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Modules in World History 2 ( Modern and Contemporary Era )

BSED-Social Studies III

Module #5: World Wars: First and Second World Wars

Intended Learning Outcomes: At the end of this module, the student must have:
1. Conducted an interview about the experiences of family-related war survivors.
2. Organized information gathered in the interview using the table provided.
3. Explained how can a world war promote peace through a short essay.

Introduction:
The 1st world War erupted in the second decade of the 20th century that changed the course of life. It resulted in massive loss of lives,
extensive damages and changed the world order. On the other hand 2nd world war was considered by some as a continuation of the 1st world. It was
because the Treaty signed by the players of the 1st World War known as the Treaty of Versailles failed to truly settle and bring about peace in the
world. Such loopholes resulted into the eruption of the 2nd world Wars. The immediate reason for differences in causes and effects laid down the
foundation for alliances that made both wars subsist and even went to the extent of more damages to lives and properties.
This module will guide prospective teachers of World History to develop a critical mind and be able to teach the subject using analytical
thinking skills.

Activities: A. Conduct an interview with an old person in your family, family friends, relatives who had experienced the world war whether with 1 st
or the 2nd and ask the following persons and ask them their personal experience with the war.
Write narration here :
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Read This!
There are varying views regarding the causes of the 1st World War. But, historians agree that in the 1 st half of the 20th century, the
tension among the European powers has already escalated so the war was inevitable. The crisis in Europe prior to 1914 caused tension
between the Triple Entente ( Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) and Triple Alliance ( France, Great Britain and Russia). The death of
the Archduke of Austria, Francis Ferdinand, in the hands of a Serb precipitated the war. When the war ended, Germany was forced to
sign the Treaty of Versailles wherein it assumed full responsibility for the outbreak of the First World War and paid a large indemnity for
damages, inflicted on its rival nations. In Russia, the Bolshevik Revolution ended the monarchy and paved the way for the application of
the Marxist Theory. Russia was hailed was the first communist country in the world. The withdrawal of Russia from the First World War
by signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk led to the establishment of Lenin’s power in Russia as well as the loss of some of its territories
which were ceded to Germany. The establishment of the mandate system in West Asia was the result of the defeat of the Ottoman
Empire in the war. The First World War caused the death of millions of the people and the destruction of infrastructures. Instead of
being an instrument in resolving the conflict, the peace settlements paved the way for the outbreak of the Second World War.
The 2nd World War was caused by several factors, foremost of which was the ambition od Adolf Hitler of Germany for territorial
expansion. There were also certain issues which were not resolved by the European powers at the end of the First World War. The rivals
in that war were the allies composed of France, Great Britain and the U,S, and the Axis powers composed of Germany, Japan and Italy.
Hitler’s invasion of Czeckoslovakia in March 1939 signaled the beginning of war. It ended when the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb in
Nagasaki and Hiroshima in August of 1945. The Yala settlement determined the penalties imposed on the defeated nations, Germany
and Japan. The creation of United Nations in April1945 was one step towards the promotion of world peace. The differences between
the First World War and the Second World War can be seen in the war tactics used-trench warfare for the First World War and the
blitzkrieg for the Second World War. The former was stationary combat while the latter was mobile combat. The Second World War
yielded more damaging results than the First World War in terms of the number of casualties and the amount of damaged properties.
Nonetheless, the war served as a genuine military training for the people of the colonies. Their desire for independence intensified as a
result of the war.

Analysis:
What to do: Organize the answers you gathered from the interview into an advance graphic organizer following the model below.
First World War Description Second World War Description

1. Factors that led to the

beginning of the war

2. Countries involved in the war

3. Results of the War

4. Legacy left by the wars

to mankind
Abstraction: A world war is "a war engaged in by all or most of the principal nations of the world".[1] The term is usually reserved to two major
international conflicts that occurred during the 20th century: World War I (1914–18) and World War II (1939–45). However, a variety of global
conflicts have been subjectively deemed "world wars", such as the Cold War and the War on Terror. War crimes were perpetrated in World War I.
Chemical weapons were used in the war despite the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 having outlawed the use of such weapons in warfare. The
Ottoman Empire was responsible for the Armenian genocide, the murder of more than 1,000,000 Armenians during the First World War, as well as
the other late Ottoman genocides.
Institutions such as the United Nations were established to collectivize international affairs, with the explicit goal of preventing another outbreak of
general war. The wars had also greatly changed the course of daily life. Technologies developed during wartime had a profound effect on peacetime
life as well, such as by advances in jet aircraft, penicillin, nuclear energy, and electronic computers.
.
Application: How could a world war promote world peace? Name the ways and Explain
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Assessment: Fill the chart with information needed. Every answers must be based on the following Criteria:
CATEGORY (10-8 points) (7-5 points) (4-2 points) (1-0 points) Student
Score

Content The content is substantial, Sufficiently developed Limited content Superficial

specific, and/or illustrative content with adequate with inadequate and/or minimal
content demonstrating elaboration or explanation. elaboration or content
string development and explanation.
sophisticated ideas.

Organization of Ideas Information is very Information is Information is Information

organized with well- organized with well- organized but appears to be
constructed constructed paragraphs are disorganized and
paragraphs. paragraphs. not well- paragraphs are
constructed not well-
constructed

Spelling /Grammar Excellent grammar and no Correct grammar and Needs to The student has
error in spelling are error of 1-3 words are improve poor grammar
observed. observed. grammar and and spelling
error of 4-6
words are
observed.

Categories What factors led to the outbreak How did the wars affect the Name the legacies left by the wars?
of the wars? nations of the world?

1. 1st World War

2. 2nd World War