CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign Literature
According to Ilianna Kwaske and Kay McLennan from the Tulane University
School of Professional Advancement, there are many opportunities in traditional
classrooms for students to interact with their teachers and each other. They know that
this interaction is critical to the success of students. In this online distance learning,
they believe that social interaction would not be less important in today's online
education, especially in creating good work ethics and good academic performance.
As stated by educators, social interaction in online learning can lead to increased
student engagement and motivation and improve student performance.
Sustained interactions between students and teachers are the cornerstone of
effective online learning and creating good work ethics. Through this learning
process, students can build interactions. As a result, students have ongoing
opportunities to interact with the teachers throughout the quarters, allowing them to
form and make a social presence, teaching presence, and cognitive presence as
essential elements to facilitate successful educational experiences in online distance
learning environments. Also, social interaction between the teachers and students will
help the students be updated and reminded that it is necessary to focus on their
academic performances, creating good work ethics.
Moving on to the student to student interaction, it is stated that social
interaction in online learning allows students to share their views and ideas on a range
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of topics and various subjects with each other. Besides, those online group works and
collaboration with other students prepare the students for an essential part of their
lives, enhance their communication skills, and give the students healthy competition,
which enables them to focus on their goal attainment.
According to David Castadena and Sarah Rentz's article from the eLearning
Industry, interaction with other people should be included, especially in online
distance learning. If social interaction is done poorly, discussions can often devolve
into endless required posts that students slog through.
From the learning theories, social interaction between students and teachers and
discussions is an essential factor in learning and creating good work ethics. It is stated
that it provides the students to engage in active processing, demands the students to
participate and cooperate in social groups, making them study the meaning of
participating. It gives the students motivation to put extra effort into achieving their
objectives and goals.
Being interested in connecting with other students helps them make their learning
discussions more engaging that can help create good work ethics to improve their
performance in academics.
Social engagement is a powerful way to help students more actively participate in
the learning process. Those people who feel more connected to others also have
higher self-esteem, greater empathy for others, are more trusting and cooperative. As
a result, others are more open to trusting and cooperating with them.
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Local Literature
A variety of studies have been conducted that link student engagement and
academic achievement to mental health and vice versa and the beneficial impact of
social and emotional learning programming on students from diverse backgrounds.
Students spend most of their time in school and regularly interact with
classmates, friends, and teachers. Their ability to socially interact with institutions in
academia has an effect and impact on their mental health.
An article from Jerome Visperas Cleofas tackled in a selected University in
Manila, Philippines, that students who had a poor perceived level of support and
interaction with other people were more likely to have mental health issues.
Improved social and emotional behaviors and interactions in students may
significantly affect good academic performance in school and, eventually, good work
ethics and life success. Students who often experience internalized distress such as
grief, anxiety, or depression perform poorly in school. Those who experience
externalized pain such as rage, resentment, or fear exhibit school difficulties creating
poor academic achievement and poor work ethics.
In students, life satisfaction was also found to have a bidirectional association
with student participation and engagement in social interactions under this online
distance learning.
In an article from the University of the Philippines, Diliman, it tackled that the
students benefit from social interaction as it helps them develop their communication
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skills. Students' listening skills grow due to social contact, and it teaches them to be
strong listeners.
It tackles that high-power-distance teachers in the Philippines must consider
turning down their power distance dial if their teaching object is to get the students to
learn to connect and interact with them or with other people more productively. Doing
so may help all those engaged in educational interactions to resolve issues that may
otherwise be difficult to overcome in a high power-distance situation.
Foreign Studies
The study from IvyPanda is concerned with the role of social interaction in
learning. It also explores the different types of social experiences, social contact
techniques, and the main problems of social interaction in learning. It is said that
intelligence is a social science in which people communicate with one another and
their surroundings.
The biggest reason people engage socially is to accomplish shared goals. In
terms of learning, the relationships formed as a result of social contact are essential.
Social interaction aids in the development of learning techniques. Social interaction
allows a person to consider other people's attitudes, enabling the student to develop
his or her behavioral methods by changing negative behaviors. Consequently, it
creates an atmosphere in which individuals of diverse backgrounds can easily engage
with one another to accomplish a shared purpose.
When students are organized into groups, they are motivated to work harder in
order to accomplish their goals. Students may boost their group scores by increasing
their efforts through social engagement. Social engagement allows students to be
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active with their school environment, allowing them to maintain loyalty and resolve
disputes. Social contact aids typically in reducing an instructor's workload, the
students think, interact, and exchange knowledge among themselves.
According to Beth Hurst, Randall Wallace, and Sarah B. Nixon from Missouri
State University, students in today's learning have taken social networking. Still, the
social interaction among students is little particularly taking place in classes.
One way for students to take on learning responsibilities is to serve as readers,
authors, speakers, listeners, and thinkers in the class by active involvement in social
interaction with others. Social interaction is a substantive conversation among
learners. Learners who participate socially are more involved. In short, social
interaction is vital for learning.
It is also stated that students are not the only ones who must communicate and
listen to one another while studying, teachers must have a comprehensive knowledge
of a variety of subject areas, learn how to draw on their efforts, and develop problem-
solving skills for a wide range of possible challenges in order to be successful
knowing that social interaction especially under online distance learning is very
critical.
Local Studies
The social system serves an essential role in determining the quality of people's
lives and the excellent work ethic of human beings, especially among students under
this Online Distance Learning.
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The article from the University of Perpetual Help-Molino Campus concluded in
the study of Baruah, T.D. that teachers and students are increasingly using social
networks as a communication tool. Social media allows the students to connect,
interact and discuss topics with their classmates since it provides unique opportunities
to minimize social distance. It gave an opportunity for all the students to communicate
with one another to share their expertise, thoughts, and ideas.
