Grammar summary: answer key

Unit 1 (page 157) 2

1 haven’t eaten
1 often/sometimes 2 ’d … seen
2 since 3 have you been working
3 next month/soon 4 will have become
4 up to then 5 ’ve known
5 next week 6 hadn’t started
6 currently
3
2 1 ’ve been living or ’ve lived
1 have you been studying 2 hadn’t lived
2 ’s/is buying or ’s/is going to buy 3 told
3 has become 4 couldn’t
4 had … started 5 ’ve been
5 ’m driving 6 haven’t been able to
6 was walking 7 ’ll have saved

3 4
1 currently 1 was announced
2 Up till then 2 is being built
3 Nowadays 3 must be finished
4 Recently 4 has been cancelled
5 In the long term 5 will be given
6 From now on 6 had been eaten
7 needs to be passed
4
1 b  2 a  3 a  4 a  5 b 5
1 knew
5 2 get killed
1 ’ll be doing 3 get told
2 is always 4 like
3 are 5 get paid
4 hasn’t been 6 be caught
5 had been 7 get hit
6 was having 8 earn
7 is still
8 been cleaning 6
1 Our car was broken into by a teenager from our street.
6 2 You can’t be seen by Dr Taylor
1 ’re building 3 A new planet has been discovered by astronomers.
2 have … been doing 4 The old cinema is going to be bought by a fast food
3 ’ll … be working company.
4 ’ve been living 5 he wasn’t given the right directions by the app on his
5 ’ve known phone
6 are moving 6 The environment is being destroyed by our actions.
7 was walking

Unit 3 (page 161)

Unit 2 (page 159)
1
1 1 wasn’t very good
1 was – ’ve been 2 quite a
2 hasn’t been – didn’t go 3 is quite
3 won’t be arrived – won’t have arrived 4 a fairly
4 ’ve been having – ’ve had 5 rather a / a rather
5 she’d leave – she’d left 6 a pretty
6 ’m wearing – ’ve worn glasses
or ’ve been wearing glasses 2
7 saw – ’ve seen 1 a  2 b  3 b  4 a  5 a

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 3 4
1 quite/rather 1 had to
2 fairly/rather 2 didn’t have to
3 not particularly 3 didn’t have to buy / needn’t have bought
4 quite/rather 4 needn’t have worn
5 pretty 5 weren’t allowed to
6 slightly/pretty 6 didn’t need to go
7 not very
5
4 1 shouldn’t have
1 It’s very freezing – It’s freezing 2 should have
2 ✓ 3 couldn’t have
3 ✓ 4 must have
4 ✓ 5 could have
5 It’s absolutely important – It’s very/really important 6 might not have
6 an extremely amazing – an (utterly/totally) amazing
7 utterly right – absolutely right 6
1 can’t/couldn’t have driven
5 2 shouldn’t have eaten
1 freezing 5 cold 3 should have left
2 tired 6 stunning 4 must have seen
3 stylish 7 exhausted 5 might have bought
4 tiny 8 small 6 must have opened (also acceptable: must be open)

6
1 very Unit 5 (page 165)
2 really
3 incredibly 1
4 very
1 was Francis that called Ben last night
5 absolutely
2 ’s more free time that I’d like, not money
6 incredibly
3 ’s the way her manager speaks to her that she doesn’t like
7 extremely
4 was the flights that cost us the most
5 ’s the reasons why the project failed that the report is
going to focus on
Unit 4 (page 163) 6 ’s in January that the students find out their results

2
1 1 I hate in winter is the cold weather
1 might 2 we forgot to do is (to) lock our front door
2 probably won’t 3 I loved was being able to relax on a beach
3 may not 4 she liked most was the film’s ending
4 likely 5 the airline won’t do is (to) refund our tickets
5 should 6 you’re going to see now is a summary of the research
6 a good chance
3
2 1 I did think
1 There’s a good chance that our train will be late 2 will
2 He probably won’t come to our party 3 She did seem to be ignoring
3 Perhaps we’ll all be driving electric cars 4 have
4 It’s likely that space travel will be a lot cheaper or 5 They did offer
Space travel is likely to be a lot cheaper 6 She does work
5 It’s possible that the government might raise
interest rates 4
1 b  2 c  3 b  4 a  5 c  6 b
3
1 almost certainly 5
2 should/could 1 go to one of the busier islands
3 could 2 go on a jungle hike
4 possible 3 felt like relaxing on a beach
5 unlikely 4 go elephant trekking
6 chances 5 been snorkelling before
6 on the island

