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Arduino Fan Control with LCD Display

This document defines variables and functions to control a liquid crystal display (LCD), read sensor values for temperature, voltage, current and speed, and control a fan and LED based on the sensor readings. It initializes the LCD, sets up pins for sensors and outputs, takes continuous sensor readings in a loop, displays the values on the LCD and controls the fan and LED based on temperature thresholds.

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Soresa Jemal
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11 views5 pages

Arduino Fan Control with LCD Display

This document defines variables and functions to control a liquid crystal display (LCD), read sensor values for temperature, voltage, current and speed, and control a fan and LED based on the sensor readings. It initializes the LCD, sets up pins for sensors and outputs, takes continuous sensor readings in a loop, displays the values on the LCD and controls the fan and LED based on temperature thresholds.

Uploaded by

Soresa Jemal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

#include <LiquidCrystal.

h>

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

//declare

variables float

VoltOut; float

SD; float I; float

tempC; float volt;

float curt; int

voltOut; float

speed; float D;

float current; float

T; float V; int

speedlPin; int

tempPin=4; int

fanSpeed; int

voltPin=1; int

temp; int

fanLCD;

int fan = 13; // the pin where fan is

int led = 8; // led pin

int curtPin=0; int

speed1Pin=2;

int tempMin = 20; // the temperature to start the fan


int tempMax = 35;// the maximum temperature when fan is at

100% int voltMax=250; int voltMin=100; float treshold=5; void

setup(){

// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:

pinMode(fan, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

[Link](16, 4);

[Link]("T=");

[Link](0, 1);

[Link]("V=");

[Link](9, 0);

[Link]("I=");

[Link](9, 1);

[Link]("S=");

[Link](9600);

void loop()

{ int mytemp [5]; float

avrtemp=0; for (int

i=0; i<= 4; i++)

mytemp [i]=analogRead(tempPin);

delay(10);

avrtemp=(mytemp [0]+mytemp [1]+mytemp [2]+mytemp [3]+mytemp [4])/5;


tempC = (5*avrtemp*100)/1023;

T = analogRead(tempPin); //read the value from the sensor

V=

analogRead(voltPin); I=

analogRead(curtPin); int

myVolt [5]; float

avrVolt=0;

for (int i=0; i<= 4; i++)

myVolt [i]=analogRead(voltPin);

delay(10);

avrVolt=(myVolt [0]+myVolt [1]+myVolt [2]+myVolt [3]+myVolt [4])/5;

SD = analogRead(speedlPin);

VoltOut = (5*avrVolt*46)/1023;

curt= (5*I)/1023;

current=(5*I*4)/1023;

speed=(5*SD*15)/1023;

D=(5*SD)/1023;

// print result to lcd display

[Link](2, 0);

[Link](tempC,1);[Link]("C"); [Link](11,

0); [Link](current,1);

[Link]("A");

[Link](2, 1); [Link](VoltOut,1);


[Link]("V");

[Link](11, 1);

[Link](speed,1);

[Link]("rpm"); if(VoltOut>

230){ [Link]("OVER

VOLTAGE "); delay(5);

if(current >16)

delay(5);

[Link](" OVER CURRENT "); delay(5);

if(tempC>tempMax)

delay(5);

[Link](" HIGH TEMPRATURE "); delay(5);

if(tempC < tempMin) { // if temp is lower than minimum temp

fanSpeed = 0; // fan is not spinning

digitalWrite(fan, LOW);

if((tempC >= tempMin) && (tempC <= tempMax)) { // if temperature is higher than

minimum temp

fanSpeed = map(tempC, tempMin, tempMax, 32, 255); // the actual speed of fan
fanLCD = map(tempC, tempMin, tempMax, 0, 100); // speed of fan to display on LCD

analogWrite(fan, fanSpeed); // spin the fan at the fanSpeed speed

if(tempC > tempMax) { // if temp is lower than minimum temp

fanSpeed = 0; // fan is not spinning

digitalWrite(fan, LOW);

}if(tempC > tempMax) { // if temp is higher than tempMax

digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn on led

} else { // else turn of led

digitalWrite(led, LOW);

if(speed >60){ [Link]("the

speed over"); delay(5);

Common questions

Powered by AI

PWM is used to control the fan speed by sending varying duty cycle signals to the fan based on temperature. The script calculates 'fanSpeed' using 'map' to convert the temperature range between 'tempMin' (20°C) and 'tempMax' (35°C) to PWM values between 32 and 255. PWM is activated when 'tempC' is within this range, allowing smooth variation in fan speed according to temperature changes, thus controlling airflow effectively .

