TABLE OF CONTENT

S. No TITLE PAGE NO.

1 Acknowledgement 1
2 History of Badminton 2
3 Ground Measurements 3
4 Fundamental Skills 4-5
5 Terminology Related to Badminton 6
6 Badminton Rules 7-9
7 Duties of Officials 10
8 Badminton Courts 11-12
9 Badminton Equipments 13
10 Badminton Tournaments 14
11 Badminton Federations 15
12 Famous Personalities 16
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher Mr. Jitendra

and Mr. Anil Srivastava, as well as our principal Mrs. Abha Anant who gave me
the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project, which allowed me to learn so
much and revise my syllabus . I am really thankful to them.

Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

-Khushi Khare

XII-E
 HISTORY OF BADMINTON

Nothing can be said accurately about the beginning of badminton. But it can
definitely be said that badminton used to be played in the 17th century in
Gloucestershire in England at a place called ‘Badminton’. This game was also
played in other countries of europe. Some facts are also available that indicate that
it was also played in China before the 17th century. In India, it was also played in
Pune (Maharashtra) in around 1870 A.D. But all the credits to introduce badminton
goes to England, because the first badminton club in Bath (England) was
established in 1873. In 1893, the Badminton Association of England was
established. The International Badminton Federation was established in 1934.
With the passage of time, Badminton became popular all over the world. This
federation framed the rules for the international level matches in 1934. The
‘Thomas Cup’ was started in the world championship in 1948. A lot of countries
participated in the world cup. The ‘Uber Cup’ was started for the women's
championship in 1957. In 1934, Badminton Association of India was formed and
the first All India Championship was organized in Calcutta in the same year.
 GROUND MEASUREMENTS

Size of the court for doubles 44’ x 20’ feet

Size of the court for singles 44’ x 17’ feet
Width of net 2 feet 6 inches
Height of net from centre 5 feet
Height of net from poles 5 feet 1 inch
Weight of shuttle 4.74 to 5.50
No. of feathers in shuttle 14 to 16
Length of feathers 2 ½ to 2 ¾ inches
Length of racket 27 inches
Weight of racket 85 to 140 gm
Length of frame 11 inches
Width of frame 9 inches
Side galleries 1 feet 6 inches
Back Gallery 2 feet 6 inches
No. of maximum sets 3
Point in Singles and Doubles 21
 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

