Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Subject Module: Navigation Aid Maintenance
Subject Code: AVT – 423/4127
I. Module Title: Dependent Position Determining Systems
II. Learning Outcomes:
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME (CLO)
CLO 1: Apply the theoretical
understanding on how the MODULE LEARNING OUTCOME
Philippine air regulation (MLO)
contributes on this side of MLO 1. The students will be TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOME (TLO)
practical subject of Navigational
able to tell the ILS will send
Aid Maintenance.
to the flight crew or Autopilot TLO 3. Discuss the various
signals for optimum descent Maintenance External visit
CLO 3: Demonstrate and apply
path for landing. Cockpit Station/Cockpit
the knowledge, techniques, skills preparation.
on modern tools used in
MLO 2. The students will be
electronics engineering TLO 4. Identify common
technology-avionics program. able to tell the three types of
areas and materials that are
marker beacons on an ILS. prompt from the workplace
CLO 4: Explain the standard for an accident and explain
practices dealing with the what safety measures are
different types of Navigation aid taken to prevent it.
instrument. TLO. 5. Identify and explain
the different types system
CLO 5: Review and Explain the we need to consider under
Radio communication system on Navigation General System.
how radio instrument and
equipment works on an aircraft.
TLO. [Link] how to
determine the maintenance
CLO 6: Remember and assess tasks and how to find default
avionics terminology, airplane
messages in the cockpit to
structures, electrical theory, and
allow flight mechanic to have
system operations.
a specific test in line or in
base maintenance area.
CLO 8: Performed of completed
Laboratory investigations to
positively enhance manipulative,
analytical and lookup
competencies with the given
assigned task in the academic
class.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
III. Table of Contents
A. Dependent Position Determining Systems 2 20
B. ILS AND MARKER SYSTEM 4 40
C. HEAD-UP DISPLAY 8 25
D. RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEM 10 40
E. Review for EFIS 16 20
F. V. a. Learning Activity No. 5 18 40
G. VI. a. Online Quiz No. 5 18 40
VI. b. Assignment No. 5 18 40
VII. References 19 -
VIII. Recitation: 20 30
IX. Honesty Clause 22 5
Prepared by: Mr. Juri Fiel Kane P. Catungal
IV. Content
Module Discussion:
(NOTE) The presentation on Google sheets or Power-point will be sent or shared
through google classroom or sent on a group chat in Messenger Application.
Confirmation of received presentation will be sent via screenshot sent with the
assignment. All of the information below was from the e-books and sites
mentioned on the reference part of this module.
A.
The navigation systems that require external inputs of the aircraft to
operate are: the landing aids systems, the dependent position
determining systems and the Head-Up Display (HUD) system. They
include:
- ILS,
- marker system,
- GPS,
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
- ATC/Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)/Traffic
and Terrain
Collision Avoidance System (T2CAS) as option,
- DME,
- ADF,
- VOR.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
B. ILS AND MARKER SYSTEM
The ILS sends to the flight crew or Autopilot (AP) signals for optimum descent
path for landing. The ILS signal reception is done in part by the Multi-Mode
Receiver (MMR). The system gives lateral guidance and vertical guidance to
the aircraft approaching the runway.
The marker beacon system is a radio navigation aid that, in conjunction with
an instrument landing system, indicates the distance between the A/C and
the runway threshold. The marker function is done inside the VOR receivers,
but it is only active in VOR 1. There are three
types of marker beacons:
- the outer marker,
- the middle marker,
- the inner marker.
When the aircraft goes over the beacons, the marker beacon information is
displayed flashing on the PFDs, with related audio
signals.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Typically, the Cyan colored indicates the Final Approach Fix and located
in about 1NM (1.85 Km) inside the point where the glideslope intercepts
the intermediate altitude . Then the Amber colored warning indicated 0.5
– 0.8 NM before the runway threshold. And lastly the Inner marker
flashes white light .
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
LANDING AIDS CONTROL AND INDICATING
The ILS information is displayed on the PFDs as 2 scales. One horizontal scale
for the localizer signal and one vertical scale for the Glide Slope (G/S) signal.
