Engineering Mathematics I Tutorial Sheet
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Sketchily SebenteEngineering Mathematics I Tutorial Sheet
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Sketchily SebenteCommon questions
Powered by AITo find the volume, use the shell method. The volume formula for revolution about the y-axis is \( V = 2\pi \int_{0}^{1} y(1-(y^2 - y^3)) \, dy = 2\pi \int_{0}^{1} (y - y^3 + y^4) \, dy \). Evaluating gives \( 2\pi \left[ \frac{y^2}{2} - \frac{y^4}{4} + \frac{y^5}{5} \right]_{0}^{1} = 2\pi \left( \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{5} \right) = \frac{18\pi}{20} = \frac{9\pi}{10} \).
To find the area, integrate the difference between the functions over the interval: \( \int_{-\pi}^{\pi} (\cos x + 1) \, dx \). Evaluate: \( [\sin x + x]_{-\pi}^{\pi} = (\sin \pi + \pi) - (\sin(-\pi) - \pi) = 2\pi \).
The integral \( \int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(x-1)^3} \, dx \) is convergent. To determine this, consider the function \( f(x) = \frac{1}{(x-1)^3} \). The improper integral convergence can be examined by comparing it to a simpler function like \( \frac{1}{x^3} \), which converges. Evaluating, we have \( \int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(x-1)^3} \, dx = \lim_{b \to \infty} \left[-\frac{1}{2(x-1)^2} \right]_{2}^{b} = \frac{1}{2} \). Since the result is finite, the integral converges .
Use the cylindrical shell method: \( V = 2\pi \int_{-1}^{1} (1 - (1-x^2))(1-x^2) \, dx \). This simplifies to \( 2\pi \int_{-1}^{1} x^2 \, dx \), resulting in \( 2\pi \left[ \frac{x^3}{3} \right]_{-1}^{1} = \frac{8\pi}{3} \).
Find the area by integrating from \( x = 0 \) to \( x = 4 \) (where \( y = 0 \)) for the function \( y = \sqrt{4-x} \): \( \int_{0}^{4} (\sqrt{4-x}) \, dx = \left[-\frac{2}{3}(4-x)^{3/2}\right]_{0}^{4} = \frac{16}{3} \).
Use the washer method for the region between the curves: \( V = \pi \int_{0}^{1} ((\sqrt{x})^2 - (x^2)^2) \, dx = \pi \int_{0}^{1} (x - x^4) \, dx = \pi \left[ \frac{x^2}{2} - \frac{x^5}{5} \right]_{0}^{1} = \frac{\pi}{2} - \frac{\pi}{5} = \frac{3\pi}{10} \).
To find the area between the curve \( y = x^2 - 2 \) and the line \( y = 2 \), first determine the points of intersection by setting \( x^2 - 2 = 2 \), leading to \( x^2 = 4 \) and \( x = \pm 2 \). The area is \( \int_{-2}^{2} (2 - (x^2 - 2)) \, dx = \int_{-2}^{2} (4 - x^2) \, dx \), which evaluates to \([4x - \frac{x^3}{3}]_{-2}^{2} = 16 - \frac{16}{3} = \frac{32}{3} \).
The volume of the solid generated by revolving the region around the x-axis is calculated using the disk method: \( V = \pi \int_{0}^{1} (x^2)^2 \, dx = \pi \int_{0}^{1} x^4 \, dx = \pi \left[ \frac{x^5}{5} \right]_{0}^{1} = \frac{\pi}{5} \).
The integral \( \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} x \frac{1}{1+x^2} \, dx \) converges because it is an odd function over a symmetric interval. The function \( x \frac{1}{1+x^2} \) is symmetric about the origin, leading to zero area under the curve, thus converging to 0 .
The integral \( \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{1+\sqrt{x}} \, dx \) diverges. Compare with \( \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} \, dx \), which diverges. By approximation, \( \frac{1}{1+\sqrt{x}} > \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} \) for a sufficiently large x. Thus, \( \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} \, dx = \lim_{b \to \infty} 2\sqrt{x}]_{0}^{b} \to \infty \) confirms divergence .