Answer key

Unit 1 3 Can you tell me if/whether the banks are open today?
4 Do you know where the bus to the city centre leaves from?
1a (pages 4 and 5) 5 Could you tell me how this machine works?
1 6 Do you know how long you will be here?
1 bacon, beans, egg, toast, fried mushrooms, fried tomato 7 Could you tell me if/whether there is a reduced price for
2 cows, sheep children?
8 Can you tell me why I can’t get on the plane?
2
1 b  2 d  3 a  4 e  5 c 7
1 luck  2 happy  3 power  4 sad  5 brave  6 angry
3
1 ask  2 eat  3 ’s making  4 ’m watching … come 
1c (page 8)
5 are drinking  6 ’m living  7 feel  8 ’m listening
1
4 1 d  2 b  3 a  4 c
1 ’m studying  2 have  3 mean  4 ’m having 
5 ’m making  6 play  7 try  8 sounds  9 dress  2
10 doesn’t agree  11 dress  12 wear 1 a  2 a  3 c  4 b  5 c

5 3
1 agree  2 hope  3 Are (you) watching  1 they tried to find out what people like so much about
4 Do (you) recognize  5 don’t remember  video games
6 Are (you) thinking  7 are (you) taking  8 seems  2 a real-world character
9 doesn’t taste  10 is expecting 3 they increase people’s happiness and positive feelings
about themselves
6
4
  2 I’m wearing / I’m not wearing
1 is turning into  2 ’s going on  3 find out  4 turns out
  3 I remember / I don’t remember
  4 I’m thinking / I’m not thinking
  5 I need / I don’t need 1d (page 9)
  6 I feel / I don’t feel or I’m feeling / I’m not feeling 1
  7 I prefer / I don’t prefer 1 O: It’s a pleasure to meet you.
  8 I get up / I don’t get up 2 C: Why don’t I give you my card?
  9 I know / I don’t know 3 O: May I introduce myself?
10 I understand / I don’t understand 4 C: Let’s stay in touch.
5 C: It’s been good talking to you.
7 6 O: I’m very pleased to meet you.
1 opinion  2 behaviour  3 predictions  4 curious 
5 in the case  6 everyday 2
1 May I introduce myself?
8 2 It’s a pleasure to meet you or I’m very pleased to
1 f  2 b  3 g  4 e  5 d  6 a  7 h  8 c meet you
3 it’s been good talking to you. or let’s stay in touch.
1b (pages 6 and 7) 4 Why don’t I give you my card?
1 3
1 No. 1 for  2 on  3 at  4 in  5 for  6 at
2 Two or more of their senses get mixed up.
3 Yes. It’s a bit too much sometimes. 4a
4 Mark’s synesthesia means that he tastes words. Kandinsky’s 1 e  2 d  3 b  4 c  5 f  6 a
synesthesia mixed colour, hearing, touch and smell.
4b
5 Seeing words in colour.
c, a
6 Our brains.
5
2
1 Are you?  2 Is it?  3 Yes, I have.  4 Yes, I do. 
1 taste  2 hears  3 hearing  4 touch  5 smell
5 No, I can’t.  6 Are they?
3
1 Where does Mark come from? 1e (page 10)
Canada.
1a
2 Who else in his family has the same condition?
1 letter  2 informal  3 known  4 to give information
His sister.
3 What’s / What is the name of his condition? 1b
Synesthesia. 1 About our work: b, c
4 Which sense gives Mark problems? 2 Satisfied customers: a
Taste. 3 About us: d
5 What’s / What is Stevie Wonder famous for?
He’s a musician. 2
6 What colour does Mark’s sister associate with Tuesday? 1 I am working on a new product this year. or This year
Brown. I am working on a new product.
2 I can also help you with new projects. or Also, I can help
6 you with new projects.
1 Can you tell me what time it is? 3 We are currently advising a national company. or
2 Could you tell me your postcode? Currently, we are advising a national company.

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 4 We are completing a major contract at this time. or At this 3
time, we are completing a major contract. 1 heard of  2 ’s done  3 ’s walked  4 felt  5 decided 
5 In addition to this, we have offices in all main cities. 6 went  7 ’ve made
6 We work in TV too.
4
3 a was, made
1 designer  2 consultant  3 special  4 dyes  b have (you) decided
5 developing  6 allergic  7 passion  8 colourful  1 a: haven’t laughed
9 continually  10 painter 2 b: have invited
3 a: saw
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 11) 4 b: haven’t thought
1 5 a: gave
1 impression  2 identity  3 American  4 culture  6 b: haven’t planned
5 media  6 food 7 b: booked
8 a: saw, was
2 9 a: ’ve just finished, laughed
1 special  2 vegetarian  3 smart  4 worldwide  10 b: has bought
5 famous  6 important
5
7 1 began  2 was  3 didn’t study  4 felt 
1 spelling  2 website  3 hotel  4 surname  5 email  5 ’ve learned  6 ’ve been  7 made  8 spoke 
6 Japan 9 understood  10 have had
GLOBALIZATION
7a
1 play  2 tell  3 give  4 sing  5 make 
Unit 2 6 write  7 star
2a (pages 12 and 13) 7b
1 2 Authors write plays.
1 Kristen  2 Alvaro  3 Theo  4 Carmen  5 Tara 3 Comedians tell jokes.
4 Musicians play instruments.
2 5 Ordinary people sing karaoke.
1 T  2 N  3 T  4 T 6 Politicians give speeches.
3 7 Rock bands make albums.
1 acrobat  2 juggler  3 living statue  4 puppeteer
4 2c (page 16)
eight verbs: I’ve known, I haven’t lived, I’ve felt, I’ve 1
never seen, I’ve just arrived, I’ve already heard, I’ve never 1 because it’s about people’s lives on one day,
experienced, We’ve been 24 July 2010
5 2 a documentary
1 We’ve / We have been here for … we’ve / we have seen 3 ordinary people
2 I’ve / I have performed every night since 4 no
3 We’ve / We have never had 5 film director Kevin Macdonald’s
4 My friend has lived here for … I’ve / I have decided 6 on YouTube
5 I’ve / I have always wanted … Since … I’ve / 2
I have become 1 24 July 2010  2 90 minutes  3 400  4 40  5 4,500 
6 I haven’t heard 6 81,000  7 192
6 3
1 Have you seen Billy Elliot yet? c
2 Don’t reserve me a ticket. I’ve already bought mine.
3 I can’t meet you later. I haven’t finished my work yet. 4
4 We’ve just been to see Lady Gaga. Wow! 1 N  2 N  3 A
5 I arrived this morning and I’ve already seen dozens 5
of performances. 1 What kind of  2 kind of  3 the same kind 
6 I’m not sure what that means! I’ve just started 4 the right kind  5 How kind  6 certain kinds of
learning Spanish.
8 2d (page 17)
1 cheerful  2 unusual  3 lively  4 catchy  5 repetitive 
6 sad  7 tuneless  8 interesting 1
1 Do you want to, Would you like to
2b (pages 14 and 15) 2 Do you feel like, Do you fancy
1 2
1 cry  2 laughing  3 Cheer up  4 laugh, cry  Possible answers:
5 bad mood  6 smile, smile Yeah, why not?
I like the sound of that.
2 I’m not keen on him.
1 F (He’s not in a circus or anything.)
2T 3
3T 1 What’s on?  2 Who’s it by?  3 Who’s in it? 
4 F (He was on the wire for 45 minutes.) 4 When’s / What time’s it on?  5 What’s it about?

