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Guidelines for Wadi Tribal Development

This document outlines guidelines for implementing a Tribal Development Fund using the "Wadi" approach developed by BAIF, an NGO in India. The "Wadi" approach focuses on developing small orchards of 1-2 acres for tribal families, combining fruit trees, forest plants, and other crops. It aims to provide livelihood security, income, and fulfill needs for fuel, fodder and timber while reducing pressure on forests. The comprehensive model also includes soil/water conservation, health, micro-enterprises, and women's development. It has benefitted over 150,000 tribal families so far. NABARD has created a Rs. 50 crore Tribal Development Fund to replicate the successful Wadi model
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100% found this document useful (3 votes)
1K views29 pages

Guidelines for Wadi Tribal Development

This document outlines guidelines for implementing a Tribal Development Fund using the "Wadi" approach developed by BAIF, an NGO in India. The "Wadi" approach focuses on developing small orchards of 1-2 acres for tribal families, combining fruit trees, forest plants, and other crops. It aims to provide livelihood security, income, and fulfill needs for fuel, fodder and timber while reducing pressure on forests. The comprehensive model also includes soil/water conservation, health, micro-enterprises, and women's development. It has benefitted over 150,000 tribal families so far. NABARD has created a Rs. 50 crore Tribal Development Fund to replicate the successful Wadi model
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Tribal Development
  • Project Implementation Guidelines
  • Data Sheets and Reports
  • Contact Information

Tribal Development Fund

Guidelines for Implementation

Development Policy Department - Farm Sector


National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
Head Office, Mumbai
1. Tribal Development – Need for Special Focus

1.1 The tribal population of India constitutes around 8% of total population distributed over
94,000 tribal villages. Tribals are mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Madhya
Pradesh, Orissa, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, West Bengal, North-Eastern States
and North-Western Himalayan States (Annexure-I).

1.2 The approach to tribal developments adopted so for may be classified under three heads.
Priority was accorded to protective measures and dimension of exploitation in areas of land
alienation, money lending, collection of forest produce and liqueur vending. Development of
infrastructure has been the major area of investment particularly of the state share of the total
outlays. Beneficiary oriented schemes (minor irrigation) have received little attention.

1.3 The tribals are dependent mainly on agriculture, forests and livestock. But the dwindling
forest resources have jeopardized the agriculture and livestock productivity due to shrinking of
water resources and poor fuel & fodder supply. The small, marginal, fragmented, unirrigated and
mono crop agriculture holdings and low productive livestock population do not offer adequate
opportunities for their livelihood. These factors, therefore, compel them for migration to nearby
towns for subsistence, leaving their productive assets idle.

1.4 Tribals residing in remote areas are still devoid of common infrastructure facilities of
road and communication, health and education and safe drinking water, which do not allow
them to absorb technological and financial facilities provided by government.

2. Genesis of Wadi Approach

2.1 In view of the complexities attached with tribal way of life, due to their historical, socio-
cultural and geographical situations, the generalised approaches of development attempted
earlier have not met with significant success. Nevertheless, efforts made by some government and
NGOs in different parts of the country have made it possible to establish some demonstrative
models. Among them, the “Wadi” approach adopted by an NGO - BAIF Development Research
Foundation (BAIF), Pune has left a visible impact in a short span of time and stands out as a
sustainable model suitable for replication in other tribal areas.

2.2 Dharampur block in Valsad district of Gujarat is inhabited mainly by tribals. The area is
characterized by steep, undulating, inaccessible terrain, heavy rain fall with high run offs. Remote
and scattered habitations provide only harsh living conditions. Only one third of the area is
cultivable with negligible area under irrigation. The harsh livelihood conditions lead to high
morbidity. The vicious cycle of poverty-malnourishment - morbidity - low work capacity -
increased poverty has made the tribals lose confidence in themselves. BAIF, with its local
associate DHRUVA, has demonstrated that these unproductive lands are good enough to lift
tribal families above poverty line.

3. “Wadi” Model of Tribal Development

3.1 In this model, the central focus is on “Wadi”. The other development interventions are
built around “Wadi”.

3.2 “Wadi”' in Gujarati means a 'small orchard' covering one or two acres. The ‘‘Wadi’’ as an
effective tool for tribal development evolved gradually out of two decades of concerted efforts
made by BAIF in Vansda, Gujarat. The “Wadi” may be of mango or cashew or amla or any fruit
crop suitable to the area or a combination of these tree crops, with forestry species on the
periphery of the land holdings. Two or more tree crops are selected in the ‘‘Wadi’’ model to
minimize biological and marketing risks.

3.3 While the fruit plants generate income after 4-5 years, the forestry species provide a fence
and also act as a shelter belt. The species mix planted meets the families’ needs for fuel, fodder
and small timbers. It also helps in reducing the pressure on existing forests.

3.4 An one acre model of “Wadi”' accommodates around 60 fruit plants (depending on
spacing) and 600-800 forestry plants and provides adequate income and livelihood security under
climatic vagaries. In five years, a poor village of 100 families gets converted into an orchard of a
100-150 acre producing hundreds of tonnes of fruits.

3.5 Though the nucleus is ‘‘Wadi’’, community health and sanitation are essential
components of the programme. Special emphasis is given to women in the [Link]
taking care of the land holding tribals through ‘‘Wadi’’ development, the programme has
addressed the problems of landless as well by through creation of employment opportunities in
farm and non-farm sectors in the programme area.

4. Components of Tribal Development through ‘Wadi’ Approach

4.1 The comprehensive tribal development through “wadi” approach involves the following
components / sectors:

a. Orchard development (fruit/ plantation/herbal crops & forest plants) as the core
component

b. Soil conservation in the wadi

c. Water resources management (conservation and use)

d. Sustainable agriculture

e. Human resource development (community development)

f. Women development - A special emphasis is given for involvement of women in all spheres of
the programme. The components include drudgery reduction measures, on-farm and non-
farm income generating activities and self help groups for inculcating thrift and credit habits.

g. Community Health

h. Micro-enterprises for landless people

i. Processing & marketing

j. Other auxillary components to dovetail with above activities.

