The Architectura

FORUM Magazine of Building

JUL 13 m

I
illlll liill
With color-balanc

you're sure of % BETTER T i l t

BETTER I N S l
Beinfj sure of the tile you select is important. Being
sure of its installation is equally important.

Color-balanced Suntile offers you assurance of both.

Suntile's extra quality i n f o r m and finish is the result

of rigid manufacturing control. Suntile's color-balance
is a unique feature developed through years of scientific
color measurement a n d selection. Color-balance permits
harmonious blends and smart, distinctive settings for
modern-day interiors.

Suntile's extra quality i n installation is achieved through

c a r e f u l selection and training of authorized Suntile
dealers. T h e s e men have the know how to bring out a l l
of Suntile's i n h e r e n t qualities.

F o r better tile—better installations, let us send you the

name of an A u t h o r i z e d Suntile Dealer. H e can show
you r e a l clay S u n t i l e i n 16 w a l l colors. I n addition, he
can show y o u i m p e r v i o u s unglazed c e r a m i c mosaic
Suntile i n 15 colors—and Suntile Camargos i n 10 colors
—both i n m o d u l a r sizes.

See Sweet's Catalog for complete information. T h e

Cambridge T i l e M a n u f a c t u r i n g C o . , C i n c i n n a t i 15, O h i o .

COLOR BALANCED

. . A real clay Hie

Bright with color
. . . R i g h t for l i f e

( ^ a ^ ortm YOU 7c&.,...^£Z^ ^^;^a£^a^<^

 How to meet
individual
window needs
economically..

. . with
STANDARD
UNITS

This school shop serves as an excellent example

REQUIREMENTS:—abundant daylight for critical seeing, maintenance because these windows ate famous Fenestra
demanded for close work. quality in every respect.
—plenty of controlled fresh air. This installation typifies the benefits to be attained by
PERFORMANCE.—widely distributed daylight, brought in use of many Fenestra Building Products—Fenestra* Steel
through combined window units almost ceiling high and VCindous—Residence Casements, Pivoted, Commercial
with low sills. Projected, Pencraft Intermediate (Casement, Projected
and Combination), Security, Basement and Utility . . .
—all-weather ventilation. Open-out vents
Fenestra Su ing, Slide and Turnover Doors . . . and Fenestra
form canopies over openings to shed rain and snow. Open-
Metal Building Panels for floors, walls, ceilings, roofs
in vents deflect incoming air upward to prevent drafts.
and partitions.
E C O N O M Y F E A T U R E : the entire window wall is made up All are designed to help you keep building costs
of standard Pencraft Windows—no special costs, no down—all permit design freedom with the economy that
special installation details or problems. Low in first cost, is an inherent feature of the use of standard parts. Get
because standardization permits mass production—low in the facts about Fenestra Building Products. See Sweet's
installation costs because window dimensions are co- Architectural Pile for 1948 (Sections 162-14 and 3 c - l ) .
ordinated with those of other wall materials—low \r. Better yer. call or write us.

' radcraajrk

I I i/Ll

FENCRAfI CA5EMEN1 IIASCMCNT COMMERCIAL PROJECTED SECURITY Vf.;Vl

WINDOWS WINDOWS iVINDOWi WINDOW;. WINDOWS WINDOWS DOORS

^d^TlCStm STANOAROIZCP BUILOING PROPUCTS

Detroit Steel Products Company • Dept. AP-6, 22 51 East Grand Blvd., Detroit 11, Michigan
128,000 sq. ft. of 1 9 / 1 6 " Cemesto provides insulation, interior finish, and Architacit:
great strength with lightweight — opplied as sfructoral roof deck to the Albarl C. Marlln
& Anociattt
curved roof of Brunswig Drug Company's new plant, Los Angeles, Colifornia.

Today, in dozens of big construction jobs across the country,

Better Building alert architects are demonstrating their skill in coping with
rising construction costs, by specifying a material that gives
their clients better building...in less time...at lower cost—

...in Less Time ^EMEST^'/'^e

REG. U . 5, PAT. opr.
J{u/tip/e -Tunction McL
'

WHAT IT IS... Cemesto is a rigid, insulating,fire-and moisture-

resistant building board... composed of a Celotex cane fibre

...at Lower Cost core surfaced on both sides with asbestos cement, bonded
with a moistureproof bituminous adhesive.

