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Green Revolution Overview for Class 8

1. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy because it provides livelihood to over half of India's population and contributes significantly to India's GDP. 2. The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding varieties of crops, irrigation projects, and agricultural machinery which increased crop production and helped India become self-sufficient in food grains. Some of the key inputs used were fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. 3. Indian agriculture faces problems of fragmented land holdings, lack of infrastructure and irrigation facilities, and low productivity. The government is trying to address these by promoting contract farming, improving rural infrastructure, and providing subsidies and loans to farmers.

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54 views2 pages

Green Revolution Overview for Class 8

1. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy because it provides livelihood to over half of India's population and contributes significantly to India's GDP. 2. The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding varieties of crops, irrigation projects, and agricultural machinery which increased crop production and helped India become self-sufficient in food grains. Some of the key inputs used were fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. 3. Indian agriculture faces problems of fragmented land holdings, lack of infrastructure and irrigation facilities, and low productivity. The government is trying to address these by promoting contract farming, improving rural infrastructure, and providing subsidies and loans to farmers.

Uploaded by

richman77
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HIRANANDANI FOUNDATION SCHOOL, POWAI

Std. X
Subject: Geography [H.C.G. Paper 2]
Semester II
Worksheet – 2
_______________________________________________________________
1. Why is agriculture called mainstay of the Indian economy? [2]
2. Write a short note on the ‘Green Revolution’. [3]
3. State the inputs used by farmers to increase agricultural productivity
during the Green Revolution. [2]
4. What changes did the introduction of the Green Revolution bring into
Indian agriculture? [2]
5. Explain three problems faced by the Indian agriculture sector in India.
For each problem, mention the remedial measures taken by the
Government of India. [3]
6. How do sub-division and fragmentation of land affect agricultural output?
[2]
7. Why is agricultural productivity low in India as compared to world
standards? [2]
8. Give a reason for each of the following: [16]
a) Rice is grown in alluvial soils which are heavily clayey.
b) The transplantation method of rice cultivation increases
productivity by 40%.
c) Pulses are an important part of the diet of vegetarians.
d) Pulses are cultivated immediately after harvest of cereals.
e) Tea plantations are managed by large multinational companies.
f) Tea is cultivated on hill slopes.
g) Shade trees are grown on tea estates.
h) Ratoon is a popular method of growing sugarcane.
i) Yield in the Japanese method of rice cultivation is higher than in
other methods.
j) Wheat is not grown in the eastern and the extreme southern parts of
India.
k) Rice is transplanted in flooded fields.
l) Ratoon method is economical.
m) Sugarcane is a soil exhaustive and labour-intensive crop.
n) Tea bushes are pruned regularly.
o) The geographical requirements for the cultivation of rice and wheat
are opposite.
p) Cotton is mostly grown in the Deccan region.
9. ‘Commercial / Cash crops are significant for the economy of India’. Give
two reason to explain this statement. [2]
10. Name the products and by-products of sugarcane. [2]
11. Name the type of tea manufactured in India. How is it processed.[2]
12. Which state in India leads in the production of tea? [1]
13. What are rabi and kharif crops? Give an example of each. [2]
14. In what important respect do the climatic conditions for wheat differ
from those for rice? [3]
15. Name two states which are leading producers of wheat. [1]
16. State the conditions of soil and climate suitable for the cultivation
of following crops: [2 marks each]
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Sugarcane
d) Groundnut
e) Pulses
f) Tea
g) Cotton
17. Explain the reason for the following steps in the processing of Tea.
a) Withering
b) Rolling
c) Fermentation [3]
18. Define the terms: [3]
a) Ginning
b) Sliver
c) Oilcake

***End***

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India's agricultural productivity is lower due to factors such as over-reliance on monsoons, inadequate irrigation facilities, poor quality seeds, and insufficient investment in agricultural research and infrastructure. Additionally, socio-economic issues like small landholdings and outdated farming practices contribute to low productivity.

Commercial crops are significant for the Indian economy as they contribute to export earnings and provide raw materials for agro-based industries. They enhance farmers' incomes and create employment opportunities, especially in rural areas where agriculture is the primary livelihood.

India primarily produces Orthodox and CTC (Cut, Tear, Curl) tea. The manufacturing process involves withering, rolling, fermentation, drying, and grading. CTC tea is known for its briskness and strong flavor, ideal for tea bags and preferred in domestic markets, while Orthodox tea retains more flavor nuances suited for international markets.

The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding variety seeds, chemical fertilizers, and advanced irrigation methods, significantly boosting agricultural productivity. These changes transformed food deficit regions into surplus producers, improved food security, and spurred rural development. However, it also led to increased dependence on synthetic inputs, environmental degradation, and socioeconomic disparities.

The ratoon method involves using the stubble of the previous harvest to grow new cane, reducing the costs and labor involved in replanting. It accelerates the growth cycle, leading to earlier harvests and potentially higher yields by utilizing the established root system.

Agriculture is considered the mainstay of the Indian economy because it employs a significant portion of the population, particularly in rural areas, and contributes substantially to the country's GDP. It also supports several ancillary industries like fertilizers and pesticides, thereby playing a crucial role in socio-economic development and ensuring food security.

Wheat requires cool and dry climates for growth, needing moderate temperature and a bright sunshine period at ripening stage. Conversely, rice thrives in hot and humid conditions with standing water, thus requiring higher temperatures and abundant rainfall during its growth period. These contrasting requirements explain the geographical cultivation patterns of these crops in India.

Subdivision and fragmentation of land reduce agricultural efficiency by limiting economies of scale, leading to increased production costs and reduced farm productivity. It hinders mechanization efforts and complicates effective land management practices, ultimately decreasing overall output.

The major problems include land degradation, inadequate irrigation infrastructure, and small landholdings due to land fragmentation. The government has implemented soil conservation programs, expanded irrigation projects, and introduced land consolidation schemes to address these issues. Despite these efforts, challenges remain due to policy execution and regional disparities.

Tea is cultivated on hill slopes because the elevation provides the right climate with ample rainfall and good drainage, preventing waterlogging which can harm the plants. Additionally, slopes facilitate efficient sunlight exposure across tea bushes, crucial for the growth of high quality leaves.

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