4.2 Wadi approach aims at the rejuvenation of the environment in an integrated and
comprehensive manner leading to improved quality of life of resource poor tribal families. Thus,
it involves the management of needs of the tribal community in such a way that their demands
match the resources available within their reach, besides regeneration of the environment. The
approach ultimately will lead to increased agricultural production augmenting food supply,
fodder, fuel, timber and medicines. Thus, standard of living improves leading to reduction in
poverty-induced migration.
5. People’s Participation – Crucial for Success

5.1 There is a pervading influence of the environment on the tribal community living within
that region, as they depend on it for food, water etc. When the economic condition of a
community deteriorates, it leads to over-exploitation resulting in degradation of natural
resources. It is necessary for people to understand the relationship between their poverty and
the degraded environment in which they live in. They must also be provided with an equally
good, if not better, economic alternative. Only then they will willingly let go their claims on the
environment in favour of possible benefits that will accumulate in the long run from
environmental regeneration through appropriate management.

5.2 Environmental regeneration is therefore possible only when the local community feels
the need for it and they are fully in control of all aspects of resource mobilization, management
and conservation. There can be no sustainable natural resources management unless it involves
the participation of all inhabitants of the concerned environment/area in an active manner.

6. Need for Special Fund for Tribal Development

6.1 The comprehensive tribal development programme ("Wadi" model) discussed above
encompasses natural resource management in rain fed tribal areas, micro-finance initiatives and
women's empowerment through people’s participation. It has so far covered two states viz.,
Gujarat and Maharashtra with grant support from KfW, Germany benefiting around 0.15 million
tribal participants, thus supporting only miniscule part of tribal population of around 80 million.
Creation of such ‘wadi’ models in other parts of the country will act as development catalysts
helping to transform the tribal life on a large scale.
6.2 Thus, there is a need to replicate the model in tribal dominated areas facing similar
problems. With this approach, however, it would take many decades to cover the other deserving
tribal population requiring huge financial resources. In order to make these poor tribal families
also realize the benefits, it is essential to replicate the model in a phased manner in the tribal
dominated states. Since, the externally aided projects are not enough to make an effective
beginning in different parts of the country in a significant way, NABARD has taken the initiative
of creating a special Tribal Development Fund (TDF) with a contribution of Rs. 50 crore out of
its profits for the year 2003-04.

7. Objectives of TDF

7.1 The objective of the Fund is to spread the message of “Wadi” model of tribal
development. The Fund will be utilized to create the necessary framework conditions to replicate
and consolidate the successful initiatives under the “Wadi” programme in the government, semi-
government and non-government sectors.

8. Utilisation of TDF

8.1 Purpose

a. To promote sustainable participatory livelihood programmes ("Wadi" model), which


inter alia, aim at economic upliftment through sustainable agriculture, social
empowerment, improvement in quality of life including health and women development,
in tribal predominant areas of the country through demonstration projects supported
through Non Government Organisations (NGOs)/ Community Based Organisations
(CBOs) / GOs.

b. To take up promotional efforts such as capacity building, exposure visits, training,


developing literature, sensitization programmes etc. on "Wadi" programmes for the
benefit of communities, NGOs, SHGs, Panchayats, Bankers and Government
Departments.

c. To implement sustainable livelihood ("Wadi" model) programmes and similar other


relevant initiatives through the state governments.

d. To support promotional activities for micro-credit, promotion of SHGs, Income


Generating Activities for land-less, SC / ST communities and other weaker sections of the
community and other related activities in conjunction with the "Wadi" development
programme.

e. To support activities related to development of tribal market and marketing of products


manufactured by tribal families/ communities.

f. To support other relevant activities as approved by NABARD.

8.2 Nature of Support

(a) The TDF will be operated flexibly and funding will be done on grant/ loan basis or blend
of both as found appropriate.

(b) To inculcate good credit habits among the participants, a part of the Project Support
(minimum 10%) may be provided as loan to Project Implementing Agency (PIA) for on lending.
The loan period and interest rate for on lending to the project participants would be decided at
the time of sanction of the project.

(c) The state government willing to participate in the programme following strategy could be
adopted:

i. Government may contribute a minimum of 50% of the project cost to the TDF.
ii. Government contribution could be provided as a loan out of the Fund towards State
Government’s contribution to be repayable over a period of nine years with interest rate
to be decided from time to time.

In all cases, NABARD will be the project holder.

9. Criteria for Selection

9.1 Selection of Area

9.1.1 States having predominant tribal population will be considered for extending the support
out of this fund. Preference could be given to the districts/ blocks/ villages where percentage of
tribal population is more than 50%. To begin with, the districts that account for 50% of tribal
population in the country as identified by Planning Commission (Annexure - II) will be
prioritized. The selected area should be large enough so that a viable cluster, with atleast 1,000
tribal families, could be covered for benefit under the project for effective management. However,
10% of these participants could be landless.

9.1.2 The physical, ecological and socioeconomic characteristics of the area vis-à-vis their
suitability for wadi programme will be taken into account while selecting the area. Those villages
with a known history of coming together for common causes and villages that have shown
concern for resource conservation will be given priority. The replication of the wadi programme
model however, could be modified if warranted keeping in view the local situations.
9.2 Selection of Participants

9.2.1 Small and marginal farmers of ST communities owning not more than 5 acre would be
eligible to participate in the programme. The support from the Fund will be to the extent of
development of maximum one acre per family or equivalent cost. The participating families
should be agreeable to work together with other families in groups and also provide family
labour required for completion of core activity. Further, they should be agreeable adopt the
project discipline.

9.2.2 The tribal participants should commit themselves to make periodic, regular contributions
to create a common village fund and to constitute, at the village level, a representative body for
managing the programme and maintaining all the valuable assets created and generated by the
project.

