Science 7 Summative Test: Cells & Systems
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Luz Marie CorveraScience 7 Summative Test: Cells & Systems
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Luz Marie CorveraCommon questions
Powered by AIThe kidney is not part of the digestive system because it is primarily involved in filtering blood to form urine, which serves in removing waste products from the body—a function of the excretory system. In contrast, the digestive system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients .
Plant roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil through their root hairs, entering the vascular system. These nutrients are then transported to the rest of the plant via the xylem and phloem located in the stem, which acts as a conduit for movement to and from the leaves and flowers .
The stem is essential for nutrient transport in plants because it contains specialized tissues, xylem and phloem, that conduct water, nutrients, and organic materials between the roots and leaves . This function is comparable to how blood vessels operate in animals for nutrient distribution .
The nucleus acts as the control center of the cell, regulating cellular activities by directing the synthesis of proteins and housing the cell's DNA, which contains the genetic instructions. It coordinates cellular growth, metabolism, and reproduction by regulating gene expression .
The statement is incorrect. Flowers are primarily involved in plant reproduction, housing reproductive organs that enable pollination and the development of seeds. Photosynthesis mainly occurs in the leaves, which contain chlorophyll to capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy .
Mitochondria are called the 'powerhouse' of the cell primarily because they produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration . Its double membrane structure enhances its ability to facilitate chemical reactions that convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, driving vital cellular processes .
The respiratory system is responsible for processing oxygen as it facilitates the inhalation of air so oxygen can be absorbed into the blood . The circulatory system then transports oxygen throughout the body .
The Golgi apparatus functions similarly to a packaging and distribution center within the cell. It processes and packages proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, then dispatches them to their destinations, either within or outside the cell . This role is akin to a refrigerator storing and organizing supplies for later use .
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell, acting as a selective barrier to enable the intake of necessary nutrients and water while preventing harmful substances from entering . Additionally, it provides structural support and protection to the cell, maintaining cellular integrity .
Cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance within the cell, provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place. It helps in maintaining cell shape and protecting cell organelles . It also facilitates the movement of materials around the cell, aiding in their distribution .