vibrant because of Folk Dances. These dances are a reflection of who they are. In
the west the Americans have their Square Dance. In the east, the Chinese have their
symbolic Dragon Dance, the Japanese have the ancestral dance Bon Odori. The
Philippines, on the other hand, boasts of a variety of Filipino Folk Dances.
The Philippines consists of 7,107 islands, which are divided in three groups of
islands: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Each of these regions contain different
languages, history, religion, and traditions; with each region having different influence
in their arts, crafts, and ancestorical dances. According to Basilio Esteban Villaruz,
ethnic dance is ancient in origin but contemporaneous. The forms and functions are
many, performed by a variety of ethnic groups over the 7,107 islands. Many of these
dances have changed through time, but much of what it us are still alive in all color and
rhythm, in many modes and observances.
Ethnic dances are found among the ethnolinguistic groups scattered all over the
Philippine Islands, who have not been substantially Westernized, either by Spain or the
United States. These dances, which are integral to the community’s way of life, are: the
ritual dances, which connect the material world to the spiritual; the life cycle dances,
which celebrate an individual’s birth, baptism, courtship, wedding, and demise; and the
occupational dances, which transform defense and livelihood activities to celebratory
performances. At the base of ethnic dance those that imitate nature and life while at the
social core are performed rituals that keep an ethnolinguistic group which is spirited
and cohesive. Dancing as such is a form of survival as much as it is spiritual and social
expression.
With islands of mountains, hills and plains, and kilometric seashores that serve
as haven for many straits and seas, the Philippines is veritably an aviary and an
aquarium. Many birds and fowls easily became the inspiration for the various ethnic
dances-for the more familiar tikling (adept rice-preying birds interpreted into Tinikling),
itik (ducks, into Itik-itik), kalapati (doves, into Kalapati and Sinalampati), and
killingkingan (swift, clicking birds, into a dance named after them). There are also the
fierce hawk-inspired dances of many southern groups that are complemented by
courtship dances performed in the Cordilleras.
Aquatic life like fish and crabs, and the exotic squirrels, snakes, monkeys and
fireflies also found their way into the choreography of various ethnic dances. Such
dances enliven the games and feasts of the people from those of the simple Negrito,

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 26
Aeta to that of the richly dressed up Maranaw, Maguindanao, Bagobo, Manobo, T’boli
of Mindanao and Tausug and Badjaw of Sulu. These latter groups perform a panoply
of dances that also show off their musical skill (playing the kulintang gongs, bamboo,
xylophone, gabbang, boat-shaped guitar haglong, carved jaws harp kubing, and various
drums like the goblet-shaped dabakan), and their ornate clothes and ornamentation
(which are sometimes also musical in design like chiming bells). All these show a zest
for life and developed habitation in chants, songs, dances and music-making.
Many old rituals are still observed, often a composite of expressive forms and
religious orientations. The people fear and revere spirits that dwell in nature (diwatas)
including ancestors (anitos). A community gathers around a babaylan (shaman) who
officiates at rituals. They honor these spirits, ask their blessings at planting or harvest
time, at birth or at dying, and with pleading deflect an ill that may befall a child, or any
person.
Significantly, ethnic dance has also been a resource for contemporary ballets.
This has inspired National Artists Leonor Orosa Goquinco and Lucrecia Reyes Urtula,
Alice Reyes, Tony Fabella, Basilio, Agnes Locsin, Denisa Reyes, Kristin Jackson and
many more to stage their folkloric or modern ballets. Either in its pristine or translated
forms, ethnic dance still forms part of the ritual, social and theatrical fabric of Filipinos
today.
Here are the lists of some of the various folk/ethnic dance in our country:
*Carinosa *Tinikling
*Alitaptap *Tiklos
*Pandanggo sa Ilaw *Bakya
*Salakot *Sayaw sa Bangko
*Singkil *Pangalay
*Binasuan *Kuratsa
*La Jota Moncadena *Surtido

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 27
Fundamental Position of Arms
1st Position

Bend both arms at chest level.

Elbow rounded, fingers slightly pointing
downward.

2nd Position

Open both arms side-ward, elbows

rounder fingers slightly pointing
downward.

3ed Position

Place the right arm sideward

Elbow slightly bent.

4th Position

Raise the left arm upward, right arm in

front.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 28
 5th Position

Raise both arms upward elbows rounded.

FUNDAMENTAL OF POSITION OF FEET

The present emphasis on the preservation and revival of our culture makes it
imperative for us to study our folk dances as an essential part of our Filipino should and
identity of the Filipino character.
1st Position

bring heels close to touch; toes apart.

2nd Position

bring feet apart sideward.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 29
 3rd Position

bring the heel of one foot to touch the

instep of the other foot.

