University of Cebu
Graduate School
Synthesis Paper
Report No. 9
Name : SUNSHINE ROSE P. LUMANCAS
Subject : Productions and Operations Management and Development (BM208A Sat 7:30-12:00)
Topic : Quality Control
In this chapter, the issues of quality control and inspection serve as the primary focus of the
discussion because they are crucial to the chapter's topic. During the course of a check, the
outcomes of a procedure are evaluated to determine whether or not they meet the criteria for the
desired level of quality. When conducting an inspection, it is essential to give careful consideration
to the location of the inspection, the frequency of the inspection, and the question of whether or not
the inspection will be carried out on-site or in a laboratory. These are the three main factors that
should be taken into account.
The goal of statistical process control is to identify and address any deviations from a
random state that may occur inside a process. These deviations can be caused by several factors.
Control charts and run tests are two of the most critical tools to use when trying to keep a process
under control. In this chapter, we will review the fundamentals of control charts and run tests, as
well as examine four distinct types of control charts and run tests. Each of these control charts and
run tests can be used to evaluate either variables or characteristics, so we will look at both types of
evaluations in this chapter. The capability of the procedure is going to be the subject of the very
final chapter's examination. To assess whether or not the output of the process will satisfy the
standards, studies of the capabilities of the process are carried out. Managers can use these data
to save expenses and reduce the number of problems that arise as a result of producing output
that does not meet the standards.
Every process is subject to a certain amount of random fluctuation on its own. Sample
statistics, such as sample means, are utilized to accomplish the goal of quality control, which is to
identify a process that demonstrates both random and nonrandom (correctable) variation. This
objective is intended to be achieved by the application of quality control. Control charts and run
tests are both examples of approaches that can be utilized in the process of monitoring sample
data. The data should be plotted to locate any patterns or trends that might be present. When a
process has nonrandom variation, it is possible to evaluate the capability of the process to satisfy
the criteria. This is not the case when the variation is random.
This chapter discusses a variety of methods that can be used to both control and increase
quality. The primary arguments consist of the following points: The output of a process should be
steady and consistent, and this should be the primary focus of quality control. Reliable processes
make it possible to make ongoing improvements.
Inter-customer relations serve as the connecting thread that binds together the various
processes that make up an operation. For these processes to be examined and measured so that
they may be regulated and improved, particular inspection and measurement points need to be
specified. Both the inputs (from the various providers) and the outputs of the process should have
their respective process control charts scrutinized as part of the process itself. Within the context of
a process flowchart, it is much simpler to single out significant control points. To maintain a
consistent level of product quality throughout the course of the production process, random
samples are collected at regular intervals. The production will continue so long as the samples
remain within permissible levels. If the sample readings are found to be outside of the control
limits, the operation will be suspended, and a search will be conducted to identify an assignable
cause. The assignable cause might be the operator, the equipment, or the material. Utilizing this
method allows for the achievement of continuous statistical control over a production or service
process. Because SPC focuses on prevention rather than inspection, it is preferable to employ it
whenever possible rather than the other method, which is inspection. If you are interested in
becoming a certified supplier, Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a tool that can assist you in
ensuring that the manufacturing process you use is reliable enough to satisfy the prerequisites of
the certification procedure.
A cornerstone of the methodology is known as Six Sigma, which is an approach to process
improvement that is both planned and methodical. The entirety of the DMAIC technique, which
consists of five steps, is put into use. It is vital to make use of statistical approaches to determine
the underlying causes of problems as they are seen by customers, examine modifications, and
regulate the process after it has been improved. Methods for improving processes, such as Lean
and Six Sigma, are currently being utilized in conjunction with one another. There are considerable
differences between the two techniques, even though they both start by centering their attention on
the demands that the consumer has at the moment. However, it is possible to combine them to
make the process more efficient overall.
There are a total of seven instruments available for quality control and improvement. These
tactics can be utilized in the case that there is an issue with the product's quality to keep an eye on
things, identify any problems with the product's quality, and determine what the issue is.
It is essential to establish quality assurance across the entirety of the organization to
guarantee that every department is operating to the absolute best of its capabilities. In this way, we
can guarantee that the quality will be preserved at all times. These ideas can also be implemented
in aspects of an organization that are not immediately connected to its day-to-day operations, such
as the relationships that a business maintains with its clients and its vendors.