9.3 Selection of Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs)

9.3.1 The projects under TDF will be implemented through Community Based Organisations
(CBOs) i.e. Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs), Voluntary Agencies (VAs), Trusts,
Societies, etc. Broad basis for selection of PIAs for implementation of the project are:

a. PIA should have been registered and have been active in the area for a significant period
(atleast 3 years) before proposing a wadi project for the area/ vicinity.
b. Reputation and financial management capacity. It should have audited balance sheet for
the last 3 years.
c. Quality of governance of PIA.
d. It should not have been black listed by any other organization and funding agencies.
e. Method of operation and rapport with people and local government agencies.
f. Nature of projects handled in the past – PIA should have experience in implementation of
Natural Resources Management (NRM) projects.
g. Technical and managerial capability.
h. Sensitivity towards group action /conflict resolution and equity for poor and women.
i. Ability to motivate the community in the village where they propose to work.
j. It should be apolitical. Executive members of the PIA should not be sitting MLA/ MP.

On the basis of their application, information supplied, work done and site visits, NABARD will
identify the PIAs suitable for participation in the TDF assisted projects.

10. Project - Pre-requisites for Success

a. Clarity about the project: The project will include any income generating activity such as
horticulture/ agriculture/ forestry, dairy, micro enterprises etc. Social engineering
aspects such as women empowerment, health development etc. have an equal bearing on
the over all success of the programme.

b. Owning the project by the participants: The project participants should wholeheartedly
own the project and contribute for the successful implementation and maintenance
thereafter.

c. Family labour: Each participating family is required to contribute entire labour


component.

d. Trained manpower: It may be ensured that enough trained manpower is available and if
necessary suitable orientation programme could be organized to develop such skills.
e. Active involvement of women: Women participation should be ensured in all the
process of project implementation, as bulk of the farm related work are carried out by
them, besides playing the role of transmitters of culture and values to the children.

f. Seasonality: The project activities should be undertaken keeping in view the appropriate
season.

11. Implementation Stages

11.1 The project will be implemented with cluster approach, with each cluster having around
1,000 tribal families spread over a number of contiguous villages. It should be endevoured that all
eligible families in the given village are brought under the project.

11.2 NABARD will identify the PIA based on the criteria laid down in the guidelines (Item
No. 9.3). The identified PIA shall provide information in the PIA Data Sheet (Annexure – III) for
selection/ ratification by the Project Sanctioning and Steering Committee (PSC) set up at
NABARD. PIA has to identify the cluster/ village/s for implementing the programme. The
identified area should be suitable for the programme and fulfill the criteria laid down in the
guidelines. PIA has to submit information in the Project Area Data Sheet (Annexure - IV) for
selection / ratification by the PSC.

11.3 Main Steps in Implementation

a. In the event of proposal received from the state government, PIA should be identified in
consultation with NABARD.
b. All the proposals received will be informed to the state level Review and Monitoring
Committee.
c. After the selected area fulfills the criteria and the tribal families are interested and willing
to implement the project accepting the discipline, the PIA and the participants will be
permitted to implement the programme.
d. PIA shall prepare the Project Feasibility Report (PFR) and submit to NABARD for
approval and sanction. The terms and conditions for preparation of PFR are given in
Annexure – V. The duration of the project will vary from activity to activity.
e. PIA motivates the villagers through a series of meetings and discussions. During these
discussions, the reasons for environmental degradation and various problems affecting
the people like shortage of water, fuel and fodder, decreasing agricultural production and
migration can be discussed. It should emerge during these discussions that the project
activity will help them in addressing the problems.
f. Followed by these discussions, PIA may arrange for exposure visit of selected tribal
families to similar projects.
g. A Letter of Consent, which contains the conditions and procedures for the
implementation of the programme, roles and responsibilities of the participants, has to be
executed and signed by both husband and wife of every participant family (Annexure-
VI).
h. After the signing of Letter of Consent by the participants, groups of 10 participants each
may be formed keeping in view location of their land such that participants having land
in proximity would come under the same group.
i. The individual project shall be developed by the participants under the guidance of PIA.
j. Other components of the programme viz., water resources development, women
development (SHGs, IGAs, drudgery reduction etc.), community health programme
(chlorination, primary health care, referral services etc.) will commence concurrently with
the core activity.
k. Sanctioned projects will be monitored and supervised by NABARD at half yearly
interval.
12. Programme Period

12.1 The project with “wadi” approach is not an area based development effort, but relies on
the voluntary participation of thousands of individual families calling for implementation in
phases. The implementation of core activity shall be confined to maximum of three batches and
each batch will be supported for a maximum period of six years. The total programme period
shall not exceed nine years. During this period, the tribal participants (around 1,000 families per
cluster) belonging to low income groups would be in a position to reap substantial benefits on a
sustainable basis, which would ultimately enable them to lead a normal life in their village
without the need to migrate to urban areas in search of employment.

13. Organizational Requirements

The following institutions/ organizations would be involved in the execution of the programme
under TDF. However, the institutions/ organizations would evolve as the programme progresses
and the need of such institutions arise in programme implementation.

13.1 Project Level

(i) Participant Groups (PGs)

The core activity will be a family based programme and will be undertaken by the individual
tribal family. For better planning, execution and management, the individual project participant
will come together as small groups of about 10 members each.

(ii) Village Planning Committee (VPC)

These participant groups in turn will form village level organization, Village Planning Committee
(VPC), for better coordination with the help / facilitation by the PIA. The VPC will form once the
stable operations of the PGs are reached and when felt necessary for coordinated actions at the
village level. The VPC consists of persons nominated by a consensus by the programme
participants. For every 10 participants (one PG), one member will be nominated for the VPC. It
should have due representation of women (minimum 30%). This body actually “owns” the
project and is responsible for the planning, implementation, monitoring and maintenance of the
project.

(iii) Cooperatives

The village level organizations will federate and form a cooperative at the cluster level. This
cooperative will take shape once the base level institutions have fully stabilized and become
functional. Each cooperative will have two representatives (one man & one woman) from each
VPC. The cooperative will be instrumental in providing technical assistance to the project after
the project period, inputs procurement, marketing of produce and necessary guidance to VPC for
effective management of the programme.

(iv) Project Implementing Agency (PIA)

The Project Implementing Agencies under TDF will be Non Governmental Organisations
(NGOs). The PIA is responsible for motivating and involving the tribal community in planning
and implementing the programme. The PIA is responsible for preparation of project report and
project implementation, to receive funds and keep account for the same (Annexure – VII). The
PIA is also expected to link with the government departments/ extension agencies/ support
institutions in order to avail available facilities and resources. In the later years, PIA’s major
responsibility is to develop cooperative which will take the role of PIA once it withdraws on
completion of the programme.

