BASELIOS POULOSE II CATHOLICOS COLLEGE

BASELIOS MOUNT, PIRAVOM

Re-accredited with ‘A’ Grade by

NAAC (Affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
APPLICATIONS

2022-23
Project
Report on

PET WORLD

(ONLINE PET STORE)

 BASELIOS POULOSE II CATHOLICOS COLLEGE
BASELIOS MOUNT, PIRAVOM

Re-accredited with ‘A’ Grade by

PIRAVOM
2022-23

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Project Report
On
PET WORLD

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for

the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION

Guided by: Dr Dhanya Job Submitted by:

(Dept. of Computer Applications) Visal Balakrishnan
 BASELIOS POULOSE II CATHOLICOS COLLEGE
BASELIOS MOUNT, PIRAVOM

Re-accredited with ‘A’ Grade by

PIRAVOM
2022-23

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Certificate
This is to certify that the project entitled “PET WORLD” submitted in Partial
fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION is a bonafide report of the project done by Visal Balakrishnan
(Reg no: 200021096686) during the year 2022-23.

Internal Guide: Head of the department:

Dr. Dhanya Job Dr. Kurian MJ
Examiner: 1
College Seal Department Seal
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the this project work entitled “PET

WORLD “ is a record of original work done by me under the
guidance of Dr. Dhanya Job, Assistant Professor, Department of
Computer Applications and the work has not formed the basis for the
award of any degree or diploma or similar title to any candidate of
any university subject.

Internal Guide: Signature of Student

Dr. Dhanya Job

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, I thank God Almighty for making endeavor a success.

I express my gratitude to Dr. Tiji
Zacharia, Principal, Baselios Poulose II Catholicos College, for
providing me with adequate facilities, ways and means by which I
was able to complete the project work. I express my sincere thanks
to my internal guide [Link] Job, who guide me properly from
the beginning to the end of my project and examining the draft of
this project, suggestions and modifications .With immense
pleasure I take this opportunity to record out sincere thanks to
Head of the Department Dr. Kurian M J, Associate Professor,
Department of Computer Applications for his motivation
throughout this project.
Last but not the least, I also express my gratitude to all other
members of the faculty and well wishers who assisted me in
various occasions during the project work.

Visal Balakrishnan
ABSTRACT
 ABSTRACT
The Web application entitled “ PET WORLD” is an online platform for selling and
buying pets and other pet related products like pet food and toys. The system is specially
designed for people who wish to purchase quality products..
The system consists of three users: Admin, Customer and seller. The admin has the
privilege control on the system. The admin can edit the information regarding the products and
pets . The admin verifies all product bookings of the system. Customers are general users who
can simply register with basic details and login to search for various pets and products . They
can then place orders for the products.. customer could view their profiles and makes changes.
The seller needs to be verified by the admin before they can sell their products on the website.
After the admin verifies the seller can login to the system and upload their products.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEGMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES

1. INTRODUCTION 15
1.1. BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION 15
1.2. THE PROPOSED SYSTEM 15
1.3. PROJECT SCOPE 16
1.3.1 LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING SYSTEM 16

1.3.2 ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 17

2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 18
2.1. INTRODUCTION 18
2.2. STAKEHOLDERS OF THIS PROJECT 19
2.2.1. ADMINISTRATOR 19
2.2.2. CUSTOMER 19
2.2.3. SELLER 19
2.3. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS 20
2.3.1. ADMIN 20
2.3.2. CUSTOMER 20
2.3.3. SELLER 20
2.4. FEASIBILITY STUDY 21

2.4.1 TECHNICAL FESIBILITY 21

2.4.2 OPERATIONAL FESIBILITY 22

2.4.3 ECONOMIC FESIBILITY 23

2.5. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFECYCLE MODEL 23

2.6. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 25
 2.6.1. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS 25
[Link]. HTML 25
[Link]. CSS 25
[Link]. AJAX 26
[Link]. JQUERY 26
[Link]. BOOTSTRAP 26
[Link]. JAVASCRIPT 26
[Link]. PHP 27
[Link]. XAMPP SERVER 27
[Link]. MYSQL 28
[Link]. WINDOWS 10 30
[Link]. MICROSOFT WORD 30
[Link]. SMART DRAW 31
2.6.2. HARDWARE REQUIRE 32
3. SYSTEM DESIGN 33
3.1. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 33
3.2. MODULE DESIGN 34
3.3. DATABASE DESIGN 34
3.3.1. NORMALIZATION 35
3.3.2. TABLE STRUCTURE 37
3.3.3. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM 42
[Link]. INTRODUCTION TO DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS 42
[Link]. DATAFLOW DIAGRAM 43
3.4. INTERFACE DESIGN 53
3.4.1. USER INTERFACE SCREEN DESIGN 53
3.4.2. OUTPUT DESIGN 55
4. IMPLEMENTATION 58
4.1. CODING STANDARD 58

4.2. SAMPLE CODE 59

5. TESTING 65
5.1. TEST CASES 65
5.1.1. UNIT TESTING 66
 5.1.2. INTEGRATION TESTING 67
5.1.3. BLACK BOX TESTING 68
5.1.4. WHITE BOX TESTING 69
5.1.5. VALIDATION TESTING 69
5.1.6. USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING 71
5.2. TEST CASE DOCUMENTS 71

6. CONCLUSION 73
6.1. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS 73

7. REFERENCES 74
8. APPENDIX 75
8.1 SCREENSHOTS 75
 LIST OF TABLES
Sl. no Table name Page number
1 Sign off table 20
2 tbl_admin 37

3 tbl_booking 38

4 tbl_breed 38

5 tbl_cart 38

6 tbl_company 38

7 tbl_complaint 39

8 tbl_district 39

9 tbl_newseller 39

10 tbl_newuser 39

11 tbl_pets 40

12 tbl_pettype 40

13 tbl_place 40

14 tbl_product 40

15 tbl_producttype 41

16 tbl_review 41
17 tbl_stock 41
18 Data Flow Diagram Symbols 43
19 Test Case 72
 LIST OF FIGURES

Sl. no. Figure name Page

number
1. Context level DFD for PET WORLD 44
2. First level DFD for PET WORLD 45
3. Second level DFD for Admin Login 46
4. Second level DFD for Customer Login 46
5. Second level DFD for Seller Login 46
6. Second level DFD for Customer Registration 47
7. Second level DFD for Seller Registration 47
8. Second level DFD for Adding District 47
9. Second level DFD for Adding place 48
10. Second level DFD for Adding Pet Type 48
11. Second level DFD for Adding Product Type 48
12. Second level DFD for Adding breed 49
13. Second level DFD for Adding Company 49
14. Second level DFD for Adding pets 49
15. Second level DFD for Adding products 50
16. Second level DFD for booking 50
17. Second level DFD for view booking 50
18. Second level DFD for customer complaint 51
19. Second level DFD for seller complaint 51
20. Second level DFD for complaint reply 51
21. Second level DFD for Sales Report 52
22. Customer Registration Form 54
23. Table format output based on date wise booking 56
24. Pie chart Sales report based on month 57
25. Bar chart Sales report based on month 57
26. Unit Testing 66
27. Unit Testing Result 67
28. Integration Testing 68
29. Validation Testing 70
30. Already Exist Validation Testing 70
31. Already Exist Validation Testing Result 71
32. Guest Homepage 75
32 Login Page 75
33 Customer Registration 76
34 Customer Home Page 76
35 Customer Profile Page 77
36 Customer Search Product 77
37 Product Booking Page 78
38 Payment Page 78
39 View Orders 79
40 Post Complaints 79
41 Seller Home 80
42 Seller Profile 80
43 Add Product 81
45 Admin Home Page 81
46 User List 82
47 View Customer Booking 82
48 Sales report on product type 83
49 Sales report on product 83
50 Sales report on pet type 84
51 Sales report on pets 84
52 Sales report on company 85
53 Customer Received Booking Confirmation Email 85
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION

Nowadays people are busy in their daily life and having lots of stress from their work
and most of them would like to have a pet to accompany them to help release their stress .Like
having a dog as a pet is a good example for most people who wants to have a pet. Dogs are
very good compaions for us and they have a deep emotional tie with us. having a pet will help
a person to stay connected to the social life . the owner must take their pets for exercise ,take
pet to the veterinary checkups and to pet groomers. Moreover, nowadays people who live in
the city are lonelier than people who live in the town. Most of them having the working stress,
their communicate problems with other people and all of these will make them feel lonely and
no way to release their stress and loneliness. Having a pet such as dog or cat can help them to
being more cheerful in their life and easy to communicate with other people.

