Dr. M.K.K ARYA MODEL SCHOOL,PANIPAT Holiday Homework Subject : English Class X Section : A (Reading ) Q.1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : The choices we make on a daily basis—wearing a seatbelt, lifting heavy objects correctly or purposely staying out of any dangerous situation—can either ensure our safety or bring about potentially harmful circumstances, You and I need to make a decision that we are going to get our lives in order. Exercising self- control, self-discipline and establishing boundaries and borders in our lives are some of the most important things we can do. A life without discipline is one that's filled with carelessness. We can think it’s kind of exciting to live life on the edge. We like the image of “Yeah! That's me! Living on the edge! Woo-hoo!” It’s become a popular way to look at life. But if you see, even highways have lines, which provide margins for our safety while we're driving. If we go over one side, we'll go into the ditch. If we cross over the line in the middle, we could get killed. And we like those lines because they help to keep us safe. Sometimes we don’t even realize how lines help to keep us safe. 'm not proud of this, but for the first 20 years of my life at work, | ignored my limits. | felt horrible, physically, most of the time. | used to tell myself “I know I have limits and that I've reached them, but I’m going to ignore them and see if or how long I can get by with it.” I ran to doctors, trying to make myself feel better through pills, vitamins, natural stuff and anything | could get my hands on. Some of the doctors would tell me, “It’s just stress.” That just made me mad. | thought stress meant you don’t like what you do or can’t handle life, and love what | do. But I kept pushing myself, traveling, doing speaking engagements and so ‘on— simply exhausting myself. Finally, | understood I was living an unsustainable life and needed to make some change: my outlook and lifestyle. You and | don’t have to be like everyone else or keep up with anyone else. Each of us needs to be exactly the way we are, and we don’t have to apologize for it. We're not all alike and we need to find a comfort zone in which we can enjoy our lives instead of making ourselves sick with an overload of stress and pressure. On the basis of understanding of the passage, answer the questions that follow.Q1) Which of the characteristics are apt about the writer in the following context: “I know | have limits and that I've reached them, but I'm going to ignore them and see if or how long! can get by with it.” ? 1, negligent 2. indecisive 3. spontaneous 4. reckless 5. purposeless 6. patient a) 2and 5 b) 3 and6 land d)2and3 Q2) The reason why living on the edge has become popular, is because of the a) constant need for something different. b) population being much younger. ¢) exhausting effort to make changes. d) strong tendency to stay within our limits. Q3) The phrase “potentially harmful circumstances” refers to circumstances that can {a) certainly be dangerous. (b) be fairly dangerous. {c) be possibly dangerous. (¢) seldom be dangerous. Q4). Choose the option that correctly states the two meanings of ‘outlook’, as used in the passage. 1. A person's evaluation of life 2. A person’s experiences in life 3. A person’s point of view towards life 4. A person’s regrets i 5. A person’s general attitude to lifea) (1) and (4) 'b) (2) and (3) ¢) (3) and (5) d) (4) and (5) Q5) Choose the option that best captures the central idea of the passage from the given quotes. 1. It's all about quality of life and finding a happy balance between work and friends. 2. To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short. 3. Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving. 4. Balance is not something you find, it’s something you create. a) Option (1) ) Option (2) ©) Option (3) d) Option (4) Q6) The author explains the importance of discipline and boundaries in our lives using the example of a) road accidents. b) traffic rules. ¢) lines on the highway. d) safe driving. Q7) The author attempts to the readers through this write-up. a) rebuke b) question ¢) offer aid to d) offer advice to Q8) What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph of the passage? a) Love what you do, b) Love yourself to love others. ¢) Be the best version of yourself. 4d) Be yourself,Q9) Which of the following will be the most appropriate title for the passage? a) Much too soon b) Enough is enough ©) How much is too much? 4d) Have enough to do? Q10) The author uses colloquial words such as “yeah” and “Woo-hoo!”. Which of the following is NOT a colloquial word? a) hooked b)euy ¢) stuff d) stress. Q2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: Cataract is the major cause of blindness, which is also caused by a damage to the cornea. It ‘occurs more often in old age. As one starts growing old, the lens of the eye hardens, loses its transparency and becomes opaque. It obstructs the light rays from entering the eye. The onset of cataract blurs the vision. Sometimes, the cataract patient sees multiple images instead of a single object image. Because of the gradual development of cataract, the afflicted person loses his/her vision and the world becomes dark to him/her. The development of cataract is a complex process. However, the following factors can be attributed to its formation. Cataract generally develops in old age but sometimes, children are born with cataract because of hereditary defect. Eye injuries too, can cause cataracts. People exposed to sun rays for longer periods develop cataract earlier than others. Researchers opine that the smoke inhaled while smoking carries substances internally damaging the eyes. Ultraviolet radiation, invisible to the human eye, is linked to skin cancer. The victim loses vision and the world becomes dark to him. