Colegio De Sta. Lourdes of Leyte Foundation Inc.

Barangay 1 Quezon Tabontabon, Leyte

ENGLISH 11: COMMUNICATION FOR SOCIETY (Purposive Communication)

Module No. 11 Persuasive Speaking in Private and Public Institutions
November 29- December 3, 2021
Date of Submission: December 6, 2021

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 know how to create a solid argument;
 understand several logical fallacies and how to spot them; and
 give persuasive speeches with excellent logical reasoning and argumentation.
ACTIVITYLOG

Input
Starter
Covid-19 Reminders
Focused Discussion
Assessment
Self-Evaluation
Enrichment
Point of Clarification

INPUT

Starter
Your safety is top priority during this COVID-19. Observe the following safety pre-cautions
Safety Pre-Cautions
Sanitize hands on the way in and on the way out
Don’t touch your face
Wear a face mask at minimum when in the home doing any work
Limit interactions with the home
Don’t touch anything that you don’t need to
Maintain separation distance from others
Carry disinfectants such as sanitizers, alcohols and etc.
below.

Focused Discussions

Chapter 2| Lesson 1: The Importance of Persuasive Speech

In this day and age, it seems that everybody is trying to persuade everybody else.
Whether it is in order to buy a specific product, try out the newest craze, or join a political
movement, persuasion is the name of the game. Whatever field of profession one plans to
join in the future, it is an essential skills to be able to persuade someone. Although most

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people nowadays, try to persuade using emotional means, it is best to be able to use logic
and reasoning to persuade people as well.

The Basics of Argumentation

The ordinary expectation of an argument is an action that involves strong words,

possibly matched with violent acts. However, this appreciation cannot be farther from the
truth. In fact, a well-reasoned argument is not based on on violence at all, but one that is
based on logic and evidence.

An argument is composed of three features:

 assumptions
 evidence
 explanation
If any of the three features are missing, these are not considered arguments. In the
case of assumptions without evidence, these are merely opinions. In the case of evidence
without assertions, these are simply bald facts that need further contextualization.
Unfortunately, most people believe that if you have one of these features, one can create a
compelling argument.

One must know what an assumption is. An assumption is an opinion that needs
evidence to back it up. Hence, saying that the world is round is not an assumption, it is a
fact. It is not an opinion that asks for evidence, because it has already been proven and is
considered to be true by all accounts. However, the opinion that women should be given the
right to an abortion is an assertion that needs facts to support it. To do so, would be to look
at laws, jurisprudence, and documents from the United Nations, or similar institutions. There
are times when there can be shifts in ideology, rendering what were once considered facts
into matters of opinion and vice versa.

For example, the belief that all states should respect human rights used to be
considered a fact in the Philippines. However, with the election of President Rodrigo Duterte,
for some people, this is now considered a matter of opinion, as human rights have been
framed as a Western concept that has no relationship to Philippine realities. Both of these
assertions have their merits, and it is now important to closely look at the evidence in order
to see which assertion is more correct than the other.

Evidence can be any of the following: concrete facts and figures; a philosophical
ideology agreed upon to be true by everyone; and anecdotal evidence. The strongest bodies
of evidence are based on facts and figures, and it is important to that they are true and come
from reliable sources. One cannot expect to get facts from memes, dodgy, blogs, and fake
news sources. It is the best to get facts form newspapers and academic journals, or their
digital counterparts. The weakest among the three would be anecdotal evidence, as this can
be an exaggeration of the speaker, or even an outright lie.

An explanation tells the audience why the evidence supports the assumption. It
should be clear and concise, and the relationship between the evidence and the assumption
must not commit any logical fallacies. For example, when it comes to the earlier assumption,
that all states should observe human rights for its citizens, the fact that this is enshrined in
the United Nations Commission for Human Rights (UNCHR) might not be enough for some
people. Therefore, in order to be more persuasive, one must be explain where this came

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from, that it was a post-World War II measure to ensure that the evils of the Nazi Holocaust
would not be repeated in the world. A stronger explanation would go to the premises of the
argument and analyze this point by point, in order to make the audience fully understand the
argument. In the end, an argument’s persuasive power is not found solely on logical
grounds. It is important to remember that one is trying to convince human beings with
emotions, and not cold, unfeeling robots, which is why it is always best to add the
persuasive powers of pathos and ethos in an argument, aside from those that stem from
logos.

EXAMPLE:

“On Women’s Right to the Suffrage,”

Susan B. Anthony

“Friends and fellow citizens: I stand before you tonight under indictment for
the alleged crime of having voted at the last presidential election, without having a
lawful right to vote. It shall be my work this evening to prove to you that in thus
voting, I not only committed no crime, but, instead, simply exercised my citizen’s
rights, guaranteed to me and all United States citizens by the National Constitution,
beyond the power of any state to deny.

The preamble of the Federal Constitution says:

“We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union,
establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense,
promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our
posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male
citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to
give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the
half of our posterity, but to the whole people—women as well as men. And it is a
downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty
while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this
democratic-republican government—the ballot.”

