Module 8:

Building Services PLASTER

 Composition of gypsum, lime, water, sand,
4 MAJOR MATERIALS sometimes hair/fiber
 Siteworks/foundation  Interior plastering, gypsum-based
 T&M Protection/Roofing
 Openings – B&W, Glass  Cement Plastering
 Plaster method that uses cement
 Rough In – initial building works  Veneer plasterboard
 Building services  Shortest
 Also called thin-coat plaster
BUILDING SERVICES  Ready-mixed gypsum plaster applied as a
 Cold Water and Supply very thin, one or two coat finish over a
 Available water supply veneer base
 Tank storage  Shaft Walls
 Needs an assigned area  Used to enclose vertical openings that
 Hot Water extend through multiple floors of a
 Process, manufacture within the system building
 Heating  Elevator shafts must be able to withstand
 Ventilation air pressure and suction loads
 Air conditioning  Designed to prevent the noise of the
 Fuel/Gas elevator machinery
 LPG Fuel, gasoline, oil  Partition Framing
 Assign a space for each  Framed with metal studs or wood studs
 Drainage System/Stolen Drainage  Gypsum/plaster partition
 Sewage Treatment (Soil drainage)  Analogous to wood light framing but
 Waste management constructed of light gauge steel studs and
 Fixtures and Appliances, equipment tracks made of galvanized steel sheet
 Electrical metal
 Electronics/Communication  Non-load bearing partitions must be
isolated from movements
 Mechanical
 Used deflection tracks to isolate the
 Fire Protection
partition from movement
 Security – CCTV, Security Room
 Furring
 Accommodation of Building Services
 Attaching wood strips or metal channel to
 Garbage chute/shaft
a wall or other surfaces, as to provide an
 Renewable Energy even base for lath or a finish material or
 Solar power provide an air space, between a wall and
 Automation finish material
 Automatic garage door, smart lights,  Lath
 Landscaping  Any number of suitable surfaces for
 Irrigation, lighting, landscape furniture reducing plasterwork as a gypsum lath,
metal lath, masonry and brickwork
 Screed

Module 9:
Finishes
  A thin layer of material that is placed on
top of a concrete subfloor. Usually, screed
consists of cement and sharp sand
 Corner Bead

GYPSUM BOARD
 Most used interior wall and ceiling finish in all
types of buildings
 strong, fire-protective cover
 can be finished with paint, wallpaper,
wood paneling and so on
 Synonymous names: drywall, wallboard,
gypsum wallboard (GWB), plasterboard,
sheet rock
 Has calcium sulfate dihydrate – rocklike
mineral found on earth’s surface
 Gypsum Lath
 Gypsum core plaster, which is
sandwiched between specially treated
paper faces
 Weather-resistant exterior gypsum soffit board
 Sizes
 4x8, 4x9, 4x10, 4x12
 Types of Gypsum Board Panels
 Type R (regular boards) – standard boards
 Type X – more fire-resistive, contains
noncombustible fibers mixed with
gypsum LIMTATIONS OF GYPSUM BOARDS:
 Type C – proprietary, fire-resistant  For interior-use only
alternative to Type X board
FIBER-CEMENT BOARD
 Type MMR – mold and moisture-resistant
boards, for bathrooms and ceilings  Portland cement, sand, glass, fibers, cellulose
fibers
 Types of Gypsum Board Panel
 Stronger than gypsum boards of the same
 Water-resistant – has water repellant
thickness but more difficult to install
paper or glass matt and moisture-resistant
core formulation  Underlayment for ceramic flooring
 Flexible boards – ¼” thick and have
heavier paper facing to cracking
 High-impact boards – thick fiberglass
mesh embedded in the core near the back
to provide greater impact and penetration
strength
 Pre-finished Boards – covered on one face
with vinyl instead of paper and do not
require finishing
 Gypsum wall sheathing boards
 Core boards
 Sag-resistant curing gypsum board
 Foll-backed gypsum board
 Weather-resistant exterior gypsum soffit board
 Gypsum lath and gypsum veneer base CEILINGS
 Installation process  Installation
 Exposed ceiling  Stretch In method
 Attached directly to the structure  Direct Given Down
 Suspended ceiling  Double glue-down
 Suspended types:  Fibers
 Suspended acoustical ceilings  Nylon
 Suspended gypsum board ceiling  Wood,
 Suspended gypsum plaster ceiling  Polypropylene
 Integrated ceiling system
WOOD FLOORING
 Incorporated utilities within the ceiling
 Strips
system
 Plank
 Interstitial ceilings
 Parquet
 Elaborate mechanical and electrical
ceiling system  Solid Wood Flooring
 Railed access floors  Engineered Wood Flooring
 1” thick tiles  Other notes:
 Access for piping, mechanics, electrical  Sleeper System – Yakal wood is ideal
(extensive) (cannot be painted on)
 Plenum – space between ceiling and structure  Floating Systems
 Pincut – Hung Suspension System  Fixed-wood-sleeper systems
 Stronger than indirect hung  Fixed-metal sleeper systems

