St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s.

2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

a
MODULE 3

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

A. Date given:
B. Date of Submission:
C. Semester: /Week Number:
/Lesson Number:

At the end of this learning activity/ module….

• Identify and explain the role and qualifications of the President

• Explain the roles and powers of the Philippine President
• Demonstrate an understanding of the Presidential powers
• Understand the pardoning power of the President and identify the different kinds of
pardon.

• The Executive Department and the President

• Powers of the President
• Pardoning Power and kinds of Pardon

A. Learning Activities
1. Worksheet #1 – WTP-What the Pres!
2. Worksheet #2 – My President have Super Powers.
3. Worksheet #3 – Forgive me for my sins.
1. Do the Preliminary Activities
before reading the lesson B. Rubrics for Scoring (Attached to each worksheet)
discussion of each Learning
Activity. Do a meaningful study
of the lesson discussion.
2. After reading the materials, answer the activity on the answer sheet provided.
3. A rubric for scoring the responses is given. Please find time to read the criteria for scoring
your answers.
4. Accomplish all activities and submit only the worksheet back on the date of submission.

A. Initial Self-check: Check the corresponding image that describes your emotions about
the lesson you are about to take.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Can you describe why do you

feel this way?
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________

B. Engaging Activity. Dear MR. PRESIDENT: In the box provided below, write a letter to the
President addressing the most important issues in the Philippines right now. Write your
letter in a minimum of three sentences and a maximum of five sentences.

DEAR MR. PRESIDENT,

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

The executive department and the

president

Head of State vs Head of Government

Head of state and Head of Government, in a Parliamentary form of government, are two different people
performing two very different duties. The Head of State has more ceremonial duties, while the Head of
Government is responsible for running the government of a country with the approval of his or her cabinet.

Head of State

In a monarchy, federation, republic, commonwealth or any other

form of state, the Head of State serves as an individual who is the
chief public representative. The Head of the State is considered the
leader of the nation. His or her role is ceremonial; for example, In
the U.K and Japan, the head of the state is a Monarch. In
Germany, the President is elected as the Head of the state.

The main role or duty of the Head of the State, involves attending
political functions, exercising political powers, and legitimizing the
state. These functions include greeting foreign dignitaries, and
calling sessions of parliament. The Head of State also has the power
to call for early elections. In some countries the Head of State can
call for a President’s rule in emergency situations. He or she is
responsible for signing off on all laws passed, in parliamentary form
of government. The Head of the State is the Chief of the Armed
Forces.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Head of the Government

In a parliamentary form of government, the Prime Minister or
Premier is the Head of the Government. He is the leader of the
ruling party and is the chief of the executive branch. He presides
over a cabinet. In the Presidential form of government and
absolute monarchies, the Head of the Government and the Head
of the State are the same individual.

The duties and responsibilities of the Head of the State include

implementing laws, supervising bureaucracy, and making all-
important decisions with the approval of the cabinet.

EXECUTIVE POWER – is the power to enforce and administer the laws.

ART. VII, Sec. 1. The executive power shall be vested in the President of the Philippines, as
provided by the constitution.

ART. VII, Sec. 2. Qualifications:

• A natural born Filipino citizen

• A registered voter
• Able to read and write
• At least 40 years old on the day of the election
• A resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years before the election

ART. VII, Sec. 3. There shall be a Vice-President who shall have the same qualifications and term
of office and be elected with the same manner as the President. He may be removed from
office in the same manner as the President.

ART. VII, Sec. 4. The President is elected all over the Philippines by the qualified voters of the
country held on the 2nd Monday of May. The regular election of the President is fixed at intervals
of six years. The President shall serve for a term of six years and shall not be eligible for any re-
election. No person who has succeeded as President and has served for more than 4 years
shall be qualified for election to the same office at any time.

ART. XI, Sec. 2. The grounds for impeachment are culpable violation of the Constitution,
treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other high crimes, or betrayal of public trust.