13.2 State Level

(i) NABARD Regional Offices

The concerned Regional Office of NABARD will maintain a communication channel with
different agencies and attend to problems faced by the participating PIAs and VPCs. On specific
request from the NGO-VPCs, NABARD Regional Office would be rendering help for project
specific problems as well. NABARD will help PIAs and village communities in improving their
skills for project implementation. Regional Offices of NABARD are responsible for monitoring,
overseeing and administering the individual projects at the ground level.

(ii) Review & Monitoring Committee (RMC)

A Review & Monitoring Committee (RMC) at state level will be constituted to guide the
programme. Constitution of RMC is as under:

a) Chief General Manager Chairman cum Convener


NABARD Regional Office
b) Tribal Commissioner/ Secretary – Tribal Member
Development/ Representative, State Govt.
c) Representatives of NGOs One Member
d) Experts on Tribal Affairs One Member
e) Convener of State Level Bankers’ Committee One Member
f) Controlling Office of Service Area Branch
of the Bank where Programme
is under implementation
g) Representatives from Horticulture/ One Member
Agriculture/ Forest Department
h) DDM of the Programme District Member

Terms of Reference of RMC

a. RMC would monitor the progress of implementation of projects under TDF.

b. RMC would discuss the field level operational problems and try to evolve strategies to
overcome these problems.

Periodicity of Meeting: RMC would meet once in every six months.

13.3 National Level - Project Sanctioning & Steering Committee (PSC)

NABARD Head Office administers Tribal Development Fund. The Project sanctioning & Steering
Committee (PSC) directs the TDF. The Constitution & Terms of Reference of PSC are given below:

(i) Constitution of PSC

a) Executive Director, NABARD Chairman


b) Secretary/ Representative, Ministry of Member
Tribal Affairs, GoI
c) Commissioner, Tribal Development, Member
State Government (on rotation for two years)
d) Representative, BAIF Development Member
Research Foundation, Pune
e) Representative of Reputed NGOs One Member
(on rotation for two years)
f) Chief General Manager, DPD-FS, NABARD Member Secretary
g) Special Invitee, if any, at the direction of the Chairman as and when necessary.

(ii) Terms of Reference of PSC

PSC will function with head quarter at NABARD, Mumbai and meet as and when necessary (at
least twice in a year) for discharging its functions as per the terms of reference indicated below:

a. To provide policy framework for operationlisation of TDF.


b. To sanction projects under TDF.
c. To periodically review the progress of TDF.
d. To consider and decide any other issue / proposal related to administration of TDF.

Broad organizational setup for administering the Fund and implementing the projects under TDF
is given as under:
Organisational Setup for TDF

NABARD Head Office


through PSC

NABARD Regional
Offices through RMC

NGO as Project
Implementing Agency

Cooperative
Federation of 8-10 VPCs

Village Planning Village Planning Village Planning


Committee (VPC) Committee (VPC) Committee (VPC)

PG PG PG PG PG PG

Individual Project Participants

PSC: Project Sanctioning & Steering Committee;


RMC: Review & Monitoring Committee; PG: Participant Group:

14. Funds

14.1 Funds for the Projects

The projects are funded from the Tribal Development Fund (TDF) of NABARD.

14.2 Augmentation of the Fund

For the replication of the successful programme in different locations so as to reach significant
part of tribal communities, augmentation of the corpus created in NABARD is essential. The
central & state governments, banks and other contributors could make contributions to the corpus
for administration and implementation of projects.

14.3 Purposes for which Support from Fund is Available

Funds are available for the following purposes:

a. Programme components as indicated under item 8.1.


b. Management costs of the PIA.
c. Promotion and training costs which will include awareness campaigns in villages,
specific training of PIA personnel and participants, exposure visits to other projects and
research stations.
d. Organising techno-managerial backup to the project/ PIA through inputs from
appropriate resource institutions.
e. Cost of preparation of Detailed Project Report including necessary investigations, cost of
hiring technical experts or agencies wherever applicable subject to a ceiling of Rs. 50,000
per project.
f. Capital items – Need based assistance would be provided for two wheelers, computer
with accessories etc.

14.4 Funds Flow

Once the Project Report is approved and sanctioned by NABARD/ PSC, funds for the first six
months as advance shall be released by NABARD to the PIA, which includes both cost of project
measures and management cost of PIA. The funds are replenished when atleast 60% of the
released amount is utilized and when the stipulated project measures as approved in the Project
Report are being implemented properly as reviewed in the monitoring study.

14.5 Project Costing and Scale of Financial Requirement

The individual project costs may cover cost of various project measures and cost of management
of PIA (not exceeding 20% of overall project cost). The project will be implemented as per
technical requirements. Management and training overheards and all promotional costs will have
to be worked out separately. A minimum complement of staff will have to be hired by the PIA
involved in project implementation. The guiding principle is that average overall cost per family
should be around Rs. 30,000 spread over six years. This includes all costs i.e. cost of project
components and management cost.

15. Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism

NABARD, Regional Office will be responsible for monitoring of the projects. The desk monitoring
based on the prescribed reporting formats, will be every quarter. The field level monitoring will
be conducted every half year, before making fresh releases.

***
Annexure – III

Tribal Development Fund - PIA Data Sheet

Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs)/ Community Based Organisations (CBOs) desirous of


participating in the Tribal Development Fund Programme are requested to furnish the following
information about their organisations :

1. Name of PIA:

2. Legal Status:
a. Whether Trust or Society:
b. Trust Registration Number:
c. Society Registration Number:
d. Date of Registration of Trust __________, Place _________

Note: Please enclose copy of Registration Certificates and copy of Memorandum of Association /
Trust Deed and Rules and Regulations.

3. [Link] Number: _____________

Note: Please enclose xerox copy of certificate.