Note that for redundancy:
- ILS 1 is displayed on PFD 1 and ND 2,
- ILS 2 is displayed on PFD 2 and ND 1.
See the image below
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
C. HEAD-UP DISPLAY
The HUD is an optional flying aid system, which gives to the pilot an image
superimposed on the outside world in his field of view. This aid is based on the
principle of symbol projection on an external combiner, mainly composed of a flat
sheet of glass.
The objectives of the HUD are :
- to supply guidance information on the ground, at take-off and landing in
conditions of reduced visibility;
- to give information to the pilot for visual approach on airfields without Instrument
Landing System (ILS);
- to monitor the automatic approach operations.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
HEAD-UP DISPLAY CONTROL
The HUD system is composed of one HUD set (giving head up data for the CAPT).
The HUD is composed of:
- one Head-Up Computer (HUDC),
- one Head-Up Projection Unit (HPU),
- one Head-Up Combiner Unit (HCU) and,
- one HUD Control Panel.
The HUDC is installed in the avionics bay 86VU.
It is used:
- to centralize the source data from the aircraft systems,
- to send the necessary data to the HPU.
The HPU is installed inside the cockpit above the Captain.
It is used to project the image towards the HCU. The projected image is sent to the
HCU by the HPU optical lenses.
The HCU is installed inside the cockpit in front of the Captain forward field of view.
It is used to reflect the image projected by the HPU towards the pilot while the
forward field of view remains visible through the combiner.
One HUD Control Panel on 131VU in the cockpit left hand side is composed of:
- A HUD potentiometer used to switch ON/OFF the HUD,
- A DECLUTTER pushbutton switch used to change the display,
- And an X WIND switch also used to change the display.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
According to the flight configuration, different displays can be shown to the [Link] is an
example of HUD image during take off.
D. RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEM
The A/C has the following equipment installed:
- two VOR/marker receivers,
- two DMEs interrogators,
- two MMRs: ILS and GPS,
- two ADFs receivers.
NORMAL TUNING
The Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs) contain the
navigation computer function that calculates the aircraft position. The
FMGCs tune the radio navigation receivers automatically and use the
navigation info from these receivers for display and also in background
for A/C position computation. The Jeppesen database is loaded in the
FMGCs. This information includes: station identifiers, and specific
information (frequency, identification and coordinates) about the
station.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Access to the MCDU RADIO NAV page lets the crew manually tune the
radio navigation receivers, via the FMGCs for display. Manual tuning
overrides automatic tuning.
BACKUP TUNING
Radio Management Panel (RMP) 1 and 2 are capable of tuning the own side
Navigation receivers in backup mode if both FMGCs have failed or both
MCDUs have failed and manual tuning is needed by the crew.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
RADIO NAVIGATION CONTROL and INDICATING
The EFIS control panel mode switches control what type of information is shown to the flight
crew on the ND. They are located on both sides of the glareshield. The toggle switches on the
EFIS control panel enable the display of the VOR or ILS pointers on the ND. RMPs are located
on the center pedestal.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
ND MODES
There are five different ND modes that can be selected via the EFIS control panels. These
modes are the PLAN, ARC, NAV, VOR, and ILS modes.
A. VOR Principle
THE VOR system is a medium-range radio navigation aid. This system
receives, decodes and processes bearing information from the omni-
directional ground station, working in the frequency range of 108MHz
to 117.95MHz. Each ground stations generates a reference phase signal
and a variable phase signal. The phase difference between these
signals . called bearing, is functioning as the aircraft position with
respect to the ground station. These VOR station provides a Morse
identification which identifies the station
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
E. Review for EFIS
For the EFIS displays, data from the Air Data and Inertial
Reference System (ADIRS) plus navigation data from the Flight
Management and Guidance System (FMGS) is fed directly to the
DMCs. The DMCs then process the data and generate the images
to display
(images generated by displays in the A318).