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 Answer key

4 3
2 It was absolutely / really awful. 1 saw  2 best moment  3 solve the problem
3 It was really / very boring. 4 amount of work you have to do 
4 It was really / very good. 5 increased by twice as much  6 was successful
5 It was really / very disappointing.
4
6 It was absolutely / really brilliant.
1 When did the sports fishermen see some
6 oceanic whitetips?
1 bored  2 amazing  3 disappointed  4 moved  2 When did Brian Skerry spot a shark?
5 depressing  6 fascinating 3 How did he know that it was a whitetip?
4 What were Skerry and his assistant going after at the
2e (page 18) end of the assignment?
1a 5 What happened on the eighth day?
1 therefore   2 both options are correct  6 What was Skerry doing when the weather improved?
3 both options are correct  4 For that reason, 5 so 5
1b 1 saw … were surfing
a Despite being from a classical Indian background, he’s 2 was climbing … dropped
had mainstream success in the West. 3 was … was coming up … were jumping
b He played on Beatles records. Because of this, he quickly 4 started … were filming
became well-known in Europe. 5 got … packed up … went
c Although he enjoyed the music he made with the Beatles, 6 were sailing … got
he didn’t like the attention it brought. 6a
d While he loves Matisse and Picasso, he doesn’t believe in 1 climbed down  2 decided to  3 looked dangerous
owning art. 4 dropped Tom’s  5 learned to  6 turned deep
e He began as a dancer, but he became more interested in
making music. 7
f Although I don’t know much about classical Indian 1 immediately / suddenly  2 easily / safely  3 carefully
music, I love his work. 4 immediately / noisily  5 immediately  6 badly 
7 fortunately  8 carefully / safely
2
The missing sentences are: 2 a, 3 b, 5 f. 3b (pages 22 and 23)
Ravi Shankar is a classical Indian musician who’s had huge
success over many decades. I’ve followed his work since 1
I saw him on TV a few years ago. Despite being from a 1 iceberg  2 submarine  3 yacht  4 rocks  5 cannon 
classical Indian background, he’s had mainstream success 6 (ship)wreck
in the West. This began decades ago when he worked with 2
George Harrison, of the Beatles. He played on Beatles a
records. Because of this, he quickly became well-known in
Europe. Of course, the Beatles broke up a long time ago. 3
I enjoy the music he makes nowadays. Although I don’t All the words – except tornado and waves – are in
know much about classical Indian music, I love his work. the programme.
I like it because it sounds beautiful and unusual to me. It’s 4
really different from Western music. There’s recently been 1 a  2 b  3 c  4 c
an explosion in the kind of music we can hear, and I enjoy
it all! 5
1 bridges had disappeared – water
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 19) 2 farmland had turned into desert – wind
3 rivers had changed course – water
1 tourist 4 roads had disappeared – water
2 actor, director, entertainer, painter 5 sand had moved to new areas – wind
3 consultant, participant 6 trees had washed away – water
4 comedian, magician, librarian, politician
6
2 1 most residents had left the area
-er 2 at what had happened
3 3 there had been trees
1 librarian  2 painters  3 tourists  4 directors  4 roads and bridges had disappeared
5 photographer  6 participants 5 where people had had farms
6 how much had changed
7
1 photos  2 entertainers  3 reggae  4 flamenco  7
5 orchestra  6 Romeo + Juliet  7 magician  8 ideas  1 managed  2 were  3 had become  4 had already died 
9 new  10 good 5 were able to  6 had tried
PERFORMING 8
1 d  2 b  3 c  4 e  5 a  or  1 d  2 c  3 e  4 b  5 a
Unit 3
3a (pages 20 and 21) 3c (page 24)
1 1
1 c  2 a Italy
2 2
1 B  2 H  3 W  4 H  5 W  6 W  7 H  8 B 1 from an underground water reserve
2 to extract the water, bottle it and sell it as drinking water

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 3 He had written a letter to the newspaper about banning 6
bottled water. 1 rain  2 bottled  3 fresh  4 running  5 hot  6 boiling 
4 The town decided to become ‘bottled water free’. 7 salt  8 cold
5 after national and international newspapers wrote articles
about the story X F L H H N I E K O
3 H R I R U N N I N G
1 they didn’t want to buy their own water in bottles A E B S E L A Z B I
2 fight the water company … ban bottled water completely
3 had gone ‘plastic bag free’ R S O Q V O B U O T
4 is 300 times greater than tap water
E H I P N H O T Y S
5 they can get it from the tap
O A L Z I P T E W A
4
1 become  2 met  3 received  4 obtain R A I N W A T E R L
5 P L N I E U L T T T
1 d  2 b  3 f  4 e  5 a  6 c
E B G S U A E N B O
3d (page 25) Y U V C O L D X R U
1
1 During  2 After  3 suddenly  4 While  5 later  6 then
Unit 4
2
1 when 2 As 3 While 4 As 5 when 6 As 4a (pages 28 and 29)
1
3e (page 26) 1 jobs  2 working  3 work  4 jobs  5 work  6 job 
7 work  8 job
1
1 a  2 h  3 m  4 d  5 i  6 g  7 o  8 f  9 k  10 l  11 j 2
12 e  13 b  14 n  15 c Speaker 1: education
Speaker 2: home, work
2a Speaker 3: health
1 arrived in  2 sad  3 met some friends  4 full of people  Speaker 4: environment, languages
5 went  6 amazing  7 exciting  8 emotional  9 starting
3
2b 1 S  2 S  3 S  4 NS  5 S  6 NS  7 NS  8 NS
1 spectacular  2 bumped into  3 packed 
4 made my way  5 familiar faces  6 tragic 4
1 will  2 won’t  3 will  4 certainly (also definitely) 
3 5 certainly (also definitely)
1 fabulous, impressive, magnificent, spectacular
2 electrifying, exciting, exhilarating, thrilling 5
3 busy, crowded, full, packed 1 probably  2 could (also may, might) 
4 move on, set off, take off, travel 3 could (also may, might)  4 may (also might) 
5 could (also may, might)
4
Model answer: 6
On Saturday evening, we all got dressed up and went to 1 a  2 b  3 a  4 b  5 b  6 a
dinner in the spectacular dining room. The whole thing
was a re-creation of dinner on Titanic. The dining room was 4b (pages 30 and 31)
packed and it was thrilling to see everyone in authentic 1
costumes. We bumped into some people we had met earlier 1 leave school  2 stay on at school  3 pass an exam
and they joined our group. The food was amazing too and 4 resit an exam  5 go to university  6 become an apprentice
the whole thing was very moving. 7 get a degree  8 drop out of college

Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 27) 2

1 café  2 waitress  3 works there  4 her twenties 
1 5 single
closely, easily, exactly, extremely, finally, immediately,
incredibly, naturally, normally, professionally, recently, 3
unexpectedly 1 Auckland, New Zealand
2 London
2 3 to let him know her plans
1 extremely  2 recently  3 natural, normal, professional  4 it’s been brilliant, but she’s not going to stay there forever
4 exactly  5 incredible  6 easily, immediately
4
3 1 Lorna’s brother is finishing school soon.
The student includes the following things: 2 Lorna will be in Auckland in May or June.
example sentences; how he/she feels about something; 3 She’s going to look for a new job in Auckland.
other students; reminders to do things; test scores; 4 She hasn’t found somewhere to live in Auckland.
vocabulary; writing (entry for 10 Nov) 5 She might be able to stay with Brett.
6 She promises to take her brother a Chelsea football shirt.
4
because they are important 5
1 a  2 d  3 c  4 b  5 d  6 a  7 c  8 b