1.2 THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system is developed to ensure the availability of quality pets and products
to customers. The main motive is the better health of our pets by providing the best for them.
This system can ensure safety for the products. The customers can register their details and
after registering they can login using their unique ID and password. After login to the system,
they can search for the pets and product they wants to buy.
The seller needs to register with a valid id and proof. Only after the admin verify the
seller they can login to the website and sell their products. Sellers can add products and stock.
Sellers can see the booking details of their products. Sellers can view and update their profile
The system admin has the provision to login to the system by using a unique username
and password . The administrator of the system is the person who manages and updates the
system. The system administrator has the authoritative power to view the details of all the
customers who have registered into the system. The administrator has the right to view all
the details of product, product booking which customer booked and the payment details.
Admin can view complaints and take action

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1.3 PROJECT SCOPE
1.3.1. Limitations of Existing System

1. Data storage:- In manual system paper files require a huge amount of storage
space and paper storage creates several problems like spoilage the deterioration by
way of aging, humidity etc... Paper based systems are generally very bulky both to
handle to store and office space are expensive.
2. Speed of processing:- The speed of execution of data is slow in the existing
system. Processing is slower where large volumes of data need to be dealt with .
Slower processing means that some information that could be provided if
computerized systems were used will not be provided at all, because there is no time.

3. Speed of retrieval of information:- The speed of retrieval information is very

slow in this system. Since all details are entered on registers, if we want to retrieve
the information about an old user, we want to go through all the past records until we
find the right one.

4. Time and manpower consuming:- A considerable amount of time is required

for recording details into the system. Report generation of various areas is done
manually using great amount of manpower and time. Erroneous records may lead to
misleading information, which is more likely in manual system.
5. Accuracy:- In the existing system the error rate is high and it is difficult to locate
the errors and correct them. Calculations made on papers often leads to cash
mismatch and inaccurate results.

6. Alternations:- It is difficult to make corrections. If a manual document contains

errors or need updating it is often necessary to recreate the whole document from
scratch, rather than just a new version with the relevant details changed.

7. Redundancy:- If a customer gives different works at different time, each time the
customer arrives, the administrator want to store the personnel details repeatedly with
each work.

8. User friendliness:- In the existing system, the degree of user friendliness is

considerably low. This system involves readability of the records and maintenance of
different details. The technique used in the system is more complicated and there is a
lack of technical background towards the system.

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 9. Back up:- Back up of data cannot be done easily since all data are in different
registers and are written on paper.

1.3.2 Advantages Of Proposed System

Data entry screens are designed such that they are very user friendly and minimum typing is
required from the user

• Not much training required.

• System provides various information’s report quickly and accurately in easily
understandable formats.

• The new Web application is more user friendly.

• It aims on paperless work.

• Fast access information.

• Efficient traceability.

• Talking into the speed of computer access, large data in less time and facilities
provided by the access

• Duplication of data will be avoided.

• Menu driven interface provides ease to use.

• Availability of previous data for future reference.

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 2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Software Engineering is the analysis, design, construction, verification and management of

technical or social entities. To engineer software accurately, a software engineering process
must be defined. System analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performedby the
system and their relationship within and module of the system. It is a structured method for
solving the problems related to the development of a new system. The detailed investigation of
the present system is the focal point of system analysis. This phase involves the study of parent
system and identification of system objectives. Information has to be collected from all people
who are affected by or who use the system. During analysis, data are collected on the variable
files, decision point and transactions handled by the present system. The main aim of system is
to provide the efficient and user friendly automation. So the system analysis process should be
performed with extreme precision, so that an accurate picture of existing system, its
disadvantages and the requirements of the new system can be obtained.
System analysis involves gathering the necessary information and using the structured
tool for analysis. This includes the studying existing system and its drawback, designing a new
system and conducting cost benefit analysis. System analysis is a problem solving activity that
requires intensive communication between the system users and system developers. The
system is studied to the minute detail and analyzed. The system is viewed as a whole and the
inputs to the system are identified. The outputs from the organization are traced through
various phases of processing of inputs.
There are a number of different approaches to system analysis. When a computer based
information system is developed, systems analysis (according to the Waterfall model) would
constitute the following steps:

 The development of a feasibility study, involving determining whether a project is

economically, technologically and operationally feasible.

 Conducting fact-finding measures, designed to ascertain the requirements of the

system's end-users. These typically span interviews, questionnaires, or visual
observations of the work of existing system.

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  Gauging how the end users would operate the system (in terms of general
experience using computer hardware or software), what the system would be used
for and so on.

Techniques such as interviews, questionnaires etc. can be used for the detailed study of
these processes. The data collected by these sources must be scrutinized to arrive at
aconclusion.
The conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions. This system is called
the Existing System. The Existing system is then subjected to close observation and the
problem areas are identified. The designer now functions as a problem solver and tries to sort
out the difficulties that the enterprise faces. The solutions are given as a proposal which is the
Proposed System. The proposal is then weighed with the existing system analytically and the
best one is selected. The proposal is then presented to the user for an endorsement by the user.
The proposal is reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This is a loop that
ends as soon as the user is satisfied with the proposal.

2.2 STAKE HOLDERS OF THIS PROJECT

2.2.1 Administrator

Administrator is the person who manages the software. He is the person who focuses on the
data and reports of the software. in the case of other stakeholders, they have only access to read
or search the questions provided in the database. But in the case of administrator he is the top
person, he can view and access all details.

2.2.2 Customer

They are main users of this application. They will be able to view all the available devices,
look into their description and images. Customers are also needed to register by providing their
basic information such as name, email address,phone number, address, etc., to order a device.
They can also view and update their information. They can also post complaints and
feedbacks.

2.2.3 Seller

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 Sellers can sell their products on the site . they need to register using any valid id and proof
and after the admin verifies the seller they can login to the website and sell their products

2.3 SOFTWARE REQUIRMENT SPECIFICATION

2.3.1 Admin
• The admin has supreme power of the system

• Admin should login using his username and password

• Admin should have the permission to add/view/edit/remove the details of pets

• Admin should have the permission to modify the resources page

• Admin need to have permission to block/remove users

• Admin shall be able to see list of users buying pets on the site
• Admin can view complaints and take action

• Admin is responsible for maintaining and updating the whole system

2.3.2 Customer

• Customers should register as a new Customer

• Customers should login using a Customer ID and password

• Customers will be taken to the home page where the details of pets will be provided

• System will provide an option to view/update the Customer profile

• System will allow customers to buy pets & products from the website

• Customers can add complaints

2.3.3 Seller

• seller should register on the site using any ID

• Only after the admin verify the seller they could log in to the site

• After the login they can sell their pets or other products on the site
• Sellers can see booking details of products

• There will be an option to view/update seller profile

Table 2.1 Sign of table
Sl. No. Name & Designation Date Accepted
(Yes/No)
1 Dr. Dhanya Job

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 Assistant Professor, Dept of Computer
Application
BPC College, Piravom
2 Visal Balakrishnan
Devolper

2.4 FEASIBILTY STUDY

Feasibility is defined as the practical extent to which a project can be performed successfully.
To evaluate feasibility, a feasibility study is performed, which determines whether the solution
considered to accomplish the requirements is practical and workable in the software.
Information such as resource availability, cost estimation for software development, benefits of
the software to the organization after it is developed and cost to be incurred on its maintenance
are considered during the feasibility study. The objective of the feasibility study is to establish
the reasons for developing the software that is acceptable to users, adaptable to change and
conformable to established standards. Various other objectives of feasibility study are listed
below.

 To analyse whether the software will meet organizational requirements.

 To determine whether the software can be implemented using the current

technology and within the specified budget and schedule.

 To determine whether the software can be integrated with other existing software.

 When our project guide as well as our client Dr. Dhanya job told us regarding the
mini project and about Word to the Wise for getting the desired product developed,
it comes up with rough idea about what all functions the software must perform and
which all features are expected from the software.

 Referencing to this information, we does a studies and discussions about whether

the desired system and its functionality are feasible to develop and the output of
this phase is a feasibility study report that should contained adequate comments and
recommendations.

 Various types of feasibility that we checked include technical feasibility,

operational feasibility and economic feasibility

2.4.1 Technical Feasibility

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 Technical feasibility assesses the current resources (such as hardware and software) and
technology, which are required to accomplish user requirements in the software within the
allocated time and budget. For this, the software development team ascertains whether the
current resources and technology can be upgraded or added in the software to accomplish
specified user requirements. Technical feasibility also performs the following tasks.

 Analyses the technical skills and capabilities of the software development team
members.