4. i. Registered Address of Head Office:

Area of Operation:

ii. Address of Sub-Branches/Centres:

Area of Operation:

5. Other Details:

i. Name and designation of the Chief Functionary or contact person:


ii. Address for regular correspondence:
iii. Telephone number (Office and Residence):
iv. Fax number:
v. Email address:

6. Members of Governing Board of Organisation/Trust/Society:


Please enclose list of office bearers in the following format.

[Link]. Name Designation Age Occupation Since when


associated with
Organisation
1 2 3 4 5 6
7. Organisation Structure:

Please indicate the departments, their responsibilities and the authority


structure/hierarchy (line of command).

8. Man Power:

Please enclose information in the following format

(a) Honorary workers


Sr. Name Designation Age Occupation Qualification Since when
No associated
. with
Organisation
Educational Experience
(yrs.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(b) Paid workers

Sr. Name Designation Age Qualification Since when associated


No. with Organisation
Educational Experience (yrs.)
1 2 3 4 5 6

9. Equipment and infrastructure:

Please enclose information in the following format

(i) Fixed assets (capital)

[Link]. Type Number When purchased


1 2 3 4

(ii) Equipment

[Link]. Name of Equipment When purchased


1 2 3

10. Funding sources:

Please state names and address of funding agencies.

11. Projects handled in past/on-going:

Please enclose information in the following format.


Sr. Name No. of Amount Year of start Year of Funding sources
No. of beneficiaries involved of Completion
Project implementation if applicable
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

12. Largest project handled:

Comment briefly on the largest project (financially or man power-wise) handled so far, indicating
specifically difficulties experienced in the project and any other salient experiences.

13. Relationship with Government Departments:

i. Please indicate if you have implemented any Government programmes in the past. If
yes, please indicate description of the project and amount involved.

ii. Please describe what Government programmes/schemes are being implemented


presently by you. Please state amount involved.
14. Tribal Development related projects handled:

Please provide the relevant information with all details.

15. Details of Natural Resources Management projects implemented:

Experience of the PIA in the following fields: Indicate the projects/ activities implemented with
all details.

i. Horticulture
ii. Afforestation
iii. Soil conservation
iv. Water resources development
v. Watershed development
vi. Community health
vii. Women development activities
viii. Agricultural development
ix. Non farm sector activities
x. Any other tribal development projects implemented.

16. Developmental Approach

i. Which area/disciplines you prefer to work in?


ii. How do you choose a village to work in?
iii. How do you approach the village?
iv. What programs do you introduce initially?

17. Please enclose copies of the following:

1. Audited financial statement for the past 3 years.


2. Annual reports, if available.
3. Evaluation reports, if available.
4. Any other literature, if available.

Place: Signature
Date:

Name and Designation:

Name of the Organisation:


Annexure - IV

Tribal Development Fund - Project Area Data Sheet

1. Location of the proposed project:

Name(s) of village (s), Taluka and District

2. Features of the project area:

Nearness to the town, road connection, village market, school, primary health center,
bank, cooperative society etc.

3. Month and year since PIA has been active in the proposed project area.

4. Did the PIA participate in implementing any Government programmes or privately


funded schemes in the proposed area?

If yes, give brief description in the following format:

Sr. Name/Type Number of Date of Date of Departments Financial Funding


No. of Scheme Beneficiaries Commencement Completion involved Outlay Source
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5. Proportion of tribal population in the project area and their break up.

6. What is literacy rate in the project area?

7. Land holding pattern of the tribal families in the project area:

• Total number of tribal families:


• Tribal families having area less than 5 acre:
• Landless tribal families:

8. Average rainfall received in the area:

9. Irrigation sources available in the programme area:

Crops Area
Perennially irrigated:
Seasonally irrigated:

10. Existing cropping pattern:


• Horticulture crops:
• Field crops:
11. Other prominent allied activities in the village:

• Dairy: Breed, No. of animals, Milk production, Milk route etc.


• Poultry: Breed, Market
• RNFS activities: Activity and backward & forward linkages for the activity

12. a) What alternative employment opportunities, other than agriculture tribal crafts etc. are
available in or near the proposed project site?
b) How far are such opportunities from the proposed project area?

c) Migration status from the village: Men/ women migrating, No. of days of migration,
nature of work, income from migration etc.

13. Have the tribal participants any experience in cultivation of horticulture/ tree crops
under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) or any other programme?

14. Give a brief description of the community organisations existing in the village.

15. Please indicate any community activities completed by the villagers.

16. Please indicate instances of previous work on any land based activities such as soil and
water conservation, afforestation etc. done by the villagers.

17. Is the village included or proposed to be included in any Tribal Sub Plan activity? If yes,
what work has been carried out so far under the specific scheme/project?

18. What is the Service Area Bank and how far is the nearest bank from the village? (Please
give name and address of Bank).

Note : Please enclose a map of the programme area.

Place __________ Signature

(Name and designation)

(Name of the organisation)


Date __________
Annexure - V

Tribal Development Fund – Preparation Project Feasibility Report

Terms and Conditions

1. Selection of Project Area

The criteria for selection of project area are presented at Item No. 9.1.

2. Project Preparation and Related Financing

2.1 The project report will be prepared in accordance with the terms of reference laid down
by NABARD for the purpose.

2.2 NABARD shall sanction the grant for project feasibility report preparation to PIAs.
NABARD will also pay fifty percent of the sanctioned amount as an advance on NGO acceptance
of the terms and conditions and the rest of funds in suitable installments in accordance with the
progress of project preparation work. Before drawal of each grant installment, the PIA shall
certify that expenditure incurred / to be incurred for preparation of feasibility report will not be
got reimbursed from any other source. However, the final settlement for all claims will be on the
basis of actuals, bearing a reasonable relationship with norms and standards for all costs
prevailing in the project area, and not in terms of lumpsum amount.

2.3 NABARD reserves the right to retain 10% of the sanctioned amount till a satisfactory
project feasibility study report is submitted by PIA. In the normal course, PIA will submit two
draft copies of the project report to NABARD within three months of the first receipt of the grant.
NABARD shall communicate to PIA, comments thereon, if any, within one month. Thereafter,
PIA will submit three copies of the suitably modified final report within one month.

