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Hormonal Regulation and Disorders Explained

The document discusses how hormones are produced and regulated in the human body. It describes two types of glands, exocrine and endocrine, and how hormones signal between different glands like the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and negative feedback mechanisms play key roles in maintaining hormonal balance.

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Sheryhan Bayle
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4 views1 page

Hormonal Regulation and Disorders Explained

The document discusses how hormones are produced and regulated in the human body. It describes two types of glands, exocrine and endocrine, and how hormones signal between different glands like the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and negative feedback mechanisms play key roles in maintaining hormonal balance.

Uploaded by

Sheryhan Bayle
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

hormones

wbc - immunity (cytokinase)


high/low production of hormones = disorder happens
2 glands - exocrine and endocrine
-> exocrine = excretes secretory products, directly goes to area where it is needed
-> endocrine = ductless glands
peptides = glycoprotein
over/under secretion = lack of regulation hormone
negative feedback mechanism - to maintain balance of production of hormone

anterior pituitary gland - produce t3 and t4 - hormonal stimuli


to be able to release hormones in particular glands, in order for p3 and p4 to
regulate, they need hypothalamus to stimulate anterior pituitary gland

humeral stimuli - refers to hormones released in extracellular fluid e.g blood or


iron
if glucose level is high, pancreas releases insulin, lowers the glucose level in
blood

Neural stimuli - nervous system stimulates glands to release hormone


epinephrine - stress response in adrenal cortex (fight/flight mode)

pituitary gland = master gland


uses info from the brain to secrete/produce hormone where it is needed
hypothalamus releases releasing factor to stimulate the pituitary gland to
stimulate the adrenal gland

hyperfunction can lead to disorders


t3 and t4 = contains iodine atoms, absorption takes place in intestines

thyroid releasing factor - secrete thyroid hormone T4 and T3


pituitary w/ help of thyroid-stimulating hormone to secret more t3 and t4 needed in
our blood
a negative feedback mechanism regulates hormones to maintain balance
low blood = pituitary release stimulating factor
T4 - maintains body metabolism
T3 - potent than T4 (5x stronger) both t3 and t4 maintain body metabolism
thyrocalcitonin - regulates calcium in our bones

too much t3/t4 - hyperthyroidism


secretion not treated causes coma/death

normal regulation of hormones


hypothalamus or anterior pituitary -main problems

adrenal cortex - release steroid hormones


catecholamines - fight or flight hormones -> adrenaline
the hypothalamus will release corticotrophin (adrenal gland)
corticitrophin release to stimulate anterior pituitary gland to release adreno
corticotrophine
ACTH - anterior pituitary gland -> controls regulation

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