5/18/22, 2:29 PM Python Modules
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Python Modules
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What is a Module?
Consider a module to be the same as a code library.
A file containing a set of functions you want to include in your application.
Create a Module
To create a module just save the code you want in a file with the file extension .py :
Example
Save this code in a file named [Link]
def greeting(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
Use a Module
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Now we can use the module we just created, by using the import statement:
Example
Import the module named mymodule, and call the greeting function:
import mymodule
[Link]("Jonathan")
Run Example »
Note: When using a function from a module, use the syntax:
module_name.function_name.
Variables in Module
The module can contain functions, as already described, but also variables of all types
(arrays, dictionaries, objects etc):
Example
Save this code in the file [Link]
person1 = {
"name": "John",
"age": 36,
"country": "Norway"
Example
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Import the module named mymodule, and access the person1 dictionary:
import mymodule
a = mymodule.person1["age"]
print(a)
Run Example »
Naming a Module
You can name the module file whatever you like, but it must have the file extension .py
Re-naming a Module
You can create an alias when you import a module, by using the as keyword:
Example
Create an alias for mymodule called mx :
import mymodule as mx
a = mx.person1["age"]
print(a)
Run Example »
Built-in Modules
There are several built-in modules in Python, which you can import whenever you like.
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Example
Import and use the platform module:
import platform
x = [Link]()
print(x)
Try it Yourself »
Using the dir() Function
There is a built-in function to list all the function names (or variable names) in a module.
The dir() function:
Example
List all the defined names belonging to the platform module:
import platform
x = dir(platform)
print(x)
Try it Yourself »
Note: The dir() function can be used on all modules, also the ones you create yourself.
Import From Module
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You can choose to import only parts from a module, by using the from keyword.
Example
The module named mymodule has one function and one dictionary:
def greeting(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
person1 = {
"name": "John",
"age": 36,
"country": "Norway"
Example
Import only the person1 dictionary from the module:
from mymodule import person1
print (person1["age"])
Run Example »
Note: When importing using the from keyword, do not use the module name when
referring to elements in the module. Example: person1["age"] , not
mymodule.person1["age"]
Test Yourself With Exercises
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Exercise:
What is the correct syntax to import a module named "mymodule"?
mymodule
Submit Answer »
Start the Exercise
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