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Grammar Revision: Key Concepts and Exercises

This document is a grammar revision answer key that covers several topics: 1. Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives with examples and exercises. 2. The present simple tense with questions, short answers, affirmative and negative forms using verbs like "be", "have got" and others. 3. Other grammar topics covered include possessive 's, there is/there are, object pronouns, questions and adverbs of frequency. The answer key provides explanations, examples and exercises for students to practice and test their understanding of basic English grammar.

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Maria Del Sol
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
85 views7 pages

Grammar Revision: Key Concepts and Exercises

This document is a grammar revision answer key that covers several topics: 1. Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives with examples and exercises. 2. The present simple tense with questions, short answers, affirmative and negative forms using verbs like "be", "have got" and others. 3. Other grammar topics covered include possessive 's, there is/there are, object pronouns, questions and adverbs of frequency. The answer key provides explanations, examples and exercises for students to practice and test their understanding of basic English grammar.

Uploaded by

Maria Del Sol
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Subject Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives
  • be: Present Simple
  • Present Simple: Affirmative and Negative
  • Object Pronouns and Adverbs of Frequency
  • Comparative Adjectives
  • Superlative Adjectives and Present Continuous
  • can and can’t, Countable and Uncountable Nouns
  • Past Simple

GRAMMAR REVISION ANSWER KEY

SUMMER 2020

1
Subject pronouns and Possessive adjectives 8 Jack, Emily and I haven’t got a guitar.

1 Complete the possessive adjectives in the table. 6 Write questions and short answers. Use the correct
Subject pronouns Possessive adjectives form of have got.
I my 1 Has he got laptop? Yes, he has.
you (1) y OUR 2 Have they got bicycles? No, they haven’t.
he (2) h IS 3 Have we got a dictionary? Yes, we have.
she (3) h ER 4 Has Sophie got a cat? No, she hasn’t.
it (4) i TS 5 Have you got a school bag? Yes, I have.
6 Have I got a calculator? No, you haven’t.
we (5) o UR
they (6) t HEIR
be: present simple
2 Choose the correct option.
1 Complete the sentences with ’m, ’s, or’re.
1 My uncle is Portuguese. He lives in Porto.
1 It’s half past six.
2 I have got two sisters. Our dad is English.
2 You’re in my class.
3 When do you play tennis?
3 We’re from Spain.
4 I’ve got Mr and Mrs Smith’s address, but what’s their
4 Laura is my friend.
phone number?
5 I’m twelve years old.
5 There’s my mother. She’s with her best friend, Sue.
6 She’s my mother.
They go everywhere together.
6 I’ve got a black and white cat. Its name is Figaro. 2 Complete the sentences with the affirmative or negative
7 We go to church every Sunday. form of be.
1 We aren’t from Portugal.
3 Complete the sentences with a subject pronoun or a
possessive adjective. 2 My name is Julia.
3 I’m not at school right now.
1 Rob and Jess are friends. THEY are in my class.
4 It isn’t the same.
2 I am fourteen. Today is MY birthday.
5 I’m a student.
3 I want to call Joe. What’s HIS phone number?
6 You’re from Spain.
4 Sean has got a laptop. IT is new.
7 Lena isn’t here today.
5 We are in class 3. Mrs Arnold is OUR teacher.
8 Jo and May are students.

Possessive ’s 3 Complete the questions and short answers.

4 Write sentences with the prompts. Use the possessive 1 Is this your pen? No, it isn’t.
’s or’. 2 Are Lucy and Joe at home? No, they aren’t.
3 Am I in the right classroom? Yes, you are.
1 The teacher’s desk is big.
4 Are we friends? Yes, we are.
2 Grace’s cat is called Tiddles.
5 Is today Tuesday? Yes, it is.
3 The boys’ shoes are dirty.
6 Am I Sara’s cousin? No, you aren’t.
4 James’s calculator is in his school bag.
7 Is Ruben from Spain? No, he isn’t.
5 My parents’ bicycles are next to my bicycle.
8 Are you thirteen years old? Yes, I am.
9 Is she a student? Yes, she is.
have got