WHAT IT DOES... Cemesto gives you a superior material for

sidewalls, roof decks, and interior partitions.
It combines high thermal insulation with great structural
strength in an integrated wall unit that furnishes
both interior and exteriorfinishand requires no painting.

YOU ARE INVITED to write us for details on Cemesto

appUcations in which you are interested. In the meantime,
you'll find complete specifications on Cemesto in Sweet's file.

T H E C E L O T E X C O R P O R A T I O N , C H I C A G O 3, I L L I N O I S

TU, [Link].l F O R U M June 1948

 The Architectural
F O R U M
M A G A Z I N E OF B U I L D I N G

JUNE 1948

NEWS 9

LETTERS 18

FORUM 50

ANNOUNCEMENTS 58

BROWNSTONE TRANSMUTED INTO GLASS 88

Deft remodeling b y a r c h i t e c t s S k i d m o r e , O w i n g s &. Merrill,
P u b l i s h e d by T I M E Incorporated c r e a t e s a compact sales m a c h i n e w i t h a billboard front.

EuiTOR-i.N-ciiiEr Henry R. Luce

Pbksiukwt Roy E . L a m n COOPERATIVE APARTMENT 92
EuiTonuL DiRECTOii Juba Shaw BilUiigi T h e p o s t w a r t r e n d t o w a r d c o o p e r a t i v e a p a r t m e n t h o u s e s is ex-
e m p l i f i e d by C i t y I n v e s t i n g C o . ' s l a t e s t l u x u r y i t e m in N e w Y o r k —
a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e b u t not t y p i c a l j o b . L e o n a r d S c h u l t z e & A s s o -
The Architectural F O R U M ciates, Architects.

MA-NAGINC EDITOR
URUGUAY
Henry Wiigbt 101
ASSOCIATES: Eleanor Biiiermaaii (Reaearcb), Luuine F o u r t h in a s e r i e s of s u r v e y s of c o n t e m p o r a r y a r c h i t e c t u r e In
Cooper, Jamea M. Fitch, Jr., Waher McQuade, .Mary Mix. the c o u n t r i e s of S o u t h A m e r i c a .
Mary Sandera, Richard Saunder* (Washington). Madelaine
Thatcher, Chloetbiel Woodard Smith (Soutb America),
Lawrence W. Mester (Production).
A HOUSE DIVIDED
ASSISTANTS: Wilson Dixard, Doria Hoffer. Sighla Ken- 110
nedy, Rosalind Klein, Mary Jane Ligbtbown, Alice C r i t i c a l a p p r a i s a l by the e d i t o r s and rebuttal by Chicago archi
O'Connor, Amnon Rubinstein, Helen Bern Schiavo. tect Rene P . T r a v e l l e t t i .
ART D I R E C T O R : Paul Cr..lr.
CONSULTANTS: MUea L . Coleaa, George NeUon.
BUSINESS MANAGER: Vernon HUchcock. HOUSES
CIRCULATION MANAGER : George Seufert.
S m a l l h o u s e in C a r m e l , C a l i f . , b y J o n K o n i g s h o f e r , D e s i g n e r .
ADVERTISING DIRECTOR L a r g e , i n f o r m a l h o u s e In S c a r s d a l e , N . Y . , by S i m o n B . Z e l n i k ,
Geokge p. S h u t t Architect.

