Even More Genetics Practice

1. A pea plant is the F1 offspring of a true-breeding plant with purple flowers and a true-breeding plant
with white flowers. This plant is crossed with one that has white flowers (recessive). How many of the
plants in the next generation will have white flowers?

2. In humans, tongue rolling is a dominant trait, those with the recessive condition cannot roll their
tongues. Bob can roll his tongue, but his mother could not. He is married to Sally, who cannot roll her
tongue. What is the probability that their first born child will not be able to roll his tongue?

3. In goats, a recessive gene causes the goats to "faint" when they are startled. A farmer breeds two
goats (that have never fainted) and their first offspring faints two days after its birth. What must the
parent's genotypes have been? Show the cross that resulted in this offspring.

4. In guinea pigs, short hair is dominant to long hair. Also in guinea pigs, black eyes are dominant to
red eyes. A male guinea pig that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with a female that is long
haired and red eyed. What are the expected phenotypes of their offspring and in what proportion?

5. If both parents are heterozygous for both traits, what are the expected phenotypes of their offspring
and in what proportion?

6. In horses, trotter (T) is dominant over pacer (t). Straight manes (H) are dominant over curly manes.
(h)
Give the genotypes and phenotypes of all of the horses.

7. A curly maned pacer horse is mated to one who is homozygous dominant for both traits. What
would you expect their offspring to look like?

8. If you have two horses that are both heterozygous for both traits – trotting and mane. What ratio of
the offspring would you expect to be curly maned and a pacer?

9. In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant to white flowers.

10. In cattle, roan coat color is an example of an autosomal, co-dominant phenotype. Roan (CrCw)
cattle are produced from the mating of a white (CwCw) cow to a red cow (CrCr). Predict the
phenotypic and genotypic frequencies of offspring from each of the following crosses
a. Roan x White
b. Roan x Red
c. Red x White
d. Roan x Roan

11. A man who has type O blood marries a woman who is type AB. What are the chances that their
child will have each of the following blood types?
a. Type A
b. Type B
c. Type O
d. What is the probability that they will have a Type A son and a Type B Daughter (in that
order)?

12. Red-Green color blindness is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A woman,
who’s mother had red-green color blindness marries a color blind man. What are the chances
that their child will be:
a. a color-blind male?
b. a color blind female?
c. a normal male?
d. a normal female?
e. The couple has a color blind male. What are the chances that their next child will be a
normal female?

13. In pea plants, yellow peas are dominant to green peas and purple flowers are dominant to white
flowers. For each of the following parental crosses, give the predicted phenotypic and
genotypic ratios of the F1 generation:
a. (homozygous purple-flowered) x (homozygous white-flowered)
b. (heterozygous purple-flowered) x (heterozygous purple-flowered)
c. (true breeding white-flowered, yellow pea) x (true breeding purple-flowered, green pea)
d. (heterozygous purple-flowered, yellow pea) x (heterozygous purple-flowered, yellow
pea)

14. You have a purple-flowered pea plant. You do not know its genotype. Diagram the test-cross
you would conduct to determine the plant’s genotype and what results you would expect if the
plant was heterozygous and if the plant was homozygous (provide the predicted phenotypic and
 genotypic ratios of the F1 generation in each situation).

15. You are studying five traits in Pentids, an amazonian flying beetle. You have identified each
trait as belonging to separate alleles located on separate chromosomes and have categorized
those alleles as A,B,C,D, and E, respectively. After years of controlled breeding experiments,
you have developed your Pentid lines to the point where you can control their genotypes with
certainty. You perform the following cross:

P: (AaBbCcDdEe) x (AAbbCCDdEe)

Predict the probability of recovering offspring of each of the following genotypes from
this parental cross:

i. AaBbCcDdEe
ii. AAbbCCDDee
iii. AaBbCCDdEe
iv. AaBbccDdee

16. An epistatic allele in labrador retrievers ensures that ee lab pups are yellow. Two
other alleles control coat color, where black is dominant to brown. How many yellow pups
would you expect from a parental cross where one parent was yellow (Bbee) and the
other was heterozygous black. (BbEe)

17. A type of muscular dystrophy is sex linked. If a woman is a carrier for the disease,
what proportion of her SONS will have the disease.

18. A plant that has purple flowers is crossed with one that has white flowers. The
offspring were half white and half purple. What were the genotypes of the parents?

19. Which of the following outcomes would you expect from the following cross: tall,
round (TTRR) x short, wrinkled (ttrr)
 a. all offspring tall and round c. all offspring short and wrinkled
b. half tall, round; half short wrinkled d. 9:3:3:1

[Link] mice, agouti coat color is codominant. Hairs, when viewed under a microscope are
grey at the base and white at the tip. An agouti mouse will result from a cross between
a black parent and a white parent. What will two agouti mice produce?

21. In cats, the gene for calico coat (being both orange and black) color is both codominant
and sex-linked. If a black male and Calico female cat are mated, what will be the result?

22. A man with hemophilia (sex linked) lives a full life through modern medicine. He
eventually marries and wants to have children, but his wife (who is not a carrier) is
worried that their children will have the disease. What phenotypes are likely in their
children?

23. Consider the following traits: Widow's peak (dominant) and Tongue twisting (recessive). If a
person is Pptt is married to a person who is ppTt, what proportion of their offspring will have a
widow's peak and can twist their tongue?

24. A farmer discovers an oddity among his sheep where some of the sheep have abnormally
large eyes and bowed legs. Crosses of these sheep show that 2/3 of the offspring have a
normal phenotype and 1/3 have the abnormal phenotype. What is the best explanation for the
type of inheritance that occurs here?