5 Look at the table and complete the sentences. Use the


correct form of have got. there is / there are + a, an, some and any
1 Oliver has got a laptop.
4 Write affirmative and negative sentences. Use There’s,
2 Oliver has got a guitar.
There isn’t, There are or There aren’t and a, an, some
3 Jack and Emily have got a dog. or any.
4 Jack and Emily have got a laptop.
1 There aren’t any stairs. ()
5 Jack and Emily haven’t got a guitar.
2 There isn’t a balcony. ()
6 I haven’t got a dog.
3 There are some windows. (✓)
7 Oliver and I have got a laptop.
4 There’s a sofa. (✓)
2
5 There isn’t an umbrella. () Present simple: questions and short answers
6 There’s a shop (✓)
7 There aren’t any lifts () 4 Complete the questions with the words.
8 There’s a fireplace (✓) 1 What do you do? We run and jump.
9 There are some garages (✓) 2 How often do you do it? Every day.
3 Where do you do it? On the streets in
5 Complete the questions with Is there or Are there. Look my city.
at the prompts in brackets and write short answers. 4 Who do you do it with? With friends.
1 Are there any stairs to the top floor? 5 Why do you do it? Because it’s fun.
Yes, there are.
2 Is there a shop in the hotel? 5 Write questions and complete the short answers.
No, there isn’t. 1 Do we have fruit? Yes, we do.
3 Are there any pets in your house? 2 Does Ben chat online? No, he doesn’t.
No, there aren’t. 3 Do you go to the beach? No, I don’t.
4 Are there any chairs in the bedroom? 4 Does Amita play an instrument? Yes, she does.
Yes, there are. 5 Do Javier and Dafne listen to music? Yes, they do.
5 Is there a balcony in the room? 6 Does Manuel play computer games? No, he doesn’t.
No, there isn’t. 7 Do you watch TV? Yes, I do.
6 Is there a swimming pool?
Yes, there is. Object pronouns
7 Is there a restaurant in the hotel?
No, there isn’t. 6 Complete the sentences.
8 Are there any showers by the pool? 1 Jon’s sister helps him with his homework.
Yes, there are. 2 We’re Mr Smith’s favourite students. He likes us.
3 Miriam wants the answer but I don’t know it.
4 These books are for my mum. And this DVD is for
Present simple: affirmative and negative
her, too.
5 ‘I like you. Do you like me?’
1 Complete the sentences with the correct present simple
form of one of the verbs. 6 ‘Silvia! Jorge wants to speak to you. He’s on the
phone.’
1 Maria gets up early during the week.
7 ‘When do you feed your rabbits?’ ‘I feed them before
2 I make my bed in the morning. school.’
3 Paul goes for a walk most evenings.
4 Jude gets changed quickly in the morning. Adverbs of frequency
5 My bike makes a strange noise when I cycle.
6 Ruby and Joe go to the cinema every month. 1 Tick (✓) the correct sentence in each pair.
1 a I go to bed always before 10pm.
2 Rewrite the sentences from exercise 1 in the negative. bI always go to bed before 10pm. ✓
1 Maria doesn’t get up early during the week. 2 a Sean cleans his room never.
2 I don’t make my bed in the morning. b Sean never cleans his room. ✓
3 Paul doesn’t go for a walk most evenings. 3 a I am usually tired at the end of class. ✓
4 Jude doesn’t get changed quickly in the morning.
b I usually am tired at the end of class.
5 My bike doesn’t make a strange noise when I cycle.
4 a We often send text messages to friends. ✓
6 Ruby and Joe don’t go to the cinema every month.
b We send text messages often to friends.
3 Write affirmative or negative sentences. 5 a The children walk usually to school.
1 Sabine goes orienteering every weekend. b The children usually walk to school. ✓
2 Elena doesn’t clean her room every day. 6 a There is usually snow here in winter. ✓
3 Juan doesn’t make breakfast for his family. b There usually is snow here in winter.
4 We feed the animals every morning.
5 Sue and Dave doesn’t go shopping on Sundays.