4th Position

bring one foot in front of the other foot to

walk strike.

5th Position

bring the heel of one foot to touch the toe

of the other.

Objectives of the Philippine Folk Dances

1. To foster patriotism and nationalism through the study of our dances.
2. To arouse better appreciation of the Philippine music and folk dances.
3. To provide, through dancing, a healthful form of relaxation and recreation.
4. To develop a graceful and rhythmic coordination of body movements that will
improve posture.
5. To preserve the posterity, folk dance and music indigenous to the different
regions of the Philippines.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 30
 6. To demonstrate the growth of Filipino culture through the evolution of the
Philippine dances.
Definition of Folk Dances
1. Folk dances are traditional dances of a country which were evolved naturally
and spontaneously in connection with everyday activities and experiences of
the people who developed them.
2. Folk dance is the heartbeat of the people.
3. Folk dances are traditional social expressions of the ideals, mores, feelings,
and thoughts of a people or group of people through body movement.
4. Dancing is the outburst of people’s fe
Values of Folk Dancing
1. Physiological and neuro-muscular development of the organic system of the
body.
2. Cultural depiction of the Filipino people.
3. Social and recreational.

Factors Affecting Folk Dances

1. Geographical
2. Economic condition
3. Climatic condition
4. Customs and traditions

Classification of Philippine Folk Dances

1. General Classification
A. Geographical extend of origin
1. National Dances- found throughout the island with little or no
modification.

Ex:
Rigodon Jota
Carinosa Balitaw
2. Local dances- found in certain localities.
Ex: Tinikling -Leyte
Maglalatik -Binyang
Esperansa -Nabua
Subli -Batangas
Biniganbigat -Abra

B. Nature
1. Occupational- depicting action of certain occupation, industry or
manual labor.

Ex: Panting Harvesting

Pounding Winnowing

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 Pabirik Managuete

2. Religious or Ceremonial- performed in connection with religious vows

and ceremonies.

Ex: Dugsu Sua-sua

Putung Santa Clarang pinong-pino
3. Comic dances- depicting funny movements for entertainment.

Ex: Kimbo-kimbo Makongo

Kinoton
4. Wedding dances- performed during wedding feast.

Ex: Panasahan

5. Game dance- with play elements (dance mixers)

Ex: Lubi-lubi
Pabo
6. Courtship dances- depicting lovemaking.

Ex: He le-hele bago quiere Maramion

Tadek Daling-daling
7. Festival dance- suitable for special occasion or any social gathering.

Ex: Pandango Habanera

Jota Surtido
8. War dance- showing imaginary combat or duel.

Ex: Sagayan Palo-palo

C. Movements

1. Active- with fast energetic movement.

Ex: Tinikling Sakuting

Maglalatik Polkabal
2. Moderate

Ex: Carinosa Habanera

Tagala Purpuri
3. Slow

Ex: Pasakat Tiliday

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 Amoroso Kundiman
4. Slow and Fast

Ex: Putritos Habanera

Ba-ingles Alcomflor
D. Formation
1. Square or Qadrille

Ex: Rigodon
Los Bailes de Ayer
2. Long Formation

Ex: Lulay
Sakuting
3. Set- consisting of two or more pairs as a unit. Partners facing each or
other or standing side by side.

Ex: Binadyong Kakawati

Haplik

II. Special Classification

A. Dance with songs

Ex: Abaruray Rogelia
Manang biday Lawiswis kawayan
B. Old ballroom dances
Ex: Polka Chotis
Mazurka Balse
C. Dance of combination rhythm
Ex: Sutido Los Bailes de Ayer

Characteristics of Philippine Folk Dances

1. In general, dancers stand apart.

2. There is little to no body contact.
3. Most of the dances are done by pairs or couples.
4. Hand movements play an important part.
5. Most dances are in long formation.
6. Most dances begin and end with “saludo”.
7. Dances from the lowland have more foreign elements than those found in
the highland.
8. Wat dances are found among non-Christian tribes.

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 Cariñosa

(Spanish pronunciation: [kari-nyosa], meaning the loving or affectionate

one) is a Philippine dance of Hispanic origin from the Maria Clara suite of
Philippine folk dances, where the fan or handkerchief plays an instrumental role
as it places the couple in romance scenario.

