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Dependent Prepositions Guide

The document discusses dependent prepositions that are used with certain verbs, nouns, adjectives and prepositional phrases in English. It provides two lists of examples - one for verbs followed by a direct object and prepositional phrase, and one for nouns followed by a preposition and noun or gerund. Many English words require specific prepositions that depend on the meaning of the word. For instance, verbs like "agree" are followed by "with" someone about something, while nouns like "effect" take the preposition "of".
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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
60 views2 pages

Dependent Prepositions Guide

The document discusses dependent prepositions that are used with certain verbs, nouns, adjectives and prepositional phrases in English. It provides two lists of examples - one for verbs followed by a direct object and prepositional phrase, and one for nouns followed by a preposition and noun or gerund. Many English words require specific prepositions that depend on the meaning of the word. For instance, verbs like "agree" are followed by "with" someone about something, while nouns like "effect" take the preposition "of".
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dependent prepositions patterns

Academic Skills Centre (03) 364 2314


University of Canterbury [Link]

In the English language there are many verbs, nouns and adjectives which are followed by specific
prepositions. The prepositions are called dependent because their choice depends on the particular word
and its meaning.
Prepositional verb and object + preposition + object
agree about sth with sb depend on sb/sth for sth
agree with sb about/over sth disagree with sb about/over sth
apologise to sb for sth quarrel with sb about/over sth
complain about sth to sb rely on sb/sth for sth
complain to sb about sth (sb =somebody; sth = something)

Verb and direct object + preposition + indirect object


(* These verbs can also follow the pattern: verb + direct object + preposition + ing form)
accuse sb of sth* deprive sb of sth rid sb of sth
acquit sb of sth describe sth to sb rob sb of sth
advise sb against sth* discuss sth with sb save sb/sth from sth
advise sb of sth explain sth to sb starve sb of sth
aim sth at sb help sb with sth steal sth from sb
arrest sb for sth* lend sth to sb stop sb from –ing
beat sb at sth* make sth for sb strip sb of sth
blame sb for sth* persuade sb of sth supply sb with sth
blame sth on sb praise sb for sth* supply sth for/to sb
bother sb with sth present sb with sth suspect sb of sth
compensate sb for sth* present sth to sb throw sth at sb (=in order to hit
congratulate sb for sth* prevent sb from –ing them)
( US English) protect sb from sth throw sth to sb (=in order for them
congratulate sb on sth* provide sb with sth to catch it)
convict sb of sth* provide sth for sb warn sb about/against sth*
convice sb of sth reassure sb of sth welcome sb to sth
criticise sb for sth release sb from sth
cure sb of sth rescue sb from sth

Noun + preposition + noun/ing form


(* These nouns can only follow the pattern: noun + preposition + noun)
advantage of/in effect of prelude to
aim of/in excitement about/at problem of/in
amazement at expense of proof of
anger about/at fear of prospect of/for
annoyance about/at gratitude for purpose of/in
answer to* hope of question about/of
anxiety about idea of reason for
apology for increase in* relationship with
attack on increase of (+ quantity) satisfaction with
awareness of insistence on sequel to
belief in insurance against solution to*
boredom with interest in success in
craving for job of surprise at
damage to* lack of task of
danger of/in matter of taste for
decrease of (+ quantity) matter with* thought of
decrease in* method of way of
delay in objection to work of
delay of (+ duration) pleasure of/in worry about
demand for* point of/in
difficulty in possibility of
Adjective + preposition
(* These adjectives can also be followed by to + infinitive)

Source: Foley, M. & Hall, D. (2003). Advanced Learner’s Grammar. Harlow, Essex: Longman.
2

absent from dependent on made of (+original material which is


still accustomed to devoid of visible)
addicted to different from/to nervous of
afraid of* different than (US English) obedient to
amazed at/by disgusted with/at obvious to
angry, annoyed*, furious* eager* for opposed to
at/about (+ the cause of engaged* in (= working pleased at/about
this feeling in/involved in) (+ something general,
angry, annoyed, furious with engaged to (= promised to e.g. your recovery/the
(+ the person who caused marry) the inflation figures)
this feeling) excited* about pleased with (+ something
anxious about (= feel faithful to personal, e.g. my exam
nervous/worried about famous for results/my new jacket)
sb/sth) fed up with popular with
anxious* for (= waiting fond of prone to
impatiently for sth) fraught with proud of*
ashamed* of glad for (=pleased for sb) ready* for
astonished at/by glad of (=grateful for sth) related to
available for (+ purpose) good at/for/to ( bad) reminiscent of
available to (+ person) grateful for (+ the cause of responsible for
aware of this feeling) riddled with
bad/food at (+ ability) grateful to (+ the person scared of
bad/good for (= effect on who caused this feeling) shocked at
health) guilty of short of
bad/good to (= behaviour harmful to similar to
towards/treatment of the hopeful of sorry* about (+ the cause of
object) impervious to this feeling)
based on impressed with/by sorry for (+ the person you
bored with inclined towards feel sympathy towards)
capable of incumbent upon subject to
characteristic of inherent in successful in
close to intent on sufficient for
concerned about (=worried interested* in suitable for
about) jealous of superior to
concerned with (= involved keen* on sure of
in) kind to terrified of
conducive to lacking in tired of
confident of late for typical of
content* with made by (+ the upset about/by/over (+ the
contrary to person/company who cause of this feeling)
convenient for produced it) upset with (+ the person
conversant with made for (+ its purpose) who caused this feeling)
crazy* about made from (+ original worried about
crowded with material which has been worthy of
curious* about transformed) wrong with
deficient in

Source: Foley, M. & Hall, D. (2003). Advanced Learner’s Grammar. Harlow, Essex: Longman.