OFFICES
121
T h o m a s G . C o l e s , A r c h i t e c t , d e s i g n s p u b l i s h e r ' s offices in M a n h a t -
Tb« Architectural FORUM ia published monthly by TIME t a n . . . T h r e e t i c k e t offices f o r s t e a m s h i p line by W a l t e r D o r w i n
Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., N. Y . 1. N. Y . Subacriptions may Teague, Designer.
be sent to 540 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago I I , III.
Address all editorial correspondence to 350 Fifib Ave..
N. Y . 1, N. Y . Yearly subscription payable in advance.
PRODUCTS AND PRACTICE 125
To Finns and Govetnmenl departments, their supervisory
employes and design stalls, engaged in Building—coBstruc- T h e n e w l u m i n e s c e n t s o f f e r s o m e i n t e r e s t i n g p o s s i b i l i t i e s In dec-
tion. design, finance, real estate ownersbip or management,
o r a t i o n , i l l u m i n a t i o n a n d s a f e t y m e a s u r e s . A s u r v e y of t h e i r c o m -
maleriala distribution and professional instructors and
mercial forms, limitations and sources.
studenta: USA, Poaseaaiona and Canada, $5.50; Pan
American Union and ibe Pbilippinea, S9.00; Overseas
countriea, $12.00. To those not connected with the Build-
ing Induatry: USA and Foreign, $12.00. Single cupiea, if BUILDING REPORTER
134
available, (except Reference Numbers), $1.00. Reference
Numbers, $2.00. All copies mailed flat. Copyright under F l e x i b l e porcelain enameled steel wall covering . . . t h i c k plastic
International Copyright Convention. AU righta reserved laminates . . . flourescent plastic.
under Ilie Pan American Copyright Convention. Entered
aa Second Class Matter July 17, 1944 at the Post Office ai
New York. N. Y . , under the act of March 3, 1879. Copy TECHNICAL LITERATURE
right 1948 by TIME Inc. 162
P r e f a b r i c a t e d h o u s e s . . . P i l i n g . . . S t e e l flooring . . . W a l l cov-
ring . . . Heating.

TIME Inc., Time and Life Bldg., RockefeHer Center, New

York 20. N. Y . , alao publiahea TIME, L I F E and FORTUNE.
Chairman, Maurice T . Moore; President, Roy E . Larsen; REVIEWS
170
Vice Preaident & Treasurer, Charlea L . Stillman; Vice
N e w W o r l d of S p a c e . . . L e C o r b u s i e r , A r c h i t e c t , P a i n t e r , W r i t e r
President & Secretary, D. W. Brumhaofh; Vie* Preai-
dent & Sales Director, Howard Black; Vice Preai- . . . C o n c e r n i n g T o w n P l a n n i n g . . . H o w to D r a w C h u r c h e s a n d
denta. Allen Grover, C. D. Jackioa, P. I . Prentice; Cathedrals.
Comptroller & Assistant Secretary, Arnold W. Carlson;
Production Manager, N. L . Wallace; Circulation Director.
F. DeW. Pratt. Producer, T u t Mabcb or Time, Richard
de Rochemont.
Cover photo: (Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp.); Esra Stoller: Pictorial Services.

VOLUME 88, NUMBER 6

 I D E A H O U S E F E A T U R E S

Servel ^^'^e€Z/t Air Conditioning provides

carefree comfort through every season

Co-sponsored by the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis dirt, and irritating pollen, bringing welcome relief
and the Home Institute of the Northwestern National asthma and hay fever sufferers. Furniture and drj
Bank, Idea House I I is one of a series built to demon- stay fresh and new-looking longer. There's lots
strate advanced ideas in home planning and equipment. housework, too.
It features one of the most important developments in During the winter months, the same comj
year-round comfort . . . "climate at your fingertips" Servel unit supplies plenty of clean, even warn
provided by Servel All-Year Air Conditioning. Just the right amount of moisture is added for comf
In the Idea House, the homeowner selects the climate There are no "layers" of hot or cold air. And in betv
indoors . . . through every season . . . without ever seasons, the Servel All-Year Air Conditioner circul
having to go downstairs. The Servel All-Year Air cleaned air throughout the house at the prevailing i
Conditioner is controlled automatically by the Selectrol door temperatures.
— a combination thermostat and control device—con-
veniently placed in the main-floor living area. The Operating costs a r e low
homeowner merely dials the temperature he wants
Yet with all these benefits, the Servel All- Year
and flips a switch for cooling or heating.
Conditioner costs surprisingly little to operate. M
tenance costs are low, too. Like the famous Se
Cools in summer, heats in winter Gas Refrigerator, the Servel All - Year Air Conditi'
In summer, the Servel unit refreshingly refrigerates the hasn't a single moving part in its refrigeration sys
to make noise, to wear or need repair.
air. It removes sticky humidity and filters out dust.
The Minneapolis Idea House I I dramatically illus-
ites how Servel All- Year Air Conditioning can help
u bring a "new quality of living" the year-round to
y home you may design or build. What's more,
len you plan your new houses around the Servel
it, you'll find it possible to make many design inno-
tions and construction economies.
Get the facts on Servel All-Year Air Conditioning
»m your local Gas Company or Servel dealer. Or write
Servel, Inc., 8806 Morton Ave., Evansville 20, Ind.