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer the following questions: (a) What is the major cause of blindness? {c) Why does the lens of the eye become opaque in old age ? (f) How does cataract affect its victim ultimately ? (d) How does one detect cataract in early stages ? (e) Give any two factors which are responsible for the formation of cataract.{i) Find the word from para 1 that means ‘that through which light cannot enter’. (g) Which type of cancer is caused by ultraviolet radiation ? {b) When does cataract generally occur ? (h) How is smoking responsible for the development of cataract ? Q3. Read the passage given below: Then all the windows of the grey wooden house (Miss Hilton used to live here. She expired last week), were thrown open, a thing | had never seen before. [At the end of the day a sign was nailed on the mango tree : FOR SALE. Nobody in the street knew Miss Hilton. While she lived, her front gate was always locked and no one ever saw her leave or saw anybody go in. So, even if you wanted to, you couldn’t fee! sorry and say that you missed Miss Hilton. When I think of her house I see just two colours. Grey and green. The green of the mango tree, the grey of the house and the grey of the high iron fence that prevented you from getting at the mangoes. If your cricket ball fell in Miss Hilton’s courtyard you never got it back. It wasn’t the mango season when Miss Hilton died. But we got back about ten or twelve of our cricket balls. The house was sold and we were prepared to dislike the new owners even before they came. | think we were a little worried. Already we had one resident of the street who kept on complaining about us to our parents. He complained that we played cricket on the pavement; and if we were not playing cricket, he complained that we were making too much noise anyway. (One afternoon when | came back from school Pal said, “Is a man and a woman. She pretty pretty, but he ugly like hell.” | didn’t see much. The front gate was open, but the windows were shut again. | heard a dog barking in an angry way. (One thing was settled pretty quickly. Whoever these people were they would never be the sort of people to complain that we were making noise and disturbing their sleep. A lot of noise came from the house that night. The radio was going at full volume until midnight when the radio station closed down. The dog was barking and the man was. shouting. | didn’t hear the woman. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, complete the statements that follow: {a) Nobody went into Miss Hilton’s house because her front (b) Her house had only two colours, (i) and (ii) (c) The high \n fence did not let the boys get (d) They never got it back if their fell into her courtyard.(e) The boys were ready to dislike the (f) One resident of the street always : {g) The new owners of Miss Hilton’s house were (i) and (i (h) The man was shouting, the dog was barking, only Q4. Ifyou are addicted to coffee and doctors warn you to quit the habit, don’t worry and just keep relishing the beverage, because it is not that bad after all! In fact, according toa new study, the steaming cup of Java can beat fruits and vegetables as the primary source of antioxidants. Some studies state that coffee is the number one source of antioxidants in the American diet, and both caffeinated and decaf versions appear to provide similar antioxidant level: Antioxidants, in general, have been linked to a number of potential health benefits, including protection against heart diseases and cancer, but Vinson, a dietician said that their benefits ultimately depend on how they are absorbed and utilized in the body. The research says that coffee outranks popular antioxidant sources like tea, milk, chocolate and cranberries. Of all the foods and beverages studied, dates actually have the most antioxidants based solely on the serving size, but since dates are not consumed anywhere near the level of coffee, the drink comes as the top source of antioxidants, Vinson said, Besides keeping you alert and awake, coffee has been linked to an increasing number of potential health benefits, including protection against liver and colon cancer, type 2 diabetes and Parkinson’s disease, according to some recently published studies. The researchers, however, advise that one should consume coffee in moderation because it can make you jittery and cause stomach pains. