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KAS 101: Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

This document contains summaries of key concepts and equations from three units of an Engineering Physics course: 1. Unit 1 discusses relativistic mechanics, including the relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass-energy equivalence, length contraction and time dilation derived from Einstein's postulates and Lorentz transformations. 2. Unit 3 covers quantum mechanics, including derivation of the Schrodinger equation and use to solve for energy eigenstates and wavefunctions of particles in infinite and finite potential wells. 3. Unit 5 focuses on fiber optics and lasers, including the principles of optical fibers, critical angle and numerical aperture, stimulated emission and population inversion required for laser action, and descriptions of ruby and He-Ne laser systems.

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66 views2 pages

KAS 101: Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

This document contains summaries of key concepts and equations from three units of an Engineering Physics course: 1. Unit 1 discusses relativistic mechanics, including the relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass-energy equivalence, length contraction and time dilation derived from Einstein's postulates and Lorentz transformations. 2. Unit 3 covers quantum mechanics, including derivation of the Schrodinger equation and use to solve for energy eigenstates and wavefunctions of particles in infinite and finite potential wells. 3. Unit 5 focuses on fiber optics and lasers, including the principles of optical fibers, critical angle and numerical aperture, stimulated emission and population inversion required for laser action, and descriptions of ruby and He-Ne laser systems.

Uploaded by

Manav Adhana
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Engineering Physics KAS 101T

Unit 1. Relativistic Mechanics

1. Deduce the relativistic velocity addition theorem. Show that it is consistent with Einstein’s
second postulate.
2. Show that the relativistic invariance of the law of conservation of momentum leads to the
concept of variation of mass with velocity.
3. Show that x2+y2+z2-c2t2 or space time interval is invariant under Lorentz transformation.
4. What do you mean by length contraction? Derive it.
5. Derive the expression for time dilation. Show that the time dilatation is real effect.
6. State the fundamental postulates of special theory of relativity and deduce the Lorentz
transformation equations.
7. Obtain Galilean transformation equations. Show that length and acceleration are invariant
under Galilean transformations.
8. Deduce and discuss Einstein mass energy relation. E = mc2. Explain the concept of rest mass of
photon.
9. What is non inertial frame of reference? Is earth an inertial or non-inertial frame of reference?
Justify your answer.
10. What was the objective and outcome of Michelson-Morley experiment? How is negative result
of Michelson Morley Experiment interpreted?

Unit 3. Quantum Mechanics

1. Derive Planck’s law of radiation. How does it explain Wien’s displacement and Rayleigh jeans
law.
2. Give physical interpretation and characteristics of wave function.
3. Derive time independent & time dependent Schrodinger wave equation.
4. A particle is in motion along a line X=0 and X=L with zero potential energy. At point for which
X<0 and X>L, the potential energy is infinite. Solving Schrodinger equation obtain energy eigen
values and Normalized wave function for the particle.
ℎ
5. What is Compton effect? Derive a suitable expression for Compton shift λ’- λ=𝑚 𝑐 (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃).
0
6. State Wien’s displacement law and Rayleigh-jeans law? Write the assumptions of Planck’s
hypothesis.
7. Show that 𝛹(x,y,z,t) = 𝛹(x,y,z,t) e-iwt is a function of stationary state
8. Find the two lowest permissible energy states for an electron which is confined in one
dimensional infinite potential box of width 3.5 x 10-9 m
9. Determine the probability of finding a particle trapped in a box of length L in the region from
0.45L to 0.55L for the ground state.
10. X-rays of Wavelength 2 Å are Scattered from a black body and x-rays are scattered at an angle
of [Link] Compton shift, wavelength of scattered photon λ’.

Unit 5. Fibre Optics and Laser

1. What is the principle of operation of an optical fibre? With the help of well labeled diagram,
name the components of an optical fiber.
2. What do you understand by an optical fibre and discuss its classifications.
3. What do you mean by critical angle, acceptance angle, acceptance cone and numerical
aperture? Derive expression for them.
4. A communication system uses a 25 km long fiber having a loss of 2.5dB/km. The input power is
2500µW, Compute the output power.
5. A step index fibre has core refractive index 1.468, cladding refractive index 1.462. Compute
acceptance angle, critical angle, numerical aperture.
6. Differentiate between spontaneous and stimulated emission of radiation. Which one is required
for laser action? Also explain metastable state, population inversion.
7. What are Einstein’s coefficients? Establish a relation between them. Obtain a relation between
them. Also discuss the essential conditions for laser action.
8. Describe the principle and working of Ruby laser system. Compare it with He-Ne laser.
9. Illustrate the construction and working of He-Ne laser? Discuss important applications of laser.
10. Calculate the population ratio of two states in He-Ne laser that producers light of wavelength
6000A at 300K.

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