^-^WAIR CONDITIONER
 A joint announcement by Revere Copper and Brass Incorporate!

BUILDS THE FIRST HOUSE FOR THE

REVERE QUALITY HOUSE INSTITUTE
THE SIGN OF QUALITY. This sign and seal willidt
tify houses whose principles, standards a
specifications meet the requirements of I
Revere Quality House Institute. It is the buye
assurance that though the price may be mt
r r ^ H E completion of the first house under the auspices of the Revere Quality House erate, the value is high. All Institute hou
are independently designed by local archite
X Institute is an important event because it represents the successful beginning of the with regard to local conditions, and are erec:
by local builders under the constant sup
Quality House program. Here we see demonstrated the results of a new type of cooperation vision of the designers.
between architect and builder, a cooperation designed to benefit not only them, but also
the home-buying public.
It is confidently expected that the publicity being put back of the program will create
a different kind of market for homes. That market will look for not just a place to live
in, but a structure possessing identifiable quality.
Thus architects and builders will find new opportunities to turn out better homes,
homes that are fully representative of their talents and skills, homes they can sell on a
profitable basis because the public will demand them.
As time passes and more and more houses are built according to Institute standards in
various parts of the country, you will find an ever-increasing public demand for the best
you can do, and an eagerness to buy quality.
Floor Plan of "The House of Expanding Rooms." F
Revere joins with its progressive co-sponsor. The Architectural Forum, in saluting the area. 1060 square feet, plus 210 square feet under
for carport
first Revere Quality House, in Houston, Texas.

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

ind The Architectural Forum
FROM THE GROUND UP
• Foundation is a waterproof concrete slab, rein-
forced.

• Framing is the conventional wood stud and

rafter construction common to all ports of the
country.

• Exterior walls: brick, Mexican adobe type; red-

wood siding; cedar shingles.

• Privacy, no bedroom windows open on adjacent

property. Dining area windows looking on street
are high. Masonry wall on street side of living
room shields from street. Picture windows in living
room look into garden area. Extended wall and
sliding gate provide privacy for carport, service,
ploy and laundry areas.

• Built-in masonry and copper planting boxes ore

provided for landscaping to blend house to ground.
There is a planting garden niche in living room
brick wall.

• Windows are casements, metal framed. At cer-

tain points door and window gloss is set In movable
strips, like Venetian blinds. 1 0 0 % ventilation is pro-
vided. Large attic fan draws in fresh outdoor air
when desired for cooling.

• Roof: 16-oz. standing seam Copper is not only

handsome but will lost as long as the house. Eaves
have sufficient overhang to exclude direct rays of
the summer sun, and also rain except in high winds.
Since you can leave these sheltered windows open,
summer showers will have their full cooling effect.

" T H E H O U S E OF EXPANDING R O O M S . " First house to be completed under the • Insulation: all exterior walls and roof insulated.
auspices of the Revere Quality House Institute. Location: Wakefield
Drive at Dubarry Lane, Oak Forest Addition, Houston, Texas. Open for • Heating: thermostatically-controlled gas-fired
inspection in June. Cost, about $10,000 exclusive of land. worm air furnace installed in attic, with ducts to
all rooms.

• Plumbing: Copper Water Tube throughout, for

economy of installation and permanent, rust-free,
full-flowing service. Includes service lines from
street and all interior lines.

