Water Tank Design And Crack Width Calculation
3.6
3.2
Data Given
Φ = 35 degree γw = 10 kN/m3 Ka = 1- SinΦ
0.27099
γs = 18 kN/m3 γsub = 8 kN/m3 1+ SinΦ
Ka = 0.5
fck = 30 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
2.5 28.8
Soil Pressure = Ka * γs * h = 28.8 kN/m2
Surcharge Pressure = Ka * q = 2.5 kN/m2
Water Pressure = γw * h = 30 kN/m2
Upward Water Press. = γw * h = 30 kN/m2
Notation Pressure Force Moment Fac. Moment Final Moment
kN/m2 kN kN.m kN.m kN.m
Soil 28.8 46.08 48.66048 72.99072
92.19072
Surcharge 2.5 8 12.8 19.2
Water 30 45 44.55 66.825
66.825
Upward Water 30 45 44.55 66.825
Ast Calculation at Soil Side
Effective Depth (d) = (Mu / 0.133 * fck * b )^0.5
d = 152.0047 mm
Assuming Clear cover of = 30 mm
Diameter of bar = 16 mm
Total Depth (D) = 190.0047 mm
Provided (D) = 200 mm
Provided Effective Depth d = 162 mm
b*d
Area of Steel at Soil Side = 0.5 * fck
fy [ 1- [ 1- ((4.6 * Mu)/fck b d2) ] ]
Ast Required at soil side = 1558.897057 mm2
Assuming Dia. Of bar = 16 mm Spacing = 129 mm
Provided Spacing = 125 mm
Ast Provided at Soil Side = 1608.495 mm2
Ast Calculation at Water Side
Effective Depth (d) = (Mu / 0.133 * fck * b )^0.5
d = 129.4145 mm
Assuming Clear cover of = 30 mm
Diameter of bar = 12 mm
Total Depth (D) = 165.4145 mm
Provided (D) = 200 mm
Provided Effective Depth d = 164 mm
b*d
Area of Steel at Soil Side = 0.5 * fck
fy [ 1- [ 1- ((4.6 * Mu)/fck b d2) ] ]
Ast Required at Water side = 1049.0117541 mm2
Assuming Dia. Of bar = 12 mm Spacing = 108 mm
Provided Spacing = 90 mm
Ast Provided at Water Side = 1256.637 mm 2
Calculation Of Crack Width
W = 3 * acr * εm
1 + 2 ((acr - Cmin)/(D-Xu))
Calculation of Nutral Axis (Water Side)
0.5 * b * Xu2 = m * As * (d - Xu) Modular ratio m = 280
3 * σcbc
0.5 * 1000 * Xu2 = 9.33 * 1117 * (132 - Xu)
For fck = 30 σcbc = 10
500 Xu 2
= -11728.6 Xu + 1923492.462
m = 9.333333
Xu 2
= -23.4572 Xu + 3846.985 d = 164 mm
As = 1256.637 mm2
= Xu2 + 23.45723 Xu - 3846.985
a = 1 b = 23.45723 c = -3846.985
Root 1 = -74.8519 Root 1 = 51.39464
Xu = 51.39464 mm
Calculation of Stress and Strain (Water Side)
Now for Leverarm Z = d - Xu Z = 147 mm
3
Stress In steel = Mu Stress = 243.8227 N/mm2
Z * AS
Strain In Steel = fc = 2 * Mu = 11.923291
Z * b * Xu
Calculation of Average Strain in Flexure
ε2 = b * (D -Xu) * (a' - Xu) b = ### mm a' = 200 mm
3 * Es * As * ( d - Xu) D = 200 mm Es = 200000 N/mm2
Xu = 51 mm As = 1256.637 mm2
ε2 = 0.00026 d = 164 mm
11.92329
σs = 244 * (114 + 30 + 10)
113
51
= 322 N/mm 2
ε1 = σs ε1 = 0.001609
Es 164
113
εm = 0.001349 149 243.8227
321.7729581704
Calculation of Acr
90
36
Acr = 57.62812 mm
Calculation of Crack Width
W = 0.169977 mm < 0.2 mm O.K.
