NAME:

GRADE/SECTION:
11/12

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY

OF THE HUMAN PERSON
Semester I/II -Week 2
THE VALUE OF DOING PHILOSOPHY

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person – Grade 11/12 Contextualized
Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Week 2: The Value of Doing Philosophy First
Edition, 2020

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 Lesson 1
The Value of Doing Philosophy

MELC:
Realize the value of Philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life. (PPT11/12-
Ib-1.3)
Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from aholistic perspective (PPT11/12-
Ic-1.4)

Objectives: 1. Realize the value of philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life.

2. Identify the difference of simple questions from a philosophical reflection.
3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic
perspective.

Let’s Try
Directions: Carefully read the statement in each number. Choose the correct or best
answer and write only the letter on the space provided.

1. Which statement states philosophical reflection?

A. Am I a good student?
B. Do I look good tonight?
C. How much do I have to spend?
D. Will this shirt fit me?

2. If reflection helps to you to understand yourself and your action better,

then
A. you have to think the consequences of your action if it’s good for everyone.
B. you have nothing to worry about with others’ feelings.
C. you should be contented with your present situation.
D. you should not care for others’ concern.

3. “Man is a rational animal,” is popularized by Socrates, therefore;

A. Mark is an animal. C. he has instinct.
B. he is reasonable. D. All are true

4. Which statement does NOT signify reflection?

A. I think, therefore I exist. C. I am not a good son.
B. I forgive my offender. D. I love chocolate.

5. All can be attributed to act of philosophizing EXCEPT

A. learning experience begins with others.
B. seeking for one’s purpose in life.
C. knowing one’s very own self.
D. searching for the truth.
1
6. Which statement does NOT recognize one’s meaning and purpose in life?
A. Benigno Aquino said, “The Filipino is worth dying for.”
B. Corazon Aquino said, “It is better to die than to live unmeaningful life.”
C. Rodrigo Duterte said, “Death starts when life begins.”
D. St. Lorenzo said, “Even I have a thousand lives, I offer them to Jesus

7. Which should be EXCLUDED?

A. The unexamined life is not worth living. - Socrates
B. By myself, I am nothing and I can do nothing. – Marcel
C. Death is the possibility that ends all possibilities. - Heidegger
D. Man begins to know himself through the things belong to him. – Ortega

8. What would be your first step for a better understanding of the situation?
A. Foresee the possible consequence.
B. Organize & observe the given situation.
C. Identify the nature of the problem.
D. Give a better conclusion.

9. Which line of songs best reflects literal reflection?

A. I believe I can fly.
B. How do I live without you?
C. You look wonderful tonight.
D. Do you know where you’re going to?

10. Which statement reflects deepest reflection?

A. “Of course, war makes me richer.” stated by the Anarchist.
B. “Wow, I am very beautiful!” claimed by a Nihilist.
C. “Yes, God save me.” proclaimed by a Theist.
D. “No, I can’t do it!” said by the Pessimist

2
 Let’s Explore and Discover

Unlocking of Difficulties

• Reflection- an activity of a person that has a willing to examine one’s

thoughts, feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and
experiences.
• Doing Philosophy – it is engaging in philosophical reflection allows us to
develop beneficial skills that we can apply in our day to day situations.

Philosophy has an important role in our lives. We must understand that every
day we encounter situations that require us to think and decide. In this manner, we come
to realize the value of asking some basic questions such as, “What will I wear?”, “What will I
choose?” and the like. In simple sense, the moment we ask artless questions, we are
already doing simple philosophy; because philosophy is about asking questions that may
begin from simplicity to complexity but more importantly it is about finding answers to
whatever question.

. In our previous lesson you learned

about the importance of Holistic perspective
and Partial thinking by distinguishing the
different situation in life
This lesson, you will learn the value of
Doing Philosophy thru a simple questions to
a philosophical reflections that can relate in
your concrete situation in life.

What is reflection?