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 Answer key

6 3
1 I’m going to look for a new job. Model answer:
2 I’m starting my new job next week. Dear Mr Kapoor,
3 I’ll meet you tonight. I am writing in reply to your advertisement ref 119/XG for
4 The bus leaves at eight o’clock. waiters. I attach my application form.
5 We’re moving house soon. I am an enthusiastic and hard-working person, and I enjoy
6 My friend is going to leave college. working with people.
7 My friend is doing an exam tomorrow. I have worked as a waiter both here in the UK and in my
8 I’ll help you study. home country, Portugal. I have several years’ experience in
9 The exam takes place at the end of June. both restaurants and cafeterias.
10 I’ll see you later. I am available for interview at any time and available to
7 start work at once.
1 miles  2 email  3 I’ll  4 fail  5 oil  6 feel I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Manuel Santos
4c (page 32)
1 Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 35)
1 flexi-time  2 pay rise  3 staff discounts  4 promotion 
5 part-time work  6 paid holiday 1
1 e  2 c  3 b  4 f  5 d  6 a  7 g  8 h
2
1 b  2 b  3 c 2
3 2 repeat  3 reply  4 review  5 return  6 revise
1 F  2 T  3 T  4 F  5 F  6 T 4
4 Possible answers:
1 people who were born at the same time as the internet Job titles: ballerina, film star, fire fighter, footballer, pilot,
2 He doesn’t believe in making plans. Plans are for police officer, rock star, scientist, train driver, vet
old people. Pay and conditions: badly paid, dirty, responsible, stressful,
3 If you don’t have an open mind, you might miss well-paid
an opportunity. Describing jobs: boring, challenging, dangerous, enjoyable,
4 because both the internet and the people in the exciting
programme are 21 years old Job requirements: degree, experience, qualifications, skills
5a 5
1 a  2 b  3 b  4 a 1 new  2 ambition  3 intend  4 factory  5 college 
6 hard-working
4d (page 33) CHINA
1
1 well-organized  2 self-confident  3 independent  Unit 5
4 methodical  5 creative  6 conscientious
5a (pages 36 and 37)
2
1 d  2 a  3 b  4 c 1
2 up your mind  3 them a nice meal  4 simple steak 
3 5 suggestion  6 me hungry
1 Would you mind or Do you mind
2 Would it be all right if or Would it be OK if 2
3 Could you or Can you a simple steak  b a suggestion  c them a nice meal
4 Is it OK to or Is it all right to (also Can I or Could I) d me hungry  e up your mind
5 Would you or Will you
6 Can or Could 3
1 make lunch  2 make a mess  3 makes me ill 
4 make you a drink  5 make sense  6 make up my mind
4e (page 34)
4
1a
1 north  2 Aboriginal people  3 edible  4 collecting
c
5
1b
ants, leaves, water lilies
1 Dear Mr Brown,
2 I am writing in reply to your advertisement. 6
3 I enclose my application form. c
4 I am an enthusiastic person and I enjoy working
with people. 7
5 I have several years’ experience in this area. 1 You can’t (or You mustn’t) camp in the park.
6 I am available for interview at any time. 2 You have to picnic in designated areas.
7 I look forward to hearing from you. 3 You can’t (or You mustn’t) swim in the rivers.
8 Yours sincerely, 4 You should carry water with you.
5 You have to contact the warden in advance of your visit.
2 6 You don’t have to show identification on entry.
some experience in catering or retail 7 You shouldn’t approach wild animals.
hard-working and good under pressure 8 You have to report any accidents or incidents with wild
authorized to work in the UK animals.

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 9 1b
1 had to carry  2 had to wear  3 weren’t allowed to go  1 The swimming pool doesn’t open until 9 a.m., therefore
4 could do  5 didn’t have to sleep  6 were allowed to people can’t go swimming before they go to work.
2 Taking away the discounts for retired people means
5b (pages 38 and 39) that they can’t afford to use the centre very often.
3 The multi-ticket scheme is too complicated. Consequently,
2 people don’t take advantage of offers.
1 a goal  2 individuals  3 resolutions  4 intrepid  4 Opening the cafeteria to the public will result in more
5 challenges  6 a platform people using the centre.
3 5 The price increase has led to fewer students using the
1 Jodi Cobb  2 Børge Ousland  3 Robert D. Ballard centre now.
4 2
1 If you make a healthy meal, you’ll feel better afterwards. Model answer:
2 If I watch a movie, I’ll enjoy myself. Dear Sir,
3 If you find a new route to work, you’ll save money. We are writing to express our concern at the recent changes to
4 If you take chewing gum with you, you won’t / will not Newton Community Fitness Centre. We are concerned about
smoke. three aspects of these changes: prices, opening times and the
5 If you don’t buy chocolate, you won’t eat it. cafeteria.
6 You’ll live longer if you have a good diet. In our view, the multi-ticket scheme is too complicated.
5 Consequently, people don’t take advantage of offers.
1 You won’t achieve anything unless you take risks. The price increase has led to fewer families using the
2 Your friends will help you as soon as you ask them. centre now. We also note that taking away the discounts
3 You’ll be successful when you plan things carefully. for retired people means that they can’t afford to use the
4 You won’t know what you can do until you try. centre very often.
5 You’ll make a lot of mistakes before you succeed. In addition, the swimming pool doesn’t open until 9 a.m.,
6 You won’t save any money if you don’t have a plan. therefore people can’t go swimming before they go to work.
Finally, we feel that opening the cafeteria to the public will
6 result in more people using the centre.
not part of a healthy lifestyle: cutting down on relaxation, We request that you review these changes to the services
avoiding outdoor activities, taking up smoking that the fitness centre provides to its users.
7 Yours sincerely
1 b  2 d  3 c  4 a PH Singh
Newton Students’ Association
5c (page 40)
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 43)
1
1 electric  2 high  3 indoor  4 night  5 irregular 1
1 gone up  2 put up  3 take up  4 speed up  5 grow up
2
1 c  2 a  3 b  4 b  5 c  6 b 2
3 1 come down  2 get … down  3 slow down 
a 4 take … down  5 bring down

4 3
1 e  2 c  3 b  4 f  5 g  6 d  7 a 1 writing the same idea in different ways
2 thinking about who the reader is
5d (page 41) 3 listing useful linking words

1 6
1 What’s that made from? 1 durian  2 junk food  3 caffeine  4 raw  5 plantain 
2 What do they taste like? 6 English  7 blue  8 stilton
3 I think I’ll try that.
4 Does it come with vegetables?
5 I’ll have the same. Unit 6
2 6a (pages 44 and 45)
1 need to  2 don’t need to  3 have to  4 have to  1
5 don’t need to or don’t have to They’re queuing at a check-in desk at the airport before
3 their flight.
1 baked  2 fish  3 hot  4 bland 2
4 1 talking about the weather, drinking tea, queuing
1 D  2 S  3 M  4 S 2 waiting for a bus, waiting in a shop, waiting to buy tickets
3 the last person in the queue
5a 4 you only find out which gate to go to when the gate opens
1 comfortable  2 evening  3 national  4 travelling 5 the queues aren’t as long
5b 6 no
camera poisoning several snorkelling 3
1 culture  2 arrive  3 behave  4 advance
5e (page 42)
4
1a 1 long time  2 as long as  3 too long  4 as long as 
1 opening times  2 prices  3 cafeteria 5 all night long  6 long enough  7 as long as  8 long