1. STROKE: There are two types of strokes in badminton. They are:

a) Forehand Stroke: It is such a stroke that is played for returning
a shuttle from the right side of the body of a player.
b) Backhand Stroke: It is such a stroke that is applied to return a
shuttle coming towards the left side of the body of the player.
2. DROPSHOT: It is a very gentle shot in which a shuttle is struck with
a forehand, backhand or round the head action to direct it towards the
top of net, so that after crossing the net, it falls in the opponent’s court
very close to the net.
3. DRIVE: It is a flat stroke in which the shuttle is sent over the net, just
clearing it and parallel to the floor. In this process, it should not be
sent high towards the opponent.
4. SHUTTLECOCK GRIP: While serving, a shuttlecock may be held or
gripped in 3 ways:
a) Base Grip: The shuttlecock is held with the thumb and the two
fingers at the base of the shuttle.
b) Mid Grip: The shuttlecock is held with the thumb and the
fingers around the shuttle at the shafts of its feathers and the
cork
c) Out of hand grip: The shuttle is held with the tips of the thumb
and index fingers.
5. GRIP OF THE RACKET: Generally, the following types of grips are
used to hold the racket:
a) Forehand Grip: Hold the racket by the shaft in the left hand
with the face of the racket perpendicular to the floor and shake
hands with the grip. Slide your hand down so that the fatty part
rests comfortably against the butt of the handle. There will be a
‘V’ shape of your thumb and index finger. Grip the handle
lightly , with fingers spread slightly. Your thumb wraps around
the handle on the left side. Your grip should be relaxed when
 you are not stroking the shuttle. Tighten your grip when you are
ready to stroke the shuttle
b) Backhand Grip: Turn the top edge of the racket frame over
slightly to the right and put the thumb along and parallel to the
wide side of the handle. This grip allows a longer reach, more
power and better accuracy.
6. BLOCK: Generally, block is used as a defensive stroke in response to
an opponent’s smash. It is used in case of emergency. If it is
effectively stroked, a block can also change a defensive situation to an
offensive one. The block shot is best accompanied by trying to get the
racket head out in front of your body and to the shuttle as quickly as
possible. There is no need for backswing to this stroke, only a slight
push of the shuttle is enough. The force of your push depends upon
the speed of your opponent’s smash.
7. FOOTWORK: Your ready position should include standing in the
center of the court if you are playing singles and bending your knees
with your body relaxed and waiting for play. Move your feet by
shuffling them or gliding from left or right and stepping or lunging
forward. To move backward, go fast enough that you get behind the
shuttle to hit it hard enough.
8. FOREHAND SMASH: First of all adopt the forehand grip. Then turn
your body and stand sideways to the net with your non-rocket
shoulder facing the net, Shift your weight onto your rear foot. Then
bend your elbow and lock your wrist Preparing to swing forward.
After that raise your non-racket hand and point at the shuttle to
improve timing and balance. Contact the shuttle as high as possible
and in front of your body using a Strong throwing action. Then
straighten your elbow as you hit the shuttle. Then snap down your
wrist at the point of impact giving the shuttle extra power and angle
towards your opponent's court, Then follow through with your racket
and shift your body weight from your rear foot to your front foot.
Then come back to your base position.
TERMINOLOGY RELATED TO BADMINTON
1. Bird. It is another name for the shuttlecock.
2. Court. It is the playing area enclosed between the back boundary lines and
the sidelines.
3. Let. The stopping of a play owing to any outside interference is called let.
The point is replayed. Let is also given if a server serves before the receiver
is ready to receive the service.
4. Toss or Lob. It is a stroke that sends the shuttle high and deep towards the
baseline of the opponent.
5. Smash. It is a stroke in which the shuttle is sent downward with speed to
finish a rally.
6. Rally. An exchange of shots during a match is called a rally.
7. Server. The player who puts the shuttle into play is called a server.
8. Net strokes. These are the strokes which are executed to return a shuttle
falling close to the net.
9. Side out. When a player or a pair has finished their right to serve, a side out
is called and the shuttle is given to the opponent/ opponents to serve.
[Link]. It is time, during which a player or pair holds service.
[Link] point. The point which, if won by the server, makes him the winner of
the match.
[Link]. Rotation is the system of play in doubles in which the players keep
on changing their positions during the play.
[Link]. The 1 foot and 6 inches wide extension on both sides of the court
used in the doubles.
[Link]. Any stroke made on the side of the body opposite the racket side.
[Link]. An illegal shot where the shuttle does not rebound immediately off
the racket at the point of contact.
[Link]. A high shot which falls close to the back line.
[Link] court. A shot in which the shuttle crosses the net in a diagonal
direction.
[Link]. Megal position of the feet by either the server or receiver.
[Link]. When a shuttle falls near the net in the opponent's court and it is
returned by a player, it is called drop.
 BADMINTON RULES
1. Court and Equipment: The court shall be a rectangle marked out with
lines, 40 mm wide. The lines marking out the court shall be easily
distinguishable and preferably be coloured white or yellow. All the
lines shall form part of the area which they define. The posts shall be
1.55 meters in height from the surface of the court and shall remain
vertical when the net is strained. The posts or its supports shall not
extend into the court. The posts shall be placed on the doubles side
irrespective of whether singles or doubles is being played. The net shall
be made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a mesh of
not less than 15 mm and not more than 20 mm.
The net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. The top
of the net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord
or cable running through the tape. This tape shall rest upon the cord or
cable. The cord or cable shall be stretched firmly, flush with the top of
the posts. The top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524
metres at the centre of the court and 1.55 metres over the side lines for
doubles. There shall be no gaps between the ends of the net and the
posts. If necessary, the full depth of the net at the ends shall be tied to
the posts.
2. Shuttle: The shuttle shall be made of natural or synthetic materials. The
shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base. The feathers shall have
a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measuring from the
tip to the top of the base. The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle
with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm. The feathers shall be fastened
firmly with thread or other suitable material. The base shall be 25 mm
to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom. The shuttle shall
weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams. The non-feathered shuttle can be used
but dimensions will remain same as that of the feathered shuttle.
3. Testing a shuttle for speed: To test a shuttle, a player shall use a full
underhand stroke which makes contact with the shuttle over the back
 boundary line. The shuttle shall be hit at an upward angle and in a
direction parallel to the side lines. A shuttle of correct speed will land
not less than 530 mm and not more than 990 mm short of the other
back boundary line.
4. Racket: The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall
length and 230 mm in overall width. The handle is the part of the racket
intended to be gripped by a player. The stringed area is the part of the
racket with which it is intended that a player hits the shuttle. The head
bounds the stringed area. The shaft connects the handle to the head.
The stringed area shall be flat and consist of a pattern of crossed strings
either alternately interlaced or bonded where they cross. The stringing
pattern shall be generally uniform and, in particular not less dense in
the centre than in any other area shall not exceed 280 mm in overall
length and 220 mm in overall width.
5. Toss:Before the start of a game, a toss shall be conducted and the side
winning the toss shall exercise the choice in either to serve or receive
first; to start play at one end of the court or the other. The side losing
the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.
6. Scoring System: A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
Every time there is a serve, there is a point scored. The side winning a
rally adds a point to its score. At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point
lead first, wins that game. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point,
wins that game. The side winning a game serves first in the next game.
7. Interval and Change of Ends: When the leading score reaches 11 points,
players have a 60 second interval. A 2 minute interval between each
game is allowed. Players shall change ends at the end of the first game,
at the end of the second game, if there is a third game; and in the third
game, when the leading score reaches 11 points the ends will be
changed. If the ends are not changed it shall be done so as soon as the
mistake is discovered and when the shuttle is not in play. The existing
score shall stand.
 8. Service Court Errors: A service court error has been made when a
player;
has served or received out of turn or
has served or received from the wrong service court.
If service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the
existing score shall stand.
9. Let: ‘Let’ shall be called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no
umpire), to halt play. It shall be a ‘let’, if:
a) the server serves before the receiver is ready. e during service, the
receiver and the server are both faulted;
b) after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
● caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
● after passing over the net is caught in the net;
● during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates
from the rest of the shuttle.
● during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates
from the rest of the shuttle.
● in the opinion of the umpire, play is disrupted or player of the opposing
side is distracted by a coach;
● a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision;
or
● any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
c) When a ‘let’ occurs, play since the last service shall not count
and the player who served last shall serve again.
10. FAULT:
a) Shuttle goes under the net
b) Shuttle touches the dress
c) Shuttle goes outside the court
d) Shuttle touches the roof
e) Shuttle goes to the side
f) Racket slips away from hand
 DUTIES OF OFFICIALS
1. REFREE: The referee shall be in overall charge of the tournament or
event of which a match forms part.
a) He/She shall ensure that the tournament is conducted in
accordance with the laws, the rules and regulations of the
Badminton World Federation (BWF).
b) He should ensure that the players are given facilities and playing
conditions of an adequate standard and safety, approval of the
programme of play and practice schedule.
c) He shall also ensure that there is an adequate panel of technical
officials of requisite ability and appropriate international
representation.
2. UMPIRE:
a) Call the team and introduce them
b) Conduct the toss
c) Start the match by saying ‘play’
d) Does scoring
e) Gives foul
f) Call for let
3. SERVICE JUDGE:
a) Checks the fault in service, if any
b) Checks the foot fault
c) Checks the net height
d) Provides shuttle cock
e) Checks whether the service is rightly conducted
f) Assists the umpire
BADMINTON COURT
BADMINTON EQUIPMENTS
 BADMINTON TOURNAMENTS

