Body Language

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction

1. Understanding the Basics

In the Beginning ...
Why It's Not What You Say
How Body Language Reveals Emotions and Thoughts
Why Women are More Perceptive
What Brain Scans Show
How Fortune-Tellers Know So Much
Inborn, Genetic or Learned Culturally?
Some Basic Origins
Universal Gestures
Three Rules for Accurate Reading
Why It Can be Easy to Misread
Why Kids are Easier to Read
Can You Fake it?
True-Life Story: The Lying Job Applicant
How to Become a Great Reader

2. The Power Is in Your Hands

How to Detect Openness
Intentional Use of the Palms to Deceive
The Law of Cause and Effect Palm Power
Our Audience Experiment
An Analysis of Handshake Styles
Who Should Reach First?
How Dominance and Control Are Communicated
The Submissive Handshake
How to Create Equality
How to Create Rapport
How to Disarm a Power Player
The Cold, Clammy Handshake
Gaining the Left Side Advantage
When Men and Women Shake Hands
The Double-Hander
The Blair—Bush Power Game
The Solution
The World's Eight Worst Handshakes
The Arafat-Rabin Handshake
Summary

3. The Magic of Smiles and Laughter

Smiling Is a Submission Signal
Why Smiling Is Contagious
 How a Smile Tricks the Brain
Practising the Fake Smile
Smugglers Smile Less
Five Common Types of Smiles
Why Laughter Is the Best Medicine
Why You Should Take Laughter Seriously
Why We Laugh and Talk, But Chimps Don't
How Humour Heals
Laughing Till You Cry
How Jokes Work
The Laughter Room
Smiles and Laughter Are a Way of Bonding
Humour Sells
The Permanent Down-Mouth
Smiling Advice For Women
Laughter In Love
Summary

4. Arm Signals
Arm Barrier Signals
Why Crossed Arms Can be Detrimental
Yes.. .But I'm Just 'Comfortable'
Gender Differences
Crossed-Arms-on-Chest Solution
Reinforced Arm-Crossing Arm-Gripping
The Boss vs The Staff
Getting the Thumbs-Up
Hugging Yourself
How the Rich and Famous Reveal their Insecurity
The Coffee Cup Barrier
The Power of Touch
Touch their Hand Too
Summary

5. Cultural Differences
We Were Having Pizza at the Time
Take the Cultural Test
Why We're All Becoming American
Cultural Basics are the Same Almost Everywhere
Greeting Differences
When One Culture Encounters Another
The English Stiff-Upper-Lip
The Japanese
'You Dirty, Disgusting Pig!' - Nose Blowing
The Three Most Common Cross-Cultural Gestures
To Touch or Not to Touch?
How to Offend Other Cultures
Summary

6. Hand and Thumb Gestures

 How the Hands Talk
On the One Hand...
On the Other Hand, Gestures Improve Recall
Rubbing the Palms Together
Thumb and Finger Rub
Hands Clenched Together
The Steeple Summary
The Face Platter
Holding Hands Behind the Back
Thumb Displays
Thumbs-Protruding-from-Coat-Pocket
Summary

7. Evaluation and Deceit Signals

Lying Research
The Three Wise Monkeys
How the Face Reveals the Truth
Women Lie the Best and That's the Truth
Why It's Hard to Lie
Eight of the Most Common Lying Gestures
Evaluation and Procrastination Gestures
The Lying Interviewee
Chin Stroking
Stalling Clusters
Head Rubbing and Slapping Gestures
Why Bob Always Lost at Chess
The Double Meaning

8. Eye Signals
The Dilating Pupils
Take the Pupil Test
Women Are Better at It, as Usual
Giving Them the Eye
The Eyebrow Flash
Eye Widening
The 'Looking Up' Cluster
How Men's Fires Get Lit
Gaze Behaviour - Where Do You Look?
How to Keep Eye Contact in a Nudist Colony
How to Grab a Man's Attention
Most Liars Look You in the Eye
How to Avoid Being Attacked or Abused
The Sideways Glance
Extended Blinking
Darting Eyes
The Geography of the Face
The Politician's Story
Look Deep Into My Eyes, Baby
The First 20 Seconds of an Interview
What Channel Are You Tuned to?
How to Hold Eye Contact with an Audience
How to Present Visual Information
 The Power Lift
Summary