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 Answer key

5 2
1 so that  2 for  3 for  4 for  5 to  6 so that  7 to  8 for 2 extraterrestrial  3 physical  4 wallabies  5 wallabies 
6 poppies  7 wallabies  8 poppies  9 wallabies 
6 10 humans  11 patterns  12 hoaxers  13 tools  14 patterns
1 b: Why did you decide to do the exam? So that I could / To
improve my CV. 3
2 d: Why has Dani gone to town today? For / To pick up / So b, c
that he can pick up the tickets for his holiday. 4
3 c: What’s that new machine in your kitchen? It’s for making / 1 b  2 c  3 a
So that I can make / To make vegetable and fruit juice.
4 e: Why are you waiting here? For / To see / So that I can see 6d (page 49)
the cycle race when it passes.
5 a: Why are you in a hurry? So that I can / To get home 1
before it rains. The first two stories are true. The third story is almost true.
6 f: What’s ‘Fit-trak’? It’s an app for counting / so that you can The last story was what the author’s friend told her mum
count / to count how far you walk. in 1971 and was believed!
7 2
1 c: Let’s go to the beach tomorrow. It looks as if / as though / 1 off  2 right  3 mistake  4 joking  5 having … on  6 sure
like it’s going to be sunny.
2 f: This queue is really long. It looks as if / as though / 6e (page 50)
like we’ll be here for hours.
3 a: Why is the car making that noise? It sounds as if / as 1a
though / like a bit is falling off. c
4 h: Why are you so red? You look as if / as though / like 1b
you’ve been for a run. c struck  d called, started  b responded, happened
5 b: Paco is very happy today. He looks as if / as though / a was, cut off, said
like he had a nice weekend.
6 e: Jenna and Tara have left the office already. It looks as if / 2
as though / like they’ve finished their work. 1 temporarily  2 immediately  3 fortunately 
7 d: Susan said she’s busy on Sunday. It sounds as if / as 4 extremely  5 quickly  6 incredibly
though / like she’s not coming to lunch.
3
8 g: Your holiday photos are great. It looks as if / as though /
1 extremely  2 Fortunately  3 temporarily  4 incredibly 
like you had a good time.
5 immediately  6 quickly
6b (pages 46 and 47) 4
1 1 Incredibly, nobody knows what happened.
moai = statue   pukao = ‘hat’ 2 Sadly, this is not the first time this has happened.
3 The car was deliberately damaged.
2
4 The man spoke sadly about the incident.
1 it is 3,000 kilometres from the coast of Chile
5 Things are gradually returning to normal.
2 more than 800
6 We were incredibly shocked by the news.
3 volcanic stone
4 about 400 hundred years old
5 no, some of the moai have hats Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 51)
6 no, the moai and hats are made from different types of rock
1
3
2 R, C  3 R, C  4 R, C  5 I, C  6 R, C  7 R, C  8 R, U  9 R, C
1 F (The mystery of Easter Island is not really how people
10 R, U  11 R, C  12 R, C  13 R, C  14 R, C
arrived there, but it is connected to what those people
did – they made huge stone statues.) 2
2T 1 a cook, b cook
3 F (The last statues were probably made about 400 years ago.) 2 a caused, cause
4T 3 a stopped, b stops
5 F (The pukao must have been added after the main figure 4 a email, b email
was carved.) 5 a call, b call
6T 6 a fire, b fire
4 7 a fall, b fall
1 must  2 could  3 must  4 can’t  5 could  6 must 8 a heat, b heat
5 3
1 may have seen  2 can’t have been  3 must have been 1 c  2 e  3 d  4 a  5 b
6 4
1 must have been  2 can’t have been  3 must have had  1 Where did (or does) it happen?
4 might have been  5 might have been  6 could have phoned 2 When did (or does) it happen?
8 3 Who was (or is) involved?
1 c  2 e  3 d  4 b  5 a 4 What happened (or happens) exactly?
5 How did (or does) it happen?
6c (page 48) 6 Why did it (or does) happen?
1 5
Wallabies are eating poppies and then becoming so 1 There is enough information to answer all the questions.
disoriented that they run around in the fields erratically, 1 the north of Taiwan
creating paths that resemble crop circles. 2 October
3 environmentalists, students, campaigners

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 4 A wildlife group monitors the road with the help of local 3
students. 1 Toni works harder than Sandra.
5 Frogs are increasingly under threat as humans move 2 My parents cook better than me.
into their habitat. 3 Toni doesn’t drive as carefully as Sandra.
6 to avoid frog deaths 4 Andrew didn’t pass his exams as easily as Brian.
2 There is enough information to answer all the questions. 5 My brother speaks English worse than my sister.
1 Holland 6 Most people can’t run as fast as Usain Bolt.
2 this month
3 producers 4
4 An unusual new ice cream has been created. 1 the more active I am, the happier I am
5 The main ingredient is camel’s milk. 2 is getting bigger and bigger
6 Camel’s milk has less fat and more vitamins than 3 more and more quickly
normal milk. 4 the bigger the flat, the better it is
5 is getting more and more untidy
6 6 further and further
1 Polynesia  2 Chile  3 Denmark  4 Australia
PERU 7c (page 56)
1
Unit 7 1 Tokyo  2 Dhaka  3 Mumbai  4 São Paulo  5 Delhi
7a (pages 52 and 53) 2
The name refers to 19 cities that will have more than
1 20 million people in the 21st century.
1 blocks  2 residents  3 public transport  4 atmosphere 
5 skyscrapers  6 financial  7 built-up 3
1 b, c  2 a, b  3 a, b
2
Used to can replace the past simple in sentences 1, 2, 4 4
and 5. 1 Tokyo  2 Lagos  3 Mumbai  4 Los Angeles
3 7d (page 57)
1 This area didn’t use to have so many skyscrapers (before).
2 The pollution here used to be much worse than it 1
is now. 1 rent  2 to have  3 walking or to walk  4 to stay  5 prefer 
4 The atmosphere didn’t use to be so relaxed (in the past). 6 watching … reading or to watch ... to read  7 have 
5 There didn’t use to be as many crowded neighbourhoods. 8 ’d prefer
4 2
Would can replace used to in sentences 2 and 5. Possible answers:
2 d I prefer swimming because going to the gym is too tiring.
5 3 g I’d rather / I’d prefer to / I prefer to have one long holiday
1 When I was young, we lived next to my school. because you can travel further.
2 My friends and I would play in the street. 4 c I’d prefer a job nearer home because commuting is very
3 There was a lot of traffic along this road. expensive.
4 I didn’t like my neighbours. 5 e I’d rather / I’d prefer to / I prefer to rent than buy because
5 We wouldn’t go out if it was raining. I’m not sure if I’ll stay here.
7 6 f I prefer reading the news online as it’s more up-to-date.
1, 3 and 4 are true. 7 a I prefer small shops because big stores are less friendly.
2 Timbuktu is a World Heritage Site now. 8 h I prefer driving a small car as it uses less petrol.
5 It was invaded by Moroccan forces in the 16th century.
8
7e (page 58)
1 learning  2 collection  3 law  4 location  5 River  1
6 Camel  7 gold  8 scholars 1 e  2 d  3 a  4 g  5 b  6 f  7 c
2
7b (pages 54 and 55) 1 e, g  2 a, d  3 b, c, f
1 3a
1T 1 as = because
2T 2 like = such as
3 F (It’s a three-hour walk to Matavenero from the nearest
town.) 3b
4 F (Some of the new arrivals find that they have to work 1 As 2 like 3 As 4 like 5 as 6 like
harder than they expected and more than half actually
leave before a year.) Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 59)
2 1
1 They left to move to cities or to other countries. 1 artistic  2 beneficial  3 central  4 coastal 
2 They were looking for a place where they could live better 5 economic  6 energetic  7 factual  8 financial 
than in their large German city. 9 historic  10 musical  11 national  12 natural 
3 Some wanted to live more peacefully, some more cheaply 13 original  14 personal  15 professional  16 romantic 
or less stressfully. 17 traditional  18 typical
4 They grow food, make things to sell locally, some also 2
work in regular jobs. 1 traditional  2 musical  3 historic or romantic  4
financial  5 professional  6 artistic  7 typical  8 national