1200L/FK 10.7 Source: [Link]

Lesson 2: Persuasive Speech in Private Institutions

Corporations and private institutions rely on persuasion in order to get investments,

broken deals, and final clients. Persuasion comes, not just in the words that are used, but
also with snappy audio-visual presentations and infectious music. It can be dead serious, as
in corporate negotiations, or seriously fun, as in marketing products and pitching projects.

In this lesson, you will learn how to use persuasion in marketing, pitching, and
creating buzzworthy events. Although this can be primarily used by Business and

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Advertising majors, it can also be used by anyone who is interested in putting up a business
someday, pitching a product to fund, or getting something off the ground. It would also be
helpful in other professions, because these skills can come in handy someday.

Pitching a Project

Many times, people need to look for funding sources to make good ideas grow and
develop. When the Internet first boomed in the 1990s, many start-ups, or up and coming
web-related companies, were able to get investments from Silicon Valley and beyond.
Although this tapered off when the dot-com bubble burst in the 2000s, this is still the case
when it comes to people who have good ideas and need to look for investors to make
business ideas grow.

Nowadays, the internet has created sophisticated platfroms for people to pitch their
projects so that people who are interested in helping out can easily invest with a click of a
buttom. The most well-known platform for this is Kickstarter, and the pitches are made by
uploading videos to the website. Given here are a few Kickstarter projects that the class can
view and discuss, and will help as models for the students before they make their own
video / audio-visual pitch.

Read “Effective Persuasive Communication” by Ellie Williams from the Chron website, given
here: [Link]
(retrived June 15, 2017).

Watch the Kickstarter pitch here:

[Link]
ref=home_popular (retrived June 15, 2017).

[Link] (retrived
June 15, 2017).

[Link]
camera?ref=home_popular (retrived June 15, 2017).

[Link] (retrived June 15, 2017).

Lesson 3: Persuasive Speech in Public Institutions

Persuasive speeches in public institutions are important in government and in our

way of life. They affect public policy and establish laws that citizens should follow and obey.
These can also be made to change existing laws and norms that are problematic. It is also
possible to make persuasive speeches in the public sphere without being part of the
government, as an advocacy to influence the people and to sway those in government, or a
way of expressing outrage and airing public grievances.

When people have no recourse in the government, they usually bring their cause to
the streets. Martin Luther King, Jr. Malcolm X, and Gandhi are prominent examples, as well
as Maria Lorena Barros and Baltazar “Bal” Pinguel in the Philippines. Whether one is
speaking for or against the government, persuasive speech in the public sphere is an
important component of daily life, and an important sign of a vibrant democracy.

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Watch the speech at this address:
[Link] (retrieved June 15, 2017).

[Link] (retrieved June 15, 2017).

[Link] (retrieved June 15, 2017).

[Link] (retrieved June 15, 2017).

ASSESSMENT

Learning Task:
Planning Your Speech for the Class

1. Start planning your speech in class, with the topic grounded in modern day
politics and current events. The following issues can be chosen, although the
class should not be limited by this list, you can add topics you are interested
in.
 Piracy
 Federalism
 Authoritarianism
 Child Brides
 Martial Law
 Slut Shaming
 Rape Culture
 Death Penalty
 Domestic Violence
 Anti-Drug Campaign
 Anti-Discrimination Bill
 Reproductive Health Law
 Lowering Criminal Age to 9 Years Old
 Anti- Violence Against Women (AVAM)
 Revisionist History of the Marcoses

2. Your speech must answer the following questions:

 What is the purpose of your speech?
 What is the overall effect you want to achieve?
 What do you think would make a good introduction, evidence, and
conclusion?
 What particular logic or reasoning do you have when it comes to
answering the question?
 What emotional appeal do you want to create when it comes to your
speech?

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  What is it about you, your religion, or your social or family background
that can be used when it comes to giving you greater ethos, or
credibility, when it comes to your speech?

3. Make sure that all the preparations made in this lesson are incorporated in the
speech, such as an introduction, evidence, and conclusion; the use lf logos,
pathos, and ethos; the use of wisely chosen words; and adequate evidence to
prove your point.

4. When read aloud, the speech should last from 1-3 minutes.

5. For each paragraph, place the key words or phrases in one index card that
should help you remember what you wrote.

6. Remember the lessons from Chapter 1 and adjust your speech according to
the following:

 The audience and their filed of experience

 The kind of language to use according to your audience
 The message and the feedback coming from the audience

7. Be conscious of your posture. Do not slouch or look at the floor.

8. Be conscious of your hand gestures. Strive for a happy balance of meaningful

hand gestures and poise.

9. Be conscious of your body language. Avoid crossing your arms too much or
niching toward the back. Try to be more open with your gestures.

