Information and Communication Technologies Websites

(ICT)
- A location connected to the internet that
- It deals with the use of different communication maintains one or more pages on the World Wide
technologies such as mobile phones, telephones, Web.
internet to locate, save, send and edit - It is a related collection of World Wide Web
information. (WWW) files that includes a beginning file
called a home page.
ICT in the Philippines

- Philippines is dub as the “ICT Hub of Asia”

because of huge growth of ICT-related jobs, one
of which is BPO, Business Process.
- ICT Department in the Philippines is responsible
for the planning, development and promotion of
the country’s information and communications
technology (ICT) agenda in support of national
development.

Internet
Web Browser
- Is the global system of interconnected computer
networks that use the Internet protocol suite - It displays a web page on a monitor or mobile
(TCP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide. device.
- Means of connecting a computer to any other - Is a software application for retrieving,
computer anywhere in the world via dedicated presenting, and traversing information resources
routers and servers. on the World Wide Web.
- Sometimes called simply “the Net,” is a
worldwide system of computer networks- a
network of networks in which users at any one
computer can get information from any other
computer.

World Wide Web

- An information system on the internet that

allows documents to be connected to other
documents by hypertext links, enabling the user
to search for information by moving from one
Static Web Pages
document to another.
- Is an information space where documents and - Static is Web 1.0
other web resources are identified by URLs, - Dynamic is Web 2.0, 3.0
interlinked by hypertext links, and can be - Static web page is known as flat page or
accessed via the internet. stationary page in the sense that the page is “as
- Invented by Tim-Berners Lee is” and cannot be manipulated by the user.
- The content is also the same for all users that is
Web Pages
referred to as Web 1.0
- Web page is a hypertext document connected to
Dynamic Web Pages
the World Wide Web.
- It is a document that is suitable for the World - Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding
Wide Web. dynamic web pages.
- The user is able to see website differently than 5. Software as a Service- users will be subscribe
others e.g. social networking sites, wikis, video to a software only when needed rather than
sharing sites. purchasing them e.g. Google docs used to create
- Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the page, and edit word processing and spread sheet.
the user may be able to comment or create a user 6. Mass Participation- diverse information
account. sharing through universal web access. Web 2.0’s
- Most website the we visit today are Web 2.0 content is based on people from various cultures.

Web 3.0 and Semantic Web

- Semantic Web is a movement led by the World

Web Consortium (W3C).
- The W3C standard encourages web developers
to include semantic content in their web pages.
- Semantic web is a component of Web 3.0
- Semantic web provides a common framework
that allows data to be shared and reused across
application, enterprise, and community
boundaries.
Static vs. Dynamic Web Page - The aim of web 3.0 is to have machines or
servers understand the user’s preferences to be
- “Static” means unchanged or constant, while
able to deliver web content specifically targeting
“dynamic” means changing or lively.
the user.
- A static site is one that is usually written in
plain HTML and what is in the code of the page
is what is displayed to the user. A dynamic site
is one that is written using a server-side scripting Empowerment Technologies
language such as PHP, ASP, JSP, or
Computer
ColdFusion.
- An electronic device designed to accept data,
Features of Web 2.0
perform prescribed mathematical and logical
1. Folksonomy- allows user to categorize and operations at high speed, and display the results
classify information using freely chosen of these operations.
keywords e.g. tagging by facebook, twitter, use o Accept data
tags that start with the pound sign #, referred to o Mathematical and logical operations
as hastag. o Display the results of these operations
2. Rich User Experience- content is dynamic and - A fast electronic computational device operating
is responsive to user’s input. under the control of instructions stored in its
3. User Participation- the owner of the website is own memory unit that can accept data (input),
not the only one who is able to put content. perform prescribed operations on the data
Others are able to place a content of their own (processing), produce result from the processing
by means of comments, reviews, and evaluation (output), and store the results for the future
e.g. [Link], [Link]. use (storage).
4. Long Tail- services that are offered on demand
rather than on a one-time purchase. This is Empowerment Technology
synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that
- Use of computers and high-tech gadgets to
charges you for the amount of time you spent in
meet our own needs.
the internet, or a data plan that charges you for
the amount of bandwidth you used. Information Technology
 - Use of computers and software to manage - Reports that evaluate sales made by each
information. In a large company, you would be salesperson.
responsible for storing information, protecting
information, processing the information, EIS (Executive Information System)
transmitting the information as necessary and - Provide critical information for a whole variety
later retrieving the information as necessary. of internal and external sources in easy-to-use
E-business/E-commerce displays to executives and manager.

- The conducting of business functions (e.g. SIS (Strategic Information System)

buying and selling goods and services, servicing - Systems that help an organization gain a
customers, collaborating with business partners) competitive advantage through their
electronically, in order to enhance an contribution to the strategic goals of an
organization’s operations. organization and/or their ability to significantly
Information System (IS) increase performance and productivity.