History of Cariñosa
Dances in the Philippines are a melting pot of indigenous, Asian,
American, latin and European styles. The cariñosa is a popular folk dance that
was introduced to the country by the Spaniards when they arrived in the 16 th
century. The dance is a popular folk dance performed throughout the
Philippines. It belongs to the Maria Clara suite of Philippine folk dances. These
are so named in honor of Maria Clara, who was one of the main characters in
Jose Rizal’s novel Noli Me Tangere, (Don’t Touch Me), about the colonization
of the Philippines by the Spanish. In it, Maria Clara is portrayed as a noble and
loyal woman, who after the publication of the novel in the 19 th century became
the female symbol of virtue for Filipina women. The cariñosa is a much-loved
folk dance in the Philippines and the characteristics shy behavior of the female
dancer to represent the mannerisms of Filipina women.
During the Marcos regime, the dance was named the national dance of
the Philippines. To this day school text books still claims this; however, the
Philippine government maintains it is another dance called “tinikling,” which is
a native dance. Today, the cariñosa is performed at social gatherings and
festivities.

Other Scopes of Dance:

1. Ballroom dance
2. Character dance (tap dance)
3. Classical dance (ballet)
4. Folk dance
5. Modern dance
6. Modern jazz

Kinds or Phases of Dances

1. Folk Dance
The traditional dance of an indigenous society showing the cultural
characteristic of a specific people of a given time and place. Traditional
social expression through movement with rhythmic accompaniment, which
are characteristics of the community life of different nationalities. Folk
dance is vivid, deals with traditions of the past, through which multitude of
national characteristics in music steps, costumes are preserved.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 34
 2. Ethnic dance
Reflects the peculiar characteristics of specific specially their cultural,
racial, religious and traditional similarities. The movement pattern are not
specific; this dance is seldom classified as a folk dance.

3. National dance
Refers to the type of folk dance found most widely done through specific
country. Examples are England’s Virginia Reel, Italy’s Tarantella,
Scotland’s Highland Fling, or Philippines’ TInikling and Carinosa.

4. Natural dance
Refers to the type of dance, which makes use of the basic locomotor and
axial movements.
5. Creative movement
Is the highest form of dance for the purpose of entertainment. It is the
end product of exploration and improvisation of movement as dance or end
product exploration and improvisation of movements as dance or
choreographer express feelings or emotions, ideas and interpretations. It has
definite form, beginning and ending.

6. Gymnastic dance
This form of dance appeals to the more skillful performers. Interest is
maintained because of the vigorous movements and participants experience
tremendous satisfaction.

7. Social dance
This includes the wholesome and artistic form of dancing used by social
groups for recreative purpose. Fundamental steps are given as preparation
for ballroom dancing.
8. Modern dance
A deviation from the traditional ballet by young America dancer Isadora
Duncan who gradually involved whole technique of dance movements
based on ideas that such movement begin at the center of the body and
follow sequentially out to the limbs.
9. Recreational dance
Includes dance mixers, square dance and round or couple. Many of these
dances have simple dance patterns based on combination of walking steps.

10. Singing dance

Shows valuable activities during the early year of the life of a child
because they require simple techniques but require training in developing
the sense of rhythm. They combine movement and singing done together in
rhythm.

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 11. Creative training
Sometimes called Fundamental mutual dances. It is the end product
of the exploration and improvisation of movement as a child learns to move
the part of their body and to use an instrument for explorations. Usually
taught to elementary school children.

12. Philippine folk dance

In general, this is a dance consisting of rhythmic movement, sustained
by a regular tempo, beat or music, conceived as way of nonverbal
communication or kinetic movement to relieve tensions, as a means for
social and individual or group experience but also a cultural mirror in which
spirit, character and artistry of its time is reflected when place on historical
perspective.

Application (Let’s Infer!)

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S DANCE CURATSA. Follow the instructions below and

perform it in class.

A. Follow Warm-up (10-15 minutes)

B. Curatsa Boholana Dance Steps

Curatsa is another lively dance that originated from Bohol. Curatsa is very
popular in the Philippines especially among the Visayans and Ilocanos. In the old days,
no social gathering was complete without this dance. Expert and skillful dancers
sometimes make their own combination of steps and movements on the sport amidst
the cheers and applause of the onlookers.

Costume
Girls wear patadyong, camisa with stiff sleeves or kimono, and a soft kerchief
over one shoulder; boy wears barong tagalog and trousers of any color.

Music
It is divided into five parts: A, B, C,D and E with on, two, three to a measure of
a count.

Formation
Partners stand opposite each other about six feet apart, girl standing at partner’s
right side when facing audience.

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Activity 2: Let’s dance carinosa. Follow the instructions below and perform it in
class.
I. Carinosa
A. Warm-up (10-15 minutes) B. Figures of Carinosa

1st figure
The “Three Steps and Point.” Starting with the right foor, take three steps
sideward right. Point left foot in front. Right hand in reverse “T” position and left hand
on skirt/waist. Kumintang right hand pointing left foot.

2nd figure
“Pointing”. Starting with the right foot, take three steps forward and meet at
the center. Take four touch steps in front, right and left alternately. Take four steps
forward to partner’s place, passing each other by right shoulder. Turn right about to
face each other close right to left.