 Determines whether the relevant technology is stable and established.

 Ascertains that the technology chosen for software development has a large number
of users so that they can be consulted when problems arise or improvements are
required.
From our perspective there are two languages PHP, HTML and database MySQL which are
used to develop this web based applications. PHP is used in the front end and MySQL is used
in the back end. The Word to the Wise is web based and thus can be accessed through any
browsers. As we are using these latest technologies which are currently trending and used by a
number of developers across the globe, we can say that our project is technically feasible.

2.4.2 Operational Feasibility

Operational feasibility assesses the extent to which the required software performs a series of
steps to solve business problems and user requirements. This feasibility is dependent on human
resources (software development team) and involves visualizing whether the software will
operate after it is developed and be operative once it is installed. Operational feasibility also
performs the following tasks.

 Determines whether the problems anticipated in user requirements are of high

priority.

 Determines whether the solution suggested by the software development team is

acceptable.

 Analyses whether users will adapt to a new software.

 Determines whether the organization is satisfied by the alternative solutions

proposed by the software development team

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We found that our project will be satisfied for the client since we were discussing every detail
about the software with the client at every step. The most important part of operational
feasibility study is the input from client. So the software is built completely according to the
requirements of the client. We have used the current industry standards for the software. Hence
we can say that this software is operationally feasible.

2.4.2 Economic Feasibility

Economic feasibility determines whether the required software is capable of generating

financial gains for an organization. It involves the cost incurred on the software development
team, estimated cost of hardware and software, cost of performing feasibility study, and so on.
For this, it is essential to consider expenses made on purchases (such as hardware purchase)
and activities required to carry out software development. In addition, it is necessary to
consider the benefits that can be achieved by developing the software. Software is said to be
economically feasible if it focuses on the issues listed below.

 Cost incurred on software development to produce long-term gains for an

organization.

 Cost required to conduct full software investigation (such as requirements

elicitation and requirements analysis).

 Cost of hardware, software, development team, and training.

It is estimated that our project is economically feasible as development cost is very minimal
since the tools and technologies used are available online. It’s a group student project so there
are no personnel costs. Development time is well planned and will not affect other operations
and activities of the individuals. Once the system has been developed, the companies
purchasing the system will be providing with a manual for training purposes. There is no need
to purchase new hardware since the existing computers can still be used to implement the new
system.

2.5 SOFTWARE DEVOLPMENT LIFECYCLE MODEL

One of the basic notions of the software development process is SDLC models which stand for
Software Development Life Cycle models. SDLC – is a continuous process, which starts from

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 the moment, when it’s made a decision to launch the project, and it ends at the moment of its
full remove from the exploitation. Software development lifecycle (SDLC) is a framework that
defines the steps involved in the development of software. It covers the detailed plan for
building, deploying and maintaining the software. SDLC defines the complete cycle of
development i.e. all the tasks involved in gathering a requirement for the maintenance of a
Product.
Some of the common SDLC models are Waterfall Model, V-Shaped Model, Prototype Model,
Spiral Model, Big Bang Model, Agile Model. We used Agile Model for our Project.

Agile Model

Agile Model is a combination of the Iterative and incremental model. This model focuses more
on flexibility while developing a product rather than on the requirement. In the agile
methodology after every development iteration, the client is able to see the result and
understand if he is satisfied with it or he is not. Extreme programming is one of the practical
use of the agile model. The basis of this model consists of short meetings where we can review
our project. In Agile, a product is broken into small incremental builds. It is not developed as a
complete product in one go. At the end of each sprint, the project guide verifies the product
and after his approval, it is finalised. Client feedback is taken for improvement and his
suggestions and enhancement are worked on in the next sprint. Testing is done in each sprint to
minimize the risk of any failures.

Advantages of Agile Model:

 It allows more flexibility to adapt to the changes.

 The new feature can be added easily.

 Customer satisfaction as the feedback and suggestions are taken at every stage.

 Risks are minimized thanks to the flexible change process

Disadvantages:

 Lack of documentation

 If a customer is not clear about how exactly they want the product to be, then the

26
 project would fail

 With all the corrections and changes there is a possibility that the project will
exceed expected time

2.6 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS

2.6.1 Software Specifications

This project is built upon the latest technology software.

Front End : HTML

Development tool : HTML, JavaScript, CSS, Bootstrap,

Ajax, jQuery,PHP

Database : MySQL

Web server : Xampp server

Operating System : Windows 10

HTML

HTML is a computer language devised to allow Website creation. These Websites can then be
viewed by anyone else connected to the Internet. It is relatively easy to learn, with the basics
being accessible to most people in one sitting; and quite powerful in what it allows you to
create. It is constantly undergoing revision and evolution to meet the demands and
requirements of the growing Internet audience under the direction of the W3C, the
organization charged with designing and maintaining the language.
HTML consists of a series of short codes typed into a text-file by the site author - these are the
tags. The text is then saved as a HTML file, and viewed through a browser, like Internet
Explorer. This browser reads the file and translates the text into a visible form, hopefully
rendering the page as the author had intended. Writing your own HTML entails using tags
correctly to create your vision. You can use anything from a rudimentary text editor to a

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powerful graphical editor to create HTML page

CSS
Stands for "Cascading Style Sheet." Cascading style sheets are used to format the layout
of Web pages. They can be used to define text styles, table sizes, and other aspects of Web
pages that previously could only be defined in a page's HTML. CSS helps Web developers
create a uniform look across several pages of a Web site. Instead of defining the style of each
table and each block of text within a page's HTML, commonly used styles need to be defined
only once in a CSS document. Once the style is defined in cascading style sheet, it can be used
by any page that references the CSS file. Plus, CSS makes it easy to change styles across
several pages at once. For example, a Web developer may want to increase the default text size
from 10pt to 12pt for fifty pages of a Web site. If the pages all reference the same style sheet,
the text size only needs to be changed on the style sheet and all the pages will show the larger
text.
While CSS is great for creating text styles, it is helpful for formatting other aspects of Web
page layout as well. For example, CSS can be used to define the cell padding of table cells, the
style, thickness, and color of a table's border, and the padding around images or other objects.
CSS gives Web developers more exact control over how Web pages will look than HTML
does. This is why most Web pages today incorporate cascading style sheets.

AJAX
Ajax is a set of web development techniques using many web technologies on the client side to
create asynchronous web applications. With Ajax, web applications can send and retrieve data
from a server asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display and
behaviour of the existing page. By decoupling the data interchange layer from the presentation
layer, Ajax allows web pages and, by extension, web applications, to change content
dynamically without the need to reload the entire page. In practice, modern implementations
commonly utilize JSON instead of XML.

jQuery
jQuery is a JavaScript library designed to simplify HTML DOM tree traversal and
manipulation, as well as event handling, CSS animation, and Ajax. It is free, open source
software using the permissive MIT License. As of May 2019, jQuery is used by 73% of the 10
million most popular Websites. Web analysis indicates that it is the most widely deployed

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JavaScript library by a large margin, having 3 to 4 times more usage than any other JavaScript
library.

Bootstrap
Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile first front-
end web development. It contains CSS- and (optionally) JavaScript-based design templates for
typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components.

JavaScript
JavaScript is a dynamic computer programming language. It is lightweight and most
commonly used as a part of Web pages, whose implementations allow client-side script to
interact with the user and make dynamic pages. It is an interpreted programming language with
object-oriented capabilities.
JavaScript was first known as LiveScript, but Netscape changed its name to JavaScript,
possibly because of the excitement being generated by Java. JavaScript made its first
appearance in Netscape 2.0 in 1995 with the name LiveScript. The general-purpose core of the
language has been embedded in Netscape, Internet Explorer, and other Web browsers.

PHP
PHP started out as a small open source project that evolved as more and more people found
out how useful it was. Rasmus Lerdorf unleashed the first version of PHP way back in 1994.
PHP is a must for students and working professionals to become a great Software Engineer
specially when they are working in Web Development Domain. The key advantages of
learning PHP are:
PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Pre-processor". PHP is a server side scripting
language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases, session
tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites.
It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle,
Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server .PHP is pleasingly zippy in its execution,
especially when compiled as an Apache module on the Unix side. The MySQL server, once
started, executes even very complex queries with huge result sets in record-setting time. PHP
supports a large number of major protocols such as POP3, IMAP, and LDAP.PHP4 added
support for Java and distributed object architectures (COM and CORBA), making n-tier
development a possibility for the first time .PHP is forgiving: PHP language tries to be as

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forgiving as possible. PHP Syntax is C-Like.