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 Answer key

3 4
1 A 2 V 3 V 4 A 5 V 6 N 1 I’ve been lying on the beach all day.
2 We’ve been travelling since seven. or We’ve been
4 travelling for eight hours.
1 N 2 A 3 N 4 V 5 V 6 A 3 We’ve been coming here for ten years.
6 4 I’ve been reading this book since I arrived.
1 NewYork  2 estate agent  3 international  4 ger  5 habitat  5 I’ve driven 1,000 kilometres.
6 brick  7 outdoors  8 untidy  9 rent  10 skyscrapers 6 We’ve stayed in three hotels this holiday!
NEIGHBOURS 5
1 How long have you been lying on the beach? All day.
Unit 8 2 How long have you been travelling? Since seven o’clock.
or For eight hours.
8a (pages 60 and 61) 3 How long have you been coming here? For ten years.
1 4 How long have you been reading that book? Since
1 riding  2 playing  3 visiting  4 going  5 hiking  6 lying I arrived.
2
1 trip  2 travelled  3 journeys  4 trips  5 journey  6 travel
8c (page 64)
1
3
low-cost airlines, delays, standards, refreshments, ticket,
1 a  2 a  3 a, b  4 c
package, flexibility, resorts, insurance, toothache
4
2
1 excitement  2 problems  3 half  4 places  5 family 
1 companies/ones/airlines  2 tickets  3 insurance
6 bus
3
5
1 b  2 a  3 b
1 Flying  2 to buy  3 finding out  4 to decide 
5 speaking  6 relaxing  7 to go  8 Staying 4
1 c  2 b  3 d  4 a
6
1 travelling  2 going  3 to take  4 to go  5 to see  5
6 getting  7 Waiting  8 flying  9 Looking 1 and things  2 a few things  3 worst thing 
4 sort of thing  5 best thing  6 important thing
7
1 mentioned  2 wanted  3 happy to  4 imagine  6
5 get tired of  6 worried about  7 look forward to airlines – companies
article – report
8
package deals – package holidays
1 I expected to see my uncle.
budget – low-cost
2 We enjoyed going to the museum.
queries – questions
3 The guide was really good at explaining things.
4 Can you afford to live here all year?
5 I rarely plan to visit new cities. 8d (page 65)
6 We refused to stand for the whole train journey. 1
7 I hope to come back to this hotel next year. 1 baggage allowance  2 boarding card  3 car hire 
9 4 food poisoning  5 hotel room  6 passport control 
1 worrying  2 to have  3 to pack  4 visiting  5 to find  7 travel documents  8 train timetable
6 doing 2
1 train timetable  2 passport control  3 hotel room 
8b (pages 62 and 63) 4 boarding cards  5 baggage allowance 
1 6 food poisoning  7 car hire  8 travel documents
You can: 3
2 go on a tour with a local guide in Monument Valley 1 b  2 f  3 e  4 c  5 a  6 d
3 go up in a hot-air balloon in Monument Valley
5 go sightseeing in the Old Town in Prague 4
6 take a walking tour in London 1 at, at  2 from, from  3 for, For

2 8e (page 66)
1 westerns
2 Navajo families 1a
3 because a trip to Monument Valley is all about the scenery 1 no way  2 wow  3 cool  4 awesome
4 since the 1990s
5 In the last few years, airlines have been adding more 1b
flights and more connections. 1 thx  2 oxox  3 LOL  4 BF  5 GF
6 in tomorrow’s article 1c
3 2 The beach is gorgeous!
1 ’ve/have been walking … ’ve/have seen 3 The journey was exhausting!
2 has been telling … ’s/has met 5 I love it here!
3 ’ve/have been taking … ’s/has just run out 1d
4 ’ve/have been waiting … ’ve/have paid 1 The food here is delicious.
5 ’ve/have been exploring … ’ve/have found 2 I’ve been on a bumpy camel ride.
6 haven’t had … ’ve/have been sightseeing 3 I’ve never been so hot in my life!

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 4 I’m taking it easy today because I did too much yesterday. 5 It’s a tiny Italian box.
5 You’ll find photos in the usual place online. 6 We’ve got some old plastic chairs in the garden.
1e
9b (pages 70 and 71)
1 Weather here fantastic.
2 Lying by the hotel pool since we arrived. 1
3 Thinking of staying an extra week cos it’s so beautiful. 1 special offer  2 purchases  3 afford  4 budget 
4 Have arranged to go on a couple of day trips. 5 value for money  6 goods  7 checkout  8 deals 
5 Had a terrible flight. Long delay, seats uncomfortable 9 in the sales
and no food!
2
2 1 a  2 one or two  3 online banking  4 cash machines 
Model answer: 5 several  6 too many  7 a few  8 a little  9 plenty of 
Hi Sue! 10 the  11 any  12 the world  13 a bit of 
Had a terrible flight. Long delay, seats uncomfortable and no 14 one or two  15 some  16 dates
food! But, anyway, the weather here is fantastic. Never been
so hot in my life! Hotel great – been lying by the hotel pool 3
since we arrived. People seem lovely and food here delicious! 1 It should be unique and secret.
Thinking of staying an extra week cos it’s so beautiful. 2 a security expert
Love, 3 numbers and upper-case letters
Milla 4 the ten most commonly used passwords
4
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 67) 1 I saved a lot of money …
2 … studying, time management is …
1 3 … working as a waitress …
Accommodation: budget hotel, campsite, guest house, 4 … there were too many people there.
youth hostel 5 … in a few minutes.
Things to pack: hand luggage, insect repellent, 6 … gave me (some) really good advice …
money belt, sun cream, travel tablets 7 … buying electrical goods.
At the airport: arrivals hall, baggage reclaim, departure lounge 8 I need a few more days …
2 5a
1 travel tablet  2 insect repellent  3 youth hostel  1 each other  2 yourselves  3 each other  4 each other 
4 campsite  5 baggage reclaim  6 hand luggage  5 each other  6 himself  7 her  8 themselves
7 money belt  8 sun cream
5b
3 1 himself  2 myself  3 each other  4 herself  5 himself 
1 trip, trip  2 travel, travelled, travel 6 each other
4 6a
1 tour  2 voyage  3 tour  4 voyage 1 an  2 reflected  3 and  4 beautiful  5 his  6 looked
5
1 delays  2 sightseeing  3 board games  4 camel  9c (page 72)
5 weather  6 ticket  7 ecotourism  8 destination 2
1 b  2 a  3 c
Unit 9 3
9a (pages 68 and 69) 1 a  2 b,   3 b,  4  5   6 b,   7 c,  
8 c,
1
1 a, b  2 a, b  3 a, c  4 c 4
1 How much did it cost you?
2
2 I’ve spent far too much money today.
1 c  2 b  3 a  4 c  5 b
3 This shirt is much nicer.
3 4 How much of this paper do you need?
1 are being assembled  2 contains  3 will be bought  5 She always uses too much perfume, I think.
4 have been made  5 are used  6 include 6 I haven’t had much time to go shopping recently.
7 has often been associated  8 are being substituted 7 Oh, that’s much too expensive!
8 I can get this much cheaper online.
4
1 lovely = opinion, plain = factual, gold = factual 9d (page 73)
2 beautiful = opinion, traditional = factual, hand-woven =
factual 1
3 gorgeous = opinion, antique = factual, silk = factual 1 Can I look at one?
4 nice = opinion, silver = factual 2 Is it in the sale?
3 I want something more modern.
5 4 Yes. Can I bring it back if my brother doesn’t like it?
1 large, tiny  2 19th century, old 5 Do you work in the dining room section?
3 hand-made, mass-produced  4 blue  5 Italian  6 Have you got the reference number?
6 plastic, wool 7 How much do you charge?
6 8 Yes, you can pay by card or in cash.
1 The factory makes mass-produced plastic toys. 2
2 It’s a 19th century silk wall hanging. 1 in stock  2 tills  3 exchange  4 delivery 
3 We bought a blue wool rug in the sale. 5 reference number  6 receipt … return
4 She usually wears large gold earrings.

