REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Effectiveness of Learning Management System

We know that the COVID-19 Pandemic greatly impacted the education sector. The
majority of schools around the world, including the Philippines, have transitioned into the
online mode of learning. This proposes a new challenge to educators and students to adapt
to the new mode of learning. The schools here in the Philippines adapted to the situation by
means of an online learning management system (LMS). In this paper, the researchers
tackle the effectiveness of the online LMS of select private higher education institutions in
Pampanga, Philippines in delivering engineering education. The researchers wanted to know
if the online LMS of these schools were effective in terms of delivering quality engineering
education to students.

According to (VM Bradley, 2021) Learning Management Systems (LMS) reinforce the
learning process through online classroom environments. A standard LMS supports an
inclusive learning environment for academic progress with interceding structures that
promote online collaborative-groupings, professional training, discussions, and
communication among other LMS users. Also (Lee Yen Chaw, Chun Meng Tang, 2018)
stated that learning management systems (LMSs) may provide learners with resources in
various formats, such as videos, quizzes, and forum discussions to support their learning,
but having access to an LMS does not necessarily mean that learning has occurred
effectively. Despite its apparent usefulness, whether the use of the LMS can indeed help
learners learn more effectively remains an interesting matter for course providers, LMS
vendors, and learners. One of the most common practices of these environments are
learning management systems (LMS) where the learners and instructors utilise a software
platform to fulfil, support and manage instructional activities around predefined objectives
(Hasan Tinmaz & Jin Hwa Lee, 2020). According to (NT Nguyen, 2021) as users could be
seen as the key stakeholders who impact the system’s survival, their attitudes toward the
system are put in high consideration. The study aims to provide the researchers' evidence to
conclude whether the online LMS of these universities is effective in delivering engineering
education to students. Continuous learning is important, especially for students. In
education, the sector has adapted to the new mode of learning to provide quality students
with education. It is important to determine the effectiveness of these learning management
systems of each school because this will have a direct impact on the learning of the
students.

The study focuses on the effectiveness of the online learning management system
in delivering engineering courses by selected private higher education institutions in
Pampanga. Based on the research and survey conducted by the researchers, they found out
that the majority of the students agreed and were neutral on the questions asked. According
to the findings of the study, online classes should be observed over a longer period of time to
assess students' adaptability to the new mode of [Link] study needs to have a greater
number of respondents not just for a certain school or department but also from different
year levels and courses, because in the results of the conducted surveys, the researchers
can see that a lot of students are neutral in their position on whether the online classes are
effective. Students of today's generation can easily cope with the advancement of
technology and there are different ways and methods to learn. So, in conclusion, learning
management systems used in online classes or distance learning will be effective as long as
the students are willing to learn and study every lesson or topics that are being discussed in
an online class setup.

Accessibility of LMS

According to Foxwell (2021), An LMS, or Learning Management System, is a

software platform that helps a company handle the “soup to nuts” of learning in an
organisation: administration, tracking, records, automation and delivery of learning content.
Features vary depending on the vendor, but at minimum an LMS allows one to house online
learning material and capture the data on who viewed it, and when. They can be great tools
for managing learning and development and making it easier to handle important aspects of
education, such as compliance, assessments and record-keeping. Without an LMS, teaching
is typically much more labor intensive, with manual records, and more limited options for
getting material in front of learners. An LMS can mean a significant investment for an
organisation, so you want to be sure you spend your money wisely, and find the solution with
the best fit, including both for the present, and the future. The number of platforms and the
capabilities they offer have grown dramatically over the last 10 years, so there’s a lot out
there to choose from. The downside of all that choice is that it can seem overwhelming, so
solid planning on the front end is critical.

Apart from the more obvious elements, such as cost and basic operational
capabilities, consider who your users are, and their needs. Have an open mind beyond the
current state of your learners too; choosing a platform with robust features and flexibility
means you can have a wider range of future learners fully engaged in learning. Adjusting or
augmenting your existing LMS can yield similar results. Don’t feel tied to what you have, and
don’t settle for less than the best you can offer.

Last, but not least, it’s worth noting that the latest generation are generally pretty
keen on educational opportunities, social justice and greater equity, so when you can include
information about what you offer in relation to these – and your level of inclusiveness with it
– you may well find you attract and retain top students as a result. It can only help to show
that you take inclusivity in learning and development seriously, and that it’s beneficial for
everyone in your organisation, and beyond.

Benefits Of LMS

According to Kaya Ismali ( 2021 ), LMS stands for Learning Management System.
This is a form of software that enables companies and educational institutions to create and
manage lessons, courses, quizzes, and other training materials. A learning management
system helps organisations deliver training materials to students and workers quickly and
efficiently. The best way to understand learning management systems is to think about how
they're used and deployed. Some systems are large, complex, and used by thousands of
students. Others are smaller installations accessed by a handful of employees for in-house
training. Many educational institutions and big businesses use LMS platforms to support
their education and training systems. Many schools started to make more extensive use of
learning management systems during the pandemic. An LMS can be a low-cost way of
conveying information and helping people to learn a new skill. The platform can deliver
content to a large number of people in various locations, and it can test those individuals to
ensure they've learned the content.

The most obvious benefit of an LMS is that it supports the development of knowledge
among students or employees. Let’s dig a little deeper into why an LMS is so useful. First,
an LMS gives an organisation somewhere to centrally house its training and development
content. It can be stored, managed, edited, and deleted from within the same software.
Multiple people can work on the content, and courses can be updated over time to keep the
content current. An LMS also saves money, since traditional forms of training, such as
seminars or training days, directly impact the company’s bottom line. With an LMS, users
can access their learning environment from anywhere. Learning can take place at any time,
at the learner's own pace, and without draining company resources or incurring travel
expenses. The use case of an LMS becomes particularly strong for large companies that
regularly recruit short-term staff and need to deliver training regularly. An LMS can improve
efficiency for such businesses.

However, there are many enterprise platforms available today that are delivered as a
managed cloud solution. Companies that lack a large in-house team may find
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) deployments useful. With a SaaS solution, you get the power
and flexibility of an online course platform without the technical challenges of running it. To
get the most out of your LMS, your business will need engaging and interesting course
content. Whether the courses are intended for onboarding new staff or training existing
employees, the content must hold their interest.