3
2 Complete the table with the adverbs of frequency.
Comparative adjectives
always
(1)  usually 1 Complete the table.
(2)  often Adjective Comparative
(3)  sometimes
(4)  never (1) slow slower than

(2) big bigger than


3 Write the sentences with the correct adverbs of
frequency from exercise 2.
(3) good better than
1 Carla never eats meat. ()
2 Harry sometimes talks in class. () (4) easy easier than
3 Evie often listens to classical music. ()
(5) popular more popular than
4 Jack usually comes to school with Jess. ()
5 James never brushes his hair. () (6) bad worse than
6 I usually get up late. ()
7 Angus is always tired. () (7) strange stranger than

(8) difficult more difficult than


like + -ing / noun

2 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of


4 Write questions starting with Do you like …?
the adjectives.
1 Do you like running?
1 Skydiving is scarier than surfing.
2 Do you like water sports?
2 The rides at Universal Studios are more exciting the
3 Do you like chatting online?
rides at Disney World.
4 Do you like Beyoncé?
3 My English is better than my French.
5 Do you like Zac Efron?
4 Norway is more expensive than England.
6 Do you like buying clothes?
5 Driving on small roads is more dangerous than
7 Do you like romantic films?
driving on big roads.
8 Do you like listening to classical music?
6 My room is smaller than my sister’s room.
7 Reading books is more interesting than watching TV.
5 Match 1–7 with A–G. 8 Walking the dog is more enjoyable than cleaning your
room.
1 ☺☺☺ C A don’t/doesn’t like
9 Playing computer games is more boring than playing
2 ☺☺ F B like(s)
football.
3 ☺ B C am/are/is crazy about
10 Thunderstorms are more frightening than fireworks.
4  G D can’t stand
5  A E hate(s)
Superlative adjectives
6  D F love(s)
7  E G don’t/doesn’t mind 3 Write the words in the superlative form under the
correct heading.
6 Complete the short answers with the correct form of the
words in exercise 5.
1 Do you like getting up early? -est -st
No, I hate it. ()
2 Does Eva like visiting theme parks?
She doesn’t mind it. () (1) the cheapest (2) the safest
3 Do Hugo and Joe like kitesurfing?
-iest double consonant + -
Yes, they love it. (☺☺)
est
4 Does Dom like swimming?
Yes, he is crazy about it. (☺☺☺)
(3) the snowiest (5) the biggest
5 Do they like ice skating?
(4) the noisiest (6) the hottest
No, they can’t stand it. ()