They created "The House of Expanding Rooms":

Fred J MacKie, Jr. and Karl Kamrath, MacKie »
L A N A. Here we see the foldin/l partitions pushed PLAN B. And here three rooms have been made out Kanirath. Architects. 2713 Ferndale Place, Houston
ack, making one room out of living, dining and recrea- of one, for three different u s e s , meeting changing family 6. Texas; Frank W. Sharp. Builder. 2202 Rosslyn
ion space. needs Road. Houston 8. Texas.

' p r r i The activities of the Institute arc publi-

R L L . cized nation-wide, through [Link]
nd publicity releases. In addition, there are free
ooklets.
"A Home of Our Own" describes the aims and
urposes of the Institute. This is now ready.
"The House of Expanding Rooms" gives the de- COPPER AND B R A S S I N C O R P O R A T E D
ails of the house in Houston. Now in preparation. FOUNOEO BY P A U L R E V E R E IN 1801
Jeady shortly. Z 3 0 P A R K A V E N U E , N E W Y O R K 17. N E W Y O
We shall be glad to send you a copy of each of •
hcse. Be sure to address:

R E V E R E Q U A L I T Y HOUSE I N S T I T U T E
P.O. Box 1134, Grand Central Station,
New York 17. N. Y .
 NEW KELVINATORS...af/ one width...

Now You Con Choose from 5 New

Kelvinator Refrigerators all 3 1 V '
Wide...4 New Kelvinator Ranges
and a Home Freezer, all 39" wide.

Yes! T h e identical nidths of Kelvinator's 5 new 1948 cu. ft. used hy the new refrigerated F r u i t F r e s h e n e r .
Refrigerators phis 4 Ranges and a Home F r e e z e r , all T a k o n o n i o i c ri«»or--|iacc than M i a i i \ retrigeralor- o f
one ii idtli. give you a ready reference for easy kitchen s m a l l e r capacitx . C o m p a r i i o t i - | i i c c i ' . . . k<'K i nator's
l i l a i i i i i n : . : . \ r i . l u l i . i i ytni plan this c a ^ ) . Ki-Ivinator \ v a \ . '"Automatic C o o k " E l e c t r i c Range, now with a l l con-
\ om c l i c i i N c a n cli«i<>«r any coiiihiiKition of t o p - < i M a l i l y trols on the new hack p a n e l . . . easy to see and use. "L p-
Kelvinators within their hiidgets without a change in Down""unil converts from deep well cooker to 4th sur-
floor pla»i>I face u n i t . . . g i a n t doiihle-unit o v e n . . . n e w E l e c t r i c - F a s t
Ultimate in ef?icieney...Kelvinator"s ncir h ind of i cfri;i- siirlacc iinil,- . . . pn s > i i r c cooker availahic f o r deep
W e i l l \ n d tliereV the new 6 <-n. ft.. Sjiace-Saver Home
ci alor i- i.-lViiiiTalcii IVidii Top-To-Holloni. ll pr<»\ idr-
f"- f'- within the >helf area, plus approximately 2 F r e e z e r to give any f a m i h deluxe eating' w illi economy.

For Smaller Kitchens . . /'Space-Saver

P a c k a g e gives Small Kitchens Big-
Kitchen A d v a n t a g e s !
"Space-Saver" Kefrigcrator, 24" wide, is full 6 eu. ft.—holds 50%
mon- foo«l than the preu;ir model of identical outside dimensions.
Companion range is only 21"wide —new design permits installation
flush against wall, features a full-size o v e n . . . three new. Flectric-
F a s t . tilt-up surfac'c u n i t s —on*- 8", two 6". K e l v i n a t o r q u a l i t y
ihroniiliout.