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 Answer key

3 5
eighth foreign neighbours sight vehicle whale a coins  b receipt  c earrings  d spices  e till  f rug
g orange juice  h mobile
9e (page 74) CUSTOMER
1
Glass Unit 10
1 both
2 mainly positive
10a (pages 76 and 77)
3 one glass bowl was broken when it arrived 1 had to … you go
4 no 2 could take … would be
DVD player 3 would you miss … would be
1 both 4 moved … would be
2 mainly negative 5 would find … went … would welcome …
3 the cable keeps falling out of the back of the player; the would probably do … would have to
remote control stopped working after two days 6 would be … would love … had
4 no
2
2a 1 would  2 couldn’t  3 would  4 could  5 would 
Glass 6 might  7 would  8 might
they – the bowls
it – the photo 3
they – the company 1 Would you go  2 ’d/would be  3 wouldn’t go 
DVD player 4 paid  5 weren’t  6 ’d/would love 
it – the DVD player 7 ’ll/will probably get  8 drops  9 ’ll/will buy 
they – the seller 10 ’ll/will never happen
them – the seller 4
this – feedback/review 1 clothes  2 car technology  3 food  4 air conditioning 
them – the seller 5 daily routine
2b 5
1 When the bowls came, one of them was in fact broken. 1 woman  2 woman  3 woman  4 woman  5 man  6 man
2 I decided to post this review to warn people not to buy
from this seller. 6
1 wouldn’t enjoy: man
2c 2 ’d/would feel … wore: woman
1 The jumper fits me perfectly and I love the colour. I think 3 lived … ’d/would get: woman
it is good value for money. 4 ’d/would avoid … got up: woman
2 The cleaner came with some instructions, but they aren’t
in English so we can’t understand them. 7
3 When the courier brought my package, I wasn’t at home 1 
d 2 a 3 b 4 c
so they left it with my neighbour.
4 I ordered this bag online. But when it came, it wasn’t 10b (pages 78 and 79)
what I expected.
1
3 1 Body Heat  2 Cold Water  3 Hot Air 
Model answers: 4 High Altitude  5 Diving Deep  6 Lack of Oxygen 
I bought the latest Star Trek movie on DVD from this seller. 7 Blood Loss  8 Starvation  9 Dehydration
When it came, I noticed it was scratched. It didn’t play, so I
2
emailed the seller and they sent me a replacement DVD. The
1 45 days  2 7 days  3 10 minutes  4 40 per cent 
replacement is fine, but I don’t think
5 42°C  6 bigger lungs and more red blood cells
I can recommend this seller.
3
I ordered a pair of these leather boots because they were on
1 The nurses who/that looked after me were very professional.
special offer. I’m very pleased with them because they are
2 The operation (which/that) I had was quite a simple
a perfect fit and the leather is good quality. All in all, I’m
procedure.
happy to recommend this product.
3 The injection (which/that) the nurse gave me didn’t hurt
much.
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 75) 4 The nearest chemist’s which/that opens late is in the town
1 centre.
1 world-famous actor, brand, street 5 The doctor who/that works in our local surgery is great.
2 deadly-looking knife, weapon 6 The ankle (which/that) I broke last year still hurts.
3 hand-dyed leather, silk 4
4 eight-year-old boy, child 1 b That’s the patient (who) I read about.
2 2 d This is a new kidney which was grown in a laboratory.
1 paper  2 Hand  3 two  4 full  5 vacuum  6 old  7 24  3 c Athletics is one of the Paralympic sports (which) most
8 life people have seen.
4 e I talked to the surgeon who operated on me.
3 5 f That’s the hospital where they do heart transplants.
Possible answers: 6 a It was midday when I came out of hospital.
borrow: b, c, d
merchant: b, c
mass-produced: a, c, d

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 6 1b
1 a  2 c  3 c  4 a  5 c  6 b He’s asking Jack if he should take part in an
ultramarathon. He asks Jack because Jack knows him
10c (page 80) better than anyone.
1 1c
b 1 of course
2 2 By the way, Incidentally, To be honest
Both the film and the photo are about brain activity/power. 3 Anyway, In fact, Naturally, Obviously, Of course, Well
4 Anyway, Even so, Of course
3
1 They look at how films deal with science. 2
2 The main idea of the film is that we only use 20 per cent of 1 I don’t know what I would do in your position.
our brain power. 2 Even so, if you have the right training, you can do it.
3 The main character takes a special pill that lets him use 3 As I understand it, you will do the race next year if you
100 per cent of his brain power. decide to do it.
4 He writes a book. He learns to speak Italian. He becomes 4 That will give you plenty of time to prepare and to see if it
a master of martial arts. is a good idea.
5 I’m sure you won’t regret it.
4 6 By the way, we’ll probably call in and visit you next
1 true  2 functions  3 hidden  4 inefficient  5 limitless month, if we go to Scotland.
5 3
The three things the character did are things which we Model answer:
could all manage to do – if we used our own limitless brain Hi Ali
power more efficiently. I’m sorry it’s taken me a while to reply to your email. I’ve
6 been thinking about what you said, of course!
1 b  2 a  3 d To be honest, I’ve never been faced with this kind of
situation, so I don’t know what I would do in your position.
7 You are the only person who knows what your body is
1 invite  2 steal  3 lead  4 borrow  5 carry  6 react  capable of. Obviously, doing a race like that is going to be
7 travel  8 have a massive challenge. Even so, if you have the right training
8 you can do it.
1 h  2 d  3 e  4 a  5 f  6 c  7 g  8 b As I understand it, you will do the race next year if you
decide to do it. That will give you plenty of time to prepare
10d (page 81) and to see if it is a good idea or not. It seems like a great
1 opportunity, so if I was you I would seriously consider it.
1 He’s been stung by a wasp. Well, it’s up to you in the end. I’m sure you won’t regret it,
2 She’s cut herself / her finger. though.
3 He’s fallen off his skateboard. By the way, we’ll probably call in and visit you next month
4 He’s got food poisoning. if we go to Scotland. I’ll let you know a couple of days in
5 He’s fallen off the wall. advance. If you haven’t made up your mind, we can talk
6 She’s tripped up. about the ultramarathon a bit more then.
Regards
2 Jack
1 b, e, f  2 c, e, f  3 c, f  4 a, c, d, e  5 a, c, e, f  6 a, c, d, e, f
3 Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 83)
1 d  2 f  3 b  4 g  5 c  6 e  7 a
1
4 1 thoughtful  2 careful  3 cheerful  4 powerful 
You can use these beginnings with all the endings except 5 harmful  6 useful  7 beautiful  8 stressful
ignore. The verb is in the infinitive.
If I were you; You should; I would/wouldn’t; You’d better; 2
Why don’t you 1 stressful  2 successful  3 thoughtful 
For example: 4 peaceful  5 wonderful  6 colourful
get it looked at; go to A&E; keep an eye on it; put some 6
antihistamine cream on it Possible answers:
You can use these beginnings with all the endings except 1 an insect which can sting you
ignore. The verb is in the -ing form. 2 something a mosquito could do to you
It might be worth; It’s probably best; Have you tried 3 something which could cut you
For example: 4 a person who treats illness
getting it X-rayed; going to see the doctor; putting 5 a person who has to leave their home because of war
antihistamine cream on it; washing it 6 a race which is 26 miles (42 kilometres) long
I wouldn’t goes logically with ignore: 7 a person who travels in space
I wouldn’t ignore it.
5
1 quick and easy  2 name and address  3 big and small Unit 11
4 black and white  5 nice and friendly  6 young and old 11a (pages 84 and 85)
10e (page 82) 1
1 sports pages  2 business section  3 world news 
1a 4 national news  5 comment and analysis 
Incorrect options: 1 However; 2 All the same; 3 Actually; 6 entertainment  7 politics and society  8 front page
4 By the way, Incidentally; 5 before I forget

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 Answer key

2 11c (page 88)

1 Richard Leakey is a Kenyan conservationist.
2 Paula Kahumbu is the Chief Executive of WildlifeDirect. 1
1 teen  2 three  3 87
3 2
1 c  2 b  3 c  4 c  5 b who, three, salt, name, give, stand, new, yellow, I, two, five
4 3
1 The presenter said (that) good news never made the 1 T  2 T  3 F (He analysed 200 words.) 
headlines. 4 F (Some of the words we use most frequently have hardly
2 Jo Makeba said (that) social media had developed. changed their sounds and forms.)  5 T
3 The presenter asked what exactly WildlifeDirect was.
4 The presenter said (that) she remembered hearing the 4
story about the gorillas. The computer takes a lot less time to look at the data. It
5 Jo Makeba said (that) she thought that was a small also highlights patterns that might be difficult to see.
minority. 5
6 Jo Makeba said (that) Paula had also been involved in a 1 c  2 a  3 b, c
series of wildlife documentaries.
6
5 1 Time  2 the time  3 have time  4 time  5 years’ time 
1 You said (that) you didn’t watch the news. 6 all the time  7 spend time  8 modern times
2 You told me (that) you knew how to upload photos.
3 You asked me if I had seen that programme before. 11d (page 89)
4 You said (that) the documentary had just finished. 1
5 You said (that) you would tell me when the news a This is a message for Nils Davis. A
came on. b I’m afraid Dan’s in a meeting.
6 You asked me if I could help you download that video. c It’s about the delivery of phone chargers. A
d My name’s Jill and I’m on 07956841. A
6
e Can I take a message?
1 b  2 d  3 f  4 a  5 c  6 e
f Yes, who’s calling?
g I’ll try and call you later. A
11b (pages 86 and 87) h I’ll let him know that you rang.
1 2
1 a  2 e  3 b, c  4 d  5 f 1 b  2 e  3 f  4 h

