Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
7 Zest for Progress
Z Peal of artnership
SCIENCE
Quarter 3 – Module 5
COLOR AND INTENSITY OF LIGHT
Name of Learner:
Grade & Section:
Name of School:
Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Color and Intensity of Light
First Edition, 2021
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for a profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Jaime C. Paler
Editor: Jose Rey A. Adriatico
Reviewer: Jose Rey A. Adriatico
Layout Artists: Dave D. Cubero, Chris Raymund M. Bermudo
Management Team: Virgilio P. Batan Jr. - Schools Division Superintendent
Lourma I. Poculan - Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Amelinda D. Montero - Chief Education Supervisor, CID
Nur N. Hussien - Chief Education Supervisor, SGOD
Ronillo S. Yarag - Education Program Supervisor, LRMS
Zyhrine P. Mayormita - Education Program Supervisor, Science
Leo Martinno O. Alejo - Project Development Officer II, LRMS
Joy O. Campiseňo - Public Schools District Supervisor
Noel G. Solis - School Principal, Punta NHS
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Region IX – Dipolog City Schools Division
Office Address: Purok Farmers, Olingan, Dipolog City
Zamboanga del Norte, 7100
Telefax: (065)212-6986 and (065) 212-5818
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link]
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written in a way that suits your
understanding and needs. It is here to help you explain the color and
intensity of light in terms of wave characteristics.
What’s In
Isaac Newton made many famous discoveries and had lots of important ideas.
Read the passage below and answer the questions to learn more about his work.
Newton’s Discovery
Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was a famous scientist and mathematician.
His experiments into light and color were extremely influential in forming our
understanding of these areas today.
Newton started looking into the “celebrated phenomenon of colors” in
the late 1660s. At the time, the deadly Bubonic Plague was rife in Cambridge,
where Newton usually worked, so he conducted his first experiment at
Lincolnshire.
Newton started experimenting with his celebrated “phenomenon of
colors.” People thought that color was a mixture of light and darkness and
that prisms colored light. Hooke was a proponent of this theory of color and
had a scale that went from brilliant red, which was pure white light with the
least amount of darkness added, to dull blue, the last step before black, which
was the complete extinction of light by darkness. Newton realizes this theory
was false.
Newton set out to prove this view in what was to become known as
his crucial experiment. He used a hole in his shutter to direct a beam of
sunlight into his room and refracted this beam using a prism. He was able
to see the spectrum of colors form and then used another prism to refract
the separated rays of colored light back into a ray of white light. This proved
that light is made up of colors; the prism allows them to be seen.
Newton coined the phrase “the color spectrum,” and he chose to split
the spectrum into the seven colors we know today; red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, indigo, and violet. Although the spectrum is continuous, with no
boundaries between each individual color, he selected the number seven he
believed it to be a special number.
He was able to show that each color has its angle of refraction. He
used this to prove that an object’s color is a property of the light refracting
off it, rather than something inherent within the object itself
Newton continued to carry out further investigations
into light and color, and published his book “Optiks” in 1704.
Some scientist consider this the most influential book of that
century and it explained how raindrops
1 refract sunlight to
cause rainbows for the first time.
Activity 1: Getting to Know Newton
Direction: Use the Fact Sheet on Newton’s
Discovery to answer these questions.
1. How did people in the 1660s believe colors
were created?
[Link]
2. What did Newton use to create a beam of light?
3. Why was Newton’s experiment known as a crucial experiment?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What did he prove about how we see an object’s color?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. If you were Isaac Newton, how would you caption/label the sketch of your
crucial experiment? For example, “Colors of Light: The Reveal Experiment”
______________________________________________________________________
What’s New
Anything that produces its own light is called a light
source. Some sources of light are natural and some are
artificial.
Activity 2: Let there be light
Direction: Identify the different sources of light as Natural or Artificial. Write
your answer on the the table provided for you.
candle fire star sun flashlight
lamp Light bulb lightning glow stick
TV red hot iron burning coal
Natural Sources of Light Artifical Source of Light
2
What is it
The brightness of the light depends on the source and the distance from
the source. Brightness, however, is qualitative and is dependent on the person’s
perception. Quantitatively, brightness can be expressed as luminous intensity
with a unit known as candela.
