Essay topics

2000
1. Good governance and the role of the public servant.
2. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
3. “Hero-worship is the strongest where there is least regard for human freedom”
4. Advancement in science and technology is the gateway to the economic prosperity of a
country.
5. The barbarity of ethnic cleansing.
6. “Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive, easy to govern, but impossible
to enslave”.
7. “We never know the worth of water till the well is dry:.
8. Progressive alleviation of poverty in Pakistan - an overview
9. “If you wish the sympathy of broad manes, then you must tell them the crudest and most
stupid things”.
10. Moral standards in international relations.
11. “Personal liberty is the paramount essential to human dignity and human happiness”.
12. “The purification of politics is an iridescent dream

2002
1. World scenario in 21st century and Pakistan's Role in it.
2. International Crisis in Terrorism.
3 "Every art is an imitation of nature".
4 Higher Science Education in the developing countries.
5 Austerity as a solution of all our economic problems.
6. "Politics is perhaps the only profession for which no preparation is thought necessary".
7. Higher Economic problems in Pakistan and how to. Meet them.
8. , "A little philosophy inclincth man's mind to atheism; but depth in philosophy bringeth man's
minds about to religion".
9. Art and Morality.
10. "Of all the needs a book has, the chief need is that it be readable".
11. "Education ahs for its object the formation of character".
12. Need for serious planning in technical education in Pakistan

2003
1. Formal and Casual dressing Codes.
2. Attitude of indifference.
3. "Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change".———Kung Fu-lzu Confucius.
4. Dilemma of the water and energy crisis in Pakistan.
5. Art Critics and reviewers.
6. Young habits die-hard.
7. Existentialism.
2004
1) Humanism
2) The end of cheap oil
3) All recorder history is contemporaneous
4) Pluralistic vision of Islam
5) Longing for Love
6) "A long Dispute means that both parties are wrong"
7) Modern Banking, finance and employment are part of one single paradigm
8) Peer Pressure
2005
[Link] for the alleviation of poverty.
2. Socio-Economic Challenges faced by Pakistan.
3. Estrangement from our own culture is driving us on the verge of collapse, not just our
Identity but also morality.
4. Reforms in Examination systems
5. Persecuted poor woman
6. The search for truth.
7. Islam versus the West.
2006
[Link] In Short Supply
2. Liberalism
3. Humour In Udru Literature
4. Foreign Direc Investment In Pakistan
5. Personaliszayion Of Pakistani Politics
6. Global Warming
7. Nuclear Waepons Are 'not Only A Great Peril, But A Great Hope'
8. 'Brain, Like Hearts, Go Where They Are Appreciated'
9. 'Lots Of Folks Confuse Bad Management With Destiny'
10. 'There Comes A Time To Put Aside Principles And Do What's Right
11. 'We Grown Too Old Soon And Too Late Smart'
12. 'Every Slution Breeds New Problems
2007
1- The more developed a country, the more leathly it is armed.
2- Higher Education as an agent of change
3- The future of mankind in a global warming perspective
4- The image of Islam in the western world and responsibilities of the Muslim Ummah
5- A country is backward because it's people are backward
6- Globalization and electronic media
7- The present system of Education must assume some of responsibilities of our failure
8- Politics is the art of possible
9- Terrorism as a new threat to the contemporary world
10- The state of women rights in Pakistan
2008
1. Moral depravity is the root cause of poverty.
2. Peace the essential message of our religion
3. Time management is the key note of success.
4. Lack of discipline - a national disaster.
5. Materialism in the death of spirituality.
6. Poetry is teh highest form of expression - the greatest proof is the Holy Quran.
7. Dreams for future rely on the work of today.
8. Can be prevent the Third World War?
9. Global Warming, fact or fiction?
2009
1. The Future of Democracy in Pakistan.
2. Health is not a condition of matter, but of mind.
3. Co-education: Merits and Demerits.
4. The food crisis: problems, challenges and opportunities for Pakistan.
5. English as the Medium of Education in Pakistan.
6. The Future of UNO: Hopes and Hurdles.
7. There is no great genius without a mixture of madness.
8. Status of Women in Islam.
9. Pakistan’s war on terror and its impact on our psyche and politico-socio-economic fronts.
10. Power of Media in the Modern World

2010
1. Literature is the best criticism of life.
2. Dialogue is the best course to combat terrorism.
3. Pakistan is rich in natural resources but very poor in their management.
4. The UNO has failed to measure up to the demands of its charter.
5. All humans are born equal in dignity and rights but they are in shackles everywhere.
6. Why is there no status of the third gender in Pakistan?
7. Can women be equal to men in Pakistan?
8. Without independent truth-finding commission, accountability is unachievable.
9. Religion has done more harm than help to human relations in the world.
10. The world politics stands more derisive than it was ever before due to the specific
imperialist designs.
2011
1. Truth is a rare commodity despite the freedom enjoyed by the print and electronic media.
2. Without good communication skills, life becomes impossible in the modern world.
3. The time we live in is the winter of the world.
4. In this country reason does not apply to anything.
5. Does Pakistni society regard woman as the angel in the house or the source of all evils?
6. Disaster management and government preparedness.
7. Fair play and life, as it is lived, in the land of the pure.
8. The pleasures of reading.
9. What are the hurdles in our way to becoming a truly independent state?
10. Insanity in individuals is something rare but in groups, parties and nations it is the rule.
2012
1. Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Causes and Consequences.
2. Obesity is the root cause of all diseases.
3. Beggars cannot be choosers.
4. The United Nations in the 21st Century: Obligations and Limitations.
5. Brains, like hearts, go where they are appreciated.
6. The Emerging Power of Public Opinion.
7. The Suffering Soul in the Scientific Age.
8. A Critical Analysis of Education Systems in Pakistan.
9. Democracy is a culture rather than a process.
10. Social and Economic Securities for Women in Islam.
2013
1. There should be colleges and schools just for men/boys and some just for women/girls.
2. Let me take care of today, tomorrow shall take care of itself.
3. The traditional male role changed in the last 20 years.
4. Gender equality is a myth.
5. Meaning and purpose of education.
6. If gold rust what shall the iron do.
7. Country life is better than city life.
8. Free speech should have limitations.
9. Not economy but politics is a key to success.
10. Modern day communication via social networks puts an end of true and sincere
relationships.
 2014
1. Literature as a great cultural artifact.
2. Language is a fit data for research in humanities and social sciences.
3. Privatizing higher education-generating knowledge or making more money for the opulent.
4. Women sportspersons as new ambassadors of the soft image of Pakistan.
5. Post-modern ethos – a challenge to the West.
6. Look to the east for a holistic progress.
7. Great nations win without fighting.
8. Can meaning be fixed?
9. The character of a nation can be judged by its symbolic narratives.
10. Violence is the large refuge of the incompetent.
2016
1. World as a global village: Learning to live together.
2. We have to learn to be our own best friends, because we fall too easily into the trap
Of being our own worst enemies.
3. Water crisis and national unity.
4. The place of Urdu in Pakistan and Supreme Court’s ruling on making Urdu the official
Language of the country.
5. Crisis of good governance in Pakistan: Need for reforms and institution building.
6. Promotion of tax culture in Pakistan: Perspective, prospects and challenges.
7. Gender equality is a myth!
8. The creation of new provinces in Pakistan: Implications for an integrated country.
9. Does foreign aid help to achieve economic stability?
10. Frailty, thy name is woman.
2017
1. Is colonial mentality impeding Pakistan’s progress?
2. Brexit means globalization is the rhetoric of the privileged, and capitalism will return ferociously as
ever.
3. More and more International military engagements by the United Nations; is the world moving
towards peace?
4. Modernity is an unending project.
5. Feminism is not really a Third World issue.
6. Literature is a lonely planet of idealists.
7. Being a minority is a fate no one wants. Can nationalism be really inclusive?
8. Ideologies thrive on notions of resistance, yet change is a simulation.
9. Are modern wars not holy wars?
10. Life without controversy is no life. But why one should not choose the safe haven of conformism?
 2018
1. Real development should transform people’s lives, not just economic statistics.
2. Higher Education in Pakistan: Ills and Remedies.
3. Too many of us are not living our dreams because we are living our fears.
4. China – Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its Socio-economic Implications for the Region and the World.
5. Beware the barrenness of a busy life!
6. The Emerging Power of Social Media: Prospects and Problems.
7. In the fight against terrorism and corruption, it is imperative not to compromise human rights and civil
liberties.
8. The threat of Global Warming and the ways to counter it.
9. Will “Rule of law” always remain an impracticable myth in our country?
10. Democracy in Pakistan: Hopes and Hurdles.
2019
1. Let there be more light in the corridors of worship places.
2. New war fronts lie in economic zones.
3. Urdu literature and Progressive Movement.
4. Art for peace.
5. Truth is lived, not taught.
6. New waves of feminism and our culture.
7. Democracy and Illiteracy do not move together.
8. Sometimes we do not see what we see.
9. Expanding Information Technology; A curse or blessing.
10. Classrooms decide the future of the nation.
CSS EASY TIP
Courtesy: Shanza Faiq
As promised, here are my tips on how to tackle the CSS english essay!
1. Ask the examiner for a second answer booklet and open its last page. Take a pencil, and write 'rough work'
on top of the last page and do your brainstorming over here. Make a rough outline here, and it's completely
okay to take 2-3 pages for rough work. After you're done, cross the pages with a line, to let the examiner
know that this was simply your rough work. When you do your rough work, keep asking yourself how each
point connects to the topic; one of the biggest mistakes that kids make is that they mention points that are
not connected to the topic.
2. Your outline should not be longer than 2.5 pages, and can ideally be 2 pages long. Please refrain from long
outlines - the whole point of an outline is to make it easy for the examiner to understand what you've
included in your essay. Please do not make long, extremely detailed outlines that end up being a headache
for the examiner to understand.
3. Make sure you include all the main examples that you will be using in your essay in your outline. So,
whatever example you're using to substantiate your points - include them in your outline. Show the examiner
that you aren't just randomly writing points, but that you have the knowledge and facts to back up your
points. Show the examiner that you're well read and well prepared.
4. Back up each argument of yours with 1-2 examples, not more, otherwise you'll end up with some
arguments that are too heavily substantiated and some that aren't as adequately substantiated. Maintain a
balance.
5. Write each argument in a separate paragraph, but only ONE argument per paragraph. I would recommend
a length of not more than half a page, or three-quarters of a page for one paragraph.
6. Think of each paragraph as a mini essay; each paragraph MUST have an intro sentence, which contains the
main point that you will be explaining in your essay. Then it should have a body where you elaborate your
main point and back it up with an example or two. And then it should have a concluding sentence, which
should ideally begin with words like 'Thus' or 'Therefore' or 'In conclusion' - in order to quickly let the
examiner know that you're wrapping up your point here and concluding your paragraph. Try to connect your
paragraph's main point with the topic in your conclusion; it would help to include a few words of the topic in
your conclusion to let the examiner know that you haven't gone off topic and that everything you're writing is
tied to the topic.
7. Connect each paragraph with the other by using transition words. So, for instance - if you have 6-7
arguments to support one side of the topic, you will be writing 6-7 separate paragraphs (one of each
argument). Start each paragraph with 'firstly', 'secondly', 'thirdly' etc. When you transition to the other side
of the argument, or to a separate point, start off the new paragraph with an intro sentence like 'Having
expounded upon the prospects of social media in Pakistan, it is now imperative to shed a light upon its
problems. Firstly..." and then so on and so forth.
8. Your intro paragraph in your essay is EXTREMELY important. Make sure that the intro paragraph's first
sentence contains your understanding of the meaning of the topic, but in your own words. Then you expand
upon the topic by writing about a few of the examples that you will be using in your essay. And then the last
sentence of the intro paragraph should contain your 'thesis statement' or your stance - the main viewpoint
that you will be adopting or defending throughout your essay.
9. Make sure your conclusion ONLY mentions/summarizes the points you have already written in your essay.
Do not add any extra or new points here. A conclusion is a summary of what you have already mentioned in
your essay.
10. Do not use headings or sub-headings in the CSS essay. Those should only be used in answers for other
subjects, NOT in the essay.
11. An extra paragraph before the concluding paragraph is always helpful - my tip would be to make it the
'recommendations' or 'going forward' paragraph where you give 3-4 recommendations based on the topic,
on how the issue can be better resolved/tackled in the future.
12. There is no need to rote learn quotations or give historical backgrounds of issues in your essays - please
realize that FPSC is no longer looking for people with the best rote learning abilities.
13. My sample Essay Outline:
Topic: Emergence of Social Media in Pakistan: Problems and Prospects
Thesis Statement: Social media usage has increased manifold in Pakistan; though it comes with a range of
issues, its prospects need to be harnessed so that its benefits can be fully utilized.
Prospects:
1) Ability to crowdsource constitutions; Iceland’s constitution 
2) Potential to hold governments accountable
Problems:
1)
2)
Recommendations:
1)
2)
3)
Conclusion:
Hope this helps!