XAMPP Server
XAMPP is an acronym that stands for X-operating system , Apache , MySQL,PHP and Perl. It
is a software stack which means installing XAMPP installs Apache , MySQL , PHP and Perl
on your operating system. Even though you can install them separately ,they are usually
bundled up, and for a good reason too.
XAMPP is used for both Windows and Linux based operating systems.A database system is an
overall collection of different database software components and database containing the part
viz. Database application programs, front-end components, Database management systems.

MySQL
MySQL is the world's most popular open source database software, with over 100 million
copies of its software downloaded or distributed throughout it's history. With its superior
speed, reliability, and ease of use, MySQL has become the preferred choice for Web, Web 2.0,
SaaS, ISV, Telecom companies and forward-thinking corporate IT Managers because it
eliminates the major problems associated with downtime, maintenance and administration for
modern, online applications.
Many of the world's largest and fastest-growing organizations use MySQL to save time and
money powering their high-volume Web sites, critical business systems, and packaged
software including industry leaders such as Yahoo!, Alcatel-Lucent, Google, Nokia, YouTube,
Wikipedia, and [Link].
The flagship MySQL offering is MySQL Enterprise, a comprehensive set of production-tested
software, proactive monitoring tools, and premium support services available in an affordable
annual subscription.
MySQL is a key part of LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP / Perl / Python), the fast-
growing open source enterprise software stack. More and more companies are using LAMP as
an alternative to expensive proprietary software stacks because of its lower cost and freedom
from platform lock- in.
MySQL was originally founded and developed in Sweden by two Swedes and a Finn: David
Axmark, Allan Larsson and Michael "Monty" Widenius, who had worked together since the
1980's. MySQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database management system, is
developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation.
MySQL is a database management system. A database is a structured collection of data. It may

30
be anything from a simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of information
in a corporate network. To add, access, and process data stored in a computer database, you
need a database management system such as MySQL Server. Since computers are very good at
handling large amounts of data, database management systems play a central role in
computing, as standalone utilities, or as parts of other applications.
MySQL databases are relational. A relational database stores data in separate tables rather than
putting all the data in one big storeroom. The database structures are organized into physical
files optimized for speed. The logical model, with objects such as databases, tables, views,
rows, and columns, offers a flexible programming environment. You set up rules governing the
relationships between different data fields, such as one-to one, one-to-many, unique, required
or optional, and ―pointers‖ between different tables. The database enforces these rules, so that
with a well-designed database, your application never sees inconsistent, duplicate, orphan, out-
of-date, or missing data.
The SQL part of ―MySQL‖ stands for ―Structured Query Language‖. SQL is themost
common standardized language used to access databases. Depending on your programming
environment, you might enter SQL directly (for example, to generate reports), embed SQL
statements into code written in another language, or use a language-specific API that hides the
SQL syntax.
SQL is defined by the ANSI/ISO SQL Standard. The SQLstandard has been evolving since
1986 and several versions exist. In this manual, ―SQL-92‖ refers to the standard released in
1992, ―SQL:1999‖ refers to the standard released in 1999, and ―SQL:2003‖ refers to
the current version of the standard.
We use the phrase ―the SQL standard‖ to mean the current version of the SQL Standard at
any time. MySQL software is Open Source. Open Source means that it is possible for anyone
to use and modify the software. Anybody can download the MySQL software from the Internet
and use it without paying anything. If you wish, you may study the source code and change it to
suit your needs.
The MySQL software uses the GPL (GNU General Public
License),[Link] to define what you may and may not do with the
software in different situations. If you feel uncomfortable with the GPL need to embed MySQL
code into a commercial application, you can buy a commercially licensed version from us.
The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use. If that is what you
are looking for, you should give it a try. MySQL Server can run comfortably on a desktop or
laptop, alongside your other applications, web servers, and so on, requiring little or no

31
 attention. If you
dedicate an entire machine to MySQL, you can adjust the settings to take advantage of all the
memory, CPU power, and I/O capacity available. MySQL can also scale up to clusters of
machines, networked together.
MySQL Server was originally developed to handle large databases much faster than existing
solutions and has been successfully used in highly demanding production environments for
several years. Although under constant development, MySQL Server today offers a rich and
useful set of functions. Its connectivity, speed, and security make MySQL Server highly suited
for accessing databases on the Internet. MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded
systems.
A large amount of contributed MySQL software is available. MySQL Server has a practical set
of features developed in close cooperation with our users. It is very likely that your favourite
application or language supports the MySQL Database Server.

Windows 10

Operating System is defined as a program that manages the computer hardware. An operating
system can be viewed as a scheduler, where it has resources for which it has charge. Resources
include CPU, memory, I/O device and disk space. In another view, the operating system is a
new machine. The third view is that operating system is a multiplexer which allows sharing of
resources provides protection from interference and provides a level of cooperation between
users. This project is developed using Windows 10 as the operating system and supports its
latest versions. Windows 10 is a series of personal computer operating systems produced by
Microsoft as part of its Windows NT family of operating systems. It is the successor to
Windows 8.1, and was released to manufacturing on July 15, 2015, and to retail on July 29,
2015. One of Windows 10's most notable features is support for universal apps. Windows 10
also introduced the Microsoft Edge web browser, a virtual desktop system, a window and
desktop management feature called Task View, support for fingerprint and face recognition
login, new security features for enterprise environments, and DirectX12. Windows 10 received
mostly positive reviews upon its original release in July 2015. Critics praised Microsoft's
decision to provide a desktop-oriented interfacing line with previous versions of Windows,
contrasting the tablet- oriented approach of 8, although Windows 10's touch-oriented user
interface mode was criticized for containing regressions upon the touch-oriented interface of

32
 Windows 8. Critics also praised the improvements to Windows 10's bundled software over
Windows 8.1, Xbox Live integration, as well as the functionality and capabilities of the
Cortana personal assistant and the replacement of Internet Explorer with Microsoft Edge.
However, media outlets have been critical of changes to operating system behaviours,
including mandatory update installation, privacy concerns over data collection performed by
the OS for Microsoft and its partners and the adware-like tactics used to promote the
operating system on its release.

Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word (or simply Word) is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first
released on October 25, 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Subsequent
versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS
(1983), Apple Macintosh running the Classic Mac OS (1985), AT&T Unix PC (1985), Atari
ST (1988), OS/2 (1989), Microsoft Windows (1989), SCO Unix (1994), and macOS (formerly
OS X; 2001).
Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a standalone product or as a component of
Microsoft Office, Windows RT or the discontinued Microsoft Works suite. Unlike most MS-
DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse.
Advertisements depicted the Microsoft Mouse, and described Word as a WYSIWYG,
windowed word processor with the ability to undo and display bold, italic, and underlinedtext,
although it could not render fonts. It was not initially popular, since its user interface was
different from the leading word processor at the time, WordStar. However, Microsoft steadily
improved the product, releasing versions 2.0 through 5.0 over the next six years. In 1985,
Microsoft ported Word to the classic Mac OS (known as Macintosh System Software at the
time). This was made easier by Word for DOS having been designed for use with high-
resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general
public. Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true
WYSIWYG features. It fulfilled a need for a word processor that was more capable than
MacWrite. After its release, Word for Mac OS's sales were higher than its MS-DOS
counterpart for at least four years.

SmartDraw

33
 SmartDraw is a diagram tool used to make flowcharts, organization charts, mind maps, project
charts, and other business visuals. SmartDraw has two versions: an online edition and a
downloadable edition for Windows desktop.
SmartDraw integrates with Microsoft Office products including Word, PowerPoint, and Excel
and G Suite applications like Google Docs and Google Sheets. SmartDraw has apps for
Atlassian's Confluence, Jira, and Trello. SmartDraw is compatible with Google Drive,
Dropbox, Box, and OneDrive.
Since 1994, the mission of SmartDraw Software has been to expand the ways in which
peoplecommunicate so that we can clearly understand each other, make informed decisions,
and work together to improve our businesses and the world. We accomplish this by creating
software and services that make it possible for people to capture and present information as
visuals, while being a pleasure to use. In 2019, we took this to the next level by launching
VisualScript, which makes it easy to visualize data in relational formats like trees, flows, and
timelines, automatically, without any human input. VisualScript is a relationship visualization
platform that empowers organizations to visualize data across siloed ecosystems and gain
critical insights in real-time. Today, SmartDraw Software is one of the most sophisticated
digital marketing organizations in the world with over 90,000 unique visitors to our website
each business day and in excess of 3,000,000 installations of our apps each year. SmartDraw is
used by more than half of the Fortune 500 and by over 250,000 public and private enterprises
of all sizes around the world. Privately held, SmartDraw Software is headquartered in San
Diego, California.

