SAINT MICHAEL COLLEGE, CANTILAN, INCORPORATED
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
College Department
First Semester A.Y. 2022-2023
LEARNING MODULE
ON
CRUISE MANAGEMENT
MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO CRUISE TOURISM
I. INTRODUCTION
Cruise tourism can be defined as a luxurious form of travelling, involving an all-inclusive holiday on a
cruise ship of at least 48 hours, with a set and specific itinerary, in which the cruise ship calls at several ports or
cities. It is characterised by the concentration of huge numbers of people in limited areas for brief periods, thus
multiplying negative impacts that may lead to destruction of natural and cultural resources.
II. TOPICS
Meaning of Cruise Tourism
Industry Profile
Cruise Tourism Market Perspective
Classification of Cruise Ship
Career Opportunities in Cruise line Industry
III. TIMEFRAME: 2 hours
IV. OBJECTIVES
Discuss the meaning of Cruise Tourism.
Describe the industry profile.
Explain cruise tourism Market Perspective.
Know the classifications of Cruise Ship.
To know the career opportunities in Cruise line Industry.
V. SUMMARY OF TOPICS
Cruise tourism can be defined as a luxurious form of travelling, involving an all-inclusive holiday on a
cruise ship of at least 48 hours, with a set and specific itinerary, in which the cruise ship calls at several ports or
cities. It is characterised by the concentration of huge numbers of people in limited areas for brief periods, thus
multiplying negative impacts that may lead to destruction of natural and cultural resources. According to
Johnson, the growth of cruise tourism requires different management solutions. They include (a) fostering
holistic integrated actions involving international agencies, cruise line operators and host communities; (b)
reducing the impact of cruise activities for safeguarding destinations; (c) raising the environmental awareness of
passengers; (d) sharing increasing profits more equably between cruise line operators and destination
communities. Klein highlighted that in order to keep the cruise industry focused on the issue of sustainability, it
is important that non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other interest groups redouble their efforts in the
areas of media management, influencing also legislative processes.
Although cruise industry has apparently embraced sustainable good practices, and efforts are being
made to respond to the environmental challenges it faces, a number of issues such as visits to sensitive areas,
passenger-host relations in the destinations visited and waste disposal are still critical. Much remains to be done
to ensure that the rapidly growing demand for cruising does not exceed the natural limits of the environment.
This would lead to a potential conflict with the aims of sustainability stems from the impact of the cruise
companies in the tourist destination areas. Furthermore, it has been noted that cruise tourism options vary
according to the size of the ship and the type of experience offered. Impacts vary widely and, therefore, many
factors need to be considered by the companies, in developing sustainable cruise tourism strategies.
Currently, cruise tourism encompasses a variety of facilities and amenities, making sea travel much
more comfortable and enjoyable for travellers. Cruise tourism has come to be associated with marine resorts,
competing with traditionally marketed destinations, and offering tourists an alternative form of holiday. Ritzer
used the expression ‘cathedrals of consumption’ to emphasise the structured and ordered nature of production
and consumption within cruise ships, which are like the repeated contents of theme parks and enclave resorts.
Similarly, Quatermaine and Peter described modern cruises as ‘cathedrals of entertainment’, where destinations
resemble the intervals of an ongoing show.
In the literature, many researchers have explored cruise tourists’ motivations for choosing a cruise
holiday. In this regard, Cartwright and Baird say that the most common reasons cited are the search for luxury
and entertainment. Others have highlighted that a cruise holiday allows tourists, for a short period of time, to
escape their daily routines, to enjoy a life of privilege and to be in a different world. Hosany and Witham
investigated the relationships among cruisers’ experiences, their degrees of satisfaction and their subsequent
intentions to recommend the line to others.
Certain characteristics of the cruise industry seem to align the product with green values since the cruise
experience brings passengers into contact with sun, water and open air. However, its eco-friendly profile has
increasingly come into question, especially over the last decade, which has seen the emergence of floating cities
in the form of supercruise ships, able to carry over 5000 passengers. In this regard, Sweeting and Wayne
defined the cruise industry as ‘a polluter, spilling oil and dumping garbage at sea’, though they also pointed out
that many cruise lines are now implementing practices and procedures to reduce their environmental impacts.