As more systems emerge, this helps the students to build social interactions and
authority, and there will be greater capacity for students to engage in social groups to
organize and participate in the action.
Building social interactions can help students establish themselves as experts in
their fields and begin interacting and influencing others with these fields. Seeking
connections and interactions has an impact on intercultural adaptation. The
interactions and conversations establish interconnectedness, which is a crucial
component for communicating with people. These connections and relationships are
essential for students in overcoming challenges and establishing a sense of
community that creates good work ethics.
In general, social skills are acquired habits that enable an individual to
communicate with others in a socially appropriate manner. One of the most important
outcomes of the school experience is the acquisition of social skills. Students who
lack social skills are at risk for social-emotional problems as well as low academic
success.
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Social skills do not make students more innovative or more intelligent, but
they help students plan to use their academic skills and experience to show
achievement. Encouragement of social interaction among students is one of the most
important ways for students to practice new problem-solving strategies. Students'
social and emotional abilities will help them set expectations for themselves and
establish meaningful relationships with other students. Initiating talks, making friends,
having strong sportsmanship, and successfully dealing with bullying are also
examples of social skills.
Learning social skills increases students' positive behavior while lowering
negative behavior. Social skills curriculum facilitates students' academic achievement,
fitness, and general well-being while also successfully avoiding a host of alcohol and
substance use, abuse, truancy, and bullying.
Synthesis
Under this Online Distance Learning, it is critical to have social interactions as it
helps the students create good work ethics and improve their academic performance
and develop their communication and social skills with other people, especially with
their classmates or with their social groups.
In conclusion, the first foreign article is relevant to our topic as it talks about the
effectiveness of social interactions between students to students and students to
teachers. It states that social interaction makes the students motivated and engaged
more in putting effort into their goals and objectives. Students can share ideas with
their classmates that build online learning support. The other foreign article explains
that interaction with other people should be included, especially in online distance
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learning, as it allows the students to engage in active processing that can help create
good work ethics. This article is relevant to our topic because it focuses on the
importance of social interaction among students, which benefits them to be more
cooperative and trusting.
The local articles discuss the impacts of lack of social interaction on the students'
mental health and its effects on good work ethics and academic performances. This is
relevant to the topic of the importance of social interaction among students because it
is stated that students who have a poor level of interaction and support with other
people will affect their mental health making issues such as depression and this will
make the students to perform poorly in school and not create good work ethics as well
as not be able to get good grades. It also talks about that there will be a life
satisfaction if the students participate and engage in social interacting with other
peers. It tackled the benefits of social interaction to the students as it helps them to
improve their social and communication skills. Positive improvements are infused
into the student's individual growth as a result of social interaction. It is also stated
that students' social skills will teach them to be strong listeners and be cooperative.
The foreign studies stated that social interaction with others and groupings
typically impact students' accomplishments because students with low abilities are
usually inspired by those with high capacity. As a result, they end up doing better. It
is related to the study of social interaction among students in creating good work
ethics because when students engage as a group, they exchange thoughts and
perspectives to address a particular problem. With social interaction, students will
have strong self-esteem and create good performance and work ethics. Incorporating
social interactions into online classes helps teachers and students unite as one and
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develop work ethics. Through social interaction between students and teachers, it will
be successful for all of them, keeping in mind that social interaction under this online
distance learning is essential.
The local studies related to the current topic stated that participation and
collaboration of students creating social groups could make them engage in social
interaction through sharing of thoughts and ideas. This study gave importance to
social interaction among students because students can also overcome challenges and
create a sense of community and good work ethics through having the component of
interacting and connecting with their classmates, teachers, or friends. The second
local studies talk about acquiring social skills, which enables students to interact
effectively in a socially appropriate manner. It concludes that students who have
social skills will help them plan to use their academics skills to show achievements. It
relates to the present topic as it shows that encouragement in social interaction among
students will make them form new strategies and create good work ethics.
Discovering the importance of social skills and social interaction will also establish
healthy relationships with their classmates and increase positive behaviors.
References:
(Kwaske, I., & McLennan, K. (2021). “Why Social Interaction Is Important in Online
Learning | Tulane School of Professional Advancement”)
[Link]
fbclid=IwAR2a-
tTiifzABZ2TCBufwreRawNmCMWWtTe3sZTB69PQLVRrZijZPgrZb60
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(Castaneda, D., & Rentz, S. (2020). “The Power Of Discussion: Activating Learning
Online (And In Person)”) [Link]
courses-discussion-activatinlearning
(Cleofas, J. (2019). “Student involvement, mental health and quality of life of college
students in a selected university in Manila, Philippines”)
[Link]
(Muega, M.A., Acido, M.B., & Lusung-Oyzon, M.V. (2016). “Communication,
social, and critical thinking skills of students with low-power-distance teachers in a
high-power-distance country”) [Link]
(IvyPanda. (2019). “Importance of social interaction to learning”)
[Link]
writing/#ivy-csf-section
(Hurst, B., Wallace, R., & Nixon, S. (2013). “The Impact of Social Interaction on
Student Learning”) [Link]
article=3105&context=reading_horizons
(Taguba, C. (2021). “Implications to Social Interaction: An inquiry about the effects
of social media to STEM students in a Philippine University”)
[Link]
Implications_to_Social_Interaction_An_inquiry_about_the_effects_of_social_media_
to_STEM_students_in_a_Philippine_University
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(Comedis, E. (2014). “The Role of Social Skills in the Academic Performance of De
La Salle Araneta University Freshmen Students: Creating a Culture”)
[Link]
proceedings/[Link]
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