*The Philippine government is organized bureaucratically. A bureaucracy is a system of

organizing large-scale administrative work by coordinating the work of many individuals and
offices with clear specialization and hierarchical chain of command (Blau, 1956).

Hierarchical chain of command

President → department secretaries → heads or directors of bureaus and other agencies

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Here are the currently existing executive departments:

• Agrarian Reform • Health • National Defense

• Agriculture • Human Settlements and • Public Works and
• Budget and Urban Development Highways
Management • Information and • Science and
• Education Communications Technology
• Energy Technology • Social Welfare and
• Environment and • Interior and Local Development
Natural Resources Government • Tourism
• Finance • Justice • Trade and Industry
• Foreign Affairs • Labor and Employment • Transportation

The President is the highest official of the land. He not only represents the country but leads us in every
situation. Thus, we must give our highest regard and support to him. However, this does not necessarily
mean that we cannot criticize his actions, especially the ones that affect those who are underprivileged
and the minority. Blind allegiance should not be our practice, our allegiance should belong to our fellow
Filipinos who suffer under the greed of corrupt officials and the lust for power of evil men. As children of
God may we always hold the integrity and dignity of our brothers and sisters.

powers of the president

In our culture, the President wields the most influence--

because he was chosen by the majority of Filipinos. The
President is the sole head of a branch of government
decided ultimately by the people through the elections

The reason why the powers of the President are

expressed in the Constitution is because these are so
vast, that there needs to be a check and balance
mechanism.
-UST Department of Political Science Chair, Dennis
Coronacion, 2021.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT

A. POWER TO ENFORCE LAW – as the chief executive, the President implements the law of
the land. He/she can issue executive orders to implement the law.
B. POWER OF CONTROL – over all executive departments (ART. VII, SEC. 17)
C. BUDGETARY POWER – he submits to the Congress the proposed budget of income
expenditures of the government. (ART. VII, SEC. 22)
D. BARROWING POWER – he can make or guarantee foreign and domestic loans on behalf
of the Republic, subject to certain limitations. (ART. VII, SEC. 20)
E. VETO POWER – the power of the President to reject or disapprove any bill passed by the
Congress. (ART. VII, SEC. 27)
F. MILITARY POWER – (ART VII, SEC. 18)
As commander-in-chief the President may:
1. Command all the armed forces to suppress lawless violence, invasion or
insurrection.
2. Suspend the privilege of writ of Habeas Corpus
3. Place the Philippines under MARTIAL LAW in case of:
a. Invasion or rebellion
b. When public safety requires it
G. DIPLOMATIC POWER – he determines the foreign policy of the Republic, as such he may
deal with other states and their governments and international organization. He also
enters treaties and agreements with foreign governments.

BECAUSE OF FOREIGN RELATIONS THE PRESIDENT CAN:

1. Negotiate treaties and international agreements
2. Appoint ambassadors and other public ministers and consuls
3. Receive ambassadors and other ministers duly accredited by the country
4. Deport undesirable aliens
5. Contract or guarantee loans on behalf of the Philippines
6. Officially recognize and have dealings with newly risen States or new
administration in an existing state
H. POWER TO APPOINT – He appoints public officials and military officers. (ART. VII, SEC. 16)
a. Regular appointment – is one made by the president while the Congress is in session.
b. Ad interim appointment – the appointment made by the president while the
Congress is not in session.
I. PARDONING POWER – the president may grant reprieves, pardon, commutations,
amnesty and remit fines and forfeitures, EXCEPT in cases of impeachment. (ART. VII, SEC.
19)

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

The Constitution is specifically crafted to define the powers of the President, and along
with these powers are limitation. In the law nothing is absolute. It is preventing absolute
power to remind us that these officials, even the highest official in the land is still and will
always be under the law. And that they’re primary function is to serve the people- the
people who elected them in that position. This is the essence of democracy, let us
encourage everyone to make these officials accountable for whatever action they
make.