- Any organized combination of people, Digital Economy

hardware, software, communication networks, - An economy based on digital technologies
data resources and policies and procedures that including communication networks (the internet,
stores, retrieves, transforms and disseminates intranet, extranets), computers, software and
information and organization. other related technologies; also sometimes called
- Your book bag, day planner, notebooks and file the internet economy, the new economy or the
folders are all part of information system web economy.
designed to help you organize the inputs
provided to you via handouts, lectures, lectures  Internet
presentations and discussions.  A vast computer network linking
- The cash register at your favorite fast-food smaller computer network worldwide.
restaurant is part of a large information system  Intranet
that tracks the products sold, inventory levels  A computer network with restricted
and the amount of money in the cash drawer. It access as within a company that
also contributes to the analysis of product sales uses software and protocols
in any combination of locations anywhere in the developed for the internet.
world.  Extranet
- A paper based accounting ledger as used before  A private network that uses internet
the advent of computer based-accounting technology and the public
systems is an iconic example of an information communication system to securely share
systems. part of a business information or
Computer Based Information System (CBIS) operation with suppliers, vendors,
partners, costumers or other business.
- An information system that uses computer
technology to perform some or all of its Example:
intended tasks. 1. Old Economy- go to local bookstore.
MIS (Management Information Systems) New Economy- go to website of the textbooks
publisher.
- Provide information in the form of reports and 2. Old Economy- go to school for enrollment.
displays. New economy- access the schools website.
- To managers and many business professionals.
- Sales results of their products and access their Information Technology Architecture
corporate intranet for daily sales analysis.
 - A high-level map or plan of the information - Input devices include keyboards, touch screens,
assets in an organization, which guides current pens, electronic mice and optical scanners. They
operations and is a blueprint for future convert data into electronic form for direct
directions. entry or through a telecommunications network
into a computer system.
Information Technology Infrastructure
Processing
- The physical facilities, IT components, IT
services and IT managements that support an - CPU is the main processing component of a
entire organization. computer system.

IT Components: Advantages of Computer

 Wireless communications 1. Generates information at high speed. Computer

 Telecommunications and Networks can manipulate a huge amount of data in nano
 Software seconds (1x10⁻⁹). Therefore, increased
 Hardware productivity.
2. Processes data accurately. Computer is reliable.
LAN (Local Area Network) Computer errors are often caused by erroneous
input of data.
- A computer network of connected devices that
3. Saves and retrieve information. Computer can
exists within a specific location.
store a large amount of data through secondary
WAN (Wide Area Network) storage devices such as diskettes, hard disks,
CDROM disks, Flash memory cards, USB,
- A computer network that extends over a large magnetic tapes, etc.
geographical distance via telephone lines, fiber 4. Perform logical operations. A computer can be
optic cables or satellite links. of great help in solving complex problems that
require a certain decision. It can logically
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)
manipulate data using logical operators (<,>,
- Wireless computer network that links two or +,-,*,/).
more devices using wireless communication 5. Communicates with other users or with the
within a limited area such as a home, school, machine. A computer can actually instruct the
computer laboratory or an office building. user how to debug his work. A certain message
is shown on the screen when the user commits
WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) an error and doesn’t know what to do. Debug-
find and remove errors from something.
- A local area network that uses high frequency
radio signals to transmit and receive data over
distances of a few hundred feet; uses Ethernet
protocol. Five Basic Elements of Computer:

Ethernet 1. Electronic
2. Programmable
- A system for connecting a number of 3. Storage
computer systems to form a local area 4. Retrieve
network, with protocols to control the passing 5. Process
of information and to avoid simultaneous
transmission by two or more systems.
Computer Benefits:
Input
1. Increased Productivity
2. Information Management
3. Improved Communications - A large capacity storage area that offers fast
access to store and retrieve information.
Two Main Parts of a Computer:
Monitor
1. Processor (CPU)
- The part of the computer that processes the - Displays the video and graphics information
instructions in the memory. Intel Atom, Intel generated by the computer through the video
Celeron, Intel Pentium, Intel Dual Core, Intel card. They display information at a much higher
Quad Core, i3, i5, i7. resolution.
 CRT Monitor- Cathode-ray-Tube
ADM (Advanced Micro Devices)  LCD- Liquid Crystal Display
 LED- Light Emitting Diode
- 2nd largest global supplier of microprocessors.
 OLED- Organic Light Emitting Diode
2. Memory (RAM- Random Access Memory) Diode
- The area of the computer that holds the
instructions (programs) and information you - A semiconductor device with two terminals.
give it. When you turn the computer off,  High Definition (HD), Ultra Definition
everything in RAM disappears. 128Kb, 512Kb, (UD), UHD Ultra High Definition.
1Mb, 2Mb, 4Mb, 512Mb, 1Gb, 2Gb, 4Gb.  DPI- measurements in digital printing/
images.
Read Only Memory (ROM)  PPI- measurement in monitor resolution
pixel per inch (16 Megapixel).
- A chip that holds information that cannot be
changed. Keyboard/Mouse
Disk Drive - A device used to enter data and issue commands
to the computer.
- A mechanical device that you use to transfer
information back and forth between the
computer’s memory and a disk Drive letters; a, Printer
b, c, d, e, f, g, etc.
- A device that makes a hard copy of data in the
CD-ROM Drive (Compact Disk Read Only computer.
Memory)
Dot-Matrix Printer
- A read only optical disk that can store large
amounts of data when compared to regular disk - A printer with a print head that runs back and
drives. forth or in an up and down motion, on the page
and prints by impact striking an up and down
USB (Universal Serial Bus) motion against the paper. Uses the ribbon
technology.
- An external interface standard designed for
communication between a computer and Inkjet Printer
attached low-to-mid-speed peripheral devices
such as printers, scanners, keyboard. - Creates a digital image by propelling droplets of
ink into paper. Uses the liquid technology.
Floppy Disk Continuous ink technology.
- A magnetically coated disk on which Laser Printer
information can be stored and retrieved.
- A printer that produces high quality text and
Hard Disk graphics on plain paper. Uses the powder
technology.
Hardware Parts of the Keyboard