Common questions

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The use of prepositions in verb patterns often indicates an action's target or aim, such as 'blame sb for sth' or 'depend on sb/sth for sth', whereas in adjective patterns, prepositions frequently denote states, attitudes, or relationships, like 'afraid of' or 'fond of' . For example, 'accustomed to' highlights habituation in adjectives but 'apologise to' indicates direction in verbs . Prepositional use thus varies based on whether the primary function is to describe an action or a state, determining the correct context and structure for sentences .

Effective strategies for learners to acquire correct prepositional use in verb patterns include: 1) using flashcards with verb-preposition pairs to aid memorization, 2) engaging in practice exercises that focus on sentence construction using these pairs, 3) employing spaced repetition techniques to reinforce learning over time, 4) immersing in language through reading and listening to English media to see patterns in context, and 5) keeping a personal language journal to track and correct instances of preposition usage. These methods help in internalizing the correct patterns by contextual exposure and constant practice .

Learners might face challenges in mastering verb and object + preposition patterns due to the non-intuitive nature of their combinations in English. Each verb often pairs with specific prepositions based on meaning rather than grammatical rule uniformity, which requires memorization and contextual understanding. For instance, 'blame sb for sth' vs. 'blame sth on sb' use different prepositions but convey complementary meanings . Additionally, these patterns vary across languages, which can lead to interference from the learner's native language prepositional usages, adding complexity to the learning process .

Prepositions play a pivotal role in expressing relationships and actions in English grammar by linking nouns, verbs, adjectives to other words, thereby specifying directions, locations, time, and modes of actions. They help articulate details regarding where an action occurs, its cause, and its means. For instance, using 'object to' expresses opposition towards something, while 'responsible for' assigns duty or accountability, effectively communicating the action's involvement and intent . This structural role makes them indispensable in conveying nuances of meaning and relationship in sentences .

Preposition usage influences the clarity and precision of academic writing significantly as it establishes clear relationships between ideas and ensures the intended meaning is conveyed accurately. Misuse or incorrect placement of prepositions can lead to ambiguity or misinterpretation of the text. Well-structured prepositional use reflects a writer's command over detail and logical coherence. For example, ensuring correct use like 'rely on' or 'depend on' helps specify the source of dependency clearly . Academic writing often demands precision and specificity, making the correct use of prepositions a critical skill for effective communication .

The meanings of adjectives can change significantly when combined with different prepositions, which can alter or specify the context. For example, 'angry with' generally refers to being upset with a person, while 'angry at' might imply anger towards an event or situation . Similarly, 'good for' suggests a positive effect on health or condition, 'good with' refers to competence in handling something, 'good at' indicates proficiency or skill in an activity, and 'good to' refers to kind treatment towards someone . Understanding these nuances is crucial for precise communication.

Prepositions affect the meaning and construction of expressions in English by defining the relationship between words, thereby influencing meaning. They convey nuances that differentiate similar expressions; for example, 'believe in' signifies faith or trust, while 'believe about' relates to a belief concerning a topic . Prepositions also influence grammatical coherence and fluidity; strategic use, such as 'supply sb with sth' versus 'supply sth for/to sb', subtly shifts focus between the beneficiary and the item supplied . Thus, prepositions are key in constructing clear, specific expressions that preserve the intended meaning.

Using nouns with prepositions is significant as it helps to link nouns to their corresponding activities, feelings, or objects, thereby providing clarity and context in communication. For instance, 'interest in' refers to curiosity about a subject, whereas 'increase in' indicates a rise in number or amount related to a specific subject . Misusing these prepositional phrases can lead to misinterpretation, confusion, or vagueness in communication, as the prepositions define the relationship or effect of the nouns within the sentence structure .

Understanding dependent preposition patterns is essential in learning English grammar because many verbs, nouns, and adjectives are followed by specific prepositions that depend on their meaning. This knowledge helps in constructing grammatically correct and meaningful sentences, as the choice of prepositions can alter the meaning. For instance, different verbs and expressions such as 'depend on,' 'complain about,' and 'rely on' require these specific prepositions to convey the intended meaning accurately .

Verb-preposition patterns can differ between British and American English, especially in terms of the prepositions used and the context they apply to. For example, the use of 'different from/to' is more common in British English, while 'different than' is often seen in American English . Moreover, expressions like 'congratulate sb for' in US English versus 'congratulate sb on' are instances where the same verb conveys slightly different meanings, reflecting dialectal influences in preposition usage .

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