2.4 PIA shall maintain notes on its experience in preparing the project feasibility report and
periodically submit a copy of the same to NABARD. A work plan for preparation of the project
report along with funds required month-wise shall be submitted by PIA before commencement of
the work. The release of advance from the sanctioned amount will depend on satisfactory
progress of work according to the work plan.

3. Documentation and Monitoring

3.1 A separate account for receiving and utilising the grant for project preparation with
adequate documentary evidence by way of bills, receipts, vouchers, etc., will be maintained by
PIA. NABARD shall have access to inspect the accounts and documents maintained for the
purpose by deputing its officers or by calling for the documents in the original or as copies.

3.2 NABARD will have the right to monitor the progress in project preparation work by
deputing its officers to the project site.

4. Liability

4.1 In the event of any misutilisation of funds or utilisation of funds for the purposes not
specified under any letter of sanction issued by NABARD or any agreements entered into by
NABARD with the PIA, NABARD reserves the right to suspend disbursements of grants for
project preparation and/or project implementation and demand refund of amount so misutilised
/ utilised for purposes not specified from the PIA.

5. No Obligation for Project Financing


5.1 The sanctioning of a grant to PIA for project preparation does not automatically confer on
PIA a right to subsequent financing by NABARD for the investments proposed under the project.

5.2 A decision for financing the investments proposed under the project will be taken on
merits of the case. The project feasibility study report submitted by the PIA will be scrutinized
and sanctioned, if found suitable, by NABARD. The sanction will be subject to the general
conditions laid down under the terms of reference mentioned in Annexure-V and any other
conditions laid down at the time of sanctioning the project.

6. Participation by the Community

6.1 The project feasibility study report and planning for the development will be done with
the full involvement and participation of the tribal community.

***
Annexure – VI

Tribal Development Fund -


Letter of Consent of the Participant Family

[Link]. ____________
Date:
We

1) Mr. Village: Hamlet:


2) Mrs. Taluka: District:

the residents of the above mentioned village and we are willing to sign this letter of consent for
the participation in the programme assisted under Tribal Development Fund (TDF) of NABARD.

We shall implement the programme on our own land. We are attaching the seven twelve and
eight A extracts of our land herewith.

Details of land:

Total own land of family _____.Acre __________________Guntha


I/We own land _____ Acre __________________ Guntha and are willing to undertake the
proposed activity on ______ Acre _________Guntha.

Presently this land, as per Seven Twelve Extracts & Eight A, is in name of:
1. Mr.
2. Mr.
3. Mr. .

Mr./Mrs. ( Participant’s name ) is my . As per the law his/ her share of the
land is _____ acre_______guntha. I give my consent to him / her for undertaking land-based
activity on this land under TDF.

We, as participant/s of the programme agree to observe the following rules and conditions for
successful implementation of the Programme in our village:

1. We are participating in the programme on our own ‘Will’.


2. We will complete all the work related with the activity according to the guidance of the
Programme Implementing Agency (PIA).
3. We will follow all the guidelines given by the PIA.
4. We and our family will complete all the work related with core activity of the programme
ourselves. We will not hire any outside labour for the core activity.
5. We will participate in all the activities being implemented under TDF in the programme.
6. We will not sell our land on which we have taken the land-based activity (Horticulture/
Forestry/Sericulture) for a period of atleast 20 years. We will not cut any tree from the
wadi developed under the programme.
7. We are ready to become member in SHGs & Village Planning Committee (VPC) with
other participants.
8. We will willingly participate in all types of meetings held in the village and contribute to
the discussions.
9. We will keep away from all types of disputes, at personal or community level, based on
caste, religion, class, politics or difference of opinion, which may affect the Programme. If
any such dispute occurs in the village, we will provide help in settling it at the village
level itself through democratic processes.
10. We are agreeable to repay the loan amount taken from SHGs & Village Planning
Committee.
11. We will be responsible for the tools/ equipments provided by the programme. We will
keep these equipments/ tools till the end of the programme
12. We and our family members will not indulge in any vises (alcoholism, gambling etc).
13. We shall be in agreement with all decisions taken by the VPC/PIA for the successful
implementation of the programme.
14. We are ready to sell our production from the land through Village Planning Committee.

We are in full agreement with the above rules and conditions. We understand that these are
binding on us and our family members. If any of these rules are violated by us or our family
members, we would be fully responsible and any decision taken on this violation by the VPC/
PIA would be acceptable to us.

We are signing this agreement letter, based on full understanding and on our own choice, on
(day) __________, date / /20 , in the presence of witnesses.

Place: (Signature of wife & husband)


Date:

Name of Witnesses Signature

1. 1.

2. 2.
Annexure – VII

Tribal Development Fund – Release of Grants to PIAs


for Implementation of Sanctioned Project - Terms & Conditions

1. Involvement of the Community

1.1 PIA shall ensure that the participating tribal families are willing in principle to participate
effectively in the project and also providing entire family labor required to complete the core
activity.

1.2 PIA shall ensure that the tribal families shall agree to work in groups for timely
completion of works.

1.3 PIA shall ensure that the tribal families are willing to contribute a fixed amount on a
regular basis for creation of a corpus in the village.

2. Work Execution

2.1 PIA shall get the letter of consent from the participant tribal families before the
implementation of the project.

2.2 PIA shall open an exclusive project account in a designated bank for receiving funds
under the project and execute the project through active participation by the community and in
cooperation the concerned departments or agencies of the central and state government and the
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).

2.3 The work shall be executed in accordance with the project feasibility report approved and
any other conditions stipulated by NABARD at the time of sanction of the project.

2.4 The PIA shall be solely responsible for satisfactory work execution.

2.5 The PIA shall maintain competent technical staff as stipulated in the terms of reference as
well as the agreements of sanction and the said staff will be resident near the project location.

2.6 The PIA shall review the progress of work at least once every month in a formal meeting
convened for that purpose.

2.7 The PIA should ensure that there is a strong emphasis on use of local, low cost resources.
All activities should be carried out in a technically sound and simple manner, which can be
understood by the participants so that they can replicate such measures by themselves.
2.8 To inculcate good credit habits among the participants, a part of the Project Support
(minimum 10%) may be provided as loan to Project Implementing Agency (PIA) for on lending.
The PIA shall be responsible to design and implement a credit programme in the programme
villages as the programme progresses. The loan period and interest rate for on lending to the
project participants decided at the time of sanction of the project would be the guiding factors for
designing the credit programme at the participants level.

