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Business Research Process Overview

Business research is a process that aims to reduce organizational risk through planning, acquiring, analyzing, and disseminating relevant data and insights to decision makers. It helps address management dilemmas and factors that stimulate changes in the business environment. Sources of information include decision support systems, business intelligence systems, and an information value chain of data collection, management, interpretation and modeling. Research contributes to strategies and tactics, and influences decision making across managerial hierarchies. The research process involves clarifying questions, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, reporting results, and making management decisions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views4 pages

Business Research Process Overview

Business research is a process that aims to reduce organizational risk through planning, acquiring, analyzing, and disseminating relevant data and insights to decision makers. It helps address management dilemmas and factors that stimulate changes in the business environment. Sources of information include decision support systems, business intelligence systems, and an information value chain of data collection, management, interpretation and modeling. Research contributes to strategies and tactics, and influences decision making across managerial hierarchies. The research process involves clarifying questions, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, reporting results, and making management decisions.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Research in Business (Handout)

Business Research is a process of planning, acquiring, analyzing and disseminating


relevant business data, information, and insights to decision makers in ways that
mobilize the organization to take appropriate business actions that, in turn, maximize
business performance.

The primary purpose of research is to reduce the level of risk of organizational


decision (marketing decision, production decision, pricing decision,…..etc)

Management dilemma: the problem or opportunity that requires a management


decision. Example on management dilemma:

- What is the most profitable price level, should we charge for our new product.
- Should we invest in project a or project b.
- Why the ROE in the banking sector is decreasing while ROE is increasing in
the technology industry.
- And many more……….

Factors which stimulate business research:

The following factors cause changes in the business environment:

• Information overload. While the Internet and its search engines present
extensive amounts of information, its quality and credibility must be
continuously evaluated.

• Technological connectivity. Individuals, public sector organizations, and


businesses are adjusting to changes in work patterns (real-time and global),
changes in the formation of relationships and communities, and the realization
that geography is no longer a primary constraint.

• Shifting global centers of economic activity and competition highlight the


need for organizations to expand their knowledge of consumers, suppliers,
talent pools, business models, and infrastructures with which they are less
familiar.

• Increasingly critical scrutiny (analysis) of big business. The availability of


information has made it possible for all a firm’s stakeholders to demand
inclusion in company decision making.

• More government intervention. As public-sector activities increase in order


to provide some minimal or enhanced level of social services, governments are
becoming increasingly aggressive in protecting their various constituencies by
posing restrictions on the use of managerial and business research tools.
• Battle for analytical talent. The shift to knowledge-intensive industries puts
greater demand on a scarcity of well-trained talent with advanced analytical
skills.

• Computing Power and Speed. Lower cost data collection, better


visualization tools, more computational power, more and faster integration of
data, and real-time access to knowledge are now manager expectations…not
wistful visions of a distant future.

• New Perspectives on Established Research Methodologies. Older tools and


methodologies, once limited to exploratory research, are gaining wider
acceptance in dealing with a wider range of managerial problems.

Information leads to competitive advantage and better

performance. Sources of information:

1) Decision support system (DSS): Numerous elements of data organized for


retrieval and use in business decision making (intranet and extranet).

An intranet is a private network that is contained within an enterprise and is


not available to the public at large. It may consist of many interlinked local
area networks. It typically includes connections through one or more
computers to the Internet. The main purpose of an intranet is to share company
information and computing resources among internal audiences.

An extranet is a private network that uses the Internet protocols and the
public telecommunication system to share an organization’s information, data,
or operations with external suppliers, vendors, or customers. An extranet can
be viewed as the external portion of a company’s intranet.

2) Business intelligence system (BIS): is a system designed to provide manages


with ongoing information about events and trends in technological, economic,
politic, government and legal, demographic, cultural, social, and competitive.

Information value chain:

If we need to collect information about specific characteristics the inspection process


follows the following chain: data collection, data management, decision support
system, data interpretation and model.

Strategy: research also contributes significantly to the strategies, which are those
general approach an organization will follow to achieve its goals.

Tactics: research also contributes significantly to the design tactics, which are those
specific timed activities that execute a strategy.
Hierarchy of information-based decision makers

Top tier: Visionaries

Every decision is guided by


business research.

Firms develop proprietary


methodologies and are
innovative in their
combination of methodologies

Middle tier: standardized decision makers

Some decisions are based on business


research.

Try and error is decision methodology.

Bottom tier: Intuitive Decision Makers

Most decisions based on past experience

Decisions supported with qualitative research


The research process:

Clarifying the research Question Research Proposal

Data collection & preparation Research Design

Data Analysis & Interpretation Research Reporting

Management Decision
Characteristics of good research:

1) Cleary defined purpose.