W = 3 * acr * εm
1 + 2 ((acr - Cmin)/(D-Xu))
Pressure Calculation at toe and heel (Soil Side only)
5
1
4
γs = 18 kN/m3
γc = 25 kN/m3
3.6
3 3.2
61.5
0.25
2
B A
0.8 0.2 1.5
1.25
No. Force Force eccentricity Moment Sign
kN (m) kN.m
1 3.6 X 0.2 X 25 18 0.35 6.3
2 2.5 X 0.4 X 25 15.625 0 0
3 3.2 X 18 X 0.8 46.08 0.85 39.168
4 5 X 0.8 4 0.85 3.4
83.705 Total 48.868
Moment due to Earth Pressure
No. Force Force eccentricity Moment Sign
kN (mm) kN.m
1 - - - 61.46048
Net Moment = 12.59248 kN.m
Net Force = 83.705 kN
Area of the tank = 2.5 mm2 2.5 * 1
Z = 1.041667 mm3 2.5² / 6
Pressure at A = P + M = 45.57078 kN/m2
A Z
Pressure at B = P - M = 21.39322 kN/m2
A Z
21 Pressure Diagram 21
24
Cases 1 to 4
Cases 1
2.5
Interpolation
21 Pressure Diagram 21
= 29.1300389 kN/m2
45.6
0.8 24
Pressure Diagram - 1
0.8
Interpolated Pressure
21 Pressure Diagram 21
diagram at the face of
29.1 0.8m from wall
7.74
Pressure Diagram - 2
3.2
62.6
0.8
10
C.G. of the Area = 0.420418 From Face of wall
of Pressure Diagram -2
Moment due to = 8.496352 kN.m
Pressure Diagram
Moment due to = 23.232 kN.m
UDL
Net moemnt at face = 14.73565 kN.m (Tension at top of the face)
of toe (Clockwise moment
assumed as possitive)
Shear Stress = 29.8707 kN
Case - 2
1
γs = 18 kN/m3
1
γw = 10 kN/m3
γc = 25 kN/m3
45
3.6 3
3 30
2
0.25
0.8 0.2 1.5
2.5
No. Force Force eccentricity Moment Sign
kN (mm) kN.m
1 3.6 X 0.2 X 25 18 0.35 6.3
2 2.5 X 0.4 X 25 15.625 0 0
3 30 X 1.5 45 0.5 22.5
78.625 Total 16.2
Moment due to Earth Pressure
No. Force Force eccentricity Moment Sign
kN (mm) kN.m
1 - - - 44.55
Net Moment = 28.35 kN.m
Net Force = 78.625 kN
Area of the tank = 2.5 mm2
Z = 1.041667 mm3
Pressure at A = P + M = 4.234 kN/m2
A Z
Pressure at B = P - M = 58.666 kN/m2
A Z
0.8
4.23 4.23
`` 58.666
21.65224 54
1
3
0.8
10
0.8
4.23 4.23
`` 22
17
C.G. of the Area = 0.310283 From Face of wall
of Pressure Diagram -2
Moment due to = 3.212826 kN.m
Pressure Diagram
Moment due to = 3.2 kN.m
UDL
Net moemnt at face = -0.01283 kN.m (Tension at top of the face)
of toe (Clockwise moment
assumed as possitive)
Shear Stress = 2.354496 kN
Case - 3
1
γs = 18 kN/m3
γw = 10 kN/m3
1
γc = 25 kN/m3
45
0 3
3 6.25
2
0.25
0.8 0.2 1.5
2.5
1.5
21
21
`` 45.571
24
31.06424
1.5
6.25
1.5
31 31.1
`` 46
14.5
C.G. of the Area = 0.702677 From Face of wall
of Pressure Diagram -2
Moment due to = 40.38723 kN.m
Pressure Diagram
Moment due to = 7.03125 kN.m
UDL
Net moemnt at face = 33.35598 kN.m (Tension at bottom of the face)
of toe (Clockwise moment
assumed as possitive)
Shear Stress = 48.10127 kN
Case - 4
1
γs = 18 kN/m3
γw = 10 kN/m3
γc = 25 kN/m3
45
3.6 3
3 30 kN/m
2
0.25
6.25 kN/m
(
0.8 0.2 1.5
2.5
0.8 1.5
4.23 4.23
`` 58.666
21.65224 54
26.0068
1.5
26 26.007
`` 59
32.659
C.G. of the Area = 0.75 From Face of wall
of Pressure Diagram -2
Moment due to = 53.75205 kN.m
Pressure Diagram
Moment due to = 35.75 kN.m
UDL
Net moemnt at face = 18.00205 kN.m (Tension at bottom of the face)
of toe (Clockwise moment
assumed as possitive)
Shear Stress = 54.1296 kN
Ka * γs * h
0 fck
30 ZZ
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
0.4264235636 0.27
1.5735764364
0.2709900541
0.5
mm2
Under ground Water Tank Stadd delfection shape Comparision
U.G. Tank length difference of Z direction wall
Properties = 130 mm Plate thickness Support = Fixed Support
Load = Hydrostatic load of bottom 30 kN/m2 and top 0 kN/m2
Width = 5000 mm
Height = 3000 mm
Length 10 m Length 25m Length 40m
Result = Deflected Getting reduced (Straight) in long direction as length increases
Plate Stress Comparision in My Direction
My Plate Stress in 10m
My Plate Stress in 25m
My Plate Stress in 40m
Result = In 10m heiighest negative stress is more different than 25m and 40m Negative stress
