CHAPTER Whole Number (Operation, © Multiplication and Divisio, Outcomes: Develop and apply procedures to multiply ang divide whole numbers to solve problems, Vocabulary: profit loss rate weekly hourly daily monthly yearly by the minute + Solve a variety of word problems using Problem, solving strategies, including mental strategies Demonstrate an understanding of estimation ski Use the relationship between multiplication ‘ang division to check answers. Create number stories using appropriate languag 7 Communicate effectively using vocabulary associated with number.ee ——— Getting Ready for Chapter 6 Jocks cost if one clock costs $56? 1, How much would 8c ) $56 lings. In each row there are 8 pepper mer plants 5 rows of pepper seedlings. ° Ais Tea me pepper trees did he plant? ss was given 18 kg of sand fo be filled into 2-kg paper cups. How many Aclas . ill be needed to use up all the sand? paper cups wi 4. Five pupils in the class shared $20 equally among themselves. How much did each pupil get? 5. Four packs of cherries cost $12. What will 1 pack of cherry cost? | | 6. Seth pays $8 for 4 lollipops. How much money will he have to pay for 7 of those lollipops? | 1s] | | 4QC, Multiplication of Whole Numbers Learning Target: * |can model the multiplication of whole numbers, Concrete, pictorially and record the process. Ve f words and diagrams * can explain through the use ©! ISTAMS the Becadsed involving multiplication using whole Numbers, * Ican generalise and apply rules (algorithms) for Multiplicgs,, involving whole numbers. or Vocabulary: product multiplier multiplicand Teaching Point 1: Multiply two-digit numbers by one-digit numbers. Mr. Johnson has 12 boxes of crayons. Each box has 8 crayons. How many crayons does he have altogether? 1. This can be demonstrated using rows and columns or arrays, as follow aedeae ees - ’ 4 4 a 5 . ‘ 12 X 8 = 96 crayons 4S 7 STS / - Multiplying another way Ee 8X 12 =96 crayons PEELCCLY Corrine ey Poe e 4 4 of multiplication TAA A fp ff LL ff Sf2. This problem can also be solved using the Area Model. The area shaded blue Is 10 x 8 = 80 The area shaded brown Is2x8=16 The entire area Is 80+ 16=96 Hence, 12 x 8 = 96 crayons The area model also demonstrates the distributive property of multiplication. This property uses the value of the digits . in a number. For example, 12 x 8 = (10 x 8) + (2 x 8) = 80+ 16=96 Teaching Point 2: Multiply three-digit numbers by one-digit numbers. 273 guests were invited to a birthday party. Five plates were provided for each person. How many plates were bought for the guests? 1. Using the Area Model Tens Ones Hundreds t 5 t —__ 200 —__+ + 0 —++ 3 + The entire area of the three sections is: 1 000 + 350 + 15 = 1 365 Hence, 273 x 5 = 1 365 plates. 2. Using the distributive property of multiplication, we have 273 x 5 = (200+ 70+3) x5 Therefore, 273 x 5 = (200 x 5) + (70 x 5) + (3 x 5) =1000+350+15 = 1365 platesTeaching Point 3: Multiply two-digit numbers by two-digit numbers. Each adult has 32 permanent teeth. How many teeth would a dentist hay. examine if he attends to 17 individuals who have all their teeth? 1. Using the Area Model The area shaded purple is 30 x 10 = 300 The areas shaded blue is 30 x 7 = 210 And 10x 2 = 20 The area shaded brown is 2 x 7 = 14 The entire area of the four sections is: 300 + 210 + 20 + 14 = SU Hence, 32 x 17 = SU4 teeth 2. Using the distributive property of multiplication, we have 32 x 17 = (30 + 2) x (10 +7) Therefore, 32 x 17 = (30 x 10) + (30 x 7) + (2x 10) + (2x7) = 300 + 210 + 20+ 14 = SUY teeth 30 ——44.3,Activity 1 save the problems below. Avery long truck has 18 wheels. There * in aparking lot. What is the total num! the trucks in the parking lot? are 9 such trucks ber of wheels on 2, Whotis the product of 93 and 8? 