Hardware Requirments

The selection of hardware configuring is a very task related to the software development,
particularly inefficient RAM may affect adversely on the speed and corresponding on the
efficiency of the entire system. The processor should be powerful to handle all the operations
The hard disk should have the sufficient to solve the database and the application.

Minimum hardware requirement :

CPU : Pentium IV Processor
Memory : 256 MB Above
Cache : 512 KB Above

34
 Hard disk : 20 GB Above
Monitor : Any
Keyboard : Any
Mouse : Any

35
 3. SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

A system architecture or system’s architecture is the conceptual model that defines the
structure, behaviour, and more views of a system. An architecture description is a formal
description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about
the structures of the system,
System architecture can comprise system components, the externally visible properties of those
components, the relationships (e.g. the behaviour) between them. It can provide a plan from
which products can be procured, and systems developed, that will work together to implement
the overall system. There have been efforts to formalize languages to describe system
architecture; collectively these are called architecture description languages .
The system architecture can best be thought of as a set of representations of an existing (or to
be created) system. It is used to convey the informational content of the elements comprising a
system, the relationships among those elements, and the rules governing those relationships.
The architectural components and set of relationships between these components that
architecture describes may consist of hardware, software, documentation, facilities, manual
procedures, or roles played by organizations or people. System architecture is primarily
concerned with the internal interfaces among the system's components or subsystems, and the
interface between the system and its external environment, especially the user.
The structural design reduces complexity, facilitates change and result in easier
implementation by encouraging parallel development of different parts of the system. The
procedural design transforms structural elements of program architecture into a procedural
description of software components. The architectural design considers architecture as the most
important functional requirement. The system is based on the three-tier architecture.
The first level is the user interface ,which displays controls, receives and validates user input.
The second level is the business layer where the application specific logic takes place. The
third level is the data layer where the application information is stored in files or database. It
contains logic about to retrieve and update data. The important feature about the three-tier
design is that the information only travels from one level to adjacent level.

36
 3.2MODULE DESIGN
1. LOGIN

This module allows the users to login to the website using his/her Email IDcard and
password so that he/she can view the Pets and products. Along with viewing the
products they can buy those.

2. REGISTRATION

This module helps the Seller, customers to register to our website. He/she can use the
registration form for registering his/her account. While registering the faculty needs to
provide some data for example email id, password etc.

3. REPORTS

This module allows the admin of the site to view the details of the site through various
reports. This includes pie chart and some table reports. All these reports provide
information about the sales status of products. So that the administrator can easily
manage the website.

4. PRODUCT MANAGEMENT

This module allows the seller and customer to add pets and products based on the
categories. This includes product gallery images, product stocks.

5. SALES

This modules includes in sales. Product booking and sales are managed in this module.
Customers can view products and book them for [Link] can be added for the
product in this module.

3.3DATABASE DESIGN

A database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many
users quickly and efficiently. The general objective is to make information access easy, quick,
inexpensive and flexible for the users. The general theme behind a database is to integrate all

37
information. Database design is recognized as a standard of management information system
and is available virtually for every computer system. In database design several specific
objectives are considered:

• Ease of learning and use

• Controlled redundancy

• Data independence

• More information at low cost

• Accuracy and integrity

• Recovery from failure

• Privacy and security

• Performance

A database is an integrated collection of data and provides centralized access to the data.
Usually the centralized data managing the software is called RDBMS. The main significant
difference between RDBMS and other DBMS is the separation of data as seen by the program
and data has in direct access to stores device. This is the difference between logical and
physical data.

3.3.1 Normalization

Designing a database is complete task and the normalization theory is a useful aid in the design
process. The process of normalization is concerned with transformation of conceptual schema
into computer representation form. There will be need for most databases to grow by adding
new attributes and new relations. The data will be used in new ways. Tuples will be added and
deleted. Information stored may undergo updating also. New association may also be added. In
such situations the performance of a database is entirely depend upon its design. A bad
database design may lead to certain undesirable things like:

• Repetition of information
• Inability to represent certain information
• Loss of information

To minimize these anomalies, Normalization may be used. If the database is in a normalized

38
form, the data can be growing without, in most cases, forcing the rewriting application
programs. This is important because of the excessive and growing cost of maintaining an
organization’s application programs and its data from the disrupting effects of database
growth. As the quality of application programs increases, the cost of maintaining the without
normalization will rise to prohibitive levels. A normalized database can also encompass many
related activities of an organization thereby minimizing the need for rewriting the applications
of programs. Thus, normalization helps one attain a good database design and there by ensures
continued efficiency of database.
Normalization theory is built around the concept of normal forms. A relation is said to be in
normal form if it satisfies a certain specified set of constraints. For example, a relation is said
to be in first normal form (1NF) if it satisfies the constraint that it contains atomic values only.
Thus every normalized relation is in [Link] normal forms have been defined. Codd
defined the first three normal forms.
All normalized relations are in 1NF, some 1NF relations are also in 2NF and some 2NF
relations are also in 3NF.2NF relations are more desirable than 1Nf and 3NF are more
desirable than 2NF. That is, the database designer should prefer 3NF than 1NF or
[Link] procedure states that a relation that is in some given normal form can be
converted into a set of relations in a more desirable form. We can define this procedure as the
successive reduction of a given collection of relations to some more desirable form. This
procedure is reversible. That is, it is always possible to take the output from the procedure and
convert them back into input. In this process, no information is lost. So it is also called “no loss
decomposition”.

First Normal Form

A relation is in first normal form (1NF) if and all its attributes are based on single domain. The
objective of normalizing a table is to remove its repeating groups and ensure that all entries of
the resulting table have at most single value.

Second Normal Form

A table is said to be second Normal Form (2NF), when it is in 1NF and every attribute in
record is functionally dependent upon the whole key, and not just a part of the key.

Third Normal Form

39
A table is in third Normal Form (3NF), when it is in 2NF and every non-key attribute is
functionally dependent on just the primary key.

3.3.2 Table Structure

Table is a collection of complete details about a particular subject. These data are saved in
rows and Columns. The data of each Row are different units. Hence, rows are called
RECORDS and Columns of each row are called FIELDS.
Data is stored in tables, which is available in the backend the items and data, which are entered
in the input, form id directly stored in this table using linking of database. We can link more
than one table to input forms. We can collect the details from the different tables to display on
the output.

There are mainly 16 tables in the project. They are,

1. tbl_admin
2. tbl_booking
3. tbl_breed
4. tbl_cart
5. tbl_company
6. tbl_complaint
7. tbl_district
8. tbl_newseller
9. tbl_newuser
10. tbl_pets
11. tbl_pettype
12. tbl_place
13. tbl_product
14. tbl_producttype
15. tbl_review
16. tbl_stock

1. Table: tbl_admin
Description: This table is used to store the details of administrator.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 admin_id INT Primary key

40
 2 admin_name VARCHAR 100
3 admin_email VARCHAR 100
4 admin_password VARCHAR 100

2. Table: tbl_booking
Description: This table is used to store booking deatils.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 booking_id INT Primary key
2 user_id INT Foreign key
3 booking_status INT
4 booking_date DATE
5 booking_amount VARCHAR 100

3. Table: tbl_breed
Description: This table is used to store different pet breeds.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 breed_id INT Primary key
2 breed _name VARCHAR
3 PetType_id INT Foreign key

4. Table: tbl_cart
Description: This table is used to store the details of customers cart.
Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints
1 cart_id INT Primary key
2 cart_quantity INT
3 product_id INT Foreign Key
4 pet_id INT Foreign Key
5 cart_status INT
6 booking_id INT Foreign Key

5. Table: tbl_company
Description: This table is used to various company of the product.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 company_id INT Primary key
2 company_name VARCHAR 100

41
6. Table: tbl_complaint
Description: This table is used to various categories of the product.
Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints
1 comp_id INT Primary key
2 comp_date DATE
3 user_id INT Foreign key
4 comp_sub VARCHAR 100
5 comp_dis VARCHAR 500
6 comp_status INT
7 comp_reply VARCHAR 500
8 comp_replydate DATE

[Link]: tbl_district
Description: This table is used to store districts.
Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints
1 dist_id INT Primary key
2 dist_name VARCHAR 50

[Link]: tbl_newseller
Description: This table is used to store the details of sellers.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 seller_id INT Primary key
2 seller_name VARCHAR 100
3 seller_contact VARCHAR 100
4 seller_email VARCHAR 100
5 seller_address VARCHAR 100
6 seller_photo VARCHAR 100
7 seller_proof VARCHAR 100
8 seller_password VARCHAR 100
9 seller_doj VARCHAR 100
10 seller_status INT
11 place_id INT Foreign key

