Name : Sakshi Garg
Enroll. No.: 20115120
Experiment No. 5
DC generator voltage regulation system using amplidyne
➢ Objectives:
To study the amplidyne DC generator voltage regulation system by performing the following
experiments:-
1 Variation of no-load output voltage of DC generator with control current of amplidyne for (a)
open loop case and (b) closed loop case with 50% feedback.
2 Variation of output voltage from no load to full load for a constant amplidyne control current
for (a) open loop case and (b) closed loop case with 50% feedback.
➢ Equipment Required:
AC and DC power supplies, DC generator, Amplidyne, Prime movers for DC generator and
Amplidyne, Voltmeters 0-150V (2 Nos.),Ammeters 0-10A, 0-5A, 0-100mA, tachometer, rheostat,
lamp load, SPST switch and connecting wires.
➢ Prior to Lab:
Sketch a block diagram of a feedback control system and study the ‘effects of feedback’. Study
the basic working principle of DC generator.
➢ Theory:
Amplidyne is a rotating amplifier with high power gain. It is a special type of dc generator which
requires small field current for excitation. The small excitation produces a flux and voltage is
induced in the armature as it rotates. This voltage is available at the brushes located at right angles
to the main field flux. When these brushes are short circuited, even a small voltage generated
across the brushes would circulate a large current through the short circuited armature windings.
This large current produces a large armature reaction and creates another flux. This strong flux
directed at 90º to the main field flux produces another voltage due to the rotation of armature. This
voltage is available at the brushes located at right angles to the armature flux. A small change in
the field current of amplidyne causes a large change in voltage at the second set of brushes which
is the output of the amplidyne.
Amplidyne is used to regulate the field current of a dc generator. As the load current increases, the
terminal voltage of the dc generator decreases. Negative feedback is used to regulate the field
current of the dc generator. Amplidyne used for regulation has two sets of field windings. A
reference voltage is obtained from a potentiometer and fixed at a required value. This voltage is
applied to one set of field winding of amplidyne. Feedback voltage is tapped from a feedback
potentiometer and is proportional to the generated output voltage of the dc generator. This
feedback voltage is applied to the second set of field windings of amplidyne. For negative
feedback, the feedback voltage is made to oppose the fixed reference voltage.
➢ Procedure:
Identify the four electrical machines used in the experiment. Make connections as shown the
Figure. Switch on the prime movers of the amplidyne and DC generator. Bring the speed of the dc
generator to rated speed by adjusting the speed of the prime mover. With no load on the dc
generator, for different values of amplidyne control current, obtain the terminal voltage of the dc
generator. Record the readings as in observation table 1. For feedback, close the SPST switch and
repeat the experiments with 50% feedback.
Vary the load on the generator from no load to full load for a fixed value of amplidyne control
current. Record the load current and load voltage as in observation table 2.
Connection diagram
Observation Table 1: Variation of DC generator no load voltage versus amplidyne control current
Open Loop Closed Loop
Field Current (mA) No load Voltage (V) Field Current (mA) No load Voltage (V)
0
0 0 0 0
5 34 5 11
10 66 10 17
15 92 15 25
20 112 20 32
30 132 30 49
40 142 40 66
Observation Table 2: Load voltage vs load current for a constant control current of 20 mA
Open Loop Closed Loop
Load Current (A) Load Voltage (V) Load Current (A) Load Voltage (V)
0 112 0 34
1.1 110 1.2 34
2.1 107 2 32
3 102 2.8 32
3.5 100 3.8 30
5.1 94 4.6 30
6.7 86 6 29
Variation of output voltage from no load to full load for a constant amplidyne control current for
(a) open loop case and (b) closed loop case with 50% feedback
(b) closed loop case with 50% feedback
60
50
No load Voltage (V)
40
30
20
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Field Current (mA)
Variation of no-load output voltage of DC generator with control current of amplidyne for (a) open
loop case and (b) closed loop case with 50% feedback
(b) closed loop case with 50% feedback
34.5
34
33.5
33
Load Voltage (V)
32.5
32
31.5
31
30.5
30
29.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Load Current (A)
➢ Discussion:
For variation of output voltage from no load to full load for a constant amplidyne control current,
the DC Generator runs at rated speed.
For a) Open loop: Keeping the feedback switch 'S' open and generator at no load and varying the
input current to the reference winding (F-F) of amplidyne we observe that the No load Voltage
increases with increase in field current but the No load Voltage versus field current graph is not
linear as there is some error present.
For b) Closed loop with 50% feedback: After adjusting the feedback rheostat so that the feedback
voltage is half that of the generator output voltage, we observe that the error is reduced and the No
load Voltage versus field current graph becomes more linear.
For the variation of no-load output voltage of DC generator with control current of amplidyne
when the control current is kept constant at 20 mA
For a) Open loop: The load voltage decreases almost linearly as the load current increases. This is
due to the error present.
For b) Closed loop with 50% feedback: After adjusting the feedback rheostat so that the feedback
voltage is half that of the generator output voltage, we observe that the error is reduced and now
the load voltage remains almost constant even on increasing the load current.
Discussion:
The model is simulated in the MATLAB environment. A graphical user interface
(GUI) is designed for simulating the five DoF robotic arm. In the GUI window,
the user inputs the position coordinates of the end effector. From that, the
individual joint values of the angles are calculated