3rd figure
“Back-to-Back”. The partners meet at the center as in 2nd figure. Turn right
about to be in back-to back position, slightly to right of partner. Girls hold skirt; bot
places hands on waist. Point right foot in front and shake right index finger at partner
over right shoulder by left shoulder; left hand on waist. Step right sideward to be side
by side with partner by left shoulder; place right hand on waist.

4th figure
The “Hide-and-Seek with fan.” The girl holds and opens fan with right hand.
Point right foot in front and cover face with fan. The boy-point right and left foot
alternately in front and look at partner from underneath the fan, hands on waist.
5th figure
“Kneeling and Fanning.” Take three steps forward to the center. Girl kneels
while boy passes around on right of girl to stand behind her and face the same direction
as girl. Boy points right and left foot four times alternately in front, looking at girl over
her right and left shoulder alternately. Girl looks at partner over her right and left
shoulder alternately.

6th figure

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 “Hide-and-Seek with Hankerchief”. Partners meet at the center as in 2nd
figure. Boy takes handkerchief at corners in a perpendicular position between their
faces with boy’s hand on top at face level.
7th figure
“Flirting with Handkerchief.” Partners turn right shoulders toward each other.
Starting with the right foot, take eight waltz steps forward, moving around clockwise.
Girl holds handkerchief at one corner and place it over her right and left shoulder
alternately at every measure, looking back at the boy at the same time. Boy, in the
meantime, follows behind girl stretching out right and left hand alternately, as though
they were trying to catch the free end of the handkerchief.
8th figure
“Flirting.” Start by walking two waltz steps to meet at the center. With girl
leading in front, partners take six waltz steps forward moving around clockwise.

CLOSURE

Congratulations on the job very well done! You can now share your knowledge to
others. Keep moving forward!

MODULE SUMMARY

 Dance is an expression of an intensified sense of life, arising from an inner

perception that stimulates both mind and body. It is man’s natural and
primitive means of expression. The truest expression of people is an art is in
its dances and its music.
 Dance Education refers to an educational process whereby the central process
is the learning and studying the dance as the medium to understand one’s self
society and culture. It contains information that will help increase physical and
health literacy competencies that will enable the learner to se fitness and
health goals for themselves.
 Exercising regularly is the most important thing you can do to achieve good
health. It helps control appetite, boost mood, and improve sleep. It reduces the
risk of heart disease, heat strike, and diabetes. At least 120 minutes of
moderate aerobic exercise like walking, jogging, running, and dance aerobic
will keep your body in good condition.
 The importance of physical education as part of the curriculum is in the 1986
Philippine Constitution, Article XIV, Sec 19 which states the “the state shall
promote physical education and encourages sports program, league

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 38
 competitions and amateur sports, including training for international
competitions, to further self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the
development of a healthy and alert citizenry.
 Rites and dances are still being performed to this day because they serve the
beliefs and social systems of the ethnic Filipinos. Its life is deemed hard, these
rites and dances give expression and solace to their needs and sometimes give
them courage and determination. These rites and dances revivified by action
and movements, and by the motives and spirits that inspire or require them.
 Countries in the world have their own cultures made more colorful, beautiful
and vibrant because of Folk Dances. These dances are a reflection of who they
are. In the west the Americans have their Square Dance. In the east, the
Chinese have their symbolic Dragon Dance, the Japanese have the ancestral
dance Bon Odori. The Philippines, on the other hand, boasts of a variety of
Filipino Folk Dances.

MODULEASSESSMENT

TEST 1- WRITTEN TEST

INSTRUCTION A: Classify the following skills according to PE objectives. Write C
for cognitive, P for psychomotor, A for affective on blanks before the numbers.
____1. Self esteem ____11. Comprehension
____2. Endurance ____12. Sportmanship
____3. Strength ____13. Leadership
____4. Ethnic Dance ____14. Strategy
____5. Evaluative Technique ____15. Speed
____6. Balance
____7. Citizenship
____8. Coordination
____9. Good judgement
____10. Respect

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 39
INSTRUCTION B: Enumerate the Kinds or Phases of Dances
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________
5. ________________________
6. ________________________
7. ________________________
8. ________________________
9. ________________________
10. ________________________

INSTRUCTION C: Explain the four factors affecting Folk Dances.

REFERENCES

Alejandro, R. G. (1978). Philippine dance: mainstream and crosscurrents. Vera-

Reyes.

Aquino, F. R. (1979). Philippine folk dances. Manila Philippines

3G Elearning FZ LLC. (2017). Physical education and health.

Stephenson, R. M., & Iaccarino, J. (2001). The complete book of ballroom dancing.
Broadway Books.

PE 2- Rhythmic Activities 40