9. Space Invaders - Territories and Personal Space

Personal Space Zone Distances
Practical Applications of Zone Distances
Who Is Moving In on Whom?
Why We Hate Riding in Lifts
Why Mobs Become Angry
Spacing Rituals
Try the Luncheon Test
Cultural Factors Affecting Zone Distances
Why Japanese Always Lead When They Waltz
Country vs. City Spatial Zones
Territory and Ownership
Car Territory
Take the Test
Summary

10. How the Legs Reveal What the Mind Wants to Do

Everybody's Talking About a New Way of Walking
How Feet Tell the Truth
The Purpose of the Legs
The Four Main Standing Positions
Defensive, Cold or 'Just Comfortable'?
How We Move from Closed to Open
The European Leg Cross
The American Figure Four
When the Body Closes, so Does the Mind
Figure Four Leg Clamp
The Ankle Lock
The Short Skirt Syndrome
The Leg Twine
Parallel-Legs
Put Your Right Foot In, Put Your Right Foot Out
Summary

11. The 13 Most Common Gestures You'll See Daily

The Head Nod
Why You Should Learn to Nod
How to Encourage Agreement
The Head Shake
The Basic Head Positions
The Head Shrug
Picking Imaginary Lint
How We Show We're Ready for Action
The Cowboy Stance
Sizing Up the Competition
The Legs-Spread
Leg-Over-the-Arm-of-Chair
 Straddling a Chair
The Catapult
Gestures That Show When a Person is Ready
The Starter's Position
Summary

12. Mirroring - How We Build Rapport

Creating the Right Vibes
Mirroring on a Cellular Level
Mirroring Differences Between Men and Women
What to Do About It if You're Female
When Men and Women Start to Look Alike
Do We Resemble Our Pets?
Monkey See, Monkey Do
Matching Voices
Intentionally Creating Rapport
Who Mirrors Whom?
Summary

13. The Secret Signals of Cigarettes, Glasses and Make-up

The Two Types of Smokers
Differences Between Men and Women
Smoking as a Sexual Display
How to Spot a Positive or Negative Decision
Cigar Smokers
How Smokers End a Session
How to Read Glasses
Stalling Tactics
Peering-Over-the-Glasses
Wearing Glasses on the Head
The Power of Glasses and Make-up
A Little Lippy, Lady?
Briefcase Signals
Summary

14. How the Body Points to Where the Mind Wants to Go

What Body Angles Say
How We Exclude Others
Seated Body Pointing
Foot Pointing
Summary

15. Courtship Displays and Attraction Gestures

The Emergence of the Colourful Male
Graham's Story
Why Women Always Call the Shots
Differences Between Men and Women
The Attraction Process
The 13 Most Common Female Courtship Gestures and Signals
 How Beautiful People Miss Out
What Men Look At in Women's Bodies
Is He a Bum, Boobs or Leg Man?
Male Courtship Signals and Gestures
Men's Bodies - What Turns Women On the Most
Is She a Chest, Legs or Bum Gal?
Summary

16. Ownership, Territory and Height Signals

Body Lowering and Status
He's a Big Man Around Town
Why Some People Seem Taller on TV
Try the Floor Test
Body Lowering and Status
He's a Big Man Around Town
Why Some People Seem Taller on TV
Try the Floor Test
The Downsides of Height
How Body Lowering Can Sometimes Raise Status
How TV Politicians Can Win Votes
How to Placate Angry People
What's Love Got To Do With It?
Some Strategies For Gaining Perceived Height
Summary

17. Seating Arrangements - Where to Sit and Why

Take the Table Test
It's Not What You Say, It's Where You Sit
King Arthur's Concept
Keeping Two People Involved
Rectangular Board Tables
Why Teacher's Pet Sits On the Left
Power Plays at Home
How to Make an Audience Cry
The Attention Zone
An Experiment in Learning
Getting a Decision Over Dinner Summary

18. Interviews, Power Plays and Office Politics

Why James Bond Looked Cool, Calm and Collected
The Nine Golden Keys to Making Great First Impressions
When Someone Keeps You Waiting
Fake It Till You Make It?
Seven Simple Strategies for Giving You the Extra Edge
Summary
Office Power Politics
How to Switch Table Territories
Seated Body Pointing
How to Re-arrange an Office
Summary
19. Putting It All Together
How Well Can You Read Between the Lines?
How Did You Rate?
Summary
The Six Secrets of Attractive Body Language