3. Financing Arrangements

3.1 Once the Project Report is approved and sanctioned by NABARD/ PSC, funds for the
first six months as advance shall be released by NABARD as per the work plan submitted by PIA,
which indicate both physical and financial coverage of the project. The disbursement includes
both cost of project measures and management cost of PIA. An exclusive project account may be
opened by the PIA in the designated bank.
3.2 Release of funds towards project management will be proportional to the quantum of
work done under project measures.

3.3 The funds are replenished when atleast 60% of the released amount is utilized and when
the stipulated project measures as approved in the Project Report are being implemented
properly as reviewed in the monitoring study.

3.4 Application for release of replenishment requests shall be accompanied by a certificate


from the PIA that the work for the preceding period has been executed to the extent of 60% of the
physical and financial programme indicated in the sanctioned project document for which the
previous installment was drawn and the work has been executed according to the technical
specification prescribed for each item. Proper records and books of accounts have been
maintained for the work that has been executed.

3.5 NABARD shall have the right to inspect at the site the progress of the work and the
release of subsequent installments will be contingent upon NABARD satisfying itself regarding
the progress.

3.6 The amount released as advance for project implementation, if not utilised for the
purpose during the period for which it was released, shall be repaid to NABARD by the PIA.

4. Work Inspection and Certification

4.1 The PIA shall maintain on its record a monthly work completion report. The PIA should
certify at the completion of a particular unit of work that the work has been carried out according
to the technical norms prescribed in the terms of reference and the project sanctioning documents.
If there are any deviations from the norms this should be clearly indicated and reasons cited
therefor.

4.2 The completed work and the records maintained by the PIA and peoples’ organisations
will be open to inspection and audit by NABARD's staff or representatives appointed by
NABARD for this purpose or by calling for the documents in the original or as copies.

4.3 Inspection and audit reports by NABARD or its representatives shall be made available
to the PIA after the completion of such inspection/audits.

5. Maintenance of Records

5.1 The PIA shall be responsible for maintenance of all records relating to the projects
supported out of Tribal Development Fund. The records to be maintained shall include among
others:

i. Participants register
ii. Appropriate journals and ledgers with double entry system of accounting
iii. Cash book for daily cash transactions
iv. Appropriate bills and vouchers
v. Dead stock register
vi. Stock issue / Stock consumption register
vii. Activity completion register
viii. Payment register
ix. Loan disbursement and repayment register
x. Proceedings of the VPC meetings (with individual VPC)
xi. Programme area map that show individual project sites, water resources and other
relevant information
xii. Staff movement register
5.2 NABARD, in consultation with the PIAs and other experts, may prescribe from time to
time the format in which the records are to be maintained and the reports to be submitted for
monitoring project implementation.

5.3 The PIA is also required to collect, maintain and furnish specific information for the
purpose of monitoring the impact of various project measures on the cropping pattern, migration,
survival of sapling planted etc. in the project to NABARD from time to time.

6. Maintenance of Works/ Treatments

6.1 The responsibility for maintaining the treatments and other works taken under the
project from the beginning of the project as well as after the completion of the project shall rest
with the Village Planning Committee.

6.2 The PIA is to ensure that VPC shall a Village Fund through contribution by tribal
participants, which can be used for community property management and any other activity with
the approval of the participants. The quantum of contribution and periodicity shall be decided by
the VPC themselves.

7. Liability

7.1 In the event of any misutilisation of funds or utilisation of funds for the purposes not
specified under any letter of sanction issued by NABARD or any agreements entered into by
NABARD with the PIA, NABARD reserves the right to suspend disbursements of grants for
project implementation and demand refund of amount so misutilised/ utilised for purposes not
specified from the PIA.

***
Contact Addresses

1. Ahmedabad
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
NABARD Tower
Opp. Municipal Garden
Usmanpura, [Link].8
Ahmedabad 380 013.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (079)7551584
Phone : (079)7551959
[Link] : nabard@[Link]

2. Bangalore :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Jeevan Prakash Annexe Building
113/1 [Link], [Link].29
Bangalore 560 002.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (080)2222148
Phone : (080)2223125
[Link] : nabbng@[Link]

3. Bhopal :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
E/5 Arera Colony, Bittan Market
Ravi Shankar Nagar Post Office
[Link].13
Bhopal 462 016.
Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0755)566188
Phone : (0755)569775
[Link] : nabbpl@[Link]
4. Bhubaneshwar :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Ankur, 2/1 Nayapalli, Civic Centre
[Link].179
Bhuaneswar 751 015.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0674)552019
Phone : (0674)553884
[Link] : nabbhu@[Link]

5. Calcutta :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Abhilasha, 2nd Floor
6, Royd Street
[Link].9083
Calcutta 700 016..

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (033)2454507
Phone : (033)2267943
[Link] : nabcal@[Link]

6. Chandigarh :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Plot No.3, Sector 34-A
[Link].7
Chandigarh 160 022..

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0172)665863
Phone : (0172)604608
[Link] : nabardchd@[Link]
7. Chennai :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
105/106 Mahatma Gandhi Road
[Link].6074
Chennai 600 034.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (044)8275732
Phone : (044)8276088
[Link] : nabchn@[Link]

8. Hyderabad :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Yedugiri Chambers, 1-1-61 RTC Cross Road
[Link].1863, Mushirabad
Hyderabad 500 020.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (040)7611829
Phone : (040)7612640
[Link] : nab-hyd@[Link]

9. Jaipur :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
3, Nehru Place, Tonk Road
[Link].104
Jaipur 302 015

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0141) 724073
Phone : (0141) 740821
[Link] : nabjpr@[Link]

10. Jammu :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
F1794, Shastri Nagar Extension
[Link].2
Jammu 180 004.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0191)431696
Phone : (0191)432526
[Link] : nab-jam@[Link]
11. Lucknow :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Commerce House, Habibullah Estate
11 [Link], [Link]. 364
Hazaratganj
Lucknow 226 001.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0522)281599
Phone : (0522)223644
[Link] : nablkn@[Link]

12. Patna :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Maurya Lok Complex, 'B' Block
4th & 5th Floor, Dak Bunglow Road
[Link].178
Patna 800 001.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0612)238424
Phone : (0612)223985
[Link] : nabpat@[Link]

13. Pune :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
54, Wellesley Road, Shivaji Nagar
[Link].5
Pune 411 005..