Grammar summary: answer key  

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 Unit 6 (page 167) 2
1 is said to be working; is said that the director is
working
1 2 is known that regular exercise is; is known to be
1 pay back me – pay me back 3 was claimed to be carrying; was claimed that the
2 took the plane off – the plane took off ­suspect was carrying
3 looking his phone for – looking for his phone 4 are expected to have arrived; is expected that the
4 turn off it – turn it off guests will have arrived
5 put up his bad behaviour – put up with his bad 5 is argued that the mobile phone has had a big impact;
behaviour is argued to have had a big impact
6 let in Adam on the plans – let Adam in on the plans 6 were thought to cause; was thought for a long time
that bad smells caused
2
1 turned to him 3
2 put it off 1 disappointment
3 takes after her father 2 decision
4 fallen out with their neighbours 3 destruction
5 come over 4 suitability
6 throw away these old clothes / throw these old clothes 5 awareness
away 6 treatment
7 ran into her 7 dangers
8 fill this form in / fill in this form
4
3
1 f definition
a 3  b 8  c 2  d 4  e 7  f 6  g 5  h 1
2 a disinterest
4 3 e fear
4 b hobbies
1 doing
5 d person
2 to wait
6 c location
3 ringing
4 to finish
5 missing

6 wearing
Unit 8 (page 171)
7 wake
8 watching 1
1 a  2 b  3 a  4 b  5 a  6 b
5
1 stopped playing squash 2
2 promised not to be 1 cost just
3 don’t want to discourage you from doing the race 2 ’ve just heard
4 urged us to decide 3 that looks just like
5 let me borrow her racing bike 4 is just dealing with another client (at the moment)
6 you miss living 5 just need to arrive on time
6 takes just under two
6
1 decided to do 3
2 started to train / started training 1 in order to book
3 makes me exercise 2 so (that) we weren’t late
4 stopped going 3 in order that it would/should
5 helping me get / helping me to get 4 for finding
6 ask her to work 5 in order not to live
7 thought about doing
4
Unit 7 (page 169) 1 so  2 so  3 such  4 so  5 so  6 So  7 such

5
1 1 so that I don’t fail it / in order not to fail
1 is 2 to improve our IT skills / so that we improve our IT
2 was skills / in order to improve our IT skills
3 is being 3 so … that it’s been hard to find time to study
4 were 4 (in order) to persuade him to do that
5 was 5 so … that I find it difficult to concentrate
6 are 6 so … that I fall asleep