Luminous intensity refers to the amount of light power emanating from
a point source within a solid angle of one steradian. Varied light sources
produce different light intensities. Likewise, different distances from the light
source provided varied intensity. Take a look at the figure presented below.
Figure 1 shows two light sources (a light bulb and a candle) and an
improvised photometer (an instrument used to measure the intensity of light).
In general, if the improvised photometer is positioned at a distance closer than
200cm from the bulb, the side facing the bulb will be much brighter than the
side facing the candle. In figure 1, the improvised photometer is positioned 200
cm away from the light bulb and 50 cm away from the candle. In this case, the
improvised photometer is equally illuminated, which means that both sides of
the photometer are equally brightened. This time, it can be said that there is
no difference between the two sides in terms of brightness.
Sir Isaac Newton used
a prism to show that light which
we ordinarily see as white
actually consists of different
colors. Dispersion is a
phenomenon in which a prism
separates white light into its
component colors. When white
light enters a prism and travels
lower in speed than in a
vacuum, color separation is
observed due to the variation in the frequencies and wavelengths of color lights.
3
Aside from Sir Isaac Newton, who believed that light behaves like a
particle, there were also other scientists who have great contributions to the
study of light. Christian Huygens believed that light behaves like a particle,
while Louie de Broglie came up with what is known as the Dual Nature of
Light. He explained that light can be a particle and can also be a wave. To
complete our knowledge about the nature of light, James Clerk Maxwell
proposed the Electromagnetic Theory of Light. He combined the concepts of
Electricity and Magnetism to come up with his theory on electromagnetic
waves. Since these are waves, they also exhibit the different characteristics of
waves, such as wavelength, frequency, and wave speed.
There are different forms of electromagnetic waves arranged according
to frequency. This arrangement of the electromagnetic waves is known as the
Electromagnetic Spectrum. The visible part of which is known as white light
or visible light.
Light is made up of wavelengths, and each wavelength is a particular
color. The color we see is a result of which wavelengths are reflected back to
our eyes. Shorter wavelengths appear blue or violet, and longer wavelengths
appear red
4
What’s More
Activity 3: My Spectrum Wheel
Objectives:
1. To construct a spectrum wheel; and
2. To explore the characteristics of light such as energy, frequency
and wavelength
.
Materials Needed
Spectrum Wheel Pattern
Cardboard or illustration
board
Button fastener or any improvised
material Glue or paste
Procedure:
Part 1: Spectrum Wheel
1. Cut the two art files that make up the wheel on the next pages.
2. Cut along the lines drawn on the top wheel. The small window near the
center of the wheel should be completely cut out and removed.
3. Punch a hole into the center of the two wheels together. You may use a
button fastener to hold the two wheels securely in place, one on top of the
other, but they should be free to rotate relative to each other.
4. When you see a region of the EM spectrum show up in the open window
and the “W, F, E” that corresponds to that region showing up under the
flaps, then you know that you have done it right. Handle all sharp objects
with care. Be careful!
5
6
Part 2. Characteristics of Light
Direction: Using the color spectrum wheel, complete the table below by
supplying the energy, frequency, and wavelength values of the following
colors of light.
Colors of Light Energy Frequency (Hz) Wavelength (nm)
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Violet
Q1. Which color has the longest wavelength? Shortest wavelength?
____________________________________________________________
Q2. Which color has the lowest frequency? Highest frequency?
____________________________________________________________
Q3. What can you say about the relationship between the frequency and
wavelength of the colors of light?
____________________________________________________________
What I Have Learned
.Direction: Put T if the statement is true and F if it is not.
1. Light travels from a light source.
2. Our eyes emit light, enabling us to see.
3. There are seven colors of white light.
_____4. The brightness of light depends on the source and the distance from the light
source.