1. Thomas Cup: Thomas Cup is the international men’s championship.

Thus the championship was started in 1948. It is held after every three
years.
2. Uber Cup: Uber Cup is the international women’s championship. It was
started in 1956. This championship is held every three years. Ia
3. All England Championship: This championship was first held in 1899.
It was the premier tournament of the world.
4. World Cup: The world cup tournament was started in 1981. It was
started to provide an opportunity to earn more money to the top
badminton players.
5. Asian Games: In Asian Games, badminton competition was started in
1962. National Badminton Championship. It is the championship of
India for men and women.
6. Inter State Badminton Championship:Iit is a national level
championship in which associations of badminton send their teams.
7. Yonex Cup
8. China Cup
9. International Challenge
10. Mayors Cup
11. Grand Pix Gold
12. Sudirman Cup
 BADMINTON FEDERATION

1. School Games Federation of India (SGFI)

2. Indian Olympic Association
3. Olympic Committee of Asia
4. South Asian Federation
5. Badminton World Federation (BWF)
6. Badminton Asia Confederation (BAC)
7. Badminton Europe (BE)
8. Badminton Pan Am (BPA)
9. Badminton Confederation of Africa (BCA)
10. Badminton Oceania (BO)
11. Badminton Association of India
[Link] Chand

Syed Modi
 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES
The brief introduction of some of the badminton players is given below:
1. Nandu Natekar: He is the winner of the men's singles title of the
national badminton championship six times. He has got “Lifetime
Achievement Award '' also.
2. Prakash Padukone: He won nine national titles consecutively from
1971 to 1979. He got the gold medal in the Commonwealth Games in
1978 which were held in Edmonton (Canada). He got the Arjuna Award
in 1972. He was also awarded ‘Padmashri Award’ in 1982.
3. P. Gopi Chand: P. Gopi Chand is an outstanding badminton player of
India. He won the national championship several times and got the gold
medal in the All England Badminton Championship in 2001. He was
awarded the Arjuna Award in 1999. He was also awarded with the
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in 2000.
4. Madhumita Bisht: She is an outstanding and most successful
badminton player of India. She won the national championship
(women) eight times. She also won the French Open title also. She was
awarded the Arjuna Award in 1982. .
5. Syed Modi. He won the national title of badminton eight times. He also
got the gold
INTERNATIONAL PERSONALITIES:
6. Susi Susanti: She is an outstanding and famous player of Indonesia.
She was born on Feb. 1, 1971 in Indonesia. She got the gold medals in
the world championship (Birmingham), Grand Prix (Kuala Lumpur)
and in the World Cup (New Delhi).
7. Gao Ling
8. Lin Dan
9. Cai Yun
10. Lin Ying
11. Huang Sui