CSS-2015

War on Terrorism Is Contributing Towards Growing Abuse Of Human Rights

By M. Mudassir Saeed

What have been the costs of war on terrorism in human and economic terms? How has the war changed the social
and political landscape of the countries where it has been waged? What is likely to be the long-term economic
effect of the war? What have been the public health consequences of the war? Were and are there any less costly
and more effective alternative ways to prevent further terror attacks? How has, and to what extent, the war
contributed to the abuse of human rights? These are some frequently asked questions that the war in the course
of its continuity has raised in minds of every sane person.

The war that began in 2001 proved tremendously painful for millions of people across the world, especially in
Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan, and the United States. Each additional month and year of war adds to that toll.
Moreover, the human costs of this war will reverberate for years to come in each of the affected country. The war
on terror, in fact, proved a great misfortune on the lives of its victims. Civilians have been killed unjustly and
tortured without any reason. Evidently, behind the facade of war on terrorism, International Law is widely being
disregarded; oppositions are being repressed, not to talk of humiliation the values and rights have suffered at the
hands of imperial regimes. It is safe to assume that the commencing of the war on terrorism virtually resulted in
the end of the sanctity attached to human rights.

The war on terrorism is not like any other kind of war. The enemy, terrorism, is not a territorial state, nation or
government. There is no opposite number to negotiate with. There is no one on the other side to call a truce or
declare a ceasefire, no one among the enemy authorized to surrender. The “War on Terror” officially began on
October 7, 2001 and was spurred by the attack on the World Trade Center of the United States on September 11,
2001. 

The “War on Terror” has led, in its wake, to grave human rights violations and, in response, to a growing volume of
human rights litigations. Certain quarters allege that the “War on Terror” has been exploited by Western
governments to reduce civil liberties and take away basic human rights.

The war on terrorism came up with extensive violations of civil and political rights that still continue to occur in the
world, with such incidents as demonstrations, shootings, torture, hostage-takings, killings and so on. Political
participation and decision-making in the affected countries especially Iraq and Afghanistan remain seriously
impaired by sectarian and insurgent violence, widespread corruption, and the influence of foreign powers.

The cost of war in terms of human lives has been increasingly painful. A research conducted by Brown University’s
Watson Institute for International Studies indicates that over 350,000 people have died due to direct war violence,
and many more indirectly.

One of the most notorious issues and certainly the one giving rise to the most voluminous litigation is the arbitrary
detention. Since its start, the war on terrorism has been directly responsible for a broad array of serious human
rights violations, including torture, enforced disappearances, arbitrary detentions, and unfair trials. In many
instances, one country or another carried out abuses in collaboration with other governments. Many reports have
emerged of “black jails” in Afghanistan, where detainees were secretly held without the International Red Cross
oversight as required by the Geneva Conventions.

Perhaps the most insidious is the move from illegality to extra-legality (extraordinary rendition), the practice of
removing individuals from the protection of law altogether, epitomized by disappearances and renditions that
have been the subject of various litigation initiatives. To the contempt of prisoners’ rights, the United States
secretly stole away suspects to other CIA-run hidden “black site” prisons or passed them to foreign countries with
more lax human rights standards to be interrogated via the seizure process known as “extraordinary rendition.”

The prisoners of war on terrorism have largely been denied the right to petition and fair trial. Significant numbers
of detainees in Afghanistan and Iraq, later, have been found innocent. However, their unjust detention and
maltreatment has fomented desperation towards the universal acknowledgement of human rights.

Some governments adopted abusive practices in response to direct US pressure. Most notably, the US encouraged
a number of countries to pass draconian counterterrorism laws, often those which expand police powers, reduce
due process guarantees, and set out vague and overbroad definitions of terrorism.
Repressive governments, always seeking rhetorical cover for their violations, were quick to adopt the language of
counterterrorism to help shield their abuses from critical scrutiny. In Egypt, for example, the Hosni Mubarak
regime specifically cited the “War on Terrorism” and new security laws passed in the United States and elsewhere
to justify the 2003 renewal of longstanding emergency powers.

The enjoyment of the rights to freedom of expression, association and assembly has long been partial, and often
perilous, for war critics across the world. The war on terrorism has accelerated markedly the squeeze on the
exercise of these rights. Independent ngos, critical media outlets and public protests across the globe have all
borne the brunt of an assault on fundamental freedoms that has been fuelled and “justified” by an increasingly
aggressive propaganda drive to depict curtailing of the rights as necessary steps to end terrorism. 
Consequent upon war on terrorism is the emergence of unprincipled discrimination between nationals and non-
nationals, among people of different races, ethnicities and gender. This disparate treatment raises complex issues
concerning the human right to non-discrimination.

After the massive terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, many Muslims and Arab-Americans have been
persecuted. Muslim men have been characterized as dangerous, violent and highly suspect within the popular
imaginary, and much of the Western media, which has led to sanctioning of civil human rights violations, largely
through detainment, deportation and surveillance.

One of the most condemnable violations, ironically, justified by the war on terrorism, is the massive invasion of
privacy by the intelligence agencies. The US categorically defends this violation as a necessary step to access
personal details in order to build profiles of terror suspects by data mining. Governments across the world are
already collecting and sharing much of the information related to personal domain of an individual through
bilateral and multilateral agreements covering passenger name records, visa applications and border surveillance
systems, to name some.

Of all the mysteries, sexual assault on women and men forms the darkest secrets related to the war on terrorism.
Despite not being a traditional armed conflict, sexual violence has been rampant in the global war on terrorism.
Whether in Guantanamo Bay’s detention centre or in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, sexual violence has often been
used as a tool of torture during interrogation. There have been reports pointing out the cases when women and
girls were raped by soldiers or were forced into prostitution. The international community has failed to address the
problem of sexual violence during armed conflicts.

The war on terrorism also harmed the educational systems of the war-affected regions in different ways resulting
in the complete degradation of the Iraqi and Syrian education system on the one hand and in substantial damages
to the educational institutes in Pakistan on the other. In Afghanistan, there was no established educational
infrastructure in the pre-war years; however, war on terrorism also failed to facilitate the learning process.

Demolition of infrastructure like schools, hospitals, electricity supply system, etc., is also a major factor. Due to war
on terror, the victim countries’ social infrastructures have been destroyed and the civilians are deprived of
opportunities to enjoy government services.

Pakistan has been the frontline ally of the US in war on terrorism. With the decision of Pakistan to eliminate
terrorism of all forms and hues, a dramatic escalation in the conflict between insurgents and Pakistan’s armed
forces was witnessed.
At least 52,000 Pakistanis (combatant and non-combatant) have been killed since 2004 and more than 50,000 have
been injured since then by the various parties to the conflict. This does not include the likely deaths of tens of
thousands of more combatants — both insurgents and Pakistani forces.

While acknowledging all the grave consequences of war on terrorism, question emerges, ‘Is there then an
alternate to war on terrorism?’ In fact, the war — both as a response and as a strategy to eliminate terrorism — is
by no means immune to flaws. While confronting an enemy that transcends borders and does not recognize any
defined grounds, war is not an option, at all. Wars often ensue in additional violent conflicts over the new
resources and new political alignments created by an initial invasion or occupation. The civil wars and criminal
violence that erupted in both Iraq and Afghanistan are examples of this phenomenon.

