A. Encrypt the following messages using Caesar Cipher. BOX THE ENCRYPTED MESSAGE.
(10 points each)
1. Message: ATTACK AT NIGHT, with shift 13
Solution: Use the mapping below to encrypt the message ATTACK AT NIGHT
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m
A T T A C K A T N I G H T
n g g n p x n g a v t u g
Encrypted Message: nggnpx ng avtug
2. Message: TAKE CONTROL, with shift 4
Solution: Use the mapping below to encrypt the message TAKE CONTROL
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d
T A K E C O N T R O L
x e o i g s r x v s p
Encrypted Message: xeoi gsrxvsp
B. Decrypt the following messages using Caesar Cipher. BOX THE DECRYPTED MESSAGE. (10 points
each)
1. hxuznkx, with shift 6
Solution: We start by writing out the character mapping by shifting the alphabet, with A mapping G, six
characters later in the alphabet
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f
h x u z n k X
B R O T T E R
Decrypted Message: BROTHER
2. cr grkizr, with shift 17
Solution: We start by writing out the character mapping by shifting the alphabet, with A mapping R,
seventeenth characters later in the alphabet
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q
c r g r k i z r
L A P A T R I A
Decrypted Message: LA PATRIA
C. Determine the cipher text of the given message below using alphabetic encrypting code. (10 points)
Message: SYSTEM Encrypting Congruence: 𝑐 ≡ (𝑝 + 7)(mod 26)
Solution:
The encrypting congruence is 𝑐 ≡ (𝑝 + 7)(mod 26)
We first replace p by the numerical equivalent of each letter of plain text using the table below.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 0
Then we solve c and after establishing the values of c we code it using the table above.
S= 19 c ≡ (19 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 26 (mod 26) ≡ 0 Code S to Z
Y= 25 c ≡ (25 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 32 (mod 26) ≡ 6 Code Y to F
S= 19 c ≡ (19 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 26 (mod 26) ≡ 0 Code S to Z
T= 20 c ≡ (20 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 27 (mod 26) ≡ 1 Code T to A
E= 5 c ≡ (5 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 12(mod 26) ≡ 12 Code E to L
M= 13 c ≡ (13 + 7)(mod 26) ≡ 20 (mod 26) ≡ 20 Code M to T
Cipher Text: ZFZALT
D. Determine the plain text of the given message below using alphabetic encrypting code. (10 points)
Message: IRUIQ Decrypting Congruence: 𝑝 ≡ (𝑐 + 6)(mod 26)
Solution:
We first replace c by the numerical equivalent of each letter of cipher text and find p. Because the
position of 𝑚 = 6, 𝑛 = 26 − 𝑚 = 26 − 6 = 20. The cipher text is decoded by using the congruence 𝑝 ≡ (𝑐 +
20)(mod 26). The result of IRUIQ as reflected below.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 0
I= 9 c ≡ (9 + 20)(mod 26) ≡ 29(mod 26) ≡ 3 Decode I as C
R= 18 c ≡ (18 + 20)(mod 26) ≡38(mod 26) ≡ 12 Decode R as L
U= 21 c ≡ (21 + 20)(mod 26) ≡41(mod 26) ≡ 15 Decode U as O
I= 9 c ≡ (9 + 20)(mod 26) ≡ 29(mod 26) ≡ 3 Decode I as C
Q= 17 c ≡ (17 + 20)(mod 26) ≡37(mod 26) ≡11 Decode Q as K
Plain text: CLOCK