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Binomial Distribution Problem Set

The document contains a problem set with two questions. The first question asks about the probability of getting a certain number of correct answers on a 15 question multiple choice quiz with 5 answer options where only one is correct by guessing. The second question asks about constructing a binomial distribution for randomly selecting 6 adults and the probability they say they are visiting the dentist less due to the economy, and analyzing properties of that distribution.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
7 views1 page

Binomial Distribution Problem Set

The document contains a problem set with two questions. The first question asks about the probability of getting a certain number of correct answers on a 15 question multiple choice quiz with 5 answer options where only one is correct by guessing. The second question asks about constructing a binomial distribution for randomly selecting 6 adults and the probability they say they are visiting the dentist less due to the economy, and analyzing properties of that distribution.

Uploaded by

Zech Pack
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

STT 041.

1 Problem Set #2 - Binomial Distribution

1. A multiple-choice quiz has 15 questions, each with 5 possible answers of which


only one is the correct answer. What is the probability that sheer guesswork
yields

a) from 5 to 10 correct answers?


b) Exactly 2 correct answers?
c) From 3 to 4 correct answers?
d) At least 5 correct answers?
e) At most 3 correct answers?

2. Visiting the Dentist. Sixty-three percent of adults say they are visiting the
dentist less because of the economy. You randomly select six adults and ask
them if they are visiting the dentist less because of the economy. (Source: American
Optometric Association)

a. construct a binomial distribution,


b. graph the binomial distribution using a histogram and describe its shape,
c. find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the binomial
distribution, and
d. interpret the results in the context of the real-life situation. What values
of the random variable x would you consider unusual? Explain your
reasoning.

Common questions

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The histogram of the binomial distribution would likely be skewed towards higher values due to p = 0.63, indicating most adults in a sample size of 6 are likely visiting the dentist less. This skewness reflects how economic pressures influence majority behavior, confirming publicized trends about reduced dental visits due to financial concerns .

The probability that a student gets exactly 2 correct answers can be calculated using the binomial probability formula: P(X = k) = C(n, k) * p^k * (1-p)^(n-k). For n = 15 questions, k = 2 correct answers, and p = 0.2 (probability for a correct answer), it is P(X = 2) = C(15, 2) * (0.2)^2 * (0.8)^13 ≈ 0.250 .

Analyzing the probabilities of outcomes when guessing suggests strategic implications: achieving 5-10 correct answers has low probabilities, indicating randomness may not benefit without specific knowledge. Educators should focus on ensuring comprehension over gambling on guesswork; promoting study and test-taking skills could enhance performance beyond random chances. Incorporating different instructional strategies might reduce dependence on guessing .

The probability of achieving between 5 and 10 correct guesses can be found by summing the probabilities of getting k = 5 to 10 correct answers. Using the binomial formula P(X = k) = C(15, k) * (0.2)^k * (0.8)^(15-k), calculate for each k, and sum the probabilities: P(X = 5 to 10) = Σ P(X = k) for k = 5 to 10 ≈ 0.157 .

The mean of a binomial distribution is calculated as µ = n * p. Here, n = 6 adults and p = 0.63, giving a mean µ = 3.78. The variance is σ² = n * p * (1-p) = 6 * 0.63 * 0.37 ≈ 1.394, and the standard deviation is σ = √σ² ≈ 1.18. These measures suggest most adults surveyed are likely visiting less, but with reasonable variability .

The binomial distribution can be constructed by considering each adult's decision to visit the dentist less as a Bernoulli trial with success probability p = 0.63. For n = 6 adults, the binomial distribution is defined by the probability mass function P(X = k) = C(n, k) * p^k * (1-p)^(n-k) for k = 0 to 6. This distribution helps model the random variable X, the number of adults visiting the dentist less, to analyze the variance in responses and make predictions. The significance lies in interpreting sociological impacts due to economic factors, showing how widespread the behavior is among adults .

Variance measures the dispersion around the mean dentist visit reduction rate, providing insights into community response diversity to economic changes. A high variance in the binomial model suggests widespread inconsistency, alerting policymakers to subgroups less impacted or more adaptable economically. Conversely, low variance indicates uniform behavior, simplifying targeted public health responses .

Constructing a binomial distribution aids in quantifying public health behaviors, revealing patterns that can direct resource allocation and awareness campaigns. In understanding dentist visit trends, such a distribution models the collective decision to visit less due to economic pressures, allowing policymakers to foresee healthcare gaps and prioritize interventions to mitigate negative health outcomes .

A value of x is considered unusual if it lies outside two standard deviations from the mean in a probability distribution. For n = 6 and p = 0.63, mean µ = n * p = 3.78 and standard deviation σ = √(n * p * (1-p)) ≈ 1.15. Values outside the range [1.48, 6.08] are unusual since probabilities for such outcomes are significantly low, indicating events like more than 6 adults or less than 1 adult visiting the dentist less are rare .

The probability of getting at most 3 correct answers is calculated by summing the probabilities of getting 0, 1, 2, or 3 correct. Using the binomial formula P(X = k) = C(15, k) * (0.2)^k * (0.8)^(15-k), find P(X ≤ 3) = Σ P(X = k) for k = 0 to 3 ≈ 0.626 .

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