The script performs analog-to-digital conversions using a scaling formula. For temperature, it uses 'tempC = (5*avrtemp*100)/1023', converting the analog value to Celsius. Voltage output is scaled with 'VoltOut = (5*avrVolt*46)/1023', indicating a specific conversion factor for volts. Current is calculated with 'curt = (5*I)/1023' and 'current = (5*I*4)/1023', showing different scaling for amperage. These calculations convert sensor readings into meaningful engineering units by adjusting for the ADC's voltage reference and sensor characteristics .

The script calculates average values for temperature and voltage by taking five consecutive readings from analog inputs and averaging them. This process involves storing each reading in an array and computing the mean. This technique improves measurement accuracy by reducing the impact of transient noise or fluctuations in individual sensor readings, resulting in a more stable and reliable output .

The LED is turned on when the temperature 'tempC' exceeds 'tempMax', signaling a high-temperature warning. It's turned off otherwise. This logic provides a simple yet effective visual indicator of critical system states, alerting users to potential overheating conditions instantly, thereby preventing prolonged exposure to damaging conditions .

The LiquidCrystal library is crucial for interfacing with the LCD, which displays real-time system parameters such as temperature, voltage, current, and fan speed. Initialized with specific pin numbers, it enables the use of commands like 'lcd.print()' to output data to the LCD's 16x4 character display. By managing cursor positioning with 'lcd.setCursor()', it allows simultaneous display of multiple metrics, enhancing user interface functionality in monitoring and debugging .

The script includes safety measures such as checking for over-voltage ('VoltOut > 230'), over-current ('current > 16A'), and high temperature ('tempC > tempMax'). If these conditions are met, corresponding warning messages are displayed on the LCD. Additionally, an LED is turned on if 'tempC' exceeds 'tempMax', serving as a visual alert for critical temperatures. These features prevent potential hardware damage by alerting users and possibly enabling further automated shutdown mechanisms .

The script displays essential real-time data on the LCD, such as temperature ('T='), voltage ('V='), current ('I='), and speed ('S='), utilizing a structured layout to maximize information clarity within 16x4 character constraints. It simplifies complex system statuses into digestible snippets, ensuring users can quickly interpret system health and operational conditions. Warnings like 'OVER VOLTAGE' are effectively communicated, highlighting deviations from norms. This design principle, prioritizing clarity and immediate comprehension, underscores the LCD's role as both a diagnostic and educational tool in embedded user interfaces .

The script reads temperature values from a sensor through analog inputs. If the temperature ('tempC') is below the 'tempMin' threshold of 20°C, the fan doesn't spin (fanSpeed = 0). When 'tempC' is between 'tempMin' (20°C) and 'tempMax' (35°C), the fan speed is dynamically adjusted using the 'map' function to scale the temperature to a PWM signal between 32 and 255 for fan control. If 'tempC' exceeds 'tempMax', both fan and LED are activated to alert a critical temperature scenario .

The script addresses sensor noise through averaging readings from multiple samples, as seen with 'avrtemp' and 'avrVolt'. This reduces noise effects by smoothing out transient spikes and fluctuations in each individual reading. Averaging is critical for embedded system reliability because it ensures consistent and accurate data over time, minimizing the risk of erroneous system actions based on inaccurate or spurious readings .

The script manages voltage through analog readings and averaging over five samples, then scales it using the conversion formula 'VoltOut = (5*avrVolt*46)/1023'. Not accurately monitoring voltage could lead to undetected over-voltage conditions, potentially damaging components or leading to system failure if the supplied voltage exceeds safe operational limits .

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