Section 1: CT Sizing (The IEC 60044 Method)
Objective: CT Sizing for 33/0.8 kV, 3 MVA Transformer Protection
1.1 CT Ratio (CTR) Calculation:
Transformer Rated Voltage = 33/0.8 kV
Transformer Rated MVA = 3.15 MVA
Transformer HV side Current at rated Voltage = 3.15MVA/(3.15 MVA/( √ 3 × 33 kV )
= 55.11Amp
Transformer HV side Current @ 95% Voltage = (3.15 MVA/( √ 3 × 33 kV × .95)
= 58.01 Amp
Hence CT ratio for CT located on Transformer HV side :
(including safety margin)
Primary = 75 Amp
Secondary = 5 Amp
So, CT Ratio (CTR) = 75/5 Amp
1.2 CT Burden Calculation:
Relay (PCS 9611) Burden = .25VA( Acc. To manual)
Relay Resistive Burden,Relay = 0.25/52
= 0.01Ω
CT lead length = 5 meter
CT lead area cross section = 6mm2
Lead ressistence Rleads (Two leads – supply, return) = 2 ρ l /a
= 2x0.0175X5/6
= 0.029
Total Burden (R'b) = 0.01 Ω+0.029 Ω
= 0.039 Ω
1.3 CT Secondary Resistance (RCT ) Calculation:
CT rated VA = 5.0 VA
CT Secondary Current = 5.0 Amp
CT allowable resistive burden (Rb) = 5.0/52 Ω
= 0.2 Ω
For CT operation; R'b ≤ Rb
0.039 Ω ≤ 0.2 Ω
So, 5 VA CT will Okay
Given Rct = 0.059 Ω (Manufacture Data)
R ct+ R b
Now, according to IEC 60044 kr =kn where
R ct+ R ' b
Rct is secondary winding DC resistance.
Rb is rated resistive burden of the relay.
kn is rated short-ckt symmetrical current factor.
Kr is effectived short-ckt symmetrical current factor
Require Kr = 2×
Is
¿
where
Is is maximum 3 phase Faualt current = 0. 929 kA or 929 A
In Primary nominal current = 75 A
Kn =20
929
Require Kr = 2×
75
= 24.77
0.059+0.2
Available Kr for Total Burden 0.039 Ω(R'b) =20
0.059+0.039
=52.85714
Available Kr ≥ Require Kr so there is no CT saturation
Maximum CT knee voltage require = ALF(kn)x In( Ct rated secondary)X(Rct+R'b)
=20x5(0.059 +0.039)
= 9.8V
Section 6: CT Sizing (The IEC 60044 Method)
Objective: CT Sizing for Incomer O/C and E/F Protection
6.1 CT Ratio (CTR) Calculation:
i) Transformer Station:
Transformer Rated MVA = 3 MVA
Transformer Rated Voltage = 33/0.8 kV
Transformer HV side Current at rated Voltage = (3.15 MVA/( √ 3 × 33 kV )
= 52.5 Amp
Transformer HV side Current @ 95% Voltage = (3.15 MVA/( √ 3 × 33 kV × .95)
= 55.3 Amp
Total No. of transformers = 3 Nos.
Total HV side current for 3 transformers = 3*55.3
= 166 Amp
ii) SVG Station:
SVG Rated MVA = 2.5 MVA
SVG Transformer Rated Voltage = 33/10 kV
SVG HV side Current at rated Voltage = (2. 5 MVA /( √ 3 ×33 kV )
= 43.8 Amp
SVG HV side Current @ 95% Voltage = (2. 5 MVA /( √ 3 ×33 kV × 0.95)
= 46.2Amp
iii) Total HV Bus Current = 166 Amp + 46.2 Amp
= 213 Amp
Hence CT ratio (including safety margin) for incomer CT :
Primary = 300 Amp
Secondary = 5 Amp
Comment:
According to calculation, CT ratio (CTR) 300/5 is enough.
But CTR 600/5 is preffered in SLD, so it is also okay.
CT Ratio (CTR) =600/5
6.2 CT Burden Calculation:
Relay (PCS 9611) Burden = .25VA( Acc. To manual)
Relay Resistive Burden, Relay = 0.25/52
= 0.01Ω
CT lead length = 10 meter
CT lead area cross section = 6mm2
Lead ressistence Rleads (Two leads – supply, return) = 2 ρ l /a
= 2x0.0175X5/6
= 0.058 Ω
Total Burden (R'b) = 0.01 Ω+0.058 Ω
= 0.068Ω
6.3 CT Secondary Resistance (RCT ) Calculation:
CT rated VA = 20.0 VA
CT Secondary Current = 5.0 Amp
CT allowable resistive burden (Rb) = 5.0/52 Ω
= 0.8 Ω
For CT operation; R'b ≤ Rb
0.068 Ω ≤ 0.8 Ω
So, 20 VA CT will Okay
Given Rct = 0.404 Ω (Manufacture Data)
R ct+ R b
Now, according to IEC 60044 kr =kn where
R ct+ R ' b
Rct is secondary winding DC resistance.
Rb is rated resistive burden of the relay.
kn is rated short-ckt symmetrical current factor.
Kr is effectived short-ckt symmetrical current factor
Require Kr = 2×
Is
¿
where
Is is maximum 3 phase Faualt current = 0. 929 kA or 929 A
In Primary nominal current = 600 A
Kn = 20
929
Require Kr = 2×
600
= 3.096
0.404+0.8
Available Kr for Total Burden 0.068 Ω(R'b) =20
0.404+0.068
=51.01
Available Kr ≥ Require Kr so there is no CT saturation
Maximum CT knee voltage require = ALF(kn)x In( Ct rated secondary)X(Rct+R'b)
=20x5(0.404 +0.068)
= 47.2V