[Link]: tbl_newuser
Description: This table is used to store user details.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 user_id INT Primary key

42
 2 user_name VARCHAR 100
3 user_contact VARCHAR 100
4 user_gender VARCHAR 100
5 user_email VARCHAR 100
6 user_password VARCHAR 100
7 place_id INT Foreign key
8 dist_id INT Foreign key
9 user_photo VARCHAR 100
10 user_address VARCHAR 100

[Link]: tbl_pets
Description: This table is used to store details of pets.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 Pet_id INT Primary key
2 Pet_name INT
3 PetType_id INT
4 Breed_id INT Foreign key
5 User_id DATE
6 Pet_image VARCHAR 100
7 Pet_rate VARCHAR 1000
8 Pet_desc INT

[Link]: tbl_pettype

Description: This table is used to store pet types.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 PetType_id INT Primary key
2 PetType_name VARCHAR 100

[Link]: tb_place
Description: This table is used to store places.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 place_id INT Primary key
2 place_name VARCHAR 100
3 dist_id INT Foreign key

[Link]: tbl_product
Description: This table is used to store product details.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 product_id INT Primary key

43
 2 product_name VARCHAR 100
3 product_price VARCHAR 100
4 product_image VARCHAR 100
5 seller_id INT Foreign key
6 producttype_id INT Foreign key
7 company_id INT Foreign key
8 product_desc VARCHAR 100

[Link]: tbl_producttype
Description: This table is used to store product types.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 producttype_id INT Primary key
2 producttype_name VARCHAR 100

[Link]: tbl_review
Description: This table is used to store product types.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 review_id INT Primary key
2 user_rating VARCHAR 100
3 product_id INT Foreign key
4 user_name VARCHAR 100
5 user_review VARCHAR 100
6 review_datetime DATETIME
7 pet_id INT Foreign key

[Link]: tbl_stock
Description: This table is used to store product types.

Slno Field Name Data type Size Constraints

1 stock_id INT Primary key
2 stock_date VARCHAR 100
3 stock_quantity VARCHAR 100
4 product_id INT Foreign key
5 pet_id INT Foreign key

44
3.3.3 Data Flow Diagram

[Link] Introduction To Data Flow Diagram

Data Flow Diagram is a network that describes the flow of data and processes that change, or
transform, data throughout the system. This network is constructed by use a set of symbols that
do not imply a physical implementation. It is a graphical tool for structured analysis of the
system requirements. DFD models a system by using external entities from which data flows to
a process, which transforms the data and creates, output-data-flows which go to other
processes or external entities or files.
There are various symbols used in a DFD. Bubbles represent the processes. Named arrows
indicate the data flow. External entities are represented by rectangles. Entities supplying data
are known as sources and those that consume data are called sinks. Data are stored in a data
store by a process in the system. Each component in a DFD is labelled with a descriptive name.
Process names are further identified with a number.
The Data Flow Diagram shows the logical flow of a system and defines the boundaries of the
system. For a candidate system, it describes the input (source), outputs (destination), database
(files) and procedures (data flow), all in a format that meet the user’s requirements.
The main merit of DFD is that it can provide an overview of system requirements, what data a
system would process, what transformations of data are done, what files are used, and where
the results flow.
This network is constructed by use a set of symbols that do not imply a physical
implementation. It is a graphical tool for structured analysis of the system requirements. DFD
models a system by using external entities from which data flows to a process, which
transforms the data and creates, output-data-flows which go to other processes or external
entities or files. External entities are represented by rectangles. Entities supplying data are
known as sources and those that consume data are called sinks. Data are stored in a data store
by a process in the system. Itis a graphical tool for structured analysis of the system
requirements. DFD models a system by using external entities from which data flows to a
process, which transforms the data and creates, output-data-flows which go to other processes
or external entities or files. Data in files may also flow to processes as inputs

45
Rules for constructing a Data Flow Diagram

1. Arrows should not cross each other

2. Squares, circles and files must bear names.
3. Decomposed data flow squares and circles can have same time
4. Choose meaningful names for data flow
5. Draw all data flows around the outside of the diagram

Basic Data Flow Diagram Symbols

Source or destination of data

Data Flow

Process that transforms data flow

Data store

[Link] Data Flow Diagram

Each component in a DFD is labelled with a descriptive name. Process name are further
identified with number. Context level DFD is draw first. Then the process is decomposed into
several elementary levels and is represented in the order of importance. A DFD describes what
data flow (logical) rather than how they are processed, so it does not depend on hardware,
software, and data structure or file organization .A DFD methodology is quite effective;
especially when the required design.

46
Zeroth Level DFD for PET WORLD

Fig 3.2 Context Level DFD for PET WORLD

47
First Level DFD for PET WORLD

Fig 3.2 Level 1 DFD for PET WORLD

48
Second Level DFD for PET WORLD

Fig 3.4 Second Level DFD for Seller Login

49
Fig 3.5 Second Level DFD for Customer Registration

Fig 3.6 Second Level DFD for Seller Registration

Fig 3.7 Second Level DFD for District Registration

50
Fig 3.8 Second Level DFD for Place Registration

Fig 3.9 Second Level DFD for Pet Type Registration

Fig 3.10 Second Level DFD for Product Type Registration

51
Fig 3.11 Second Level DFD for Breed Registration

Fig 3.12 Second Level DFD for Company Registration

Fig 3.13 Second Level DFD for Pet Registration

52
 Fig 3.14 Second Level DFD for Adding and Removing Products

Fig 3.15 Second Level DFD for Booking pets and Products

Fig 3.15 Second Level DFD for Viewing Bookings

53
Fig 3.16 Second Level DFD for adding Complaints

Fig 3.17 Second Level DFD for adding Complaints

Fig 3.18 Second Level DFD for view/reply Complaints

54
Fig 3.19 Second Level DFD for sale reports

55
3.4INTERFACE DESIGN

These modules can apply to hardware, software or the interface between a user and a machine.
An example of a user interface could include a GUI, a control panel for a nuclear power plant,
or even the cockpit of an aircraft. In systems engineering, all the inputs and outputs of a
system, subsystem, and its components are listed in an interface control document often as part
of the requirements of the engineering project. The development of a user interface is a unique
field.

3.4.1 User Interface Screen Design

The user interface design is very important for any application. The interface design
describes how the software communicates within itself, to system that interpreted with it and
with humans who use it. The input design is the process of converting the user-oriented inputs
into the computer based format. The data is fed into the system using simple inactive forms.
The forms have been supplied with messages so that the user can enter data without facing any
difficulty. They data is validated wherever it requires in the project. This ensures that only the
correct data have been incorporated into system. The goal of designing input data is to make
the automation as easy and free from errors as possible. For providing a good input design for
the application easy data input and selection features are adopted. The input design
requirements such as user friendliness, consistent format and interactive dialogue for giving
the right messages and help for the user at right are also considered for development for this
project.
Input Design is a part of the overall design. The input methods can be broadly classified into
batch and online. Internal controls must be established for monitoring the number of inputs
and for ensuring that the data are valid. The basic steps involved in input design are:

 Review input requirements.

 Decide how the input data flow will be implemented.
 Decide the source document.
 Prototype on line input screens.
 Design the input screens.

The quality of the system input determines the quality of the system output. Input

56
specifications describe the manner in which data enter the system for processing. Input design
features can ensure the reliability of the system and produce results from accurate data. The
input design also determines whether the user can interact efficiently with the system.

These are the two sample input forms

Customer Registration Form

This input form is for the registration of new customer. It contains textboxes for inputting
name, gender, contact, email id ,district, place, address and photo of the customer, a
password box for giving the password. After clicking the submit button the customer
details will be saved. And with this email id and password he/she can login to the
system.

57
This input form is used to add Sellers to our website. It contains textboxes for inputing name,
email id, place, district, contact , address, photo, proof and a password box for giving the
password. After filling all these input boxes, he should click the save button to add the subject
details to this website.

3.4.2 Output Design

A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of end user and presents the information
clearly. In any system result of processing are communicated to the user and to the other
system through outputs. In the output design it is determined how the information is to be
displayed for immediate need.
It is the most important and direct source information is to the user. Efficient and intelligent
output design improves the system’s relationships with the user and helps in decision -
making. The objective of the output design is to convey the information of all the past
activities, current status and to emphasis important events. The output generally refers to the
results and information that is generated from the system. Outputs from computers are
required primarily to communicate the results of processing to the users. Output also provides
a means of storage by copying the results for later reference in consultation. There is a chance
that some of the end users will not actually operate the input data or information through
workstations, but will see the output from the system.