F o r further i n f m n i a l i o n . write K e K i n a t o r l)ivi-ion,

\ a s l i - l x i ' l \ i n a l o r (lorpiual i(ui, Detroit ',V1. \lielii;:an.

g The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 BUILDING MONTHi A> Ihc cloud over Mi<i(llc i M i r u p c iiioin.'iitarily lightened,

NEWS
'•,,]<{

the U . S. shook off some of its fear of the future and began to believe in the substantial
blessing of the now. Industry was running wide open: manufacturers generally seemed to
have surmonted the uncertainties washed up by the commodity price break last February;
consumer durables were at peak levels, leading the general rise. And, while many an
architect still complained bitterly of deferred projects, this unalterable .statistical fact
loomed above doleful individual reports: customers are crowding into the Building market
as never before.
Nobody could deny that ihe price of building was shunting an undetermined number of
customers out of the market. But a contrariwise and, for the present at least, strongei
force was pushing others in. The situation
could be described briefly: the number oi "Were the world political situation to
maintain the status quo of March, 1948 it
customers who can afford to pay the cur-
would be reasonable to expect building
Half-billion military building rent price of building is still decisively
costs to stay about where they now are
weightier than the number who cannot.
job to start this year p. 9 throughout the 1948 building season."
That the relationship between these twr»
In figuring current building cost, the Dow
forces will not be radically altered this year
spring survey credits 7 per cent better pro-
is virtually a certainty. There were many
Steel houses threatened by al- duction, and says this improvement is due
who believed it would not be altered in the
to four factors: 1) a more even flow of
foreseeable future.
location shut-out p. 10 materials and equipment to the job site; 2)
One firm element of support for the
reduced need to substitute upgraded, up-
building market was apparent in the new
priced and unfamiliar materials and equip-
What the next president thinks
Federal Reserve Board survey of consumer ment for standard ones; 3) reduction in
spendinji plans. Some 2.6 million families stand-by time; 4) better production per
about houses p. 12 told Board interrogators they plan to buy man.
houses this year. Compared to the 3.2 mil-
lion who showed as house customers in the
Board survey a year ago, this figure mea-
sured some shrinkage in the big house-
building backlog. But it did promise de- TALKED TO DEATH
mand strong enough to keep [Link] T-E-W bill will probably not survive
at its present record level for at least two
As the big political guns began booming
years. The survey also showed that tljese
offstage, the poor old T-E-W housing bill
customers have begun to adjust to the cur-
was slowly being talked to death. It seemed
rent price of housebuilding. On an average,
well-nigh impossible that the mountainous
they said they hope to pay about $7,500—as
Hague land stirs to fight build- forces of legislation would bring forth even
compared to the more optimistic $6,400
a mouse of a housing bill before adjourn-
er's open shop p. 10
mentioned last year.
ment.
Building's problem was still the same:
There was one small chance: in an elec-
to sharpen its pencils, eagle-eye its methods,
tion year, Republicans don't want to be
watchdog its price. To drift with the still-
respomsible for failure to make a single
rising inflationary tide would obviously
legislative gesture on this hot domestic
court disaster. It would precipitate the
problem. Some said that Senator Taft, to
>liarp reversal in the relation between the
save his bill, would agree to House-dictated
purchasing power of Building's customers
cuts in its public housing section.
0ESIGN (record corporate and individual earnings)
and the price of Building's product which Others argued that the whole bill ought
alone can bust the Boom. to be cut into its various parts (credit aid.
public housing, slum clearance) and that
World's swaniciest apartments There were some impressive signs that
each of these ought to be restudied in the
Building was no longer drifting with the
light of the present rate of building activ-
to be cut down p. 11 price tide, but had started to row briskly
ity and the many inflationary pressures on
in the opposite direction. Customers—
the building market.
especially for small commercial construc-
Custom-built boost for Ta- tion—were reporting a surprising number
of bids close to contractor's cost. A grow- HOUSES FOR SOLDIERS
coma's Loxide p. 15 ing number of contractors were facing the Congressmen thought the generals
fact that working closer to the cost line could get along on a good deal less
was a way to keep organizations geared to One whacking big building job moved
Drop the basement p. 16 volume building in steady operation. closer to a start as the House passed a bill
'"Building costs have stopped going up," calling for $207 million worth of Army and
said Dow Service vice»president Myron L . .\ir Force construction. A companion bill,