On the contrary, some authors have argued that, because it is an organised and spatially confined leisure
activity, cruise tourism can be viewed as ‘sustainable’.
The need to harmonise the interests of tourism companies with those of the populations and ecosystems
they visit is the principal focus of an influential UNESCO report focusing on this commercial sector Other
researches compiled a long list of potentially harmful environmental effects associated with cruise ships, most
of which are exacerbated with the increasing size of the vessels: anchor damage, air and water pollution,
damage to local natural and cultural ecosystems.
Cruise industry growth seems, therefore, to be in conflict with the sustainability paradigm. It therefore
appears necessary to conduct proper assessment of the potential benefits, risks and impacts of cruise tourism. In
this context, for an authentically sustainable version of cruise tourism development, the implementation of
environmental protection measures would be necessary, involving all the stakeholders of marine tourism
destinations, not just the cruise line operators. This would require a long-term management strategy, involving
international agencies, cruise line operators and host communities.
VI. REFERENCE
Ahuja.R.(2016). Cruise Tourism Management. Venus books publishers and distributors.
[Link]
Prepared by:
JUDE MARK T. MOLAY
Instructor
Checked
MARIE VALERIE Y. RUAYNA, MBA
Program Head, Tourism Management
Approved by:
PROSERPINA O. YUHICO, DM
College Dean
CRUISE MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 1
Instructor: MR. JUDE MARK T. MOLAY
NAME:_______________________________________COURSE AND YEAR: ______________
SCORE: _____________
VII. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Answer the following question:
1. Enumerate and discuss the classification of Cruise Ship.
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2. Give three (3) examples of Cruise Facilities and discuss.
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VIII. SELF EVALUATION (SYNTHESIS OF THE MODULE)
Why do you want or don’t work to work in cruise ship? Explain you answer.
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Reminder! Please pass your answered modules on time. Thank you! :)
SAINT MICHAEL COLLEGE, CANTILAN, INCORPORATED
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
College Department
First Semester A.Y. 2022-2023
LEARNING MODULE
ON
CRUISE MANAGEMENT
MODULE 2: HISTORY OF CRUISE INDUSTRY
I. INTRODUCTION
The cruise industry refers to all businesses that are involved with facilitating pleasure voyages via the
use of cruise ships. This would include cruise operators and cruise lines, as well as businesses that are involved
with the manufacture of cruise ships. In addition, it includes certain entertainment companies specializing in
cruise entertainment.
In many ways, the cruise industry also shares similarities with the hotel industry, as accommodation is
provided on board. This means that the people hired to work within the cruise industry are diverse, including
cruise ship crew members, service staff, entertainers and even specialist cruise ship hotel managers.
II. TOPICS
Cruise Industry overview
Economic Effects
Impact of Powerful Cruise Companies
Environmental Effects
Social and Cultural Effects
Safety and Security
III. TIMEFRAME: 2 hours
IV. OBJECTIVES
Discuss the overview of Cruise Industry
To know the effects of Cruise Industry in economic, environment, social and cultural, safety and
security.
To know the impact of Powerful Cruise Companies.
V. SUMMARY OF TOPICS
CRUISE INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Cruise ship Industry is the fastest growing segment in the travel industry and has had an annual
growth rate of 8.0 per cent since 1980. In 2007, the worldwide cruise passengers grew to 12.9 million. The
cruise industry provides unique experiences for customers, blending elements of transportation, hospitality
and entertainment.
In many ways, the cruise industry also shares similarities with the hotel industry, as accommodation is
provided on board. This means that the people hired to work within the cruise industry are diverse,
including cruise ship crew members, service staff, entertainers and even specialist cruise ship hotel
managers.
With all of this luxury and increase in passengers’ numbers, the impact and the challenges in such areas as
economic , socio-cultural, environmental, safety and security and taxation are a major concern.