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer the following questions: 1. Who is Vinson in the paragraph? a) ADoctor b) AHealth consultant d) ADietician 2. Of all the foods and beverages stu antioxidants. a) dates b) tea ©) cranberries d) coffee 3. Which beverage helps in preventing against liver and colon cancer? a) Tea actually have mostb) Milk ©) Coffee d) Hot chocolate 4, Itisa type of diabetes a) Types b) Type 4 ©) Type3 d) Type 2 5, The synonym of the ‘chief’ as given in para 1 is: a) new b) primary ¢) ver d) similar 6. Consuming coffee can make a person jittery: a) less b) more ©) moderate d) no 7. The graph above depicts that maximum caffeine is in coffee. a) instant b) brewed ©) filter d) espresso 8. How much caffeine is found in two cups of brewed coffee? a) 200 mg b) 100mg ©) 300mg d) 50mg 9. Coffee, which has minimum caffeine per cup a) Espresso b) decaf brewed ©) instant d) decaf instant 10. Filter coffee has more caffeine than . a) brewed tant ¢) espresso d) none 11. Coffee does not keep one alert. a) True b) Not sure ©) False d) No effect 12. Doctors warn coffee addicts toa) drink more coffee b) drink less coffee ©) make it a habit d) quit the habit Section : B (Writing Skills and Grammar) Q.1. You are Nidhi/Raju You are the Manager of New Age Computer Shoppe at Ganesh Nagar Delhi, Write a letter to the incharge of Enfotech, Preet Vihar, Delhi, placing an order for a few laptops like, Dell, HP, Lenovo, and ASUS for your shop. Q2. You are Ganesh/Rani, The Sports Secretary of your school. Write a letter to the Manager M/s Khanna & Sons, New Delhi, a leading firm in sports goods. Request the company to supply trade catalogues at the earliest. Q3. Though there is a movement like ‘Sarvashiksha Abhiyan’ and enrolling of underprivileged children in schools, there are still many children, like the one in the picture, who do not go to school, rather have never seen a school. It is indeed disturbing. You decide to write a letter to the editor of a newspaper expressing your views and the steps to be taken, Take ideas from the MCB unit ‘Education’. Write the letter in about 120 words. Q4. Your grandfather is very upset about the rising prices and keeps thinking of his olden times when things were very cheap. You are convinced that inflation has made life difficult for common man. Write a letter in 100-120 words to the editor of a national daily describing the difficulties faced by poor families. Grammar The following passages have not been edited. There is one error in each line. Identify the wrong word and write it with the correction in the spaces given. Editing Exercises Example - 1 Incorrect Correct (a) Ina Northern part of India, (b) summer are very hot. (c)June and July are the hot months. {d) The Sun shine brightlyand (e) the heat was unbearable........ (f) A morning of a summer day (g) are cool and pleasant.(h) A cool breeze blows which refresh the mind and enlivens the heart. Editing Exercises Example ~2 Incorrect Correct (a) Ihave enjoy reading books (b) of biographies, adventures or lands, etc. {c) Books must been purposive and delightful. (4) Biographies of great men has (e) always inspire me; books of (f) adventure has thrilled me. - (g) In the beginning | enjoyed books in English who had the same or (h) similar themes which | find in my first language (Hindi) book: Editing Exercises Example - 3 Incorrect Correct {a) Its really shock that (b) wild animals is being killed on a very large scale. (c) There has been an craze for leather goods. (¢) We don’t realise how many cruelty {e) towards those helpless creatures (f) we were encouraging by using the goods. (g) There Eire much who wear (h) fur coats and jackets with a fur I Editing Exercises Example - 4 Incorrect Correct (a) Teenage is a spring of man’s life. (b) It is perceive as the most joyful(c) and exciting period of a individual's (d) life. Teenagers are bubble with life. (e) Everything smell of freshness and fitness. ion and expect; '-yin life. (g) But the teenagers of today are live (h) under the pressure of a competitive world. iting Exercises Example - 5 Incorrect Correct {a) Lord Brougham said, “Blessed is the man who had __.. (b) hobbies. The pursuit in hobbies is not a waste of time. .. (c) Rather it prevents us while wasting (d) time by other frivolous pursuits. Hobbies fill nvm (e) our vacant hours with amusement or interest. So | (f) am justifying in having my hobbies.” Editing Exercises Example - 6 Incorrect Correct (a) English is the useful language. The people (b) who speak English made up the largest . (c) community. A speech community are similar (d) to other communities. People that make up the (e) community share an common languag (f) Much nations are composed of speech communities. Editing Exercises Example -7 Incorrect Correct(a) There is the enemy beneath our feet. (b) Everyone are threatened by this (c) enemy. The enemy are Earth itself. When an (d) earthquake strikes, the Earth tremble. Scientists (e) are directing the great amount (f) of effort into finding ways at combating earthquakes. iting Exercises Example - 8 Incorrect Correct (a) !wonder whether you will help me? (b) 1 was sorry to bother you. {c) Oh, 1am awful sorry... (¢) What seemed to be the problem, Sir? (e) Never mind, it does not really matters. . (f) It may be all right soon, Editing Exercises Example -9 Incorrect Correct (a) The important thing was that we should have (b) freedom of thought. This is not so easy as it (c) sounds. Every man likes to have their freedom (d) for himself. He does enjoying the freedom. When {e) a difference of opinion was created, (f) ithad to beresolved. —_... ing Exercises Example - 10 Incorrect Correct (a) We know that if we eats the right food, in the right (b) quantities in the right time, our digestive system(c) must remain healthy. Similarly, if we breathe correctly, (d) our respiratory system will function efficiently. As (e) our heartis in good shape, and a arteries (f) ensure