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (020)5813250
Phone : (020)5816439
[Link] : nabpun@[Link]

14. Shimla :
Chief General Manager
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Regional Office
Block 32, [Link], Kusumpti
Shimla 171 009.

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (0177) 222271
Phone : (0177) 222258
[Link] : nabsim16@[Link]

15. Mumbai
Chief General Manager
Development Policy Department-Farm Sector
National Bank for Agriculture
and Rural Development
Head Office
Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (East)
Mumbai 400051

Telegram : AGREFINANS
FAX : (022) 2652 3895
Phone : (022) 2653 9648
[Link] : nabfs@[Link]

***

Common questions

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PIAs are responsible for maintaining comprehensive records including participant registers, financial ledgers, cash books, stock registers, activity completion records, payment registers, loan records, meeting proceedings, and project site maps. They must adhere to double-entry accounting and provide NABARD with specified formats and reports for monitoring. These records ensure transparency, facilitate audits, and support informed decision-making and project management .

NABARD ensures accountability and proper fund utilization by releasing funds based on detailed and approved project work plans, assessing the work carried out through quarterly inspections and audits. Funds for project management are only released if at least 60% of allocated funds have been utilized effectively in line with the approved Project Report. Additionally, NABARD reserves the right to inspect project sites directly and demands repayment of funds if misutilized or unutilized as intended. Work completion reports, including technical and financial audit trails, further ensure transparency and accountability .

The Village Planning Committee (VPC) is responsible for maintaining project works and outcomes from the project's inception through completion. The VPC ensures that maintenance is a community responsibility and manages a Village Fund, derived from tribal participants' contributions. This fund supports ongoing community property management and other activities, reinforcing sustainability and ongoing development beyond the project's lifecycle .

Community participation in the wadi programme is structured around the involvement of small and marginal farmers, particularly from Scheduled Tribe communities. Participating families must agree to work collaboratively, contribute family labor, and adhere to project discipline. They are also required to make regular contributions to a common village fund and establish a village-level representative body for managing the programme. This structure ensures the community's ownership and responsibility towards the project's success, fostering a sense of investment and long-term commitment, crucial for resource conservation and effective implementation .

The training and skill development component requires ensuring the availability of trained manpower and organizing suitable orientation programs to develop necessary skills when they are found lacking. This component is essential for equipping participants with technical knowledge and practical skills, enabling them to effectively implement project activities. It also empowers participants by enhancing their capabilities, potentially leading to increased productivity and self-reliance, which are essential for the project's success. The focus on skills ensures that projects are carried out effectively and sustainably, with participants fully engaged in their roles .

The sequence starts with PIA identification in consultation with NABARD upon receipt of a proposal from the state government. All received proposals are reviewed by the state-level Review and Monitoring Committee. Next, the PIA and participants implement the project once criteria are met and interest is confirmed. PIAs then prepare the Project Feasibility Report (PFR) for approval, followed by motivational meetings with the community and exposure visits. Finally, participants sign a Letter of Consent to solidify the implementation agreements, marking the start of the actual project activities .

The project design ensures the consideration of seasonal factors by scheduling project activities in accordance with the appropriate season. This strategic timing helps optimize outcomes, like crop yields in agriculture-based projects, by aligning activities with natural growth cycles. Considering seasonality is crucial for the efficient utilization of resources and maximizing the benefits derived from various interventions within the programme .

Mechanisms for ensuring women's active involvement include mandating their participation in all the processes of project implementation, notably since a significant portion of farm-related work is performed by women. This inclusion is significant as it acknowledges the vital role women play in agriculture and community life, allowing them to contribute knowledge, skills, and labor to the project's success. It also serves as a tool for empowering women, promoting gender equity, and ensuring that development benefits are equitably shared, fostering socio-economic progress at the community level .

A PIA managing a project under TDF must fulfill several criteria: it should be registered and active in the area for at least three years, have a positive reputation, and financial management capacity evidenced by audited balance sheets for three years. It must also demonstrate quality governance, not be blacklisted by any organization, have good rapport with local people and government, and a history of handling Natural Resources Management projects. Additionally, the PIA must possess technical and managerial capability, demonstrate sensitivity to group action/conflict resolution and equity for poor and women, and have the ability to motivate the community. Furthermore, it must not be politically affiliated, ensuring executive members are not sitting MLAs/MPs .

The credit system supports financial sustainability by offering project participants loans, amounting to at least 10% of Project Support, via Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs). This approach fosters responsible credit habits by incorporating a repayment and interest mechanism decided at the project's sanction. By establishing a credit infrastructure, participants can invest in income-generating activities, driving development and economic stability, while instilling discipline and self-reliance through financial management .

Tribal Development Fund  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guidelines for Implementation
1. 
Tribal Development – Need for Special Focus   
 
1.1 
The tribal population of India constitutes around 8% of total pop
periphery of the land holdings. Two or more tree crops are selected in the ‘‘Wadi’’ model to 
minimize biological and marke
5.     
People’s Participation – Crucial for Success  
 
5.1 
There is a pervading influence of the environment on the trib
benefit of communities, NGOs, SHGs, Panchayats, Bankers and Government 
Departments. 
 
c. 
To implement sustainable liveli
9.2 
Selection of Participants 
 
9.2.1 
Small and marginal farmers of ST communities owning not more than 5 acre would b
e. Active involvement of women: Women participation should be ensured in all the 
process of project implementation, as bul
12. 
Programme Period  
 
12.1 
The project with “wadi” approach is not an area based development effort, but relies on
institutions in order to avail available facilities and resources. In the later years, PIA’s major 
responsibility is to de
d) Representative, BAIF Development 
 
Member 
Research Foundation, Pune 
e) Representative of Reputed NGOs 
 
 
One Member

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