4
most + adjective irregular 3 Write the words in the correct order.
1 Are you climbing the tree?
(7) the most dangerous (9) the worst 2 Is Alba practising the piano?
(8) the most surprising (10) the best 3 Are they closing / their books?
4 Where is Henry going?
5 Why is she crying?
4 Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the
word in italics.
4 Write present continuous questions.
Luxor is drier than Ica, but Arica in Chile is the driest
1 Is James brushing his hair?
place.
2 Is Sara writing an essay?
1 Waialeale in Hawaii is wetter than Quibdo in
3 Are we doing our homework well?
Colombia, but Cherrapunji in India is the wettest
4 Are they staying in a hotel?
place.
5 Are you closing the door?
2 The Amazon is longer than the Mississippi, but the
Nile is the longest river in the world. 5 Write short answers to the questions in exercise 4.
3 Kebili in Tunisia is hotter than Hamidiyeh in Iran, but
1 () No, he isn’t.
Death Valley, in California, is the hottest place.
2 (✓) Yes, she is.
4 Northice in Greenland is colder than Snag in Canada,
3 (✓) Yes, we are.
but Oymyakon in Siberia is the coldest place.
4 () No, they aren’t.
5 Ireland is cloudier than Norway, but Scotland is the
5 () No, I’m not.
cloudiest place.
6 Sudan is sunnier than Algeria, but Arizona is the
Present continuous and Present simple
sunniest place.
7 Istanbul is more crowded than Mexico City, but 6 Complete the sentences with the present simple or
Shanghai is the most crowded city. present continuous form of the verb in brackets.
8 In my country, autumn is better than winter, but 1 I’m speaking English at the moment.
spring is the best season. 2 Terry study English on Tuesdays.
3 They always walk to school.
Present continuous 4 We aren’t playing football right now.
5 Belen isn’t feeling well at the moment.
1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the -ing form.
1 We are making breakfast. 7 Write sentences. Use the present simple or present
2 Kate and Rosie are carrying some big bags. continuous.
3 Sam is getting changed into his uniform. 1 I’m wearing trainers today.
4 Isobel isn’t swimming in the sea, she’s in the pool. 2 Do you usually go to school by bus?
5 Carla is coming to my house now. 3 Are they living in Madrid at the moment?
6 My grandpa is sitting in his favourite chair. 4 Liz and Phil sail their boat every weekend
5 Look! The baby is waving to you!
2 Write affirmative (+) and negative (–) sentences. Use
6 Do they always spend Saturdays by the sea?
the present continuous.
1 (+) You are drawing a dog. can / can’t for permission and ability
(–) You aren’t drawing a dog.
2 (+) We are hanging out with friends. 1 Complete the sentences with can or can’t and the
(–) We aren’t hanging out with friends. verbs.
3 (+) Carlos is coming to school. 1 I can go home early today. We don’t have a lot of
(–) Carlos isn’t coming to school. work.
4 (+) It is raining. 2 Cary can’t visit her friend. Her mother wants her to
(–) It isn’t raining. stay at home.
5 (+) She’s holding her mother’s hand. 3 We can’t eat sweets in class. The school rules are
(–) She isn’t holding her mother’s hand. very strict.
6 (+) Sophie is diving into the pool. 4 Marco can go to bed late tonight because it’s the
(–) Sophie isn’t diving into the pool. weekend tomorrow.

5
5 My sister can’t use my pens. I need them for my 3 Short hair on European women wasn’t popular until
homework. recently.
6 They can’t watch TV in their room. Their parents don’t 4 Chanel’s real name wasn’t Coco, it was Gabrielle.
like it.
7 You can’t be late to class tomorrow! Remember we 2 Write questions from the prompts.
have an exam. 1 Was Carla at school yesterday?
2 How many people were at the show?
2 Look at the table. Write questions with can and then 3 How much were the tickets?
write short answers. 4 Was she my teacher in 2010?
1 Can Delia speak French? No, she can’t. 5 Where were they yesterday evening?
2 Can Pablo cook? No, he can’t. 6 How was the weather last weekend?
3 Can Marina cook? Yes, she can.
4 Can Delia swim? Yes, she can. there was / there were
5 Can Marina swim? No, she can’t.
3 Write sentences using There wasn’t or There weren’t.
must / mustn’t for obligation and prohibition 1 There wasn’t a place to eat sandwiches.
2 There weren’t many toilets.
3 Javier’s mother is telling him some rules. Write
3 There wasn’t a place to leave our bags.
sentences using must / mustn’t and the phrases.
4 There weren’t any parking spaces.
1 You mustn’t eat so much sugar. 5 There weren’t big crowds.
2 You mustn’t forget your school books. 6 There wasn’t a good roller coaster.
3 You mustn’t make a lot of noise.
4 You must stop eating junk food. Past simple: regular verbs
5 You mustn’t watch too much TV.
6 You must work harder. 4 Complete the table with the verbs.
+ -d + -ed y + -ied double consonant + -ed
Countable and uncountable nouns
compared arrest carried planned
described entered cried robbed
4 Choose the correct option.
escaped jumped tidied stopped
1 There isn’t much cheese.
practised stayed tried travelled
2 Is there any sugar?
3 There aren’t many vegetables.
4 There is a lot of jewellery. 5 Write the affirmative and negative form of the verbs in
5 There are a lot of grapes. the past simple.
6 We haven’t got any mushrooms. 1 brush brushed didn’t brush
7 Is there an egg? 2 carry carried didn’t carry
8 There is some yoghurt. 3 chat chatted didn’t chat
4 rob robbed didn’t rob
5 Read the answers. Then write the questions. Use the
5 try tried didn’t try
phrases in the box.
6 escape escaped didn’t escape
1 Is there any cheese? Yes, there is.
7 cry cried didn’t cry
2 Are there any vegetables? Yes, there are.
8 compare compared didn’t compare
3 Is there an onion? Yes, there is.
4 How much milk is there? There’s a lot.
6 Write negative sentences using the past simple.
1 We didn’t go to the shops
2 He didn’t stay the night
Past simple: be
3 They didn’t open the door
1 Complete the sentences with was / were (✓) or wasn’t / 4 I didn’t try very hard yesterday
weren’t (). 5 The three suspects didn’t escape from the police
1 Jeans weren’t common among rich people. 6 You didn’t practise the violin at the weekend
2 In the 1920s, young boys were happy to wear 7 The food didn’t taste good
dresses.
6
Past simple: irregular and regular verbs 6 Read the answers and complete the questions using the
verbs.
1 Write the past simple form of the verbs. 1 Where did you watch the match? We watched the match in
Infinitive Past simple Valencia.
have (1) had 2 What did you do on holiday? We swam in the sea every
help (2) helped day.
swim (3) swam 3 Why did you travel by train? We travelled by train because
cook (4) cooked we wanted to see lots of cities.
discover (5) discovered 4 When did you get home? ____ We got home last Saturday.
find (6) found 5 Where did you go in Rome? We went to the Colosseum
meet (7) met and the Forum.
travel (8) travelled 6 Who did you see in Paris? We saw my friend Ana.
win (9) won
be going to – future plans
2 Put the words in the correct order using the verbs in the
past simple. 1 Choose the correct words.
1 They travelled to Italy last year. 1 Ben isn’t going to wear his old jeans.
2 We didn’t see you on Monday. 2 We aren’t going to walk to school today.
3 Sean lived in Chile for two years. 3 Laura is going to start piano lessons.
4 It didn’t rain today. 4 I am not going to play football.
5 I made two mistakes in my test. 5 They are going to buy Tom a present.
6 We didn’t watch TV all evening. 6 You aren’t going to go swimming.