Pardoning power and the kinds of

pardon

Who are the notable recipients of presidential

pardons?

Philippine presidents usually grant executive

clemency, including pardon, to convicts who are of
old age.

Pemberton joins the list of notable people granted

pardon. Even a former president, Joseph Estrada
who was convicted of plunder, was pardoned by
then-president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2007.

In 2016, Duterte pardoned Robin Padilla, who was

convicted of illegal possession of firearms in 1994.
This particular pardon fully restored the actor’s civil
and political rights, as the one granted by then-
president Fidel Ramos in 1998 did not.

A. PARDONING POWER – the President may grant reprieves, pardon, commutations,

amnesty and remit fines and forfeitures, EXCEPT in cases of impeachment. (ART. VII, SEC.
19)

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

➢ PARDON – an act of grace which exempts the individual on whom it is bestowed from
the punishment the law inflicts for a crime he has committed.
➢ COMMUTATION – reduction or mitigation of the penalty to a lighter one.
➢ REPRIEVE – postponement of a sentence to a date certain.
➢ PAROLE – release from imprisonment but without full restoration of liberty, as parolee is still
in the custody of the law.
➢ TO REMIT FINES AND FORFEITURES – means that the money paid or the things confiscated
from a convict are restored to him.
➢ AMNESTY – an act of grace concurred in by the legislature, usually extended to a group
of persons who committed political offenses, which put into oblivion the offense itself.

LIMITATIONS ON THE EXERCISE OF CLEMENCY:

o Cannot be granted in case of impeachment

o For the violation of election law, the favorable recommendation of COMELEC is required
o Can be granted only after finality of conviction. Cannot be granted while on appeal
unless appeal is withdrawn.
o Cannot be granted for legislative contempt.
o Will not absolve the convict of civil liability.
o Will not restore public offices forfeited.

The Philippine penitentiary system is based on a system or concept of redemption.

Convicts are put into prison in hopes that they may change their ways and atone for
their crimes. However great may this sound, due to the overcrowding, lack of
technological systems and inadequate training of our corrections system, the true goal
of the inmates are being overlooked. Not only that but there are no programs offered to
these convicts to acquire skills and other useful knowledge that would help them start a
new life at the end of their sentence. As our Catholic faith grows let us include these
people not only in our prayers but also educate the people around us about their
struggles and the circumstances that led them to this life, although nothing will justify the
crimes they committed that does not mean they do not deserve compassion.
Remember, if God did not forgive sinners, heaven would be empty.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Worksheet #1: WTP!-What the Pres!

Name: ______________________________________________ Section: _________________

Date Accomplished: ________________________________ Score: ___________________
DIRECTION: Below are several situations. Answer in ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ and explain your answer with
legal basis. Answer in a minimum of 2 sentences and a maximum of 4 sentences.

Legal basis Organization of Grammar Total

(2pts) thought (2pts) (1pt) =5 points each

1. Senator Mando Rugas is aiming for the highest position in the land – the Presidency, he is
planning to run in the 2028 elections. He is currently 39 years old and will turn 40 on April 17, the
National elections is held every 2nd Monday of May, however, the filing of candidacy is on
October 1. If you were the COMELEC Commissioner will you allow Sen. Mando to file his
candidacy? Why or why not?

2. President James had unfortunately passed away in the 3rd year of his term, he was then
succeeded by Vice President Nadine. Afterwards, President Nadine wants to run for the
Presidency in the oncoming elections. Can President Nadine run for the Presidency? Why or
why not?

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

3. Would your answer be the same in Number 2 if President Nadine had succeeded the
Presidency for a term of 5 years? Why or why not?

4. Rasta Man wanted to run for Presidency. However, he did not go to college and only
graduated High School. Can he still run for President? Why or why not?

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Worksheet #2:

Name: ______________________________________________ Section: _________________

Date Accomplished: ________________________________ Score: ___________________

DIRECTION: Identify what Presidential power is being utilized in the given situations below. Write
your answer on the blank provided.