2 3a
1 While phones could talk to phones, and computers 1 I … you  2 you … me  3 I … my  4 you … me your 
could talk to computers, you couldn’t send a simple text 5 him  6 her
message between the two systems.
2 He wrote the software that allows phones and computers 11e (page 90)
to communicate with each other. 1
3 If you download the free software online, you won’t need b
to use the internet.
4 Any organization that wants to use text messaging can 2
use it. a
a after but most of them only need to read it (paragraph 2)
3 b after There are several main reasons why people decide to
economical, freely available, reliable, simple improve their English skills. (paragraph 1)
c after Often, companies say English is a requirement for new
4 employees. (paragraph 2)
1 signal  2 network  3 send a text message 
4 internet connection  5 write software  6 cable  b
7 downloading … online  8 keyboard  9 contact list  1 c  2 d  3 b  4 a
10 launch a website 3
1 In addition,  2 For example,  3 To sum up, 
5 4 I believe that  5 These days,
1 Ken Banks promised he would find a solution.
2 The company invited Ken Banks to tell them about his 4
ideas. Starting a paragraph
3 The phone company offered to give all their customers ten Finally,
free texts. Firstly,
4 The website asked the public to donate text In conclusion,
messages. Nowadays,
5 The doctor told the patients not to be late for These days,
appointments. To sum up,
6 The officials reminded all hospitals to make arrangements Giving your opinion
for their visits the following week. I believe (that)
I think (that)
6 In my opinion,
1 didn’t realize ... couldn’t  2 didn’t know … worked Contrasting opinions
3 thought … could  4 wondered … ’d/had sent I disagree (with)
On the other hand,
Some people say (that)

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 Giving examples 4 If Dian Fossey hadn’t studied mountain gorillas,
For example, most of them would have been killed.
For instance, she wouldn’t have been murdered.
such as 5 If Wangari Maathai hadn’t won the Nobel Peace Prize,
many people wouldn’t have heard of her.
5
thousands of Kenyan women wouldn’t have had
The sentences match title a.
an income.
1 c  2 a  3 d  4 b
6 2
Model answers: 1 Millions of boys wouldn’t have got into books if JK
Nowadays, lots of people study English using technology. Rowling hadn’t written the Harry Potter stories.
They use computers, laptop and their phones. In my opinion, JK Rowling wouldn’t have become a millionaire if she
technology helps students a lot. hadn’t written the Harry Potter stories.
Firstly, students can watch videos and read newspapers 2 Personal computers wouldn’t have become so popular if
easily online. In addition, they can do courses online. Tim Berners-Lee hadn’t invented the internet.
In traditional courses, they can communicate with their teacher Social networking wouldn’t have been possible if Tim
outside the classroom by email. Berners-Lee hadn’t invented the internet.
Secondly, it’s easy to speak to other people using 3 Antibiotics wouldn’t have been developed if Alexander
technology. There are special apps that connect students in Fleming hadn’t discovered penicillin.
different countries. Millions of people would have died from infections if
In conclusion, all these reasons show that it is easier for Alexander Fleming hadn’t discovered penicillin.
English students than it used to be. I think it will continue to 4 Most mountain gorillas would have been killed if Dian
get easier as more apps are developed. Fossey hadn’t studied them.
Dian Fossey wouldn’t have been murdered if she hadn’t
Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 91) studied mountain gorillas.
5 Many people wouldn’t have heard of Wangari Maathai if
1
she hadn’t won the Nobel Peace Prize.
1 switch off  2 come up with  3 keep up with 
Thousands of Kenyan women wouldn’t have had an
4 find out  5 turn up  6 set up  7 sign out of 
income if Wangari Maathai hadn’t won the Nobel Peace Prize.
8 sum up  9 catch up  10 reach out to
3
2
1 If JK Rowling hadn’t become unemployed, she wouldn’t
1 out of  2 up with  3 out  4 up  5 up  6 up with
have started writing.
5 2 Tim Berners-Lee wouldn’t have worked on hypertext
1 translators  2 dictionaries  3 vocabulary practice  if he hadn’t wanted to share information with
4 grammar practice  5 practice exams other researchers.
3 If Alexander Fleming had cleaned his dishes, penicillin
6 wouldn’t have grown on them.
1 text  2 broadband  3 software  4 media  5 headline  4 Dian Fossey would never have gone to Africa if a friend
6 news  7 viral  8 signal hadn’t invited her on a safari.
5 If Wangari Maathai hadn’t started the Green Belt movement,
W T L R G O P E T E millions of trees wouldn’t have been planted in Kenya.
H E A D L I N E V Y 4
1 antibiotics, Fleming
C X R P I N E N I S 2 Harry Potter films, JK Rowling
I T S O F T W A R E 3 forward slashes after ‘http’, Tim Berners-Lee
4 Dian Fossey, her murder
P W U Q P Z S V A A
5
R S K T T I A M L S 1 a  2 b  3 b  4 b  5 a  6 a  7 b  8 b

L C A Z L L Q E G L 12b (pages 94 and 95)

T S I G N A L D D C 1
1 b  2 a  3 d  4 e  5 c
Q B G Z N M U I I T
2
U B R O A D B A N D 1 As masses of people relocated throughout Cambodia, they
often created communities and farmland that affected
elephant habitat.
Unit 12 At the same time, with rain forests shrinking, hungry
12a (pages 92 and 93) elephants came onto farmland, destroying crops.
Desperately poor farmers fought back, killing elephants to
1 protect their land and livelihood.
1 c, h  2 f, i  3 a, d  4 e, g  5 b, j 2 They were essential in the construction of the Angkor Wat
1 If JK Rowling hadn’t written the Harry Potter stories, temple and are depicted in honour on its walls.
millions of boys wouldn’t have got into books. 3 When farmers were arrested for clearing the forest, they
she wouldn’t have become a millionaire. could no longer feed their families.
2 If Tim Berners-Lee hadn’t invented the internet, (The government had still not established schools in
personal computers wouldn’t have become so popular. these areas and) farmers were very concerned that their
social networking wouldn’t have been possible. children could not read or write.
3 If Alexander Fleming hadn’t discovered penicillin,
antibiotics wouldn’t have been developed. 3
millions of people would have died from infections. 1 a, b  2 a, c  3 b, c  4 a, b  5 c