58
Two phases of the output design are:
1. Output Definition
2. Output Specification

Output Definition takes into account the type of output contents, its frequency and its volume,
the appropriate output media is determined for output. Once the media is chosen, the detail
specification of output documents are carried out. The nature of output required from the
proposed system is determined during logical design stage. It takes the outline of the output
from the logical design and produces output as specified during the logical design phase.
In a project, when designing the output, the system analyst must accomplish the following:

 Determine the information to present.

 Decide whether to display, print, speak the information and select the output medium.
 Arrange the information in acceptable format.
 Decide how to distribute the output to the intended receipt.

Thus by following the above specifications, a high quality output can be [Link] our
projects outputs are generated as pie charts and in table format on based on date wise product
booking.

Table format output based on date wise booking

59
Pie chart based on pet type booking

Bar chart based on company

60
 4. IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design is turned into a working
system. The implementation stage is a systems project in its own rig ht. It includes careful
planning, investigation of current system and its constraints on implementation, design of
methods to achieve the changeover, training of the staff in the changeover procedure and
evaluation of changeover method.

4.1 CODING STANDARDS

Writing an efficient software code requires a thorough knowledge of programming. This

knowledge can be implemented by following a coding style which comprises several
guidelines that help in writing the software code efficiently and with minimum errors. These
guidelines, known as coding guidelines, are used to implement individual programming
language constructs, comments, formatting, and so on. These guidelines, if followed, help in
preventing errors, controlling the complexity of the program, and increasing the readability
and understandability of the program.
A set of comprehensive coding guidelines encompasses all aspects of code development. To
ensure that all developers work in a harmonized manner (the source code should reflect a
harmonized style as a single developer had written the entire code in one session), the
developers should be aware of the coding guidelines before starting a software project.
Moreover, coding guidelines should state how to deal with the existing code when the software
incorporates it or when maintenance is performed.
Since there are numerous programming languages for writing software codes, each having
different features and capabilities, coding style guidelines differ from one language to another.
However, there are some basic guidelines which are followed in all programming languages.
These include naming conventions, commenting conventions, and formatting conventions.

1. File header comments are useful in providing information related to a file as a

whole and comprise identification information such as date of creation, Dame of
the creator, and a brief description of the software code.
2. Trailing comments are used to provide explanation of a single line of code.
These comments are used to clarify the complex code. These also specify the
function of the abbreviated variable names that are not clear. In some languages,

61
 trailing comments are used with the help of a double slash (//).
3. Indentation: This refers to one or more spaces left at the beginning of
statements in the program. Indentation is useful in making the code easily
readable. However, the spaces used for indentation should be followed in the
entire program.
4. Implementing coding guidelines: If coding guidelines are used in a proper
manner, errors can be detected at the time of writing the software code. Such
detection in early stages helps in increasing the performance of the software as
well as reducing the additional and unplanned costs of correcting and removing
errors. Moreover, if a well-defined coding guideline is applied, the program
yields a software system that is easy to comprehend and maintain.

4.2 SAMPLE CODE

 Adding district
<?php
include("[Link]");
include("../Assets/Connection/[Link]");
if(isset($_POST["submit"]))
{
$district=$_POST["txtdst"];
$selQry="select * from tbl_district where dist_name='".$district."'";
$rowdist=$conn->query($selQry);

if($data=$rowdist->fetch_assoc())
{
?>
<script>
alert("already exists..");
[Link]="[Link]";
</script>

62
 <?php

}
else
{

$insertqry="INSERT INTO tbl_district(dist_name)VALUES('".

$district."')";
if($conn->query($insertqry))
{
?>
<script>
alert("INSERTED");
[Link]="[Link]";
</script>
<?php
}
else
{
?>
<script>
alert("failed");
[Link]="[Link]";
</script>
<?php
}
}
}

63
if(isset($_GET["did"]))
{
$delQry="delete from tbl_district where dist_id='".$_GET["did"]."'";
if($conn->query($delQry))
{
?>
<script>
alert("Deleted");
[Link]="[Link]";
</script>
<?php
}
else
{
?>
<script>
alert("failed");
[Link]="[Link]";
</script>
<?php
}
}

?>

64
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"[Link]
<html xmlns="[Link]
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Untitled Document</title>
</head>

<body>
<?php
include("[Link]");

?>
<div id="tab" align="center">
<center><form id="form2" name="form2" method="post" action="">
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td >District</td>
<td >
<label for="txtdst"></label>
<input type="text" name="txtdst" id="txtdst" required/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<label for="txtdst"></label>
<div align="center">
<input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit" />

65
 </div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br />
<hr />
<br />
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th scope="col">SI NO</th>
<th scope="col">DISTRICT</th>
<th scope="col">ACTION</th>
</tr>
<?php
$selectqry="select * from tbl_district";
$row=$conn->query($selectqry);
$i=0;
while($data=$row->fetch_assoc())
{
$i++;
?>

<tr>
<td><?php echo $i; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $data["dist_name"]; ?></td>
<td><a href="[Link]?did=<?php echo
$data["dist_id"];?>">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
<?php

66
 }
?>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</center>
</body>
</html><?php
include("[Link]");

?>

67
 5 TESTING
Coding conventions are a set of guidelines for a specific programming language that
recommend programming style, practices and methods for each aspect of a piece program
written in this language. These conventions usually cover file organization, indentation,
comments, declarations, statements, white space, naming conventions, programming practices,
programming principles, programming rules of thumb, architectural best practices, etc. These
are guidelines for software structural quality. Software programmers are highly recommended
to follow these guidelines to help improve the readability of their source code and make
software maintenance easier.

5.1 TEST CASES

The objective of system testing is to ensure that all individual programs are working as
expected, that the programs link together to meet the requirements specified and to ensure that
the computer system and the associated clerical and other procedures work together. The initial
phase of system testing is the responsibility of the analyst who determines what conditions are
to be tested, generates test data, produced a schedule of expected results, runs the tests and
compares the computer produced results with the expected results with the expected results.
The analyst may also be involved in procedures testing. When the analyst is satisfied that the
system is working properly, he hands it over to the users for testing. The importance of system
testing by the user must be stressed. Ultimately it is the user must verify the system and give
the go-ahead.
During testing, the system is used experimentally to ensure that the software does not fail, i.e.,
that it will run according to its specifications and in the way users expect it to. Special test data
is input for processing (test plan) and the results are examined to locate unexpected results. It
is preferably to find these surprises before the organization implements the system and
depends on it. In many organizations, testing is performed by person other than those who
write the original programs. Using persons who do not know how certain parts were designed
or programmed ensures more complete and unbiased testing and more reliable
[Link] running is often regarded as the final phase of system testing. Since he
parallel operation of two systems is very demanding in terms of user resources it should be
embarked on only if the user is satisfied with the results of testing -- it should not be started if
problems are known to exist. Testing is the major quality control measure during software

68
development. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. Thus the goal of testing is to
uncover requirement design and coding errors in the program.

Testing is the process of correcting a program with intends of finding an error. Different types
of testing are,

1. Unit Testing
2. Integrated Testing
3. Black Box Testing
4. White Box Testing
5. Validation Testing
6. User Acceptance Testing

5.1.1 Unit Testing

In computer programming, unit testing is a method by which individual units of source code,
sets of one or more computer program modules together with associated control data, usage
procedures, and operating procedures are tested to determine if they are fit for use. In this
testing we test each module individual and integrated the overall system. Unit testing focuses
verification efforts on the smaller unit of software design in the module. This is also known as
module testing. The modules of the system are tested separately. The testing is carried out
during programming stage itself. In this testing step each module is found to working
satisfactory as regard to the expected output from the module. There are some validation
checks for verifying the data input given by the user which both the formal and validity of the
entered. It is very easy to find error debug the system.

69
 Fig 5.1 Unit Testing

Fig 5.1 Unit Testing Result

I have continued Unit Testing from the starting of the coding phase itself. Whenever I
completed one small sub module, some amount of testing was done based on the requirements
to see if the functionality is aligned to the gathered requirements.

