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Understanding Electric Current Basics

1. Direct current (DC) is the one-directional flow of electric charge through a conducting medium such as electrons or ions. 2. Current is expressed mathematically using the symbol I or i and is measured in amperes or amps. 3. A potential difference of 240 V applied across an electric kettle's heating coil drives a current of 8 A through the coil.

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Syukur Gulo
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15 views17 pages

Understanding Electric Current Basics

1. Direct current (DC) is the one-directional flow of electric charge through a conducting medium such as electrons or ions. 2. Current is expressed mathematically using the symbol I or i and is measured in amperes or amps. 3. A potential difference of 240 V applied across an electric kettle's heating coil drives a current of 8 A through the coil.

Uploaded by

Syukur Gulo
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

Direct
Current
By: Winnei
2

Electric current is defined as a stream of charged particles—such as electrons or


ions—moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is the flow rate of electric
charge through a conducting medium with respect to time. Electric current is
expressed mathematically (e.g. in formulas) using the symbol “I” or “i”. The unit for
current is is ampere or amp.

When an electric torch is on, millions of electrons pass through the torch lamp and
through the cell every second.
3

A potential difference of 240 V applied across the heating coil of an eceltric kettle
drive a current of 8 A through the coil. Calculate the
a). Resistance of the coil
b). New current flowing through the coil if the potential difference applied is changed
to 220 V
4

“
Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of
electric charge.
5

Dry cell is useful because it is compact and portable. It is constructed with the same
materials as the wet cell, except that the electrolyte is in the form of a paste or jelly.
The zinc electrode is in the form of a can, as shown below.

Dry Cell

[Link]
construction-kit-dc_en.html
6

Voltaic
Cell

[Link]
[Link]
7

Wet Cell
Battery
8

How do we measure electric current?


9

1. 360 C of charge flows around a


circuit in 400 s. Calculate the current
in the circuit.
10

Given that the current is 0.3A, calculate the charge flowing


in the circuit in 20 seconds.
11

A current of 2A flows through a bulb for three minutes. Calculate the amount
of charge that flows through the bulb in this time.
12

A charge of 5kC flows through a variable resistor in two minutes. Calculate


the reading on the ammeter which is connected to the circuit.
13

What is potential difference?


When a dry cell is connected to a light bulb, the bulb converts the electrical energy
provided by the dry cell to light and thermal energy. For each coloumb of charge
passing through the light bulb, the amount of electrical energy converted to other
forms of energy is called the potential difference.
14

The energy transferred to a lamp is 24.0 J when 8.0 C of charge passes


through it. Calculate the potential difference across the lamp.
In a closed circuit, a 6 V battery is used to drive 40 C of electric through a light
bulb. How much work is done to drive the electric charge through the bulb?
16

A charge of 4.00 x 104 C flows through an electric heater. If the amount of


electrical energy converted into thermal energy is 9.00 MJ, calculate the
potential difference across the ends of the heater.
17

Thanks!

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