Civil societies and media must work for the rights of victims of terrorism and other violence by armed groups,
supporting them in their struggle for truth, justice and reparation. They should expose and oppose unlawful
detentions carried out in the name of national security or countering terrorism.

All states must respect human rights in any action they take in the name of national security or countering
terrorism. By closing all arbitrary detention centres, shutting down agencies run-prisons, and condemning rather
than justifying torture, the governments can make enormous strides.

Since US declaration to start the war on terrorism, it has substantially been contributing towards the loss of civil
liberties. From the rugged mountains of Afghanistan to the fluvial plains of Syria, and from the settled areas of
Pakistan to the volatile regions of Iraq, the war in its wake has left countless humans dead. Without mitigating acts
of terror and strengthening security, war on terrorism, in fact, is espousing fear and creating a sense of repression
among certain quarters of the world. Evidently, it is nothing short of flaws. It has wreaked so great a havoc that its
effects may not diminish quickly. There is a need to protect and promote human rights and every one’s right
related to social, civic and political spectrum must be protected.

“Injustice any where is a threat to justice everywhere” (Martin Luther King Jr.)
Govt Should eliminate subsidies and incentives for manufacturers and consumers of electric cars as they are
costly and do not do enough to protect environment

[Link]

[Link] Cars in the modern world!

[Link] of Electric Cars

-Nominal environment protection
-Sound free technology
-Reservation of coal & nuclear energy
-Freshness & digitalization of miles while driving 

[Link] Process of Electric Cars

-Chemical Processions 
-Coal generating electricity
-Battery manufacturing 
-Iron, Lithium usages in manufacturing 

[Link] of Electric Cars manufacturing

-Electric manufactured cars are costly 
-Damages of electric car is more than gasoline car
-It generates acid rains
-Skin disease
-Ultimate global warming 

[Link]
-Manufacturing of electric cars should not be appreciated
-Govt should eliminate subsidies & incentives for electric cars
-Scientists should create another alternative source for car fuels e.g. Water, gas, mechano 
-Research on shuttles for innovative contributions 
-Assurances of environment protection
-Role of UNEP, World Bank to ensure & strengthening other technologies
[Link]

The War on terror has contributed to the growing abuse of human rights

[Link]

