St.

Mary’s College of Baliuag

Baliuag, Bulacan
SY 2022-2023

ISO 9001:2015 Certified

Certificate No. 01 100 1534708 PAASCU Level III Accredited

Subject: Personal Development Grade Level: Grade 12

Quarter: First Module Number: 5
Topic: Cognitive Development (Human as Rational Being)

I. INTRODUCTION
Cognitive development means how children think, explore and figure things
out. It is the development of knowledge, skills, problem solving and
dispositions, which help children to think about and understand the world
around them. Brain development is part of cognitive development.
In this lesson, we are going to tackle a lesson on how we can improve our
cognitions as it is important in thinking and logical capabilities of a person. This
will also include awareness of what is your dominant side of brain.

II. THIS LESSON WAS MADE FOR YOU TO:

• Interpret the concepts of mental health and psychological well-being in
everyday observations about mental health problems during the middle
and late adolescence.
• Discuss the left and right brain and the two types of mind-mapping
techniques in improving one’s learning and critical thinking in search for
truth

III. DISCUSSION
A. Presentation of the Lesson

Initial Activity: How will you respond?

You are driving down the road in your car on a wild, stormy night, when you pass
by a bus stop and you see three people waiting for the bus:
a. An old lady who looks as if she is about to die
b. An old friend who once saved your life
c. The perfect partner you have been dreaming about

Knowing that there can only be one passenger in your car, whom would you
choose? Why?

Letter of Choice: ___

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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Brain and its functions

The brain has three major parts -- the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain
stem. The brain stem connects the spinal cord and the brain. It controls functions that
keep people alive such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and food digestion. Those
activities occur without any thought. You aren't telling yourself, "Inhale. Exhale. Inhale."
You're just breathing.

Things are different in the cerebellum. That region controls voluntary movement.
When you want to lift your fork, wave your hand, brush your hair or wink at a cutie, you
form the thought and then an area in the cerebellum translates your will into action. It
happens so quickly. Think about how little time passes between your desire to continue
reading this sentence and the time it takes your eyes to move to this word or this one. It
seems automatic, but it isn't.

Neurons, the basic functional units of the nervous system, are three-part units and
are key to brain function. They are comprised of a nerve cell body, axon, and dendrite,
and the power the rapid-fire process that turns thought into movement. The thought
moves as an electrical signal from the nerve cell down the axon to a dendrite, which looks
like branches at the end of nerve cells. The signal jumps from the end of the dendrite on
one cell across the space, called a synapse, to the dendrite of another cell with the help
of chemicals called neurotransmitters. That signal continues jumping from cell to cell until
it reaches the muscle you need to wave, wink, or walk.

The cerebrum is the largest of the three brain sections, accounts for about 85
percent of the brain's weight, and has four lobes. The lobes-frontal, parietal, temporal
and occipital -- each have different functions. They get their names from the sections
of the skull that are next to them.

The parietal lobe helps people understand what they see and feel, while the frontal
lobe determines personality and emotions. Vision functions are located in the occipital
lobe, and hearing and word recognition abilities are in the temporal lobe.

Activity: BRAIN DOMINANCE

Which of these apply to you?

A. Set A
___ I am very organized.
___ I remember faces more than names.
___ I think things through before making a decision.
___ If someone’s mad at me, I can tell even without the person saying a word.
___ I work best in a quiet space.
B. Set B
___ I daydream a lot.
___ I hate taking risks.
___ I tend to get emotional.
___ I make a to-do-list.
___ I trust my “gut instinct”

If you have more “yes” answers from the set A, you are probably left-brain dominant, while
if you have more “yes” answers from the set B, you are probably right-brain dominant.

The Dominant side of the Brain

Researchers believed that brain dominance determines a person’s preferences,

problem-solving style, personality characteristics, and even career choices. For example,
a right-brain individual will quickly get a feeling for a situation, while a left-brain person
will usually ask a lot of questions first. The following chart reflects additional difference
between left and right-brain dominance.

Preference Activity
Left Dominance Right Dominance
Classical Music Popular Music
Being on Time In good times
Careful Planning To visualize the outcomes
To consider alternative To go with the first idea
Being thoughtful Being Active
Monopoly, scrabble, and chess Athletics, art, or music.

There is nothing good or bad about either preference. Both orientations can be
equally successful in accomplishing a single task; however, one may be more appropriate
over the other depending on the situation.

Activity: MIND MAPPING

Mind mapping is a powerful thinking tool. It is a graphical technique that mirrors the way
the brain works and was invented by Tony Buzan. Mind mapping helps to make thinking
visible. Most people make notes using lined paper and blue or black ink. Making notes
more attractive to the brain by adding color and rhythm can aid the learning process and
can help to make learning fun. The subject being studied is crystallized in a central image
and the main theme radiates out from the central image on branches. Each branch holds
a key image or a key word. Details are then added to the main branches and radiate
further out. Mind maps have a wide variety of uses, for example, note taking, revision
planning, planning for writing and problem solving can all be successfully carried out using
the technique. The colors and the graphics used will help children to organize their ideas
and thoughts. They can be very simple or, quite detailed depending upon the age of the
children and the complexity of the subject. Because creating the mind map involves the
use of the left and right brain, remembering the information becomes easier!
Below is an example of a simple mind map linked to the information above.

IV. REMEMBER:

• Each of us must care our brains as like with the parts of the body it can also
be damaged through improper use.
• Everyone has a dominant side of brain, but this does not mean that it is
limited with the activities for one can train oneself to do what the other side
of brain can do.
• Mind mapping is one of the classic ways of improving the brain and
organizing and creating new ideas which are drawn from oneself.

V. REFERENCE/S:

Ilag-Ramos, M. (2016). Moving Up: A Guide to Personal and Career Development. “Self
Development”; Phoenix Publishing House

New American Bible Revised Edition. (2012).St. Paul's Publishing.

Prepared by: Checked by:

Ms. Edelyn Manalili Ms. Edilyn Bucar

Personal Development Teacher IBEd CL Area Coordinator

Reviewed by: Approved by:

Ms. Jennifer Santos Mr. Perfecto Austria
IBEd Academic Coordinator IBEd Principal