that blood reaches which it must, our (8) circulatory system is in order. But how do one (h) keep in shape an invisibly energy system, a system which helps us process the life force. Section : C (Literature ) ‘Answer the following questions : a) How far would you agree that one’s positivity can bring ina spark of, brightness even in adverse circumstances? b) Briefly explain Nelson Mandela's contribution for the emancipation of South African people. ¢) All the parental acts are for the betterment of the children. It is true. However, one has to make efforts through trials and errors shedding off one’s early hesitations and fears to succeed in any enterprise. Justify this statement by taking points from the lesson “His First Fight “. d) Mrs Pumphery, the overindulgent and caring mistress of Tricki, pampers her pet dog like a spoiled child. Comment. ) He was the most trusting person I had ever met. Justify this statement of Hari Singh about his benefactor, Anil. Did he breach Anil’s trust? f) Freedom is such an essential virtue that it is valued not only by humans but also by animals alike. Justify the statement with reference to the poem ‘A Tiger in the Zoo 8) Our attitude towards a situation evoke both negative and positive responses. Analyse this with reference to the poem, Dust of Snow ‘to bring out the inherent valuable lesson. h) In the world, Nothing is immortal. Explain Fire and Ice. i) Draw a concept map of the poem ‘Fire and Ice ‘. th reference to the poem,Dr. M.K.K ARYA MODEL SCHOOL,PANIPAT English Enrichment Holiday Package Class X Frame sentences of the following words English words with meanings 1. Absence - The lack or unavailability of something or someone. 2. Approval — Having a positive opinion of something or someone. 3. Adulation — exaggerated flattery or praise 4. Attention — Noticing or recognizing something of interest. 5. Amount — A mass or a collection of something 6. Borrow — To take something with the intention of returning it after a period of time. 7. Baffle — An event or thing that is a mystery and confuses. 8. Ban — An act that is prohibited by social pressure or law. 9. Banish — Expel from the situation, often done officially. 10. Banter — Conversation that is teasing and playful. 11. Characteristic — referring to features that are typical to the person, place, cor thing. 42. Care — extra responsibility and attention. 43 Chip — a small and thin piece of a larger item. 14. Cease — to eventually stop existing. 15. Dialogue — A conversation between two or more people. 16. Decisive - a person who can make decisions promptly. 17 Delusion — false impression or belief. 48. Deplete — steady reduction in the quantity or number of something. 19. Derogatory — disrespectful person or statement. 20 Edible — something suitable to be eaten.21. Eloquent — an individual who expresses themselves effectively and clearly. 22. Elusive — a person who is skilled at evading capture 23. Embody — represented in a physical form. 24. Fabricate — an invention of untrue facts to a story or situation. 25. Feasible — an activity that is possible. 26. Feat - an activity that requires great strength, skill, and courage. 27. Feeble — a person or statement that is unconvincing and weak. 28. Fixation — An obsession over something or someone. 29. Generic — a group or class that does not have a brand name. 30. Gimmick — a device or trick delivered to attract attention. 31. Graffiti — Drawings or writings on a surface in public. 32. Grandiose — a person, plan, or situation that is ambitious, showy, and impressive. 33. Grievous — an event or person causing severe grief. 34. Hogwash - Insincere or useless statements. 35. Hostile — an unfriendly person or situation. 36. Huddle — to gather together in a close mass or group. 37. Idealistic — a person who is motivated by moral and noble beliefs as opposed to practicality. 38. Jovial — a cheerful, merry and good-natured person. 39. Jostle — moving through a crowd by means of shoving and pushing. 40. Jubilant — a person or crowd that is full of delight and high spirits. Idioms with meanings 1. A bird in the hand is better than two in the bush Meaning: An opportunity in hand, currently, is better than a prospect in the future, because time never repeats itself.2 Don't cry over spilt milk Meaning: Don't cry over what has happened as it can not be fixed. 3. Every cloud has a silver lining Meaning: Bad things one day eventually lead to good things. 4 Ablack sheep Meaning: Being a disgrace for the family. 5. Down for the count Meaning: Tired; giving up. 6 Give it a whirl Meaning: To give something a try. 7. Step up your game Meaning: To start performing better 8 Crying Wolf Meaning: To ask for help when you don’t need 2. Has bigger fish to try Meaning: Has more important work to do. 120. Look before you leap Meaning: Calculate the risks before advancing towards a possibility. 11, Take it with a grain of salt Meaning: Don't take it too seriously. 12, Be ina Tight Comer. Meaning: Being in a difficult situation. 413, At the 11th Hour Meaning: At the last moment. 14, Wild Goose Chase Meaning: Futile Chase15, Turn a deaf ear Meaning: To ignore what someone is saying. 16 At Sea Meaning: Confused 17, To be in the doldrums Meaning: To be in a low spirit 18, Hit the books Meaning: Going to study 19 Face the music Meaning: Face the reality 20. It is always darkest before the dawn Meaning: Things will get better