ECONOMIC EFFECTS
These economic benefits arise from the five principal sources:
1. Spending cruise passengers and crew;
2. the shore side staffing for their local office marketing and tour operations
3. expenditures for goods and services necessary for cruise operations;
4. spending by the cruise lines for port services; and
5. expenditures for the maintenance.
The cruise industry is a vital artery for local and national economies around the world, supporting 1.17
million jobs spanning a wide variety of sectors, including hospitality, aviation, agriculture, retail,
entertainment, manufacturing, information services, health care and, of course, tourism.
IMPACT OF POWERFUL CRUISE COMPANIES
Three main cruise lines, Carnival, Royal Caribbean and Star/NCL control around 35 per cent of cruise
vessels, with Carnival controlling 22 per cent of that 35 percent alone. If one adds to it the growth rate of 8
per cent annually, the net result is that the above three cruise companies exert a lot of power globally.
Cruise business has become a revenue and profit churning machine and this is often with the exclusion or
restriction of local providers. “They try their hardest to avoid or minimize paying local taxes”
But the cruise ships are obligated to pay a local port tax and economic development contribution
based on the size of the ship and number of passengers, payable while in the port.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
Cruise ships generate a number of waste streams that affect the marine environment, for example, sewage,
gray water, hazardous wastes, oily bilge water, ballast water, solid waste and also emits air pollutants to
the air and water.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
LeAna B. Gloor’s Article on cruise tourism impact in Hilo in Hawaii illustrates the social, physical and
environmental concerns. She advocates for a stronger legislation, more aggressive enforcement and more
bills such as the CLEAN CRUISE SHIP ACT.
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL EFFECTS
Interactions between residents and cruise passengers can have position effects but at the same time, high
frequency and density of cruise activities can restrict the available space for local residents and push them
to adopt differences moral and cultural standards.
There are negative reactions from the residents triggered by the cruise tourism in small ports, where the
ratio of cruise tourist to inhabitants is high, in places such as Aruba, Antigua and Barbuda.
This leads to local resentment, overcrowding and lack of services such as taxis, beach space and
available seats in restaurants on the cruise days or lack of demand, and no work on the days when cruise
ships are not in port.
HEALTH DISEASE
A number of recent studies have focused on the health risks and disease directly attributes to cruise ships
with their high concentration of people from different Countries. One such study looked at the risk and
diseases caused by contaminated water and it showed that their water supply is very different from the
water supplies on Land.
“The recommendations include the need for hygienic and a better comprehensive system to handling of
their water supply from source to consumption.”
TAXATION
There are no common standard in the application of port taxes to cruises. Some ports charge that is
reasonable, some excessive. Some ships pay and some did not. It would be to adopt an internationally
binding comprehensive policy and standard related to taxes, fees, and as well address key areas of staff,
passenger safety, and the ships’ environmental responsibilities.
SAFETY AND SECURITY
Yet, as P. Tarlow indicates in his rather somber study on cruise risks, that cruising is not immune to
dangers ranging from virus outbreaks to terrorism to accidents. Cruise tourism can as well lead to incidents
where the ships can become a trap, as the recent examples of the Costa Concordia grounding and
Carnival’s ship engine fire and subsequent stranding of passengers for several days at sea.
VI. REFERENCE
Ahuja.R.(2016). Cruise Tourism Management. Venus books publishers and distributors.
[Link]
Prepared by:
JUDE MARK T. MOLAY
Instructor
Checked
MARIE VALERIE Y. RUAYNA, MBA
Program Head, Tourism Management
Approved by:
PROSERPINA O. YUHICO, DM
College Dean
CRUISE MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 2
Instructor: MR. JUDE MARK T. MOLAY
NAME:_______________________________________COURSE AND YEAR: ______________
SCORE: _____________
VII. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Answer the following question:
1. Briefly explain the impact of Powerful Cruise Companies.
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2. What are the social and cultural effects of Cruise Industry.
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VIII. SELF EVALUATION (SYNTHESIS OF THE MODULE)
Discuss on what you have understand about the effects of cruise industry in economic and environment.
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Reminder! Please pass your answered modules on time. Thank you! :)