[Link] growing abuse of Human Rights 

[Link] of war on terror in abusing human rights 

[Link] itself witnessed-War on terror has always been a ghost for human rights!
-Episode of WWI, WWII & abusing of human rights
-Episode of USSR & abusing of human rights 
-Episode of So-called 9/11 incident & again worst abusing of human rights 
-Recent examples of abusing of human rights in Pakistan

~~~~~Killing of little angels in Peshawar school, Capital Punishments, Open Bloodsheding, Sectarian killing, Drones
attacks, Target Killings & so on..

[Link] human rights have been abused by War on Terror?

-Because of wasted interests of western world
-Inefficient role of Global community & human violation
-Abnormal role of Muslim Ummah
-Lack of Religious doctrines 
-Vendetta between political forces 

[Link]
-Restoration & protection of Human rights realistically
-Role of UNO, SAARC, ngos & other global communities in enhancing human rights 
-Coordination between Muslim Ummah in elimination of war on Terror 
-Securities and incentives for Witnesses to crush Terrorists; Human violators 
-Anti Terrorism acts should be implemented 
-Political Will power & implementation of polices 
-Media Role 

[Link]
When life throws you lemons , make lemonade 

[Link]

[Link] is the name of lemon taste!

[Link] of Lemon & lemonade 

[Link] life throws lemons

-Life teaches bitter truths
-Life throws lemons to hurdle 
-Lemons make life demons 
-Demons always do what devil does 

[Link] to lemonade the life 

-Bear the lemons bravely
-Optimistic tendency 
-Hold on, pain ends 
-Altering lemons to demonade with sincerity 

[Link] Analysis 
-Justification of topic with examples from History, Personalities e.g. Nelson Mandela, Quaid e Azam, Thomas
Jefferson, Mahatma Gandhi etc...

[Link]

The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
OUTLINE
1 . Introduction
2 . Background
3. What Is War On Terror and its threat to human rights
4. Violation of Human Rights in the war on terror
A. US drone strikes and Killing of innocent people
B. CIA torture Cells
C. Israelities attrocities by allegedly blaming Hezbollah in Palestine as the terrorist organisation
D. Recent US led coalition against ISIS and its shelling in the prohibited areas
E. Authentication of NAP in Pakistan in terms of misusing military trials against innocent people
F. Lifting of the ban on moratorium in Pakistan
[Link] taken to Prevent war on terror without suppressing human rights
A. Avoiding physical injuries
B. Stop attacking non-proscribed organisations
C. Educating the people by giving them pens rather than weapons
D. Encouraging the role of the UNO by implementing the humanitarian based somewhat just to provide lip service
of condemnation
E. Dialogue as the pluralistic and the cheapest source: one kind of human right of peace
6. Conclusion

The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS

The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
OUTLINE
1 . Introduction
2 . Background
3. What Is War On Terror and its threat to human rights
4. Violation of Human Rights in the war on terror
A. US drone strikes and Killing of innocent people
B. CIA torture Cells
C. Israelities attrocities by allegedly blaming Hezbollah in Palestine as the terrorist organisation
D. Recent US led coalition against ISIS and its shelling in the prohibited areas
E. Authentication of NAP in Pakistan in terms of misusing military trials against innocent people
F. Lifting of the ban on moratorium in Pakistan
[Link] taken to Prevent war on terror without suppressing human rights
A. Avoiding physical injuries
B. Stop attacking non-proscribed organisations
C. Educating the people by giving them pens rather than weapons
D. Encouraging the role of the UNO by implementing the humanitarian based somewhat just to provide lip service
of condemnation
E. Dialogue as the pluralistic and the cheapest source: one kind of human right of peace
6. Conclusion

The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
The WAR ON TERROR HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
OUTLINE
1 . Introduction
2 . Background
3. What Is War On Terror and its threat to human rights
4. Violation of Human Rights in the war on terror
A. US drone strikes and Killing of innocent people
B. CIA torture Cells
C. Israelities attrocities by allegedly blaming Hezbollah in Palestine as the terrorist organisation
D. Recent US led coalition against ISIS and its shelling in the prohibited areas
E. Authentication of NAP in Pakistan in terms of misusing military trials against innocent people
F. Lifting of the ban on moratorium in Pakistan
[Link] taken to Prevent war on terror without suppressing human rights
A. Avoiding physical injuries
B. Stop attacking non-proscribed organisations
C. Educating the people by giving them pens rather than weapons
D. Encouraging the role of the UNO by implementing the humanitarian based somewhat just to provide lip service
of condemnation
E. Dialogue as the pluralistic and the cheapest source: one kind of human right of peace
6. Conclusion

There is no great genius without a mixture of madness

A) Introduction
B) Philosophical perspective
C) Scientists with madness
 D) Conclusion
E)

2016 5. Crisis of good governance in Pakistan: Need for reforms and institution building.
1. Introduction

Pakistan is not a failed state but a badly governed one. Good governance is the inevitable
element of a state the absence of which deteriorates the public welfare. With measured
reforms and institutionalization, governance can be made better in the country.

2. Attributes of Good Governance

– General Public Welfare and State’s Health
– Health, Education, Standard of Living
– Provision of fundamental rights
– Provision of Basic Necessities

3. Crisis of Good Governance in Pakistan

– Sectors badly governed in Pakistan
– Institutions badly governed in Pakistan

4. Causes of Good-Governance Crisis

– Personalization rather than institutionalization
– Corruption and nepotism
– Ineffective short-term policies
– Wrongly set priorities
– Weak accountability
– Weak state governing institutions
– Political instability

5. Reforms and Institution Building

– Strengthening the state institutions
– Making the state institutions independent of undue influence
– Effective implementation of laws
– Empowering accountability and law-enforcing agencies
– Ensuring political stability and nurturing the healthy growth of democratic system

6. Contemporary Governance in Pakistan

7. Conclusion

Pakistan is a state rich in resources and talent but badly governed. A brief history of country
since 1947 reveals how different modes of governance have been brought into experiment
under various civil and military regimes in Pakistan.

Good governance, in general, refers to the measures of a government which bring welfare to
the public lives and state as a whole. Contrary to that, crisis of good governance is the
continuous failure of a government to govern the state and its subjects effectively. Scales to
measure good governance varies just as vary its levels in different government sectors.
If Pakistan is considered under the said definition, it gets obvious that the governments of the
country failed most of the time in governing it well. The reasons behind this failure are mostly
found in the factors of corruption, immoral politics, authoritarianism and dearth of leadership

Crisis of good governance in Pakistan is not a new concept. It has been contested for a long
time. Even today, when the neighboring country like China has evolved from its roots into a well
governed state, Pakistan still lags behind in devising a clear mechanism of governance reforms
and institution building.

Crisis of good governance can be understood only when one gets to know about the attributes
and features of good governance. Among these attributes ‘General Public Welfare and State’s
Health’ come the first. Good governance is attributed with the welfare of the masses. If the
people of a state are living a good life with all the fundamental rights and the basic necessitates
secured, it can be said that the state is well governed. Another part of this is health of state. It
can be measured in economic, defense and political strength of a country. A state when healthy
in its defense and politico-economic outlooks is usually well governed. Further, good
governance brings an overall better standard of life. It can be said in a way that the attributes of
good governance vary in the eyes of a common man, a ruler and a state as a political entity.

Crisis of good governance is the name of a situation when all the attributes mentioned above
are missing or replaced by the social and political abnormalities. These abnormalities can be in
the form of agents which deteriorates the levels of good governance. Pakistan is in state of
governance crisis. Its apparent manifestations can be seen in the declined public health,
illiteracy and poverty. Another important way to judge the crisis of governance in Pakistan
comes in shape of the weak state institutions and mismanaged state-controlled enterprises. For
instance, the decline of Pakistan Steel Mills and Pakistan International Airlines speak how crisis
of good governance swallowed these mighty revenue-producing sectors. Similarly, take
example of judiciary as state institution. It has been suppressed by the executive throughout
the history of the country. There has always been a rift at some level in civil and military
leadership of country. This accounts for a major factor behind the crisis of good governance in
Pakistan which comes in shape of clash between the state institutions thus adversely affecting
their performance.

Among the primary causes of the crisis of good governance in Pakistan comes first the
personalization of things rather that institutionalization. Institutions are important to every
state. When these institutions become hostage to persons they begin to deviate from the
principles of good governance. In Pakistan, during the military rules, the institutions of
executive, legislature and even judiciary have brought into personalization of the ruling
dictator. This helped in rendering the will of the dictator superior over the law of an institute.

Secondly, the factors of corruption and nepotism in a state like Pakistan puts it into governance
crisis. These two things annihilate the state’s governance structure as merit gets to be replaced
by favor.
Thirdly, the lack of long term and well-read state policies becomes another important cause in
bringing crisis of good governance. States are governed well through integrated long term
planning and policies which are implemented in several episodes. In Pakistan, governments
have plans to govern the country well but they collapse because of their short-term nature and
politically motivated objectives.

Fourthly, the priorities of a government also determine the level of state governance. If a state
brings the development of infrastructure as a priority over health, education and welfare of the
masses when these all are required then the system collapses. In Pakistan, more is being spent
on building infrastructure and little on provision of basic facilities like health, education and
employment.

Fifthly, lack of accountability further volatiles the crisis of good governance. Even if the state
officials are corrupt, the bad governance can be averted by holding them accountable. But
when the institutions of accountability become subject to the will of the officials then the crisis
becomes inevitable. In Pakistan the institution of accountability i.e. NAB is often subject of
political controversies. Even the incumbent Prime Minister of Pakistan has discouraged NAB for
its independent investigations.

Lastly, political instability in a state puts it into crisis of good governance. When a system of
governance is not let to evolve and grow normally and political instability is created in the form
of overthrowing a legitimate government, it becomes impossible for a state to ensure good
governance.

In order to bring Pakistan out of the governance-crisis, reforms are essential. Among them
comes first the institution building. This refers to de-personalization of state institutions. All the
state institutions shall be let to work independently without any undue influence and
blackmailing. Bringing judiciary and accountability institutions out of the influence of executive
can help the country out of the crisis. Secondly, ensuring the smooth relations between the civil
and military leadership can also help if not in ensuring good governance then at least in
averting many causes of bad governance.

The Parliament of Pakistan has enacted laws nearly on all the major issues that a state and its
masses may face. The problem lies in implementation of these laws. This is because of the weak
law enforcing agencies. Empowering police as primary measure can help in improving the law
and order situation of Pakistan which will ultimately help it in good governance.

Lastly, if the reforms and institution building are to be successfully brought in Pakistan, it is
essential to ensure political stability and democratic evolution in here. Governance becomes
good in democratic system for most of the times. Though it is not a general rule as many
dictators have brought welfare to their people but that is an exception. In Pakistan
strengthening the democratic system its forefathers chose will help in bringing it out of the
crisis.
In the contemporary run, country might be facing the governance crisis but the evolving custom
of political stability is a ray of hope. Unlike in the past, political government is being let to
complete its constitutional tenure and then go for elections. That is a healthy development
which is bringing Pakistan on the track of good governance. This along with strengthening the
democratic practices will also help in minimizing the causes of the crisis. In compact, Pakistan
has for long been facing the crisis of good governance but the contemporary political phase can
ensure a positive change.

Are modern wars not holy

Introduction
Thesis Statement: The politico-economic interests of states – behind the contemporary
combats – to topple unfavorable governments abroad, to seek easy trade deals, to utilize
natural resources across the world and to establish a desired world order make the modern
wars not the holy wars.

Body Paragraphs

1. Political Interests behind the Modern Wars prevent them from being the Holy Wars.
(A) U.S led war in the Middle East is meant for establishing a favorable political scenario in the
region.
(B) Russia, Turkey and Iran are fighting modern war in Syria to achieve regional political
dominance.
(C) Saudi Arabia is fighting modern war in Yemen because of securing its political influence in
that country.

2. Economic Interests make Modern Wars different from the Holy Wars
(A) States are fighting modern wars to seek control over natural resources.
– U.S. is still fighting its war in Iraq to exploit the latter’s oil.
– China and U.S. are engaging themselves in hostility in Africa for the sake of holding this