3 Complete the story with the verbs in the past simple. 2 Complete the questions with the words.
1 What are you going to do? We’re going to see a film.
We had a great day at the beach yesterday. Some people 2 Are they going to go dancing? Yes, they are.
(1) swam in the sea and others (2) played racket ball on 3 Where is Jamie going to meet Aeron? In the city
the beach. I (3) tried surfing for the first time, but I centre.
(4) fell into the water a lot. It (5) was hot, so we (6) 4 Am I going to fail the test? No, you aren’t.
bought some ice cream. Someone (7) threw a ball and it 5 Why are we going to go by car? Because the trains
(8) hit me on the head, but I (9) didn’t mind. We (10) aren’t running today.
stayed there until early evening. We (11) didn’t want to
leave. 3 Write sentences with be going to.
1 You aren’t going to travel to London.
4 Write negative sentences. 2 Mia is going to read her book.
1 They didn’t watch a film. 3 We are going to visit relatives.
2 Sam didn’t meet Julia’s mother. 4 My parents aren’t going to fly to New York.
3 I didn’t win the lottery. 5 I’m going to play football.
4 Maria didn’t go to school. 6 My brother isn’t going to study.
5 We didn’t make our beds this morning. 7 The dog run after the cat.
6 You didn’t see the bank robbery.
4 Read the weekend plans. Write questions and short
answers.
Past simple: questions
1 Is Jen going to do some shopping? No, she isn’t.
5 Complete the past simple questions. 2 Am I going to do some shopping? No, you aren’t.
1 Did he leave? 3 Is Ali going to watch a film? Yes, he is.
2 Who did I speak to? 4 Am I going to study? Yes, you are.
3 Why did she call you? 5 Is Jen going to watch a film? No, she isn’t.
4 What did we do last Saturday? 6 Are Ali and I going to take a bus? No, you aren’t.
5 Where did you meet? 7 Are Jen and Ali going to study? Yes, they are.
6 Did they wait for us? 8 Are Jen and Ali going to take a bus? No, they aren’t.