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 Answer key

4 2
1 Cambodia’s elephants could have died out completely. g
2 In theory, the conflict between people and animals
shouldn’t have happened. 3
3 The Cambodians couldn’t have built Angkor Wat without a And finally, be patient with them when they speak
using elephants. English. If you never try to learn a language yourself,
4 Conservation efforts should have re-established respect then you try taking a short course so that you know
for elephants. how it feels! (2)
5 Conservationists should have paid more attention to b Find out if there is anything your student can’t eat, either for
human needs. religious reasons or because they really dislike a particular
6 The government should have provided schools. food item or plate. I don’t like eggs, for example. (2)
c Make sure that you explain your household and family
5 rules very clearly at the begginning. (1)
1 You should have studied harder. d Respect their privacy in spite of they are in your home.
2 Someone could have broken in. For the duration of their stay, their bedroom is there own
3 He should have taken his tablets. private space. (2)
4 You should have bought a bigger one. e Talk to your student about life in the student’s own
5 We couldn’t have done it without her. country. This helps you to anticipate what problems the
6 You should have used your GPS. student might have during the student’s visit. (3)
f Treat the student as you would expect your own child to
12c (page 96) be treated if they are abroad. (1)
g We’ve had quite a few foreign students to stay since the
1
last few years and each time it was been a different, but
c
enjoyable, experience. If you’re thinking about becoming
2 a host family, here are a few tips for you. (2)
1 polar bear, lion h You can ask your student to help with things as setting the
2 chameleon, octopus table if that’s what your own children do, but don’t expect
3 It squirts a cloud of black ink at the predator. them to help you with the homework. (2)
4 The octopus took it out of the jar.
5 The octopus got into their tank and ate them. 4
6 They saw a trail of water on the floor. Model answer:
Tips for host families
3 We’ve had quite a few foreign students to stay in the
1 c  2 c  3 b last few years and each time it has been a different, but
4 enjoyable, experience. If you’re thinking about becoming a
1 surfing  2 on  3 crazy  4 to  5 back  6 hungry  host family, here are a few tips for you.
7 away  8 out Treat the student as you would expect your own child to be
treated if they were abroad.
5 Respect their privacy even though they are in your home.
1 going for a walk  2 gone for lunch  3 going for a coffee For the duration of their stay, their bedroom is their own
4 go for a run  5 go for a swim  6 go for a pizza private space.
Make sure that you explain your household and family
12d (page 97) rules very clearly at the beginning.
Find out if there is anything your student can’t eat, either
1
for religious reasons or because they really dislike a
1 help MA  2 things AA  3 trouble MA  4 accident AA
particular food item or dish.
2 You can ask your student to help with things like setting the
1 e  2 c  3 f  4 b  5 a  6 d table if that’s what your own children do, but don’t expect
them to help you with housework.
4 Talk to your student about life in their own country. This
1 Not only did you forget to ring me, but you also switched helps you to anticipate what problems they might have
off your phone. during their visit.
2 Not only did she lose my umbrella, but she also forgot to And finally, be patient with them when they speak
tell me. English. If you’ve never tried to learn a language yourself,
3 Not only did he break my vase, but he also then you could try taking a short course, so that you know
didn’t apologize. how it feels!
4 Not only did they arrive late, but they also brought
uninvited guests.
5 Not only did the octopus work out how to get into the jar, Wordbuilding / Learning skills / Check! (page 99)
but it also ate the prawn. 1
6 Not only did the scientist win the competition, but she 1 inaccurate  2 inconclusive  3 incredible  4 ineffective 
also started a successful business. 5 inefficient  6 unexpected  7 inexpensive  8 unnecessary 
9 inoffensive  10 impatient  11 impolite  12 impossible 
12e (page 98) 13 intolerant  14 untrue
1a
1 vocabulary  2 style  3 linking words  4 grammar  2
5 spelling  6 relevance 1 c  2 b  3 c  4 a  5 b  6 c

1b 4
1 photos/pictures, trip  2 He, His 1 tent  2 sword  3 suitcase  4 octopus  5 chicken
3 although  4 would never have gone 6 sledge  7 grain
5 families TRACKER

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 IELTS practice test Reading
Listening 1 TRUE  It covers online shopping ... shopping by
1 B  they’ve got the full programme of events fixed now phone
2 A  But I’m going to get tickets for the film 2 TRUE  you must get written confirmation of this
information after you have made your purchase
3 September  The opening night is September 20th
3 TRUE  you can get a refund if things aren’t delivered
4 0967 990776
on the agreed date
5 (a/the) (local) bank  there’s a commercial sponsor – it’s
4 FALSE  If no delivery date is given, ...
a local bank
5 FALSE  The usual rules that apply to shopping in
6 (a/the) musical  Like on Monday there’s a musical in
person also apply to distance selling
the City Hall
6 FALSE  If you buy something without face-to-face
7 (the) sports centre  but it’s at the sports centre
contact, you will usually have a ‘cooling-off’ period
8 poetry (evening)  it’s a poetry evening
7 TRUE  you will usually have a ‘cooling-off’ period of
9 (£)12.75  £12.75 for students seven working days
10 (the/some) fireworks  just the fireworks in the city park 8 FALSE  It lets you cancel the order for any reason
11 B  come along at one o’clock any Wednesday. Spaces 9 NOT GIVEN
on the tour are limited to twenty-five
10 FALSE  You don’t have this cancellation right: if the
12 C  teachers must … phone to agree a time in advance item is perishable, e.g. food or flowers
13 A  so college groups would pay £75 for the shorter tour 11 viii  you are quite within your rights to … return the
14 A  though there is a small shop selling souvenirs goods and get a full refund
15 D  There’s also a lecture room which groups can book 12 vi  You may be required to bear the cost of returning
for an extra charge the goods
16 1748  came to London to work ... in 1748. 13 iii  your only obligations are to make the goods
17 army  1760 ... when he became a surgeon in the army accessible for collection
18 teaching museum  gave the name ‘teaching museum’ 14 iv  It would be impossible for you to do this without
to his collection opening the box or bag
19 500  with 500 species of plants and animals represented 15 ix  you need to ensure that things are of good quality
20 (the) government  in 1799 the collection was purchased and work properly
by the government 16 ii  if you see that you have paid for goods you didn’t
21 statement  A statement of aims is the correct term buy, you can ask the card company for the money back
22 information sheet  it’s good to prepare an information 17 C  the site ... did not look particularly promising
sheet for participants 18 B  It has the potential to give us a glimpse into an
23 statistics/(statistical) data  I want the project to have unknown part of world history
statistical data, not just to be a collection of opinions 19 C  The dig was ordered after Aboriginal groups voiced
24 C  costs ... as we don’t have a budget, it’s not concerns
something you need to include. 20 B  claiming that the bridge will not destroy or
25 A  I do need to know your criteria for choosing who to disturb it
interview 21 stone  They’re stone artefacts
26 B  not essential at the proposal stage on this project, 22 wild cherries  wild cherries were the main thing to be
but ... include them because it could save time later gathered in the area
27 C  I’m going to be giving you a template to use, so 23 1,440  they found 1,440 artefacts
there’s no need to go into that in the proposal 24 cutting  they’re used for day-to-day living, cutting
28 A  M: You only need a few, chosen randomly. 25 National Heritage  One local politician has called for
29 B  Sarah: ... twenty a day  the site to be National Heritage listed.
M: ... at the end of each day’s interviewing then 26 B  inland caves were occupied
30 C  I’ll only use the information for my research – that 27 E  Coastal rubbish pits date back only 5,000–6,000 years
I won’t pass it on to anyone else ... the only promise 28 map  to draw the first accurate map
I’m making
29 leader  Harold Raeburn was the leader … George
31 135  covering an area of 135 square kilometres Mallory took over
32 (phosphate) mining  the most significant economic 30 wind  forced to retreat by the extremely strong wind
activity is currently mining
31 oxygen  the climbers experimented with breathing
33 bat  have died out, as has one species of bat bottled oxygen
34 14  the island’s 14 crab species 32 avalanche  a severe avalanche … made any further
35 Expert Working Group  a report from the Expert progress impossible
Working Group it has set up 33 8,573 metres  getting to … an altitude of 8,573 metres
36 leaves  the crabs’ diet is largely made up of leaves 34 time  the two men simply did not have sufficient time
37 solitary  alone in its burrow, and so is actually quite 35 TRUE  It was a bitter disappointment
solitary
36 FALSE  he had never done any climbing before on
38 dry  stays there most of the time, especially during the either rock, snow or ice
dry season
37 FALSE  Shipton was greatly encouraged
39 November  it’s usually sometime in November
38 NOT GIVEN
40 bridges  even constructing bridges for the crabs
39 TRUE  They would have made it but for a huge gap in
the ice nearly 100 metres wide which it was impossible
to go around or climb across.
40 NOT GIVEN

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