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Understanding Sample Spaces in Probability

The document explains the concept of sample space in probability, defining it as the set of all possible outcomes from an experiment. It provides examples of sample spaces for coin tosses and dice rolls, distinguishing between discrete and continuous sample spaces. Additionally, it illustrates how to construct sample spaces for both indistinguishable and distinguishable coins.

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Milena Valeriano
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7 views7 pages

Understanding Sample Spaces in Probability

The document explains the concept of sample space in probability, defining it as the set of all possible outcomes from an experiment. It provides examples of sample spaces for coin tosses and dice rolls, distinguishing between discrete and continuous sample spaces. Additionally, it illustrates how to construct sample spaces for both indistinguishable and distinguishable coins.

Uploaded by

Milena Valeriano
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Members:

• Delgado Lavayen Daniela Dayanna


• Heras León Danna Alejandra
• Loor Aguas Gabriela Melissa
• Valeriano Chavarría Milena Yulexsy
Sample Space
The sample space is a group of all the specific results that can be obtained from
all the possible simple events of an experiment, leaving it to the person who
performs the experiment to choose the one that best suits them according to
their interests.

Sample space of a coin:


S = {h, t}.
The sample space is represented by S.
Sample space of a die:
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
Example 1:
• Construct a sample space for the situation that the coins are indistinguishable, such as two brand new
pennies.
• Construct a sample space for the situation that the coins are distinguishable, such as one a penny and the
other a nickel.

Solution:
After the coins are tossed one sees either two heads, which could be labeled 2h, two tails, which could be labeled 2t,
or coins that differ, which could be labeled d. Thus, a sample space is S={2h,2t,d}.
Since we can tell the coins apart, there are now two ways for the coins to differ: the penny heads and the nickel
tails, or the penny tails and the nickel heads. We can label each outcome as a pair of letters, the first of which
indicates how the penny landed and the second of which indicates how the nickel landed. A sample space is then
S={hh,ht,th,tt}.
Example 2:
• Construct a sample space for the experiment that consists of tossing a
single coin.

Solution:

The outcomes could be labeled h for heads and t for tails. Then the sample
space is the set

S= {h,t}.
Types of sample spaces
Discrete sample space: a sample space
is discrete when the number of possible
outcomes is finite or countably infinite.

Continuous sample space: a sample


space is continuous when the number of
possible outcomes is infinite.
Discrete sample space example:
In a single toss of the die, the sample space is S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, which is a space
with a finite number of points.

Continuous sample space example:


The weight of the students in a class is a continuous sample space because the
weight of each individual can be any positive number:

S= { 65,00 kg, 49,91 kg, 52,37 kg, 83,23 kg, 57,82 kg,…}.
Thanks for you attention

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