The very first thing that comes in your mind hearing the word “reflection” is
seeing yourself in the mirror. However instead of seeing your physical appearance,
you must go beyond of it for you to understand the true meaning of reflection –
based on philosophical inquiry. Thus, when you look at the mirror again, you may
ask, “Who am I?” instead of “Do I look good today?” and for you to answer the former
question, you must examine your experiences and disregard the latter one which
focus only on physical traits. What Socrates said, “Know thyself.” - tells us that
reflection is inseparable to human being because it allows him/her to understand
his/her own existence. Furthermore, Rosa Luxemburg said, “Those who do not move
do not notice his chains.”

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How does one engage in reflection?

Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings,

and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences. Everybody can
reflect about anything even at the moment you open your eyes in the morning and
you reflect about your plans for the day. This will lead you to set your goals and
find ways to achieve them.
For example, eating in a restaurant, you may ask yourself simple questions
when you are holding a menu, like: “Is this delicious?”, “Which one should I
choose?”, “Is it cheaper?” It seems that simple action/situation requires simple
reflection.

But reflective philosophy is different, for instance, let’s try to reflect on the
same situation with a deeper way of thinking. Instead of asking those basic
questions, you may ask yourself: “Do I need to eat in the restaurant today?”, “Am I over
spending?”, “Do I need to bring my family with me in the restaurant? “What sort of restaurant
is this?”

Now, it is noticeable that simple questions differ when they are asked with
philosophical reflections. When you focus on simple question, you automatically
eat in the restaurant, but if you apply the philosophical reflection, you will not eat
in the restaurant. Reflection allows you to think deeply of your action and its
consequence (or result, or outcome). Eating in the restaurant would become
meaningful act with an aid of reflection.

Reflection is important to ensure that our actions and decisions are well
thought out and are done with due regard for the effects and consequences on
ourselves, others, and our surroundings. It helps us to understand ourselves and
our actions better. When we reflect, we can judge whether our actions or decisions
are reasonable or not.

(Source: Roberto D. Abella, Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person, Quezon City,
C & E Publication, Inc., 2016, 11-14.)

How to reflect philosophically on a concrete experience?

How do we define experience? It must be a conscious experience, in simple

sense, you must be alive and kicking, you are very aware of what is happening at
the very moment. Every person has different experiences thus experiences differ.
The philosophical reflection can be done through observation, contemplation (or
thinking) and introspection (process of examining your thoughts and feelings) on
the experiences we have in life. Since, Philosophy is a science, it negates hearsay,
mythological, and other imaginative realities. It allows us to understand events
through experiential evidences with the following steps:
1. Identify specific problem/experience/feeling. Describe what happened.
2. Organize and evaluate data. Observe before making a judgment. Gather
evidences. Identify the action done.
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 3. Propose a hypothesis. Give conclusions. This is the “thinking” part. You
analyzed the gathered data. Propose a reasonable meaning of the experiences
based on evidence.
4. Apply the hypothesis. This is the “action” part. Foresee (or anticipate)
consequences. Create a plan on what you will do if these happen. This is another
opportunity for you to gain new experiences; where these will either support or
challenge your hypothesis. The result is for you to acquire deeper understanding
of an experience, in simple word – “learn.”

The Act of Philosophizing

As a rational being, a person is not only capable of becoming conscious of

things outside himself, but he is likewise capable of being conscious of himself.
St Thomas says that a person who possesses an intellectual soul perceives that
he understands. The person’s self-consciousness stems from his being
“introverted” meaning, a person is self-oriented.

The act of philosophizing begins with the self, with one’s life. Asking question
is asking something that affects life one way or another. The self as we all know
though is not perfect. Not all that exists is known to a person. When a person fails
to do something properly, he asks himself how and why he has gone wrong. On
the other hand, if he succeeds in a certain endeavor or activity, just the same he
seeks for its reason.

What one knows is based on how one experiences a thing in its origin. Such
is the principle of phenomenology (Edmund Husserl). There’s nothing that can
substitute the road to experience how to appreciate things. One cannot say
something about something without having experienced that something. To
experience something or someone is to have an encounter with that something or
someone in concrete ways.

