Simple Genetics Practice Problems
1. For each genotype, indicate whether it is heterozygous (HE) or homozygous (HO)
AA ____ Ee ____ Ii ____ Mm ____
Bb ____ ff ____ Jj ____ nn ____
Cc ____ GG ____ kk ____ OO ____
Dd ____ HH ____ Ll ____ Pp ____
2. For each of the genotypes below, determine the phenotype.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes
PP ___________________________ BB ___________________________
Pp ___________________________ Bb ___________________________
pp ___________________________ bb ___________________________
Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled Bobtails are recessive (long tails dominant)
RR ___________________________ TT ___________________________
Rr ___________________________ Tt ___________________________
rr ___________________________ tt ___________________________
3. For each phenotype, list the genotypes. (Remember to use the letter of the dominant
trait)
Straight hair is dominant to curly. Pointed heads are dominant to round heads.
____________ straight ____________ pointed
____________ straight ____________ pointed
____________ curly ____________ round
4. Set up the square for each of the crosses listed below. The trait being studied is round
seeds (dominant) and wrinkled seeds (recessive)
Rr x rr
What percentage of the offspring will be round? _________
Rr x R r
What percentage of the offspring will be round? ___________
RR x Rr
What percentage of the offspring will be round? ________
Practice with Crosses. Show all work!
5. A TT (tall) plant is crossed with a tt (short plant).
What percentage of the offspring will be tall? ___________
6. A Tt plant is crossed with a Tt plant. What percentage
of the offspring will be short? ______
7. A heterozygous round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed with a
homozygous round seeded plant (RR). What percentage of
the offspring will be homozygous (RR)? ____________
8. A homozygous round seeded plant is crossed with a homozygous
wrinkled seeded plant. What are the genotypes of the parents?
__________ x __________
What percentage of the offspring will also be homozygous? ______________
9. In pea plants purple flowers are dominant to white flowers.
If two white flowered plants are cross, what percentage of their
offspring will be white flowered? ______________
10. A white flowered plant is crossed with a plant that is
heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of the
offspring will have purple flowers? _____________
11. Two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls
flower color are crossed. What percentage of their offspring
will have purple flowers? ______________
What percentage will have white flowers? ___________
12. In guinea pigs, the allele for short hair is dominant.
What genotype would a heterozygous short haired guinea pig have? _______
What genotype would a purebreeding short haired guinea pig have? _______
What genotype would a long haired guinea pig have? ________
13. Show the cross for a pure breeding short haired guinea pig
and a long haired guinea pig.
What percentage of the offspring will have short hair? __________
14. Show the cross for two heterozygous guinea pigs.
What percentage of the offspring will have short hair? ________
What percentage of the offspring will have long hair? _______
15. Two short haired guinea pigs are mated several times. Out of 100
offspring, 25 of them have long hair. What are the probable
genotypes of the parents? ________ x ___________ Show the cross to prove it!