Under normal circumstances:
- DMC 1 supplies the CAPT EFIS displays,
- DMC 2 supplies the F/O EFIS displays,
- DMC 3 is available as a backup.
EFIS CONTROL AND INDICATING
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Flight parameters are displayed on the PFDs while navigation data is displayed on
the NDs.
Outboard of the PFDs, there are control knobs to adjust the brightness of the
associated PFD and ND, and to turn the displays off.
Two EFIS control panels are used to select what is displayed on the EFIS screens.
The EFIS control panels are divided into two sections, one section associated with
the PFD and the other one with the ND. Just below the ECAM screens, on the center
pedestal, there is a switching panel with, on the right, 2 rotary selectors to restore
data to the EFIS and ECAM displays in abnormal operation.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
V. Learning Activity No. 5
I. Lecture Instructions: Write your full name, the subject, your course, year, the date
of submission of the activity, the activity number or the assignment number and the
module topic it follows.
Name: C/Y/S: Date of Submission
Act No./Assign No.: Module No.
Content
Subject code/name: Page No.
a. What can you think the importance of being familiar on how marker beacon
works?
b. What can you think is the importance of having 2 identical instrument or
equipment installed on an aircraft ?
VI. a. Online Quiz No. 5
Instructions: This will be given on every second meeting of the week through google
meet and other assessment applications.
VI. b. Assignment No. 5
Instructions: Write your full name, the subject, your course, year, the date of
submission of the activity, the activity number or the assignment number and the
module topic it follows.
1. What did you learn and give the importance of this module for a future
employee and is it useful to know these?
2. As a student, would this module help you on your future profession?
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
VII. References: All Website links are all available in the internet.
E-books and PDF documents and PowerPoint presentations related to the subject will be shared to
the Google drive.
Avionics Fundamentals by Jeppesen
ATA 34 A320/A321/A319
Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook Airframe Volume 2, FAA-H 8083-31(2012)
[Link]
VIII. Recitation:
Instructions: Review the whole module, each student will be given at least 2 questions
from the module. In order to pass, the student should answer two correct questions.
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Rubrics
Criteria Inadequate Adequate
Above Exemplary Score
65%-74% 75%-84%
Average 93%-100%
85%-92%
Information Information Accurate Accurate Accurate
Gathering taken from information information information
only one taken from a taken from a taken from
source couple of couple of several
and/or sources but sources in a sources in a
information not systematic systematic
not accurate. systematically. manner. manner.
Materials- Inappropriate Appropriate Appropriate Appropriate
construction materials materials materials materials
were were selected. were were
selected and selected and selected
contributed there was and
to a product an attempt creatively
that at creative modified in
performed modification ways that
poorly. to make made them
them even even better.
better.
Completion Several of All but two of All but one All
the problems the problems of the problems
are not are completed. problems are
completed. are completed.
completed.
Strategy/Procedures Rarely uses Sometimes Typically, Typically,
an effective uses an uses an uses an
strategy to effective effective efficient and
solve strategy to strategy to effective
problems. solve solve the strategy to
problems, but problem(s). solve the
does not do it problem(s).
consistently.
Grade:
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
Honesty Clause
This honesty clause establishes a fundamental social contract within which the
College community agrees to live. This contract relies on the conviction that the
personal and academic integrity of each individual member strengthens and
improves the quality of life for the entire community. It recognizes the importance of
honesty, trust, fairness, respect, and responsibility and wishes these principles to be
a defining part of Philippine State College of Aeronautics
The Institute of Engineering and Technology values and fosters an environment of
academic and personal integrity, supporting the ethical standards of the engineering
profession, where we design and build for the benefit and safety of society and our
environment.
I agree that the submission of any academic work shall constitute a representation
on my part both that such work has been done, and its submission is being made, in
compliance with honesty and integrity. Furthermore, my responsibility includes
taking action when I have witnessed or am aware of another’s act of academic
dishonesty.
Students Name and Signature
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.
Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City
2nd Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021
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AVT 4217 – Navigation Aid Maintenance / Module No.