The act of philosophizing, therefore, cannot be separated from the very

existence of the person. Philosophy is “man’s search for meaning” (Vitaliano R.
Gorospe. SJ) in life and through the public presence of the other. It is truly
meaningful to know something if it is understood or viewed from one’s experience
rather than look at it separated from one’s person.
In addition, “He who has a WHY to live for can bear almost any HOW.” –
Friedrich Nietzsche reminds us that we have to keep asking questions for us to
know how to live.

5
What is the significance of doing philosophy in our lives?

Engaging in philosophical reflection allows us to develop beneficial skills that

we can apply in our day to day situations. “Man is a rational animal,” as
popularized by Socrates, gives us identity being superior to animals considering
that man and animal have so many similarities. (Rational means intelligent,
thinking, reasonable)
Philosophy enables a person to engage in critical analysis and
interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments, and problems. It helps us to be critical
of our own ideas as well as of others – meaning, we don’t simply accept or reject
whatever is presented to us.
Philosophy also improves our problem-solving and decision-making
abilities. The ability to analyze a problem or dilemma, identify its significant
aspects, and come up with alternative solutions is an important skill learned
through philosophy.
A philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly and
adequately present his/her ideas. Discussions and debate require skill in
presenting and communicating ideas. Philosophy can also help us be more open
to new different ideas. Communication skills are also enhanced by the study of
philosophy because it trains us to be very clear ad precise about thoughts and
sentiments in order to express exactly what we want to say.
Here is another situational activity…
Wisdom is the fruit of philosophizing. It refers to a person’s ability to apply
knowledge to daily life particularly in making sound (good, rational) choices and
judgment.
Lastly, always remember that knowledge of Philosophy can
contribute to self-development. One can be a better student, scientist, artist,
professional and citizen if he/she has the capacity for inquiry, critical thinking,
and reflection. In addition, philosophy encourages person to know oneself,
his/her strength and weakness, establish an identity and determine his/her
purpose in life.

6
 Let’s Practice
Directions: Read the 5 sentences below. Then guess who said the
lines. Refer your answers to the philosophers in the following table
and write them on the spaces before each number

Socrates Vitaliano R. Gorospe. SJ St. Thomas

Rosa Friedrich Nitzsche Thales

Luxemburg

1. “Man is a rational animal.”

2. “Those who do not move do not notice his chains.”
3. “Philosophy is man’s search for meaning.”
4. “He who has a WHY to live for can bear almost any HOW.”
5. “A person who possesses an intellectual soul perceives
that he understands.”

Directions: : Apply your philosophical point of view about life.

Identify whether the statement is opinionated or factual. If the
statement exemplifies or shows opinion, circle O and F if it is a
fact.

O F….[Link] men are equal in all aspects of life.

O F….2. Man by nature is good.
O F.…3. All creatures breathe. Marvin is a creature. Therefore, he breaths.
O F….4. Man is absolutely free.
O F….5. Experience begins outside of the self.
O F….6. The rationality of man lies on his spiritual side.
O F….7. I think therefore I am a rational man.
O F….8. Life without philosophy is not life at all.
O F….9. Everyone reflects his life but not everyone reflects the meaning of his life.
O F….10. An examined life is not worth living.
O F….11. The only value of philosophy in our life is to seek its meaning.
O F….12. Everyone is perfect and equal to the eyes of the Creator.
O F….13. A person ceases (stops) to exist when he ceases to think.
O F….14. A human being is composed of body and spirit.
O F….15. Your existence is valued by everybody.

How does philosophical questions affect in your daily life ?

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 Let’s Do More

Have you been in this situation where you have to choose only one among the options?

Directions: Answer the situation below that align in the principle of

reflection in philosophy. Write your answer in space provided.