region’s natural resources.
(B) Modern Wars are for trade and commercial interests rather than any holy agenda.
– U.S. and China are engaging in an undeclared war of ideas in South East Asia to maintain
exclusive commercial hegemony.

3. Modern Wars are the combats against an ideology of terror not against any religion thus
remaining apart from the Holy Wars.
(A) Modern wars hit the terrorism.
(B) Modern Wars are not against any religion including Islam.
(C) Modern Wars are against the idea of spreading terror.

Conclusion
Modern Wars are different from Holy Wars. Unlike the latter, the former is much more derived
by politico-economic interests of the states rather than any religious or divine agendas.

The Essay:
Existence of wars can be traced back to the point when competition and conflict emerged as
social concepts running parallel with cooperation. Human societies and nations have fought
wars on various grounds i.e. Religious, political and economic. The wars fought on religious
basis were termed as Holy Wars which are quite different from the Modern Wars being
witnessed today. Unlike the Holy Wars, Modern Wars remain considerably political and
economic in nature. These are not derived by any pure religious rivalry or agenda. Nation states
are indulged in fighting these wars to secure their politico-strategic interests, to protect their
investments, to seek maximum benefits out of other countries’ governments and the trade
opportunities available. Besides that, the combat against terrorism is another idea that
overwhelms the Modern Wars thus making them apart from the Holy Wars.

Starting with the politico-strategic interests lying behind the modern wars, it can be clearly
noted that the holy wars are totally a different thing. This is the world of nation-states. Each of
these states maintain specific political interests attached with the developments across the
globe. There are strategic interests nourished by the modern nations to have a conducive
political environment in different regions. Amid these complexities, these nations cooperate
when required but also fight wars when desired. Examples of such modern wars driven by
politico-strategic interests are apparent. Take U.S-led wars being fought in the Middle Eastern
nations of Syria and Iraq. These wars are not against the religion prevailing in the said region
but to secure strategic leverage and political hold there. U.S. desires a pro-American Middle
Eastern regime. That’s why it topples and install governments in the name of democracy. All
this makes its modern wars different from the traditional concept of Holy Wars which used to
be purely religious like Crusades. In another example, consider the presence of Russia, Turkey
and Iran in the Syrian civil war. These states are present and actively engaged in Syrian war to
secure their political interest of regional influence, hold and dominance against the United
States of America. Thirdly, take into consideration Saudi Arabia fighting its modern war against
the Houti rebels in Yemen. The reason behind this engagement of Saudi Kingdom in Yemen is
rarely motivated by a religion or holy spirit but that of pure strategic interest. This helps
understand the modern wars as not holy wars.

Second thing that renders modern wars separate from the holy wars is economic and
commercial arenas of interests. States are engaged in trade within and outside its borders.
Powerful nations tend to secure their economic interests abroad through the pacific tools of
concessions and aid. But they also revert to combative measures sometimes for this purpose.
For instance, U.S. is still ensuring its military presence in Iraq not because of fighting any holy
combat but to hold the country’s natural resources and exploit the maximum economic benefit
from them. Similarly, China and the United States of America are contesting in an undeclared
and informal combat in Africa to control the region’s natural resources for the future use and
excessive economic value. This clearly makes these modern wars differentiated from the holy
wars which are fought for a religious purpose. In another aspect, modern wars are being fought
to have access to the free trade deals and to establish economic hegemony. That is what has
been witnessed in the South-East Asia in the recent months. US and China have come at
daggers drawn to maintain an economic hegemony in the said region. Southeast Asia, being the
home of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is hub of economic activity. This brings
U.S. and China – the two top world powers – in a contention of modern nature which is not
holy in any way

Lastly, the modern war against terrorism makes the contemporary combats different from the
holy wars. The latter were fought for propagation or suppression of a religion. This is not the
case with the modern fight on terrorism that is not against any religion or religious ideology. In
fact, these are against the thinking of terror-spreading through excessive use of violence.
Modern wars on terrorism being fought in Afghanistan, Middle East and to some extent in
Europe and Africa are completely different from what is called as holy war. In such wars the
enemy is murdering humanity. Thus, it makes no sense whether he is a Muslim or a Christian.
Further, it gives him a new identity of a terrorist. This justifies a modern war against him which
works not on religious basis but in the grounds of saving humanity from terror.

In conclusion, wars are a reality. But they vary in their very nature defined by the agenda being
pursued behind them. When the agenda is religious, they are termed as holy wars and when
the agenda became economic, political and strategic; they are called Modern Wars. Today, the
world is experiencing the modern wars which rarely have anything to do with the religious
mindset. Nation states are devising and fighting these wars to ensure the maximum economic
benefits for them in the form of favorable trade deals and free trade regimes. Further, the
political interests of maintain strategic leverages in various regions enable them to shape their
wars with modern mission which would not reflect spirit of any religious or holy cause in them
but purely material. All this obvious material approaches of fighting wars today make them
modern without becoming holy.

More and More Military Engagements by the United Nations

Introduction
Thesis Statement: Amid the increasing military engagements by the UN in the form of its
peacekeeping missions in several African and some Middle Eastern countries; the world seems
gradually moving away from peace as the crisis remains unsolved in the said regions.

Body Paragraphs

1. Understanding the U.N Military Engagements

(A) Peacekeeping Missions
(B) Military Observer Groups
(C) Supervisions of a combative situation through representatives for peace.

2. Analyzing U.N military engagements in Africa and how it failed to lead the world towards
peace
(A) Unsettled crisis in Congo, Sudan and Somalia
(B) Still surviving crisis of Aouzou Strip in Chad and Libya

3. How the UN military engagements in the Middle East are preventing the world from attaining
ultimate peace
(A) UN observation group’s presence in Lebanon and its failure to end the Lebanese conflict
with Israel
(B) UN observation group in Syria and its failure to end the Syrian crisis.

4. UN military engagement in Asia has failed to lead the world towards peace
(A) UN Military Observer Group between Pakistan and India has not been able to end the
boundary crisis in the region
(B) UN Military Observer Group has failed to solve the border dispute between Afghanistan and
Pakistan.

Conclusion
Despite the repeated military engagements led by the U.N. in South Asia, Africa and Middle
East; the body has failed to lead the world towards peace. The crisis remains unresolved or
mostly resurface in African and Middle Eastern regions thus undermining the global peace.

The Essay:
U.N was established following the 2nd World War to establish the world security regime and to
ensure long lasting peace in the new global order. To achieve this rhetoric, the U.N devised
different ways to combat the elements threatening the world security or peace. One method is
its military engagement. That comes in the form of Peacekeeping mission and Military Observer
groups deployed across the world states facing some sort of security or peace crisis. The
performance of such military engagements led by the U.N are however not seen as a greater
success. There are factors that reveal that as the military engagements of the U.N are
increasing, the world keeps on drifting from the path of peace and peaceful coexistence. The
apparent manifestations supporting this assertion lie in the failure of U.N led peacekeeping
missions and military observer groups to ensure peace in African countries of Congo, Sudan and
Somalia. Further, the failure of U.N military engagement in ending the Middle Eastern crisis has
clearly depicted the situation of deteriorating world peace amid the futile efforts

Beginning with the effort to understand the military engagements of the UN, it can be assessed
that in what possible ways the international body is making a futile effort to keep peace in the
world. First manifestation of military engagement of the UN is named as UN Peacekeeping
Missions. These are the military missions carrying soldiers from the armies across the world.
The missions are deployed by the UN for the sake of securing peace in a region or country of
crisis. UN military engagement in the form of Peacekeeping Missions have been mostly
deployed in the African continent. Besides that, these missions have served in the chaotic
Middle Eastern situations. But the question remains about their performance and role in
securing the global peace and security. These military engagements of the UN are often
criticized because the troops in Blue Helmets remains unable to ensure peace in chaotic
situation. Further, they have been found indulged in certain war crimes along with showing
indifference to the genocide of any group in the area under their supervision. Their work thus
remains a military engagement of the UN that is failing to lead the world towards peace.
Second manifestation of UN military engagements is the Military Observer Groups deployed in
the regions where disputes can erupt any time owing to the unsettled territorial or political
problems. These groups lack authority in the areas of their observation. States often override
the suggestion and recommendations of the Military Observer Groups thus undermining the
world peace. Third manifestation of UN military engagement comes in the shape of sending
special representatives to the combative areas of the world. The representatives endeavor to
bring the opposing factions to some terms for the sake of the world peace.

UN military engagements in Africa speak clearly that how this endeavor is proving a failure in
keeping the world on the right track of peace. UN has deployed UN Peacekeeping Missions in
the African countries of Sudan, Somalia, Chad, Libya, Congo and Angola. Many missions have
been completed but the situation in Africa remains miserable. Peace is still a far cry in that
underdeveloped continent. Sudan remains in conflict and Libya presents a bleak picture of
collapse. Further, the problem over the Aouzou Strip between Chad and Libya remains
unresolved despite the years of UN military engagement there. All these factors bring Africa as
an obstruction in the way of ultimate peace and the world remains in chaos.

Speaking of the UN military engagements in the Middle East further elaborates how the world
peace is at stake amid the increasing peacekeeping efforts. Middle East, which is home of the
contemporary world crisis, is under military observation of the UN. The military role of the body
in this region can be currently seen in Syria. UN has special rapporteur on Syria situation. But it
seems that the regional powers like Russia, Iran and Turkey are more powerful there than the
UN itself. This keeps the military engagement of the UN in Middle East undermined thus
hampering the global peace. Similarly, UN Military Observer Group in Lebanon shows its
weakness to end the hostility of Lebanese groups with Israel and its regional supporters. This
situation prevents the world from attaining ultimate peace thus making the UN military
engagements ineffective.
As far as the military engagements of the UN in South Asia are concerned, they also represent a
bleak picture. The traditional boundary disputes between Pakistan and Afghanistan are
unsettled. UN appointed its military observer group over the issue but still Afghanistan does not
recognize the Durand Line with Pakistan. Similarly, the border rift between India and Pakistan
was also brought into consideration of the UN Military Observer Group. But even in this case,
the body remains a failure to settle the problem. War loom in South Asia owing to these
disputed borders thus leading the whole world towards chaos rather than peace.

In brief, UN military engagements in the form of Peacekeeping Missions and Military Observer
Groups in Africa, South Asia and Middle East have marked little success in leading the world
towards peace. In fact, the failure of UN military engagements has undermined the global
peace and security by giving the states more leverage to settle their own issues through non-
pacific and combative means which has resulted in more was and more conflict across the
borders and within the countries.

Essay: World as Global Village: Learning to Live Together

1. Introduction
Globalization has led to the economic, political and socio-cultural integration making the world
a global village. The prospects of learning to live together are, however, still evolving amid the
hurdles persisting to check its course.

2. Aspects of Global Village

– Globalization of economy
– Global integration of politics
– Global village of socio-cultural integration

3. Contemporary Manifestations of ‘Learning to Live Together in Global Village’

– Internet and its global use
– International Political Community
– Global Economic Organizations

4. World Learning To Live Together

– The case study of Iran and P5+1 Nuclear Deal
– The Melting of Ice between Cuba and the US
– The traditional rivals of South Asia and the efforts to live together
5. Hurdles in the Learning of Global Village to Live Together
– Criticism on globalization as a threat to national interests
– Gap between the Global North and the Global South
– Economic, literary, cultural and technological backwardness
– Clash of Interests
– Clash of Civilizations
– Weak international institutions

6. Ways to Learn to Live Together

– Strengthening the global institutions
– Minimizing the ideological difference between civilizations
– Pursuing mutual interests and fighting common threats
– Liberalism of trade
– Dialogue to be the first choice of conflict resolution

7. Conclusion

World is called a global village by the virtue of globalization which is a multi-faceted process.