FLOORING RESILIENT FLOORING

 Subfloor  Thin, bendable, sensitive to evenness
 Top surface of the structural floor  Vinyl tiles (light traffic)
 Concrete subfloor  Solid vinyl tiles
 Wood subfloor  Vinyl composition tiles
 Rubber tiles
TERAZZO  Sheet vinyl
 A binding matrix is the material that holds  Linoleum street tiles
aggregate chips in position
 Binding matrix is cementitious CORK TILES
 Combing cement (usually white), aggregate  Installation
chips and pigments  Self-leveling product
 Metal divider and control strips are used to  Solid and homogenous tiles and
create a design engineered tiles
 Styles STATIC-CONTROL RESILIENT
 Cementitious terrazzo FLOORING
 Sand-cushion terrazzo  Static control floor covering system
 Bond cementitious terrazzo  Directs electrical charge to a reliable
grinding source
 Structural terrazzo
 Resist electro-static charges
 Rustic terrazzo
 Composed of floor covering products
 Epoxy terrazzo
with conductivity elements within the
body of the material, uses static controlled
CARPET TILES FLOORING
adhesive and grounding strips
 Disadvantage: mold, static, electricity
 Underlayment: cushion to avoid
RESINOUS FLOORING SYSTEMS
moisture/mold
 Known as polymer or epoxy flooring
 Rolled goods – broadloom 6 to 12” seams
 High performance or special use resinous
 Carpet tiles – commercial buildings
systems
  Polybutene – 2 pack  To raise a subfloor, made up of
medium-density fiberboard and
FLUID APPLIED FLOORING cement backer units
 Resinous flooring system – less expensive  Attached using an adhesive or
 Polyurethane/epoxy mechanical fasteners
 Grinding and blasting concrete, applying
a primer, addition of sand, quartz, Finishes: PLASTICS
aggregate, rubber chips, and a topcoat or  Plastics are polymers
sealer  Monomer – a molecule (ethylene)
 Acrylic (methyl methacrylate monomer or  Polymer – a string of monomers
MMA) floor coatings (polyethylene)
 High in VOC emissions, cure less than an  Copolymer – a string of polymers
hour (ethylene vinylacetate)
 UV curable coating  Polymerization – the stringing of
 Cementitious overlay polymers
 formulations of polymers, Portland  Classification of Plastics
cement, fine sand and other ingredients,  Thermoplastic – linear (1-d) or branched
self-leveling fluids (2-d)
 Thermoset – crosslinked (3-d network)
Other floor covering materials:  Wood is also a polymer
 Pavers  Cellulosic polymers – found in almost all
 Polished concrete plants
 Dyed Concrete  Wood – paper, construction
 Exposed Aggregate in Concrete mix  Cotton – clothing
 Rubber mat  The Big Four Types of plastics
 PE – Polyethylene
UNDERLAYMENTS  Bottle packaging, sodas, bags, tubes,
 An underlayment is a thin material adhered or crates
applied to subfloor prior to installing final floor  PP – Polypropylene
covering.  Plastic chairs, sacks of rice, plastic
 Provides protection or prepares subfloor bag, Styrofoam
to receive flooring  PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride
 Types of Underlayment  Industrial Plastic packaging
 Membrane  PS – Polystyrene
 Waterproofing – liquid applied  Plastic utensils, food packaging,
components, plastic sheets, self- fruit packaging
adhering bituminous sheets  Additives
 Crack isolation – known as crack  Plastics = polymer + additives
suppression, designed to transfer or  Resin – main polymer
reduce cracking  Samples
 Sound Reduction – mitigate, reduce,  Fillers and reinforcements
noise between floors, between two  Polymers for blends
stacked residential units.  Plasticizers
 Fill  Flame retardants
 Fill underlayment – troweled over  Colorants
irregular surfaces, used for leveling  Stabilizers
or resurfacing a subfloor, used for  Lubricants
commercial applications
 Solid
  Organic peroxides  Varnishes – clear coating, solvent or water-
based
 Lacquers – clear coating, solvent-based,
nitrocellulose
 Sealers – seals the substrate

COATINGS
 Pigment
 Color, opacity, toughness, natural or
synthetic
 Binder/vehicle – the film-former; provide
adhesion
 Solvent – volatile component; provides
workability
 Additive – modifications

 Paints – high amount of pigment

 Stains – little to no amount or pigment,
contains mostly solvent