Imagine, you were on board, together with your parents and two siblings on the cruise
ship going to Puerto Princesa for a vacation, and suddenly there was an engine explosion
and the ship sank. Who among your four loved ones are you going to save because you
got only one extra life jacket? Why? (3 – 5 sentences will do.)

RUBRICS FOR THIS ACTIVITY

CRITERIA 5 PTS 3 PTS 2 PTS

CONTENT Content is more Content is less Content is less than 1
than 3 sentences than 3 sentences sentence only
RELEVANCE Content is very Content is less Content is irrelevant
relevant relevant

Directions: Answer the following questions with 30-40 words

each and write your answers in the space provided.

1. Define philosophical reflection in your own perspective.

2. Briefly explain the steps of reflection.

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 3. What is the value of doing philosophy in your life as a student?

RUBRICS FOR THIS ACTIVITY

CRITERIA 5 PTS 3 PTS 2 PTS

CONTENT Content is more Content is less Content is less than 10
than 30 words than 30 words words
RELEVANCE Content is very Content is less Content is irrelevant
relevant relevant

Let’s Sum It Up
Directions: Answer the following questions with 40-50 words each and write your
answers in the space provided.

1. What is the relevance of learning philosophy in your day-to-day life?

2. How do you understand your life with an aid of philosophy?

3. What is your “philosophy of life?” How do you apply such philosophy?

RUBRICS FOR THIS ACTIVITY

CRITERIA 5 PTS 3 PTS 2 PTS

CONTENT Content is more Content is less Content is less
than 50 words than 50 words than 30 words
RELEVANCE Content is very Content is less Content is
relevant relevant irrelevant

9
 Let’s Assess
Directions: Carefully read the statement in each number. Choose the correct or best
answer and write only the letter on the space provided.

1. Which statement states philosophical reflection?

A. Am I a good student?
B. Do I look good tonight?
C. How much do I have to spend?
D. Will this shirt fit me?

2. If reflection helps to you to understand yourself and your action better,

then
A. you have to think the consequences of your action if it’s good for everyone.
B. you have nothing to worry about with others’ feelings.
C. you should be contented with your present situation.
D. you should not care for others’ concern.

3. “Man is a rational animal,” is popularized by Socrates, therefore;

A. Mark is an animal. C. he has instinct.
B. he is reasonable. D. All are true

4. Which statement does NOT signify reflection?

A. I think, therefore I exist. C. I am not a good son.
B. I forgive my offender. D. I love chocolate.

5. All can be attributed to act of philosophizing EXCEPT

A. learning experience begins with others.
B. seeking for one’s purpose in life.
C. knowing one’s very own self.
D. searching for the truth.

6. Which statement does NOT recognize one’s meaning and purpose in life?
A. Benigno Aquino said, “The Filipino is worth dying for.”
B. Corazon Aquino said, “It is better to die than to live unmeaningful life.”
C. Rodrigo Duterte said, “Death starts when life begins.”
D. St. Lorenzo said, “Even I have a thousand lives, I offer them to Jesus

7. Which should be EXCLUDED?

A. The unexamined life is not worth living. - Socrates
B. By myself, I am nothing and I can do nothing. – Marcel
C. Death is the possibility that ends all possibilities. - Heidegger
D. Man begins to know himself through the things belong to him. – Ortega

10
8. What would be your first step for a better understanding of the situation?
A. Foresee the possible consequence.
B. Organize & observe the given situation.
C. Identify the nature of the problem.
D. Give a better conclusion.

9. Which line of songs best reflects literal reflection?

A. I believe I can fly.
B. How do I live without you?
C. You look wonderful tonight.
D. Do you know where you’re going to?

10. Which statement reflects deepest reflection?

A. “Of course, war makes me richer.” stated by the Anarchist.
B. “Wow, I am very beautiful!” claimed by a Nihilist.
C. “Yes, God save me.” proclaimed by a Theist.
D. “No, I can’t do it!” said by the Pessimis

11
 References
BOOK

Abella, Roberto D., Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. Quezon City: C & E
Publishing, Inc., 2016.

12
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