Globalization is integration of everything. It can be integration of political, cultural and
technological prospects. The most apparent manifestation of globalization is economic and
political integration. Similarly, the globalization which plays major role in making the world a
global village comes in shape of technological integration.

Global village is attributed with sharing information, products, investments and profits. In
political terms global village is featured by presence of an evolved international community at
the platform of the UN. The growth of an integrated village brings several benefits to the
masses as well as states along with causing trouble for the national interests.

Considering the dimensions of global village, the economic integration has brought the world
closer and dependable on each other. Multinational companies, global economic forums and
cross-border investments; all play vital role in making the world a global village.

Political integration of the world states which helps to unite global village becomes obvious at
the platform of the United Nations. This institution has 193 member states which discuss and
decide upon all the important political events of international prospects. International political
security, regional and global alliances against terrorism, international treaties on nuclear non-
proliferation; all reveal the political integration of the global village.

Another important aspect of global village is socio-cultural integration. It is the mixing of

cultural values and customs to evolve the new ones. Apparent manifestation of socio-cultural
integration in the global village comes in the shape of fashion, traditions and practices one
adopts after getting inspired by another culture through books and movies most of the times.
These all aspects of globalization render the global village to learn to live together. This
becomes possible when the world states interact and find mutual interests. Those interests
might be political, economic or social.

Multinational organizations and global institutions represent another manifestation of how the
world is learning to live together. European Union, for example, represents togetherness of the
European nations. Similarly, ASEAN is the association of South East Asian nations for attaining
definite economic goals. In South Asia SAARC emerges to be an organization for regional
cooperation. IMF and the World Bank bring the world closer in monetary aspects. Muslim
states of the world form OIC as their distinct body. NATO is a military alliance of European and
American nations. Thus, in all ways, world states practice the art of living together for the
obvious reasons.

Recently two important developments in the global political context occurred that reflect how
the nations are learning to live together. First came the nuclear deal between Iran and P5+1.
Iran and the US had been at daggers drawn since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The country
also went to develop nuclear weapons secretly unless came to the knowledge of international
community. This led to the beginning of talks between Iran and the Permanent Five members
of the UN Security Council along with Germany.

The deals bore positive results after years of negotiations. This proves how the global states are
learning to live together in the global village. Today, Iran is back in the mainstream
international transactions. The danger to the global village has been averted.

Second case comes from the continents of America. The United States and the Latin American
state of Cuba remained in rift since 1959 when Cuba was revolutionized by the forces of Fidel
Castro. The Castro government was unfavorable to the US throughout the years of the Cold
War. The US has for long imposed embargo on the island state of Cuba. The ice however melted
previous year when the Pope visited both the countries helping them to normalize relations.
This visit was followed by initiating diplomatic relations between both the countries after more
than 70 years. This case also reveals the willingness and practice of the world to live together in
the global village.

Third case study can be made on the South Asian states of India and Pakistan. Both the
countries have several territorial disputes along with ideological and historical differences. They
have fought two full-scale wars and a number of other skirmishes. But both find no solution in
offensive methods. Comprehensive dialogue between both the states has been revived recently
which reflects that they are learning to live together as peaceful neighbors though it’s tough.

Living together in the global village brings fruits of harmony, peace, trade and unity. But at the
same time smaller states becomes victim of the evils of globalization. For example, World Trade
Organization aims at lowering the trade tariffs across the globe. This brings free trade for the
global village but not the fair trade. Developing states find it difficult to lower the tariffs on the
limited products they export to earn revenue.
Along with this major hurdle there are several other obstacles in the learning of global village to
live together. One major hurdle is clash of interests and priorities. Not all the world states
prioritize the same things on their respective national agendas. Some times in the wake of
global village’s mantra the national interests of the states are at stake. This declines confidence
of those states on the virtues of global village.

Clash of civilizations is another theory which undermines the art of learning to live together.
The theory given by Huntington speaks for the grounds of clash between the world states in the
future would be cultural. This puts stones in the way of global integration.

Further the structural flaws in the international institutions which help in strengthening the
hegemony of a few powerful states also impede the process of learning to live together. In
order to ensure better working of global village international institutions are to be strengthened
ending all the undue influence upon them.

People need to find the common goals and mutual interests in order to learn the art of living
together in the global village. States need to collectively fight the common threats at the same
time. Preference of liberalism over realism can be more beneficial in achieving this goal.

In compact, nations depend on each other. This level of dependence when reaches its peak, the
world begins to become a global village. Hurdles in the way of globalization persist amid the
efforts of international community to unite on the points of mutual interests.

Essay: The Creation of New Provinces in Pakistan: Implications for an Integrated

Country

1. Issue
Creation of new provinces in Pakistan is necessity as well as a popular demand. The issue, at the
same time, brings political controversies and raises questions about its impacts on the national
unity thus blurring the entire scheme.

2. Voices and Movements for the Creation of New Provinces in Pakistan

– Voice for Creating Saraiki Province in Punjab
– Demand of Creating Mohajir Province in Sindh
– Demand for Creating Pashtun Province in Baluchistan
– Hazara Province Demand in Khyber Pakhtunhawa

3. How Creation of New Provinces can Integrate Pakistan?

– Smaller provinces – Better Administration
– Better administration – National Cohesion
– Giving the People their Territorial Recognition
4. How Creation of New Provinces can Disintegrate Pakistan?
– Politicizing the Issue for Politically motivated objectives
– Creating new provinces on the base of ethnicities
– Resurgence of provincialism
– Divergent provincial priorities

5. The Middle Way

Creation of new provinces should be on administrative grounds not ethnic basis

7. Conclusion

Creation of new provinces remains an important subject of politics in a developing country

which has limited available resources. Pakistan is no exception in this regard. The country has
federal structure of government in which there is a central government and several provincial
government depending upon the number of provices. Pakistan is home of four major provinces,
one sub-autonomous state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and an administrative unit of Gilgit
Baltistan which is not a full province yet.

Amid the said scenario, there are demands for the creation of new provinces in Pakistan. These
demands are based more of ethnic outlooks rather than political and administrative grounds.
The demand of new provinces in Pakistan become apparent in the form of several movements
destines to attain provincial autonomy.

Creation of new provinces brings several positive as well as negative impacts on the state’s
health. In Pakistan the creation is however more politicized matter thus blurring the distinct
pros and cons of creating new provinces. This further brings questions over the integration of
Pakistan with the creation of new provinces as the political parties here lack a unanimous
verdict.

Before knowing about the implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan’s integration, it’s
wise to learn about the major movements demanding new provinces in the country. First
comes the demand for creation of a new province in the Southern part of the Punjab. This part
of the Punjab is dominated by Saraiki speaking people who recognize themselves as a distinct
ethnic group. But the demand of this Saraiki Province is not mere on the ethnic grounds.
Backwardness and low-development levels in the Southern Punjab leads to the demand of this
province. Further, people of Southern Punjab find it difficult to reach the Provincial capital city
of Lahore for an administrative task. This demand finds its grip strengthened arguing that most
of the budget of the Punjab province is spent on central areas of the province thus depriving
them of their due right.

Second important demand comes from the Muhajir Community of Karachi. The community asks
for the upgradation of Karachi into a separate province. Karachi is the provincial capital of the
Sindh Province. Making it a new province as demanded would be purely ethnic step.
Third is the demand of creating Pashtun Province in Baluchistan. Being the largest area of
Pakistan, Baluchistan is the house of Balochs mostly. Some Northern part of this province is
dominated by the Pashtuns who want a separate province there.

Fourth demand of creating a new province sought a vociferous voice recently after the name of
NWFP was changed into KPK Province. It is the Hazara community of the KPK province that
demands for creation of a new Hazara Province in KPK. This demand is also on ethnic basis as
the Hazara community distinguishes itself from the Pashtuns of the KPK.

Under the light of the said demands, the implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan’s
integration can be evaluated in shape of pros and cons of taking such a step. Creating new
provinces in Pakistan can integrate the country by infusing a sense of confidence in the minds
of Siraiki, Pashtun, Muhajir and Hazarans communities of the country. This can prevent them
from taking any drastic steps. Secondly, to demand autonomous administrative provinces is not
an unconstitutional thing. They can forward their reservations over the unjust distribution of
provincial budgets within various areas of a province. Thus giving them the autonomous
provinces can bring them into mainstream national politics

Another important implication of creating new provinces on the national integration will come
in shape of self-rule. When the people of these areas will be allowed to exercise provincial
autonomy thus ruling themselves, they can better decide their lives keeping in view their
resources and needs. This thing will keep them busy in healthy local politics and prevent
sedition.

Thirdly, creating new provinces can ensure better administration. It is mostly difficult to
administer a large province. Thus dividing it into two or more smaller provinces can help in
administering it well. This also brings fortune to the people of that area without transmission of
resources and revenue to the other autonomous parts of the province.

Fourthly, creation of new provinces strengthens national integration by bringing welfare to the
state as a whole. When a province of country is welfare, it will surely add to the strength of the
state.

Contrary to the positive implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan, there are certain
abnormalities that are attributed with taking such a step. In general creation of new provinces
is a constitutional step which in no way can disintegrate a country. A nation’s integration begins
to deteriorate when the issue about the creation of new provinces is politicized. When the
political parties begin to measure the creation of new provinces according to their peculiar
interests, several controversies emerge. Take example of the behavior of Pakistan’s political
parties on the issue of new provinces. Pakistan People’s Party supports the voice for Siraiki
province to curb the influence of Pakistan Muslim League (N) in Punjab. To counter this move,
the latter political party supports the Muhajir community in making Karachi a province to
contain the influence of Pakistan People’s Party in Sindh. Thus, this sort of politics keeps on
rendering the issues controversial.
Pakistan’s integration will be adversely impacted by the creation of new provinces in case the
provinces are created on ethnic lines. A new province is meant to be created on administrative
basis. It is when done in order to favor an ethnic group, the national integration faces a blow.

New provinces if created in Pakistan can weaken country’s integration if provincialism

overwhelms the political scene. If the people of a province pledge to vote only the political
party of that province, it will annihilate national cohesion. In the past, the people of Bengal
voted for Awami Muslim League and the Peoples Party won in the West Pakistan. This later
proved to be of fatal consequence when the politico-lingual gaps between the two became so
wide that the East Pakistan seceded from the West Pakistan. This sort of provincialism has
caused considerable damage to the national unity in the past.

To cope all such circumstances in Pakistan, a middle way can be adopted. New provinces shall
not be created as a first resort but this is conditioned with the pledge to administer the already
existing provinces with just policies for all areas. In case it becomes inevitable to create a new
province, it should be in no way on the ethnic lines. This can lead to dire consequences and
sever implications on national integration.

In compact, creation of new provinces can be fruitful if not based on ethnic lines and not
subject to abnormal politicization of the issues. Pakistan integration shall be kept prior before
devising any such plan

Classrooms decide the future of the nation.

Outlines
1. Introduction
-which place can be called classroom
 -purpose of classes
2. Role of classrooms in our society
-role while childhood