366 Grammar
  summary: answer key

86510_EM03_ptg01_364-[Link] 366 3/2/18 8:57 AM

 Unit 9 (page 173) Unit 10 (page 175)
1 1
1 What’s more 1 He rarely buys a present for my birthday.
2 Although 2 She absolutely loves listening to podcasts.
3 subsequently/afterwards 3 Luckily, I was offered the job.
4 consequently 4 In my opinion, we should postpone the meeting.
5 as well as / in addition to 5 He was slightly annoyed by what I said.
6 Since/As 6 She probably won’t respond to my email.
7 My driving test didn’t go very well.
2
1 while 2
2 However 1 very well
3 despite 2 probably
4 since 3 absolutely, slightly
5 Nevertheless 4 rarely
5 In my opinion
3 6 Luckily
1 Most people expected Martinez to become president.
However, Sanchez won easily. / Even though ­people 3
expected Martinez to become president, Sanchez 1 Always he drinks – He always drinks
won easily. / In spite of the fact that people expected 2 friendly – in a friendly way
­Martinez to become president, Sanchez won easily. 3 lately – late
2 As well as visiting our friends in New York, we also 4 if I certainly can – I will certainly help you if I can.
spent some time in Boston. 5 very well going – going very well
3 Our offices are closed on Monday on account of the 6 fast drove – drove fast
holiday.
4 Many motorists went out on the roads, in spite of the 4
police’s warning to stay at home. 1 really
5 The hotel is very conveniently located. Moreover, it is 2 fortunately
very good value for money. 3 probably
6 Even though I don’t normally like classical music, I 4 always
really enjoyed the concert. / In spite of the fact that 5 late
I don’t normally like classical music, I really enjoyed 6 quickly
the concert. / I don’t normally like classical music.
­However, I really enjoyed the concert. 5
1 he plays
4 2 do the buses arrive
1 Not being very interested in the film, she left early. 3 it stops; can we
2 Reading / While reading the contract, I realized I had 4 were the passengers
made a big mistake. 5 we had complained; did our neighbours switch off
3 Forgetting my friend’s birthday made her very angry. 6 have I won; I have
4 Not wanting to spend too much money, they went on 7 have they
holiday nearby.
5 Looking / When looking around the room, I noticed 6
an old school friend in the corner. 1 not only
6 Walking into the house with his shoes on, he left dirt 2 Only by
all over the floor. 3 Rarely
4 Only after
5 5 Under no circumstances
1 compared 6 No doubt
2 Given
3 Comparing 7
4 Having compared 1 No way can we afford
5 giving 2 Not until … will we
6 Having given 3 Little did she know
4 No sooner had she
6 5 Rarely have we
1 Considering 4 Using
2 looking 5 stealing
3 hacking 6 Assuming

Grammar summary: answer key 

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 Unit 11 (page 177) Unit 12 (page 179)
1 1
1 didn’t 1 up to 3,000 people
2 had 2 under ten hours
3 not go 3 as many as five years
4 had been 4 hundreds of dollars
5 would stop 5 under fifty cars
6 moved
7 could 2
8 watch 1 -ish
2 Up to
2 3 stuff
1 ’s time you went home 4 or something
2 wishes he earned/earnt more money 5 sort of
3 ’d just as soon she asked 6 and so on
4 only I’d stayed in touch
5 ’d rather cook the meal 3
6 wish my colleagues would knock 1 up to ten people
2 sort of boring
3 3 or something
1 wish I hadn’t decided 4 and that sort of thing
2 would rather they didn’t make / wish they didn’t 5 two hours or so
make 6 he has forty-odd
3 ’d rather live
4 it’s time I spoke 4
5 what if it doesn’t help Sentences 1, 3 and 4 have an incorrect use of would.
6 wish we lived 1 If you studied harder …
7 If only we’d decided 3 It was always very cold …
or It always used to be very cold …
4 4 I think it will be
1 if I have time – if I had time or I think it’s going to be …
2 they’ll continue – they continue
3 she’ll be able – she’d be able 5
4 won’t – wouldn’t 1 c  2 a  3 b  4 d  5 f  6 e
5 would be – was
6 you remembered – you’d remembered 6
Example answers:
5 A: Would you like some help?
1 put B: Yes, please. I’d like some information about the park.
2 change A: What type of information would you like?
3 wouldn’t have B: Oh, I’d like to know more about the wildlife and the
4 hadn’t been plants and trees. It’s such a beautiful park.
5 lose/lost A: Well, would you like to look at these brochures?
6 ’ll/’d B: I’d like something more detailed.
7 don’t need A: OK, would you like to look at one of these books?
8 were B: This one looks interesting. How much does it cost?
9 wouldn’t have bought A: It’s 30 euros.
10 hadn’t spent B: Oh, I expected it to be a little cheaper …
11 would have been able to / would be able to A: Well, I could give you a discount.
B: That would be great, thanks.
6 A: OK, that’s 28 euros.
1 Should … be B: Oh, er … I’ll take the brochures, thanks.
2 Had … known
3 Had … treated
4 Were
5 Had … not arrived
6 Should … sell

368 Grammar
  summary: answer key

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