CHAPTER 3: PROBLEM SHEET

Q1) Draw the block diagrams of the following system in both Direct form I and Direct Form II.
wn  0.5wn  1  7 xn
yn  2wn  4wn  1
(Note: x[n] is the input and y[n] is the output)

h
Q2) Consider the cascade of the following two systems as depicted below:

ja
x[n] p[n] y[n]

ira
System 1 System 2
p[n]=0.5p[n-1]+x[n] y[n]=αy[n-1]+β p[n]

a
lia ik
The difference equation relating x[n] of y[n] is:
yn  xn  34 yn  1  18 yn  2
b
Determine  and . Ans: =1/4 and =1
tra m
For the block diagram realisations given below, develop the relation between y[n] and x[n]
us . A

Q3)
in each case.
,A E
or
SW ss
U ofe

Ans: a) y(n)-ay(n-1)=bx(n)+cx(n-1); b) y(n)=αx(n)+βx(n-1)+βx(n-2)+αx(n-3)

Q4) Draw a system implementation for each of the following difference equations:
Pr

a) 2 yn  yn  1  4 yn  3  xn  3xn  5

N

b) yn  xn  xn  N 

c) yn  a0 xn  a1 xn 1  a2 xn  2  b1 yn  1  b2 yn  2

Q5) A difference equation for a particular filter is given by

yn  0.1xn  0.1xn  2  0.8xn  3  0.1xn  4  0.6 xn  6

Chapter 3 6
 Find the impulse response of the above filter.

Ans: h[n]={0.1, 0, -0.1, 0.8, 0.1, 0, 0.6, 0, 0, 0...}

Q6) Show that the convolution of the two infinite duration sequences

pn  a n un and qn  b n un

h
for all n, where u[n] is the unit step function and a  b, is given by

ja
a n1  b n1
yn 

ira
a b
Q7) Consider the system described by the difference equation

a
yn  ayn  1  bxn

lia ik

Determine ‘b’ in terms of ‘a’ so that  hn  1 Ans:b=1-a
b n  
tra m
Q8) For each of the following systems, determine whether or not the system is (i) linear and (ii)
time-invariant
us . A

a) y[n]  cosx[n] Ans: Non-linear; Time invariant

b) yn  xn. cos0.2n Ans: Linear; Time variant
c) yn  xn  xn -1
,A E

Ans: Linear; Time invariant

d) y[n]  x[n] Ans: Non-linear; Time invariant
e) yn  xn  nxn  1
or

Ans: linear; Time variant

n 1
f) yn   xk  Ans: Linear; Time invariant
SW ss

k  
g) Show that y[n] = x[-n] is not a time-invariant system.
U ofe

Q9)
a) Let x[n] = {1 4 0 2} and h[n] = {1 2 1}. Find their convolution (Both sequences
start at n=0).
Ans:{1, 6, 9, 6, 4, 2}
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b) Let x[n] = {0.5 0.5 0.5} and h[n] = {3 2 1}. Find their convolution (Both
sequences start at n=0).
N

Ans:{1.5, 2.5, 3, 1.5, 0.5}

Chapter 3 7
 Q10) An input sequence is given by x[n] shown below. What is the correct output sequence (or
portion thereof) if y[n] =2x[n] – x[n-2] + 0.5y[n-1]?
2

x[n]

h
1

ja
0 0 0 0
n=0

ira
4 4
a) y[n]
-1 b) y[n]
3

a
2 2 2

lia ik
1

n=0
b 0 0
n =0
0 0
tra m
-1/8 -1/16
-1/4
-1/2

c) 4
d) 4
y[n]
y[n]
us . A

2 2 2
,A E

0 0
0 0 0
n=0 n=0
or

-1 Answer: a
SW ss

Q11) Which of the following are static systems?

U ofe

I) II)
x[n] T x1[n]
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y[n] x2[n] y[n]

+ +
N

x[n] y[n]
x[n] y[n] +
+
III) IV)
T

Chapter 3 8
 a) I only
b) I and II
c) II and IV
d) all
e) none

Answer: c

Q12) A sequence x1[n] is fed into a linear and time-invariant system h[n] to produce an output

h
y1[n] as shown below. Now the signal x2[n] is fed into the same system h[n] to produce
y2[n].

ja
2
1
x1[n] y1[n]

ira
1/2

h[n] 1/2

a
0 0 0 0
0 0 0

lia ik
n =0 n=0
2
x2[n]

b 1

h[n]
-1
Find y2[n] and tick one of the
tra m
following.
us . A
0 0 0

n=0

4
4

y2[n]
,A E

y [n]
a) 2 b)

1
1
or

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

n=0 n=0
SW ss

-2
-2
2
U ofe

y2[n]
c)

1/2
d) Cannot be determined.
0 0 0 0
Pr

n=0
N

-1

Answer: a

Chapter 3 9
 1 𝑛
Q13) A system has an impulse response ℎ[𝑛] = (4) 𝑢[𝑛 + 10]. Which of the following
statements is true? The system is :

a) Causal and IIR

b) Causal and FIR
c) Non-causal and IIR
d) Non-causal and FIR

h
Answer: c

ja
a ira
lia ik
b
tra m
us . A
,A E
or
SW ss
U ofe
Pr
N

Chapter 3 10