Chapter 1
Introduction to RFID
1.1 Introduction
Transport is one of the most important requirements of the major life, divided to three
types; air transport, maritime transport, land transport, and we will discuss in our
project road transport, the most important applications are vehicle.
Our project makes reading vehicle data and controlling the process of regulation of
traffic easier and helping traffic police in controlling traffic by using RFID.
1.2 RFID Technology
Most histories of RFID trace the technology back to the Radio-based identification
system used by allied bombers during World War II .Because bombers could be short
Down by German anti-aircraft artillery, they had strong Incentive to fly bombing
missions at night because planes were harder for gunners on the ground to target and
shoot down. Of course, the German also took advantage of the Cover that darkness
provided. Early identification friend or foe (IFF) systems made it possible for allied
fighters and-Aircraft systems to distinguish their own returning bombers from aircraft
sent by the enemy. These systems, and their Descendants today, send coded
identification signals by Radio, an air craft that sends the correct signals is deemed to
be friend, and the rest are foe, thus, radio frequency identification was born
1.3 How the Technology Works
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices consist of tags and readers that assist
in the tracking of goods and vehicles. Tags are the devices that give identity to the
vehicle and work like a wireless name plate. It transmits its identity to readers which
are placed at strategic locations like entry/exit of a premise, highway, weighing bridge
parking lots and others. Readers pick up these signals and transmit them to the
centralized data servers from where the information can be viewed or utilized
anywhere.
These readers can also trigger the other peripheral devices like an access control
mechanism- boom barrier to operate as per the business logic. For. e.g. on identifying
a known vehicle, a reader can signal the boom barrier to open and allow the vehicle
automatically. The read-range of the reader varies from 5m to 30 m depending upon
the technology (Passive Vs Active) in place.
The use of RFID technology also necessitates the necessitates and utilization of either
fixed or hand held readers which can help the guard to quickly access the vehicle
information by bringing the device near the vehicle.
1.4 What is RFID
Radio Frequency Identification or RFID is a rapidly-emerging identification and
logging technology. Whether or not you have come across RFID systems in your
work, you have probably encountered RFID in your daily life, perhaps without even
being aware of it. At their simplest, RFID systems use tiny chips, called "tags," to
contain and transmit some piece of identifying information to an RFID reader a
device that in turn can interface with computers.
1.5 How Dose the RFID Work?
In an RFID system, RFID tags are interrogated by an RFID reader. The tag reader
generates a radio frequency interrogation signal that communicates with the tags. The
reader also has a receiver that captures a reply signal from the tags, and decodes that
signal. The reply signal from the tags reflects, both literally & figuratively, the tag's
data content. The reply signal is created as passive back scatter (to use the radio term).
1.6 Problem Statements
Currently, the method used by the administration of the Traffic Department and
vehicles is by showing the vehicle license and read the data manually, and the same
thing to leave. Data to detect compounds that are contrary to the rules and regulations
of the traffic management, and human resources to verify the name manually and
submitted to the Department who is responsible.
Process through which to read data from the vehicle by a policeman walking by using
the method of paper consumes valuable time and waste of paper and ink. There is a
system that can be recorded automatically read Banat will definitely be useful.
Thus, the system is designed to read data vehicle will be a shortcut to impact and
facilitate transactions. This system is flexibility, which means, and can be applied to
the traffic circle, and do not use leaves.
This system automate all processes and save time to read the data using the leaves.
Aimed at the foundations of RFID in access control system to address all the
problems mentioned.
In circuit design, we must remember to take into account the costs and scalability of
the system. Accordingly, the system was designed to use less resources as possible