2) Detailed research process.
3) Thoroughly planned design.
4) High ethical standards.
5) Limitation addressed.
6) Adequate analysis.
7) Unambiguous presentation.
8) Conclusions justified.
9) Credentials.

Types of research:

• Reporting studies provide a summation of data, often recasting data to


achieve a deeper understanding or to generate statistics for comparison.

• A descriptive study tries to discover answers to the questions who, what,


when, where, and, sometimes, how.

• An explanatory study attempts to explain the reasons for the phenomenon


that the descriptive study only observed

• A predictive study attempts to predict when and in what situations an event


will occur. Studies may also be described as applied research or basic
research.

Common questions

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A business intelligence system (BIS) plays a crucial role in shaping organizational strategies by providing ongoing information about events and trends in various fields such as technology, economics, politics, and more. This system aids managers in interpreting complex environments and making informed strategic decisions that align with both current and anticipated market dynamics. By offering a comprehensive view of the competitive landscape and internal operations, BIS facilitates the design of strategies that are responsive to changes and opportunities .

Information overload influences business research by necessitating continual evaluation of the quality and credibility of vast amounts of information available, particularly from online sources. This requires businesses to be more discerning in their research methodologies to ensure the most relevant and accurate data is utilized. Technological connectivity influences business research by facilitating real-time global collaborations, changing work patterns, and diminishing geographical constraints, thus broadening the scope and speed at which research can be conducted .

Challenges from increased government intervention in business research include restrictions on the use of research tools, compliance with regulatory standards, and potential delays in the approval of research methodologies. Businesses may address these challenges by enhancing their regulatory knowledge, investing in compliance resources, adapting methodologies to meet standards, and engaging in proactive dialogue with regulators to stay ahead of policy changes. This approach not only mitigates the risks associated with intervention but also positions businesses as compliant and socially responsible entities .

The characteristics of good research include a clearly defined purpose, a detailed research process, thoroughly planned design, high ethical standards, properly addressed limitations, adequate analysis, unambiguous presentation, justified conclusions, and the credibility of the researchers. These characteristics ensure that research findings are reliable, valid, and useful for decision-making processes. When research is conducted well, it can significantly enhance business performance by providing accurate insights into market trends, consumer behavior, and operational efficiencies, thereby enabling better strategic planning and execution .

Applied research in business focuses on practical problem-solving – addressing specific organizational issues, developing immediate solutions, and enhancing day-to-day business operations. In contrast, basic research is more theoretical, aimed at advancing knowledge and understanding without immediate application, often contributing to the development of new theories or models. While applied research delivers direct business benefits, basic research provides the foundational insights that can lead to innovative solutions and long-term strategic advantages .

Factors stimulating the need for business research include information overload, technological connectivity, shifting global economic centers, critical scrutiny of big businesses, increased government intervention, demand for analytical talent, and advances in computing power. These factors create a dynamic business environment where staying informed and adaptable is crucial. This need for continual analysis and adaptation translates into competitive advantage by allowing organizations to better understand their markets, innovate rapidly, align strategies with regulatory requirements, and leverage data-driven insights for decision-making and strategic positioning .

The hierarchy of information-based decision-makers impacts business research and decision-making by stratifying organizations into tiers based on their reliance on research. Visionaries, at the top tier, utilize business research for every decision, fostering innovative methodologies and comprehensive research integration. The middle tier, standardized decision makers, occasionally rely on research, balancing trial-and-error methods with research insights. At the bottom tier, intuitive decision-makers depend more on past experience, complemented by qualitative research. This hierarchy affects how deeply research is embedded in decision-making processes, influencing the overall strategic agility and risk management of an organization .

The battle for analytical talent affects an organization's research capabilities by creating a scarcity of individuals with advanced skills necessary for conducting in-depth analyses. This scarcity can limit the effectiveness of an organization's research, impacting its ability to leverage data for competitive advantage and informed decision-making. Organizations may struggle to employ or retain skilled analysts in knowledge-intensive industries, hindering their ability to execute complex research methodologies that can address managerial problems efficiently .

The evolution of computing power and speed significantly raises the expectations of business managers for more efficient data collection, advanced analytics, and immediate access to insights. Managers now expect seamless integration of data sources and the ability to perform complex analyses quickly, necessitating the use of sophisticated data visualization tools and real-time decision support systems. These capabilities allow managers to react promptly to market changes, refine strategies swiftly, and optimize operational efficiencies, resulting in more agile and competitive organizations .

A decision support system (DSS) and an extranet collaborate by integrating internal and external data sources to enhance business decision-making processes. A DSS organizes data for retrieval and analysis, facilitating informed decision-making within an organization. An extranet extends this functionality by allowing data sharing with external stakeholders such as suppliers, vendors, or customers. This integration enables more comprehensive and coordinated decision-making that benefits from a broader range of inputs, ultimately improving the quality, speed, and effectiveness of decisions made .

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