-role at secondary
-role in higher education
3. Necessity of classrooms

Traditionally a room designated to teach student in school or college is known as class room.
But in more generic view any place where people are taught something can be classrooms. So
by definition first classroom of someone is his own home. Future of nation a mainly depends
upon who much of its population, knows the difference of right or wrong, who much of its
population are capable of doing things which other are cant do .No one comes in the world
knowing about things. Things are need to be taught to them. And the place where it is known
As classroom

Dear Strategic and other members, please evaluate my outline.

Many of us are not living our dreams, because we are living our fears.

1. Introduction
2. Thesis statement
2.1. Survival mechanism forces to adopt and conform
 2.2. Leaving little room for following dreams
3. Theoretical framework
3.1. Structural functionalism
3.2. Freud psychoanalytical theory
3.3. Maslow hierarchy of needs
4. Structures and barrier hindering dream following
4.1. Religion
4.2. Culture and social norms
4.3. Nationalism
4.4. Ethnicity
4.5. Language
4.6. Law and rules
5. How individual respond to structures
5.1. Rational choice theory
5.2. Conformity as survival mechanism
5.3. Concept of deviance and associated costs
6. Reasons of not following dreams, resultant effect
6.1. Fear of uncertainty
6.2. Fear of failure
6.3. Fear of ridicule and rejection
6.4. Fear of isolation and termed as deviant
6.5. Cultural inertia
7. Dream following=Risk taking, what are prerequisites?
7.1. Broadening economic choices
7.2. Making back up plans
7.3. Social resilience
8. Common examples and their analysis
9. Conclusion

Too many of us are not living our dreams because we are living our fears.

Outline
1. Introduction
What is fear?
2. Effect of overthinking
3. Thinking of result before test
4. Common fears of life
-fear of job
Fear of future
Fear of society
5. Insecurity
6. Effect of giving up dreams and living in fear.

When we get afraid of something, it is said we have fear from that thing. Fear of
life has become common mental issue with our society. People don’t do what
they want do because of fear of multiple things.

From childhood to death, most of us don’t let our inside fear go, to accomplish
our dream.
In childhood we don’t have much sense, we fear least in this age, but it is still
there. The most common of that is getting pass in the examination. Many student
who want to accomplish something else like want to be actor, singer, athlete etc .
What ever they want to become are caplable of becoming in fear of not
considering their education they give up their dream.
When we grew up, fear inside us strat growing up, we start thinking about of
benefits of things we are going to do. We look at merits and demerits of those
things. Even though not being stasfied of doing what we are doing we do those
things looking at their uncountable advantages.

Expanding Information Technology; A curse or blessing.

1. Introduction
2. Need of information technology
- Research need
-scientific need
-educational need
-Social need
3. Positive impact of information technology
- World has become global village
-time has been saved
-accuracy in every field of science and art
[Link]
-lack of physical
-cyber attacks
-increase in online fraud
-waste of time
5. Conclusion

Whatever science has achieved it has, in many cases have both ill and good effects. One of
which dominate other. On the basis of what is dominating in a particular invention that
invention can be termed as curse or blessing. So far, the biggest curse which science has
invented can be nuclear bombs. Information technology like other fields of science has multiple
benefits and is not free from curse as well. We have become so much depended on these
technologies. If they just cease to working for even one minute all at a time. It would have
consequences, we can’t imagine. Interestingly, areas which lack with these technologies will be
least suffered.

Information technology has so expanded in our society that we can’t perform our daily works
properly without it. Like we can’t pay our utility bills, we can’t call anyone, we won’t be able to
text anyone on WhatsApp. Neither we will be able to send a snap. That all would be start when
we fill absence of IT. Many processes of world mainly depend on these technologies. All
research
Programs of world won’t keep on, even we can lose precious amount of data. Signal which we
are receiving from satellite revolving around the earth and other planets will come to halt.

Not just field like research need information technology. Expanding of information technology
had made world close to each, we now are able to communicate with anyone, sitting anywhere
in the world with the span of seconds. This reduction of communication gap has bought people
so much near that the process which needed months or days to be completed, are been
completed in hours and minutes. This expansion of information of technology has thus also
saved our time.

In the sector of education, the requirement of information technology cannot be denied. The
rapid progress in field of education is all consequence of this increase of use of IT. New and
easy techniques have enabled us to spread knowledge to every part of the world in minutes.
Gone are the days, when a new invention required ample amount of time to be spread across
the world, any scientific discovery took years of time to be reached in every corner of the
world. With the help of these technologies, information is now as spread as ink is mixed in
water. Meanwhile this development also has drawn-backs, often, discoveries of one are copied
by others, and the one first brought light on anything don’t get his due honor. Also, sometime it
becomes, difficult to get verified and trustful material on the internet. The issue of use of copy
right material has also become so common. Nevertheless, work is being done to resolve them.
And they are comprisable against its advantages.

Many software and applications have been programmed which has ability to resolve problems
occurring in every field of science. No field of world is left, where we can’t use particular
software to ease our work and solve problem. Even software has been developed to heir a taxi.
Every field be it, engineering, medical, business, art all need software to get accurate and
precise results. For example, in engineering software like AutoCAD, math lab, c++, dev c++,
Etcetera are been used. These software have enabled us to draw plans. Perform stimulation.
Compute result. Arrange data. There is much other engineering application which performs
engineering problems. In field of art, like graphic designing adobe Photoshop serves is principal
application. There are multiple applications for video editing too. Apart of these specific needed
application. There are other so common applications. Without which our daily task can’t be
completed. One of which are soft wares developed Microsoft.

It is true this expansion of IT, have been fruit full in almost every field of science and art. But it
won’t be wrong either to say it has greatly affected our lives. There are direct and in direct
effect of these developments.

Communication gap is certainly reduced, but physical gap has virtually enhanced. When there
weren’t such technologies people used to talk with each, they respected each other. But now
we even don’t know who is living in our neighborhood. People used to play outside, they played
physical games, which maintained their health and also kept them mentally fit. People used to
lead a simple and natural life. Spending hours and hours on computer screens, sitting at one
place whole day, even not getting up for meal has caused some serious issues. More people
now a day have diseases of eyes than before. People aren’t fit now a days, IT has indirect
influence in that too.

Just useful content is not spread on internet. Violence, hate messages, adult content, ill
speeches are also spreading as fast as useful material though efforts are been made to stop it.
But we haven’t seen much success in it. Fake information is spread like a wild fire on internet.

Humiliating videos and pictures of known and common people are very often posted on social
media. People don’t care how much it can affect and insult that person; it is just used for fun
purpose. We have witnessed several cases of these incidents, in which these people go under
depression and do things which they shouldn’t. I would like to write one of such incidents, last
Sunday Sindh university conducted its entrance test. A girl after test was asked a question by a
local media; she insisted that she wasn’t in condition to give answer. Reporter said it will be
very simple one. She agreed. The question was who prime minister of Pakistan is and her
answer was “Quaid-e-Azam” this video become viral. Seeing this situation that girl is now in
depression.
 Mind of young generation was been completed whitewashed at the very early age. The
content which is if often wondering over internet is causing more problem than benefits. It can
be argued parent should pay attention on such thing, but it cannot be denied what bought it in
first place, also in many causes’ children has become smart enough to fool their parents, which
is also due to these technologies.

No doubt modern IT has saved our lot of time. But now a day it has also become source of
waste of huge time. Modern social media apps, modern pc and mobile games, adult content
people spend considerable amount of time on this platform. People don’t realize who much
time they consume for just scrolling down Facebook, Twitter, watching prank videos on
YouTube. Everyone knows what person do after watching adult content. Due to easy availability
of such content, people do what they shouldn’t do often.

All and all these technologies are helping science to develop more rapidly, they are also
contributing to the fields which are producing disastrous outcomes, whose affect are visible to
us. This global warming, spread of hater, cybercrime all is linked to information technologies.

People may be living comfortable lives for now, but this expansion will ultimately lead us to
end, which would have never happened has things been natural. So, in conclusion this
expansion of information technology is cruse in blessing.
World as a global village: Learning to live together.

1) Introduction:
Thesis statement: Although people around the world lives far apart from each other but in
percent time everyone is somehow dependent on one another. Thus, world has become a
global village.
2) What does a globe mean?
I. Definition of globe.
II. Why world is called a global village?
III. How did earth become a globe?
3) Why we need to learn to live together?
I. Everyone depends on one another.
II. To maintain peace in the world.
III. For the prosperity of the world.
IV. To avail the resources of one another.
V. To reduce earth pollution.
4) How do we live with each other?
I. By creating trust among different nation.
II. Forming organization for betterment of each other.
III. Spreading the lesson of humanity.
IV. Role of united nation
V. By discouraging social, political, ethnical, racial, geographical and political differences
VI. By establishing a relationship of a give and take.
5) Consequences of world as being a global village
a) Positive
I. Resources of everyone increased
II. A case study: of village (how people help each other in difficult time)
b) Negative
I. Ease for selfish countries to take advantage from other
II. Unemployment in countries where many migrants come
III. Identity, culture, civilization of certain region being compromised.
6) Conclusion
 The Emerging Power of Social Media: Prospects and Problems.
1) Introduction:
Thesis statement: Social media has become an inseparable part of our life which posses
both side of a coin one being healthy and other ill.
2) What is social media?
I. Origin of social media
II. Initially a mode of communication
III. It has now developed in source of information, news, advertisement etc.
IV. Different platform of social media
3) Prospects of social media
I. Role of social media making world a global village.
II. Social media as bridge to gap physical distance between people
III. Social media as platform to raise voice against injustice
IV. Use of social media for business purposes
V. Social media a source awareness
VI. Social media a source to learn
VII. Social media a platform to show-off
4) Problems of social media
I. Excessive use results in lot of wastage of time
II. Social media as source of leisure in idle time has made habitual of not doing
physical activities
III. Issue of privacy at social media
IV. Harassment being a common problem on social media
V. Trend, pranks, memes hurting sentiment of people
VI. Brainwashing of children
VII. Distanced from family member
VIII. Increase in Cibber crime
5) Means to improve social media
I. Imposing age limit
II. Enabling more verification protocols
III. Enhancement of reviewing policy
6) Conclusion
Essay: The Creation of New Provinces in Pakistan: Implications for an Integrated
Country

1. Issue
Creation of new provinces in Pakistan is necessity as well as a popular demand. The issue, at the
same time, brings political controversies and raises questions about its impacts on the national
unity thus blurring the entire scheme.

2. Voices and Movements for the Creation of New Provinces in Pakistan

– Voice for Creating Saraiki Province in Punjab
– Demand of Creating Mohajir Province in Sindh
– Demand for Creating Pashtun Province in Baluchistan
– Hazara Province Demand in Khyber Pakhtunhawa

3. How Creation of New Provinces can Integrate Pakistan?

– Smaller provinces – Better Administration
– Better administration – National Cohesion
– Giving the People their Territorial Recognition

4. How Creation of New Provinces can Disintegrate Pakistan?

– Politicizing the Issue for Politically motivated objectives
– Creating new provinces on the base of ethnicities
– Resurgence of provincialism
– Divergent provincial priorities

5. The Middle Way

Creation of new provinces should be on administrative grounds not ethnic basis

7. Conclusion
Creation of new provinces remains an important subject of politics in a developing country
which has limited available resources. Pakistan is no exception in this regard. The country has
federal structure of government in which there is a central government and several provincial
government depending upon the number of provices. Pakistan is home of four major provinces,
one sub-autonomous state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and an administrative unit of Gilgit
Baltistan which is not a full province yet.

Amid the said scenario, there are demands for the creation of new provinces in Pakistan. These
demands are based more of ethnic outlooks rather than political and administrative grounds.
The demand of new provinces in Pakistan become apparent in the form of several movements
destines to attain provincial autonomy.