Common questions

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Short answers like 'Yes, she is' or 'No, I’m not,' serve to confirm or negate the posed question concisely and maintain the conversational context. They rely on the auxiliary verbs from the question to keep the response relevant and ensure question-answer agreement, promoting effective communication by rooted responses .

The present continuous is used for actions occurring at the moment of speaking, like 'I’m speaking English at the moment,' whereas the present simple describes habitual actions, such as 'Terry studies English on Tuesdays.' This suggests that the present continuous emphasizes temporariness or change, while the present simple is used for fixed routines or general truths .

Comparative adjectives (e.g., 'bigger,' 'better') are used to compare two items, such as 'Skydiving is scarier than surfing,' indicating one is more than the other. Superlatives (e.g., 'the biggest,' 'the best') indicate the highest degree within a group, as in 'Death Valley, in California, is the hottest place.' They modify sentence meaning by specifying degrees of characteristics, enabling precise comparisons and the depiction of extremes .

'Can' is used to express both ability ('I can swim') and permission ('You can leave early today'), while 'can't' indicates lack of ability or prohibition, as in 'Cary can’t visit her friend.' This demonstrates dual functions of modals in English, where context determines if they refer to someone's capacity or restrictions imposed upon their actions .

The document uses the past simple tense for action completion, e.g., 'Jeans weren’t common among rich people,' and 'We had a great day at the beach yesterday,' indicating these actions or states are complete. This emphasizes its role in conveying temporally distant or finite activities, establishing clear time frames for narration .

Questions like 'Do we have fruit?' followed by the answer 'Yes, we do,' exemplify the use of auxiliary verbs in forming questions, while answers confirm or negate with similar structure. This pattern shows consistency in English, wherein the auxiliary verb is used both to formulate the question and in the short answer, emphasizing the importance of verb agreement and repeated sharing of context .

Adverbs of frequency indicate how often an action occurs, ranging from 'always' to 'never.' For example, the sentence 'Carla never eats meat' shows that the action of eating meat does not happen at all, while 'Angus is always tired' indicates that tiredness is a constant state. Sentences such as 'Evie often listens to classical music' suggest a frequent action, but not as much as 'usually' or 'always.' This reflects the continuum of occurrence from 0% to 100% .

The structure 'There is/there are' helps in identifying whether nouns are countable or uncountable, as in 'There are some windows' for countable nouns and 'There isn’t any sugar' for uncountable nouns. The sentences also show how the presence or absence of nouns is expressed in affirmative and negative forms, e.g., 'There isn’t a balcony' indicates no balcony, highlighting the structural differences required in English syntax to address presence and absence .

Object pronouns like 'him,' 'us,' and 'it,' as seen in sentences such as 'Jon’s sister helps him with his homework,' replace nouns to avoid repetition and enhance clarity. They provide coherence by linking verbs and subjects to their respective objects, maintaining clear reference throughout conversation or writing .

The document shows that 'must' expresses obligation, as in 'You must stop eating junk food,' implying a necessary action, whereas 'mustn't' conveys prohibition, like 'You mustn’t eat so much sugar,' indicating something that is forbidden. This illustrates the use of modals to establish rules and guides for behavior, emphasizing necessary or prohibited actions .

 
1 
 
 
GRAMMAR REVISION ANSWER KEY 
SUMMER 2020
2 
 
Subject pronouns and Possessive adjectives 
1 Complete the possessive adjectives in the table.  
Subject pronouns 
Pos
3 
 
5 There isn’t an umbrella. () 
6 There’s a shop (✓) 
7 There aren’t any lifts () 
8 There’s a fireplace (✓) 
9 There
4 
 
2 Complete the table with the adverbs of frequency. 
 
always 
(1)     usually 
(2)    often  
(3) 
5 
 
most + adjective 
irregular 
(7) the most dangerous 
(8) the most surprising 
(9) the worst 
(10) the best 
4 Complete
6 
 
5 My sister can’t use my pens. I need them for my 
homework.  
6 They can’t watch TV in their room. Their parents don’
7 
 
Past simple: irregular and regular verbs 
1 Write the past simple form of the verbs. 
Infinitive 
Past simple 
have 
(

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