10. Be conscious of your eye contact. Try to make eye contact with at least three
people you fell comfortable with.

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Rubrics and Feedback on the Public Speaking Activity

Your speech will be evaluated using the following rubric. Perfect

score is 100%, passing score is 75%. Your teacher will also write
comments about your speech.

Criteria Excellent Average Below Average

Matter includes The speech is The speech is
The speech is not
logic, credible logical and the reasonable. Not all
logical, not credible,
sources, and explainations are of the evidence
and not reasonable.
evidence. coherent and provided can be
There are few
reasonable. All of considerate arguments
40% of Overall the evidence comes credible, some
forwarded, most of
Grade from credible come from
them are assertions
sources, such as obviously biased
without any
SCORE: newspapers and sources. evidence.
__________ academic journals. Expalinations are
Score Range: 35 to vague and hard to
Score Range: 36 to 30 follow. There are no
40 credible sources.

Score Range: 29 to
25
Manner includes The speech is The speech is The speech is
persuasive ability, extremely effective and makes rendered ineffective
posture, eye persuasive because the audience because of the
contact, hand of its emotional consider the points weak words and
gestures, and appeal and the made. There is manner of the
effectiveness in the speaker seems very some general speaker. The
use of one’s voice. credible. The awkwardness, but speaker’s posture,
speaker also uses these do not affect voice, or points do
40% of Overall effective hand the overall not inspire
Grade gestures, eye persuasiveness of confidence. There
contact, and the the speech. Voice may be no to little
SCORE: speaker’s voice quality and eye eye contact, and the
carries the message contact maybe voice can be too
________ in an effective strong at times, but soft sometimes
manner. this is not consistent almost
throughout. indecipherable.
Score Range: 36 to
40 Score Range: 35 to Score Range: 29 to
30 25

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 Criteria Excellent Average Below Average
Method includes theThe speech is The speech is The speech
organization of theorganized clearly, organized and there disoraganized and
speech and theand transitional is some good use of hard to follow.
clarity of themarkers (the use of transitional markers. Assumptions are
arguments. words such as, The arguments may supported by
“however, contradict at times, problematic, false,
20% of Overall nevertheless, and but these are not or downright wrong
Grade but, among others) enough to ruin or evidence.
are used effectively really negatively Explainations are
SCORE: in the speech. All affect the speech. hard to understand.
_______ arguments are Some parts seem Very few transitional
clearly connected disconnected from markers. Speech is
and they all fall the speech, but hard to understand
under the general overall, there is a from beginning to
thesis statement of general unity in the end.
the speaker. speech.
Score Range: 10 to
Score Range: 17 to Score Range: 13 to 12
20 16
TOTAL SCORE: Teacher’s Teacher’s Teacher’s
Comments to Comments to Comments to
____________ improve Matter: Improve Manner: improve Method;

NOTE TO STUDENTS:

THE ART OF PERSUASION

1. You should prepared to give a speech either advocating for a cause or hoping to
persuade the audience about an issue. In this learning module you will only submit your
written speech following the steps given. The speech should be 1 t0 3 minutes long. If the
speech is any shorter or longer than the prescribed time, there will be points taken away
form your score.

2. The final exam for this subject may be either informative or persuasive speech. The
speech must be memorized. Make a short speech about any of the following topics provided

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above. You are allowed to prepare ahead of time for your speech but you’ll need to submit it
only in the scheduled final exam.

3. The rubric will be used to grade you. It should help guide you as well, when it comes on
how you should deliver the speech.

SELF-EVALUATION

Rate yourself from 1 to 5 (1 being the lowest while 5 being the highest) on the level of
understanding that you are able to attain for this module:
1 2 3 4 5

ENRICHMENT
▪ For further learning kindly visit the link given below.
▪ [Link] |what is public speaking?
▪ [Link] |public speaking

POINTOFCLARIFICATION

Please write any questions or points of clarification about the content of this module:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

REFERENCES

LEARNING REFERENCES:
*Watch this Youtube video about communication barriers: Communication Coach Alex
Lyon. (2018, January 15). Communication Barriers [Video file]. In YouTube. Retrieved from
[Link]
*Axelrod,R.B. & cooper, C.R. (2011). Axelrod and Cooper‘s Concise Guide to Writing, 5th
Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin‘s
*Gepila, Jr.,E.C. (2014) . Examining the Composition Writing Competency of PUP
Laboratory High School Grade Seven Students for Improving Teaching Writing
Methodologies. Unpublished Master‘s
*Thesis. Philippine Normal University Taft , Manila.
*Mercado, Ma. Cristina et al(2018). Purposive Communication: Connecting to the World
Mutya Publishing House Inc.
*Solomon, B.A. & Felder, R.M. (2009). Index of Learning Style Questionnaire.
[Link]
*Reich, Brian. (n.d.). Academic Presentations.
[Link]
*Edwards, Paul. (2014, October). How to Give an Academic Talk,
[Link]

MA. JHYSAVIL E. ARCENA 09166013040 majhysavila@[Link]

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Instructor

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