- The group of parts that make up the computer

system. Hardware can be seen and touched.
Control x: cut and copy
Software
Control z: undo
- Instructions that tell your computer how to
perform task. Software is stored on disks in Control a: select
program files. Software cannot be seen or Control v: paste
touched.
Control c: copy
Two Main Kinds of Software
Control alt: start key
1. Application Software (Program)
- Software that does a specific task such as word Delete: on the right
processing, spreadsheets, etc.
2. System Software Backspace: on the left
- Software that runs the computer system.
Na-lay out in group mannerly
Five Kinds of Computer

1. Microcontrollers
- It is the small-specialized micro processors
installed in appliances and automobiles. These
microcontrollers enable microwave ovens for
example, to store data how long it will take to
cook and at what temperature.
2. Microcomputers
- It is the small computers that can fit on or beside
a table. Example: Desktop, tower units, laptop,
notebook, iPad, pocket pc’s.
3. Mini Computers or Mid Range Computers
- Are machines midway in cost and capability
between microcomputers and mainframes. They
can be used as single user workstations when
used by system tied with network to several
hundred terminals for many users.
4. Mainframe
- Usually large computers and the oldest category
of computer system. This is a high level
computers designed for the most intensive
computational tasks. These are being used by
large companies to handle millions of
transactions.
5. Super Computers
- Are high capacity machines that require special
air conditioned rooms and are the fastest
calculating devices ever invented and are used
for large scale projects.
 Shareware- software which is initially provided free of
charge to users, who are allowed and encourage to make
and share copies of the program

Multiprocessing- capability of an operating system to

use multiple processors in single computer

Supercomputers- used for scientific research that

involves the manipulation of highly complex
mathematical data and equations

Adware- program designed to send you advertisements,

Key Terms for EmpTech
mostly pop-ups
Media Player- for listening music
Batch Processing- data processing transactions in a
Network- share information and also hardware group or batch

Cybercrime- crime committed or assisted through the Time Sharing- data processing where a single CPU is
use of the internet used by multiple users but the time allocated to all users
might differ
Privacy Policy- tells the user how the website will
handle its data Spam- unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers

Malwares- stands for malicious software Phishing- acquires sensitive personal information like
passwords and credit card details
Virus- a malicious software loaded onto a user’s
computer without the user’s knowledge and perform Freeware- copyrighted software that can be used free of
malicious actions charge

Worm- stand-alone malicious program that self- Bit- smallest unit of information that a computer can
replicates via computer networks – spread rapidly to a process
large number of computers by sending copies of itself to
Commercial Software- copyrighted software that is
other computers
developed, usually by commercial company, for sale to
Trojan- malicious program that is disguised as a useful others.
program but once download or installed, leaves your PC
Operating System- Linux. Windows. IOS
unprotected and allow hackers to get your information.
This is a type of malware that masquerades as something Copyright- section of the law that states the right of the
else. person regarding his own work, and anyone who uses it
without consent is punishable by law
Spyware- program that runs in the background without
you knowing it; has the ability to monitor what you are
current doing and typing through keylogging
Middleware- Software that acts as a bridge between an
operating system or database and application, especially
on a network

Fair use- an intellectual property may be used without

consent as long as it is used in commentaries, criticisms,
search engines, parodies, news reports, research, library
archiving, teaching, and education

VLOOKUP- it is one of spreadsheet functions used

when you need to find things in a table or a range by row
such as corresponding price of an automotive part by the
part number.

Mainframe computer- large computers used in large

enterprises for extensive computing applications that are
accessed by thousands of users

Control Unit- part of the CPU that coordinates its

operations and is used to decode information

Arithmetic Unit. Storage Unit. Control Unit-

components of multimedia elements- Graphics. Text.
Animation. Audio.

Public Domain- software that is not copyrighted and

may be used without restriction

VPN- secure path over the Internet that provides

authorized users a secure means in accessing a private
network via Internet

Mail Merge- use of a computer to produce many copies

of a letter, each copy with a different name and address
stored on file, or a computer program that does this

Real Time Processing- data processing that appears to

take place, or actually take place, instaneously upon data
entry or receipt command

Antivirus- software used to detect and eliminate

computer viruses and other types of malware