3. Every day, 586 people visit the zoo. How man ey to Friday? y individuals visited the zoo from y, Asupermarket sells 85 kg of cheese every day. How many kilograms of cheese does it sell in 7 days? © 5. There are 6 identical wings in a school building. Each wing can 7 accommodate 75 students. How many students will the schoo! building hold when full? 6 Afarmer plants a field of cassava in rows. He made 46 rows, and in each row, there were 32 cassava plants. Calculate the total number of cassava plants in his garden. 1. What is the product of 813 and 9?8. Whats the total number of hours in 45 days? 9. Calculate the number of days in 468 weeks. 10. A grocer sold 26 boxes of grapes during the Christmas season. If each box was sold for $345, how much money did he collect? 11. Ina mathematics speed test, each of the 27 boys made 95 marks. What , the total marks made by the boys? 12. What will be the total length of 9 pieces of board each measuring 196 cm? 13. At an electronics manufacturing outlet, 65 television sets are made each day. At this rate, how many television sets would be made during a 28-day l period? BaeTeaching Point 4: Find the product of 58 and 9. using the algorithm 1. Use the distributive property to check. 58x 9 = (50x 9) + (8x9) =450 + 72 = 522 Multiply the ones, and regroup. 9x8=72 ones 72 ones = 7 tens and 2 ones 2. Multiply the tens. Add the regroup ten. 9x 5=45 tens 45+7= 52 tens 3. 52 tens = 5 hundreds and 2 tens. Activity 1: Find the products of the following. )) a 2)--78' 3) 90 4) 63 x x5 x7 x 8 5) ) a 6) 803 7) 940 8) 581 a x6 x8 x9 samme 711) 2150 9) 1501 a x6 13) 1023 x9 14) 634 17) 4182 x2 Activity 2: Solve the following problems. How many cans of soft drink does he have altogether? 2. Write the total number of hours in 6 days. 3. Ifa man washes 8 cars each day, how many cars would he wash in 250 days? 1. Ashopkeeper has 8 crates of soft drink. Each crate has 24 soft drink cans. in one week? same fish? 4. A bakery bakes 366 pastries every day. How many pastries would be bake One kilogram of fish is sold for $45. What is the cost of 8 kilograms of the lay 2 500 bricks? 6. Amason charges $2 to lay one brick. How much money would he charg?Teaching Point 5: Find the product of 37 and 24. The algorithm really uses the distributive property, in that, 37 x 2 = (37 x 20) + (37 x4) = 7404148 = 888 Step 1: 2x7=2 tens x 7= 14 tens 14 tens = 1 hundred 4 tens 20 x 30 = 20 x 3 fens = 60 fens 60 tens = 6 hundreds Add the hundreds 6 hundreds + 1 hundreds = 7 hundreds Add 7 hundreds + 4 fens + 0 ones Part of the product 37 x 20 = 740 Step 2: 4x 7=4 ones x 7 = 28 ones 28 ones = 2 tens 8 ones 4 x 30=4 x 3 tens = 12 tens 12 tens = 1 hundreds 2 fens Add 1 hundreds + 2 tens + 2 tens + 8 ones = 1 hundreds + 4 tens + 8 ones Part of the product 37 x 4 = 148Step 3: Add the two parts of the product 740 + 148 = 888 Activity 1: Find the product of the following. 1) 57 2) 78 3) 90 4) 63 A a uy 15 x 37 x 18 5) 79 6) 83 7) 40 8) 81 |] x57 x 26 x 18 x 19 % 58 10) 37 11) 50 12) 97 x 26 x 32 x x 15 13) 25 14) 67 Ty 49 16) 50 x 32 x 71 x 48 x15 foes fae ‘[— wuss 17) 47 18) 78 19) 80 20) 71 x 22 x 43 x 30 x 51activity 2 \ ove the following problems. a shopkeeper has 24 boxes of milo. Each tins of Milo does the shopkeeper have? box has 12 tins of milo. How many y ind the product of 53 and 16. One school skirt cost $ 128. How much would 16 school skirts cost? cost? Afarmer collects 88 eggs each day. H Seeks? ly. How many eggs would be collected in There are 144 marbles in a box. How mat en bores? ny Marbles would there be in 30 7, What is 38 x 14? 8, The mass of 1 box of potatoes is 51 kg. What is the mass of 15 boxes. 9. Sixteen maxi-taxis transported spectators to a foo! tball game. carried 26 persons, how many persons travelled by ound al Whole Number (Operations): Multiplication and Division |