5.1.2 Integration Testing

Integration testing (sometimes called integration and testing, abbreviated I&T) is the phase in
software testing in which individual software modules are combined and tested as a group.
Software components may be integrated in an iterative way or all together ("big bang").
Normally the former is considered a better practices since it allows interface is uses to be
located more quickly and fixed. Data can be lost across an interface; one module can have an
adverse effort on the other sub functions when combined by, may not produce the desired

70
major functions. Integrated testing is the systematic testing for constructing the uncover errors
within the interface. This testing was done with sample data. The developed system has run
successful for this sample data. The need for integrated test is to find the overall system
performance.
Integration testing is a logical extension of unit testing. In its simplest form, two units that
have already been tested are combined into a component and the interface between them is
tested. A component, in this sense, refers to an integrated aggregate of more than one unit.
Integration testing identifies problems that occur when units are combined. By using a test
plan that requires you to test each unit and ensure the viability of each before combining units,
you know that any errors discovered when combining units are likely related to the interface
between units. This method reduces the number of possibilities to a far simpler level of
analysis. Progressively larger groups of tested software components corresponding to elements
of the architectural design are integrated and tested until the software works as a system.

Fig 5.3 Integration Testing

I have performed integration testing whenever I have combined two modules together. When
two modules are combined I have checked whether the functionality works correctly or not
through integration testing.

71
5.1.3 Black Box Testing

Black-box testing is a method of software testing that examines the functionality of

anapplication (e.g. what the software does) without peering into its internal structures or
[Link] method of test can be applied to virtually every level of software testing: unit,
integration,system and acceptance. It typically comprises most if not all higher level testing,
but can also dominate unit testing as well. In black box testing the structure of the program is
not [Link] cases are decided solely on the basis of the requirements or the
specification of the programor module, and the internals of the module or program are not
considered for selection of the test cases.
In the Black Box testing tester only knows the input that can be given to the system and what
output the system should give. In other words, the basis of deciding test cases in functional
testing is requirements or specifications of the system or module. This form of testing is also
called functional or behavioural testing. One advantage of the black box technique is that no
programming knowledge is required. Whatever biases the programmers may have had, the
tester likely has a different set and may emphasize different areas of functionality. On the
otherhand, black-box testing has been said to be "like a walk in a dark labyrinth without a
flashlight."Because they do not examine the source code, there are situations when a tester
writes many test cases to check something that could have been tested by only one test case, or
leaves some parts of the program untested.

5.1.4 White Box Testing

White-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, and transparent box
testing and structural testing) is a method of testing software that tests internal structures or
workings of an application, as opposed to its functionality. In white-box testing an internal
perspective of the system, as well as programming skills, are used to design test cases. The
tester chooses inputs to exercise paths through the code and determine the appropriate
[Link] is analogous to testing nodes in a circuit, e.g. in-circuit testing (ICT).
While white-box testing can be applied at the unit, integration and system levels of the
software testing process, it is usually done at the unit level. It can test paths within a unit, paths
between units during integration, and between subsystems during a system–level test. Though
this method of test design can uncover many errors or problems, it might not detect
unimplemented parts of the specification or missing requirements. White Box testing is

72
concerned with testing the implementation of the program. The intent of this testing is not to
exercise all the different input or output conditions but to exercise the different programming
structures and data structures used in the program.
White-box test design techniques include:
 Control flow testing
 Data flow testing
 Branch testing
 Path testing
 Statement coverage
 Decision coverage

5.1.5 Validation Testing

At the culmination of Black Box testing, software is completely assembled as a package,

interface errors have been uncovered and corrected and final series of software tests,
Validation tests begins. Validation testing can be defined many was but a simple definition is
that validation succeeds when the software functions in a manner that can be reasonably
accepted by the customer. After validation test has been conducted one of the two possible
conditions exists.

1. The function or performance characteristics confirm to specification

and are accepted.
2. A derivation from specification uncovered and a deficiency list is created.

Fig 5.4 Validation Testing

73
 Fig 5.5 Already Exists Validation Testing

Fig 5.6 Already Exists Validation Testing Result

5.1.4 User Acceptance Testing

Acceptance Testing is a level of the software testing process where a system is tested for
acceptability. User Acceptance testing is the software testing process where system tested for
acceptability & validates the end to end business flow. Such type of testing executed by client
in separate environment & confirms whether system meets the requirements as per
requirement specification or not.

UAT is performed after System Testing is done and all or most of the major defects have been
fixed. This testing is to be conducted in the final stage of Software Development Life
Cycle(SDLC) prior to system being delivered to a live environment. UAT users or end users
are concentrating on end to end scenarios & typically involves running a suite of tests on the
completed system.

74
User Acceptance testing also known as Customer Acceptance testing (CAT), if the

system is being built or developed by an external supplier. The CAT or UAT are the final
confirmation from the client before the system is ready for production. The business customers
are the primary owners of these UAT tests. These tests are created by business customers and
articulated in business domain languages. So ideally it is collaboration between business
customers, business analysts, testers and developers. It consists of test suites which involve
multiple test cases & each test case contains input data (if required) as well as the expected
output. The result of test case is either a pass or fail.

5.2 TEST CASE DOCUMENTS

A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a
system under test satisfies requirements or works correctly. The process of developing test
cases can also help find problems in the requirements or design o an application. A sample of
test case document format is given below.

Table 5.1 Test Case

TC
Test Steps Expected Result Actual Result Status Comment
No.
Login screen has
Login screen is
been displayed,
displayed. A filed for
fields for entering
Run application entering email id, a
email id and
1 and navigate to field for entering Pass
password
login screen password and a
together with a
button to submit
log in button is
should be present
available.
A message has
Enter an invalid
A message should be been displayed
email id and
displayed stating that stating that
2 invalid password Pass
email id and email id and
and press the
password are invalid password are
button
invalid

75
 A message has Using
Enter a valid been displayed admin as
User must
email id and stating that the the email id
3 successfully login to Pass
password and login successful and admin
the webpages.
press the button and navigate into as the
home page password
A message has
Enter a valid
A message should be been displayed
email id and
displayed stating that stating that
4 leave password Pass
please enter the please enter the
and press the
email id and email id and
button
password password
A message has
Leave email id and A message should be been displayed
password and displayed stating that stating that
5 Pass
press the button please enter the please enter the
email id and user
password name and
password
A message has
Leave email id A message should be been displayed
and enter a valid displayed stating that stating that
6
password and please enter the please enter the Pass
press the button email id and email id
password and
password

76
 6. CONCLUSION

The project was successfully completed with in the time span allotted. All the modules are
tested separately and put together to form the main system. Finally, the modules are tested
with real data and it worked successfully. Thus the system has fulfilled the entire objective
defined.
This project will help the customer to reduce man power and consume less time purchasing
pets and pet related products. Our goal of developing this project “PET WORLD” has come
to a good result without many defects.

6.1 FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

The system has been designed in such a way that it can be modified with very little effort when
such needs arise in the future. New features can be added with slight modifications of software
which make it easy to expand the scope of this project. Though the system is working on
various assumptions, it can be modified easily to any kind of requirements.
Even though we have tried our best to present the information effectively and efficiently, yet
there can be further enhancement in the application. We have taken care of all the critical
aspects, which were needed to be taken care of. because of fast changes in the world of
programming this system will gradually get outdated and less effective. For the time being it’s
possible to overcome problems by amendments and minor modifications to acknowledge the
need of fundamental design. Though the new system provides base for improving the
efficiency of operations, there are a lot of future enhancements that can be added to this
project. Keeping this in view, a provision has been made in the system to facilities easy
modification updating in the future. Any modification will not affect the normal working of
the system. It can also be converted into a mobile application

77
 7. REFERENCES

 Web Programming using PHP, Dr. Jeeva Jose, Kalyani Publications.

 [Link]
 [Link]
 [Link]
 Pamkaj Jalote-An Integerated approach to Software Engineering
,Second Edition, Narosa Publishing Company

78
 8. APPENDIX

8.1 SCREENSHOTS

Fig 8.1 Guest Homepage

Fig 8.2 Login Page

79
 Fig 8.3 Customer Registration

Fig 8.4 Customer Homepage

80
 Fig 8.5 Customer Profile page

Fig 8.6 Customer Search Page

81
 Fig 8.7 Product Details

Fig 8.8 Payment Page

82
 Fig 8.9 View Order Page

Fig 8.10 Post Complaints

83
Fig 8.11 Seller Homepage

Fig 8.14 seller profile

84
 Fig 8.15 Adding Product

Fig 8.16 Admin Homepage

85
 Fig 8.17 user list

Fig 8.18 New Bookings

86
Fig 8.19 Sales report on product type

Fig 8.20 sales report of products

87
Fig 8.21 sales report of pet type

Fig 8.22 sales report on pets

88
 Fig 8.23 sales report on company

Fig 8.23 Booking Confirmation Mail from Customer

89