___________________________1. President Marcos is currently holding state visits all-over South East
Asia as a newly elected President.

___________________________2. Former President Duterte had garnered a total of 3 Trillion in

Philippine debt due throughout his administration.

___________________________3. The divorce bill was rejected by the President.

___________________________4. The Philippines had renewed its treaty with the USA.

___________________________5. In lieu of the rising cases of rebellion the President had put the
entire city of Jolo, Sulu under Martial Law for 60 days.

___________________________6. The President had granted Robinhood Padilla a pardon for his
previous crime.

___________________________7. VP Sara was appointed as the DepEd secretary.

___________________________8. The President had set the budget for his office at 9 Billion Pesos
for 2022.

___________________________9. The President issued an Executive Order regarding the

enforcement of the smoking ban.

___________________________10. The President tasked the LGU and DSWD in the release of the
monthly ‘ayuda’.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Worksheet #3: Forgive me for my sins

Name: ______________________________________________ Section: _________________

Date Accomplished: ________________________________ Score: ___________________

DIRECTION: Identify what type of pardoning power is applicable or exhibited in the situation
below OR write ‘LIMITATION’ if a pardon cannot be applied. Write your answer on the space
provided.

________________________1. Viserys had been serving his sentence for 35 years, he is already 80
years old. What type of clemency can he apply?

________________________2. Robert has been a good inmate since he entered the correctional
system and had been awarded as a model inmate for three consecutive years. What
clemency is applicable in this case?

________________________3. Former President Tim Ahwa had been impeached and now under
house arrest. What type of clemency can he apply?

________________________4. Congressman Lolong is accused of bribery, his case is still ongoing.

What type of clemency can he apply?

________________________5. Otto San’s sentence from Reclusion Temporal was reduced to

Prision mayor.

________________________6. Khaleesi was convicted of theft however she has a newborn child.
She asks the President to postpone her sentence so she could take care of her child for at least
1 year.

_________________________7. After serving her sentence Arya’s belonging and other properties
was restored to her by the President.

_________________________8. Mr. Ely Pante, a distant cousin of the President, was convicted of
frustrated homicide, however, he was exempted from serving his penalty. What type of
clemency did the President grant Mr. Ely Pante?

_________________________9. The legislature had absolved Dina Leago’s group of their previous
crime.

_________________________10. Due to good behavior Philip P. Ines was realeased early. However,
he still have to report from time to time to the warden.

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith

 St. Rose of Lima Catholic School, Inc. Recognition No. E-079 s. 2013
Recognition No. E-102 s. 2016
Rizal (Poblacion), Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija Recognition No. S-014 s. 1987
Govt Permit SHSP No. 230 s. 2015
(044) 940 78 34 | srlcs_educ@[Link] Govt Permit SHSP No. 076 s. 2017

Relevance to the Content Organization of Grammar Total

topic thought
(3 pts) (2pts) =10 points
(3 pts) (2pts)

The Philippine Presidency is a highly

influential government office because of its
wide scope in terms of power and symbolic
function. Find a partner and in a separate
sheet of paper list down at least three
notable actions or decisions made by the
current president. (You may use your
electronic device to research). Analyze how
these actions benefit you, the Filipinos, and
the country as a whole. Propose an
alternative action or policies that will
improve the President’s performance and
the exercise of his powers.

Kaushik, N. (2018, August 14). Difference Between Head of State and Head of Government.
Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects.
[Link]
head-of-government/.
The Philippine President. (nd).
[Link]
VMf96yaqG3Frj0/edit#slide=id.g8eb1435e7e_1_83
The Structure of the Executive Branch. (nd).
[Link]
FA_x4/edit#slide=id.gaa127fb7e5_1_47
Arianne Merez(May 19, 2021). The Powers of the Philippine President, Explained.
[Link]
20210519
Gavilan, J.(September 7, 2020). What you need to know about presidential pardons.
[Link]
philippines/

Home and School: Vessels of learning, growth, and faith