_____5. The color of light with the highest frequency also has the longest wavelength.
7
What I Can Do
Visible light, also known as white light, consists of a collection of component
colors. These colors are often observed through a triangular glass prism. Complete
the diagram given by applying and naming the appropriate colors that would result
during the dispersion of white light. The first one is done for you.
8
Assessment
A. Multiple Choices.
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What do we call the range of light frequencies that we can see?
A. Visible spectrum
B. Audible spectrum
C. Open spectrum
D. Chromatic spectrum
2. What color comes between yellow and blue on the visible spectrum of light?
A. Red
B. Orange
C. Green
D. Indigo
3. Which color in the visible spectrum of light has the longest wavelength?
A. Orange
B. Red
C. Green
D. Violet
4. How does frequency vary with wavelength?
A. The higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength.
B. The higher the frequency, the longer the wavelength.
C. The lower the frequency, the shorter the wavelength.
D. Frequency does not vary with wavelength.
5. Which statement is incorrect based on the table below?
Color of Light Wavelength Frequency
Violet 400 nm 744 THz
Green 530 nm 566 THz
Yellow 580 nm 517 THz
Red 700 nm 422 THz
A. Different colors of light have different wavelengths.
B. Different colors of light have different frequencies.
C. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is low.
D. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is high.
6. The three primary colors of light are _____________.
A. white, blue, gray C. red, blue, green
B. blue, green, yellow D. red, blue, yellow
7. The three secondary colors of light are ___________.
A. cyan, magenta, green C. orange, yellow, violet
B. cyan, magenta, yellow D. green, blue, violet
9
8. Combining red and green light with equal intensity makes _________ light while
Combining blue and green light with qual intensities makes _________ light.
A. brown and purple C. yellow and magenta
B. brown and yellow D. yellow and magenta
9. The separation of visible light into its different colors is ___________.
A. dispersion C. absorption
B. diffusion D. transmission
10. White and black are actual colors.
A. True B. False
10
Additional Activities
Arrange the seven colors of light according to increasing frequency and
decreasing wavelength. Write the colors on each step of the staircase.
A. Increasing Frequency
B. Decreasing wavelength.
11
Answer Key Gr8Q3 Module 5
What’s In:
.
1. People believed that light was caused by a mixture of light and dark, and that red was the lightest
color with the least amount of dark added to it, while blue was the darkest color, the last step
before black.
2. a hole in his shutter
3. answers may vary
4. was able to see the spectrum of colors form, and then used another prism to refract the separated
rays of colored light back into a ray of white light. This proved that light is made up of colors
5. answers may vary.
What I Have learned:
Additional Activities
1. T
2. F
A. B.
3. T
4. T
5. F
Assessment
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. C
What’s More Part 2 A What’s More Part 2 B
Colors of Energy Frequency Wavelengt
1. red, violet
Light (eV) (THz) h (nm)
2. red, violet
Red 1.77 422 700
3. The higher the frequency, the
Orange 2.00 484 620
shorter the wavelength.
Yellow 2.14 517 580
Green 2.34 566 530
The lower the frequency, the
Blue 2.64 638 470
longer the wavelength
Violet 2.95 744 400
What’s New Let there be light!
What I Can Do
Natural Artificial
sun candle
star light bulb
lightning fire
red hot iron
burning coal
flashlight
glow stick
12
References
Department of Education 2017 (2017). Science Grade 7 Learners Material. First
Edition. Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-
BLR)
[Link]
understanding%20of%20light,%2C%20green%2C%20blue%20and%20viole t.
Image Credits
[Link]
GCEA_enPH867PH867&sxsrf=ALeKk00w8OEScRIdyFofhuceSexgXDwPdA:1
610339727929&source=lnms&tbm
[Link] 6-
colors-of-light-g8
[Link]
&ved=2ahUKEwj3nevnh5PuAhUJ7ZQKHeDuDD8Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=wavelengths&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAR
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjVmeuE9pnuAhUwHKYKHY6pBUkQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=rainbow+light+prism
13
14