Creation of new provinces brings several positive as well as negative impacts on the state’s
health. In Pakistan the creation is however more politicized matter thus blurring the distinct
pros and cons of creating new provinces. This further brings questions over the integration of
Pakistan with the creation of new provinces as the political parties here lack a unanimous
verdict.

Before knowing about the implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan’s integration, it’s
wise to learn about the major movements demanding new provinces in the country. First
comes the demand for creation of a new province in the Southern part of the Punjab. This part
of the Punjab is dominated by Saraiki speaking people who recognize themselves as a distinct
ethnic group. But the demand of this Saraiki Province is not mere on the ethnic grounds.
Backwardness and low-development levels in the Southern Punjab leads to the demand of this
province. Further, people of Southern Punjab find it difficult to reach the Provincial capital city
of Lahore for an administrative task. This demand finds its grip strengthened arguing that most
of the budget of the Punjab province is spent on central areas of the province thus depriving
them of their due right.

Second important demand comes from the Muhajir Community of Karachi. The community asks
for the upgradation of Karachi into a separate province. Karachi is the provincial capital of the
Sindh Province. Making it a new province as demanded would be purely ethnic step.

Third is the demand of creating Pashtun Province in Baluchistan. Being the largest area of
Pakistan, Baluchistan is the house of Balochs mostly. Some Northern part of this province is
dominated by the Pashtuns who want a separate province there.

Fourth demand of creating a new province sought a vociferous voice recently after the name of
NWFP was changed into KPK Province. It is the Hazara community of the KPK province that
demands for creation of a new Hazara Province in KPK. This demand is also on ethnic basis as
the Hazara community distinguishes itself from the Pashtuns of the KPK.

Under the light of the said demands, the implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan’s
integration can be evaluated in shape of pros and cons of taking such a step. Creating new
provinces in Pakistan can integrate the country by infusing a sense of confidence in the minds
of Siraiki, Pashtun, Muhajir and Hazarans communities of the country. This can prevent them
from taking any drastic steps. Secondly, to demand autonomous administrative provinces is not
an unconstitutional thing. They can forward their reservations over the unjust distribution of
provincial budgets within various areas of a province. Thus giving them the autonomous
provinces can bring them into mainstream national politics

Another important implication of creating new provinces on the national integration will come
in shape of self-rule. When the people of these areas will be allowed to exercise provincial
autonomy thus ruling themselves, they can better decide their lives keeping in view their
resources and needs. This thing will keep them busy in healthy local politics and prevent
sedition.

Thirdly, creating new provinces can ensure better administration. It is mostly difficult to
administer a large province. Thus dividing it into two or more smaller provinces can help in
administering it well. This also brings fortune to the people of that area without transmission of
resources and revenue to the other autonomous parts of the province.

Fourthly, creation of new provinces strengthens national integration by bringing welfare to the
state as a whole. When a province of country is welfare, it will surely add to the strength of the
state.

Contrary to the positive implications of creating new provinces on Pakistan, there are certain
abnormalities that are attributed with taking such a step. In general creation of new provinces
is a constitutional step which in no way can disintegrate a country. A nation’s integration begins
to deteriorate when the issue about the creation of new provinces is politicized. When the
political parties begin to measure the creation of new provinces according to their peculiar
interests, several controversies emerge. Take example of the behavior of Pakistan’s political
parties on the issue of new provinces. Pakistan People’s Party supports the voice for Siraiki
province to curb the influence of Pakistan Muslim League (N) in Punjab. To counter this move,
the latter political party supports the Muhajir community in making Karachi a province to
contain the influence of Pakistan People’s Party in Sindh. Thus, this sort of politics keeps on
rendering the issues controversial.

Pakistan’s integration will be adversely impacted by the creation of new provinces in case the
provinces are created on ethnic lines. A new province is meant to be created on administrative
basis. It is when done in order to favor an ethnic group, the national integration faces a blow.

New provinces if created in Pakistan can weaken country’s integration if provincialism

overwhelms the political scene. If the people of a province pledge to vote only the political
party of that province, it will annihilate national cohesion. In the past, the people of Bengal
voted for Awami Muslim League and the Peoples Party won in the West Pakistan. This later
proved to be of fatal consequence when the politico-lingual gaps between the two became so
wide that the East Pakistan seceded from the West Pakistan. This sort of provincialism has
caused considerable damage to the national unity in the past.

To cope all such circumstances in Pakistan, a middle way can be adopted. New provinces shall
not be created as a first resort but this is conditioned with the pledge to administer the already
existing provinces with just policies for all areas. In case it becomes inevitable to create a new
province, it should be in no way on the ethnic lines. This can lead to dire consequences and
sever implications on national integration.

In compact, creation of new provinces can be fruitful if not based on ethnic lines and not
subject to abnormal politicization of the issues. Pakistan integration shall be kept prior before
devising any such plan

PUNCTUALITY IS VIRTUE OF BORED

1. The topic needs to understand in its essence

i) Timeliness and natural rhythm of the universe
ii) Time is money
iii) Man tries to create punctual systems, timeline-following devices
iv) Wasting time waste person
v) punctuality of man is paradox
2. what is punctuality and what does it indicate
i) discipline
ii) value of time
iii) sense of responsibility
iv) conformity
v) ritualism
3. what is missing in punctuality
i) curiosity
ii) adventure
iii) breaking away from tradition
iv) non-conformity
v) preparation for failure
vi) desire for novelty
vii) punctuality pits you against same competitors
4. Is it worse than procrastinations?
i) Different sides of the same coin as one is doing the same thing in a routine manner and not
feeling provoked
 ii) Punctuality in a mismanaged environment equals procrastinating in well-managed
environment
5. Why virtue of the bored?
i) Doing the same thing again and again.
ii) Missing the fun in adventure
iii) Individualism is dampened
iv) It leads poverty of thought
v) It pits one against the same competitor
vi) It lacks spices and pickles that makes life interesting
6. Punctuality value able?
i) Depends on the scenario
ii) Time is valuable
iii) A fine equilibrium to be maintained
iv) Adventure should not be missed
7. Conclusion

When We look around us and observe how nature is playing its role. kFollowing proper chain of
commands, doing what they are supposed to do, when they are supposed to do. They don’t change
their routine. They are punctual more than anything else. Their punctuality is not ineffectual. Suppose if
sun rises arbitrary on any time as it wishes. What impact would that make to us? Our entire way of
living will be affected. We won’t be able to do thing which we are supposed to. If there is no timeline of
certain phenomena happening, it would impact us gravely. The more important a thing is the sooner it
should be done.

We are living an era in which money is everything and it has ever been. But there is as important as
money if not more that is time. Time can be linked in money ways, and can be proved more important
than money .like money, time need to be spent carefully. It cannot be wasted as money cannot be. Both
time and money produces happiness, success, advantages if invested rightly. But in some cases time is
more worthy then money. Money once spent can be earned back but time once spent never comes
back. It is rightly said “Time is money”.

Mankind understands the value of time, that the reason they create systems to be punctual of time. A
timeless world never would have achieved what it has achieved. We as human being want everything
to be on time. When things don’t happen on time it may result disasters. World moves when people are
punctual. If we take any system of world and don’t make it punctual it will never work. The degree of
punctuality may vary. If we compare a transportation system with medical system then the later needs
to be dead punctual as a delay of few minutes in certain causes can lose life. Nevertheless a
transportation system needs to be punctual as well. A delay of a half an hour could affect many.
Similarly the importance of time can be emphasized in other system as well like in military operations,
politics, construction, manufacturing, and etcetera.
It will not be exaggeration to say wasting time waste person. We came in world with limited amount of
time. If wasted for nothing that just make us an idiot. Time is the most precious thing for us. No one can
snitch our time from us. It may seem this little thing: being punctual isn’t much fruitful. But if we
observe carefully doing things on time it produce fruit full result.

So after all emphasizing of time. What is it really needs to be done to save time. One of the ways is to be
punctual. Punctuality means do to assigned work on their. To perform things on exact time when they
need to be done. Punctuality not only saves our time it makes a man ordered. It is not in the nature of
man just do thing on exact time. When one does so he becomes ordered. A habit is created in him to
complete work as soon as possible without hurrying. He saves himself from lot of trouble by doing
things on time. Such a person can be regarded as active person. On the contrary someone who does not
do their work on time considered lazy. People rely on former type of person. Only a punctual man
knows the importance of time. He utilizes it with utter most care and do not waste it. It may seem how
being punctual could be much lethal in our daily life. We often have habit of doing work at 11 th hour.
This may just not affect our work but also puts lots of pressure on us which may create other lot of
problems on the other hand if someone is tend to do work on time, he will not to that task properly but
will also save much time. A punctual feels it necessary to do work on time. This in a way makes him
more disciplined. The urge of doing things at their makes be sensible and responsible. Thus just one this
habit can make a man perfect in numerous other ways. This discipline, sense of responsibility, value of
time helps him to conformity and ritualism.

All being said about punctuality does it implies that in every instance of life should we follow it? Does
every aspect of our life demands punctuality? Is punctuality always helpful? Last but not least is there
any fun being punctual? The answers to all these question is “no”. As saying goes “everything in excess is
poison” same applies on being punctual. Most of the time it is good to be punctual, sometime it is
necessary it demands to be. But it is also true delay in some cases is necessary. Following same things
again and again on time makes life dull and boring. As always waking up at 7 am and go to school is not
interesting at all. Being busy doing their task always leave the part when they have to something else.
Strictly doing things at exact time may impact people in way that they are no more curious in doing
other things. People who are too punctual follow a strict way of life. It tends to make them follow a
prescribed way of life, follow same tradition, don’t let them do out of box. Things could be done even if
we are not punctual delaying things sometimes is adventurous. We can do other things while resting
former. Also if someone does thing when needed to be done he will not be able to cop the situation
when we will not be able to face the difficulties. He never did that before.

Living a life in which one is to punctual is not ideal. We miss anything in order just be on time. Being on
time is not important. The one who comes late is always remembered. Bill gates one said that we would
rather a lazy person to do his work as he would found ten easy ways to do same job.
 PUNCTUALITY IS VIRTUE OF BORED

8. The topic needs to understand in its essence

vi) Timeliness and natural rhythm of the universe
vii) Time is money
viii) Man tries to create punctual systems, timeline-following devices
ix) Wasting time waste person
x) punctuality of man is paradox
9. what is punctuality and what does it indicate
vi) discipline
vii) value of time
viii) sense of responsibility
ix) conformity
x) ritualism
 10. what is missing in punctuality
viii) curiosity
ix) adventure
x) breaking away from tradition
xi) non-conformity
xii) preparation for failure
xiii) desire for novelty
xiv) punctuality pits you against same competitors
11. Is it worse than procrastinations?
iii) Different sides of the same coin as one is doing the same thing in a routine manner and not
feeling provoked
iv) Punctuality in a mismanaged environment equals procrastinating in well-managed
environment
12. Why virtue of the bored?
vii) Doing the same thing again and again.
viii) Missing the fun in adventure
ix) Individualism is dampened
x) It leads poverty of thought
xi) It pits one against the same competitor
xii) It lacks spices and pickles that makes life interesting
13. Punctuality value able?
v) Depends on the scenario
vi) Time is valuable
vii) A fine equilibrium to be maintained
viii) Adventure should not be missed
14. Conclusion

When look around us and observe who nature is playing it role. Following proper chain of commands,
doing what they are supposed to do, when they are supposed to do. They don’t change their routine.
They are punctual more than anything else. Their punctuality is not ineffectual. Suppose if sun rises
arbitrary on any time as it wishes. What impact would that make to us? Our entire way of living will be
affected. We won’t be able to do thing which we are supposed to. If there is no timeline of certain
phenomena happening, it would impact us gravely. The more important a thing is the sooner it should
be done.

We are living an era in which money is everything and it has ever been. But there is as important as
money if not more that is time. A co