Matthews flatly. Matthews told State Hous- which will put up $209 worth of buildings
ing Commissioner Herman Stichraan's for the Navy, was about ready to be pre-
Housing Institute in New York that the sented on the House floor.
"general situation in 91 cities east of the Fifty per cent of the Army and Air Force
Mississippi River is less acute than it has building money will go for housing—lack
been at any time since V-J day. The in- of which has been the biggest block to re-
creases have lost their zip, the average in- cruiting key noncom personnel, who don't
Race covenant ban may affect crease for the area amounting to a modest want to leave their families. The rest will
3 per cent. Many of these cities show 'no be spent for new bases both at home and
investments p. 15 change* and others show reductions. abroad, including secret air bases in Alaska
 Padula's lenders refused to boost the si/e
and Newfoundland and a nuge neavy Domber of the mortgage—or advance any more con-
base at Rapid G t y , S. D. struction money. Back of the tough talk of
The military building money was held up the tough Jersey locals, Padula saw something
while budget-conscious Representatives argued OPEN SHOP that looked frighteningly like a shut-down.
over how big a house a general should be Jersey newcomer picks a fight with the Fighting mad, he called the union men to-
allowed. The bill called for generals' houses gether and fired them. He would, he said,
toughest building locals in U . S.
costing up to $27,000. Most thought this too establish an open shop.
much, and a floor amendment said the gen- Like many another Navy man up and down
As Padula's "open shop" made headlines,
erals will have to get along with 1.080 sq. ft. the world, Seabee Commander Arthur H . Pa-
many a builder—and many a union boss—
Figuring on the $13 per sq. ft. cost estimate dula looked forward to his hometown news-
wondered if this would turn out to be what
given them by military construction estimates, paper. He was rebuilding factories in Seoul,
the Taft-Hartley Act augured. For decades,
House members said this would mean $14,040 Korea when he slit open the copy of the New-
the building trades had been a well-nigh im-
houses for generals—and plenly big enough. ark News that settled his postwar future. In it
pregnable rampart of labor's bloodily con-
he read what the Planning Commission had to
say about Newark: 44,000 of its houses were
LIFE-AND-DEATH not fit to live in. 38.000 of them lacked private
The Newspaper PM, Inc.
Steel allocators say no to steel house, baths and toilets, 41 per cent of the whole
but will take another look city had been built before 1900. Right then
If some key Congressmen said privately that Padula decided that his particular postwar
steel shortage would pinch enough by fall to corner meant doing something about all this.
bring steel controls, most optimistically He had done some housebuilding before
thought that the voluntary allocation program the war. his father had spent a lifetime build-
run by the Commerce Department would do ing in the Newark area, and he had learned
the job. But last month brought a sample of a lot about speed and system in the Seabees.
the life-and-death power the allocators may But it was three more years before he got a
be obliged to wield. In the first scramble for chance to start.
steel under the voluntary program, the infant
The Big Idea. Two months after his discharge
steel-house industry was a near victim.
in 1947, Padula went to a city auction. The
The steel-house producers had asked for
city was offering a 51 acre tract with the con-
58,000 tons of steel—enough to make 7,590
dition that the buyer build veterans' housing.
units this year. But the Steel Products Ad-
Padula bid $165,000 and paid cash. An hour
visory Committee (its members: steel company
later he broke ground at the site.
vice-presidents in charge of sales and distri-
He intended to build the biggest veterans'
bution) said no. The steelmen said it was
development in New Jersey: a $12 million job
not reasonable to try to make all-steel houses
to house 2,400 families. His plans called for PADULA: dream's end
in the teeth of a world steel shortage. They
high-grade construction: two- and four-family
pointed out that all-steel houses use from 4 to
brick-veneered units, with gas heat, steel tested, bloodily defended closed shop. Could
9 ^ tons per unit, wjjile conventional houses
beams, aluminum casement windows and door Padula invoke Taft-Hartley bans on the closed
require only about V/o tons.
frames, copper leaders and gutters, fluorescent shop and the secondary boycott, break the
Foremost among the steel-house makers
lighting in the kitchen. State housing officials iron grip of the most powerful building locals
whose future hangs on the Committee's decision
called it the best house construction in the in the U . S.?
stood Lustron's Carl Strandlund, with some
state. The Essex County Building Trades Coun-
$18 million of government and private money
By last week, 58 buildings were finished and cil wields the dub of labor monopoly with the
staked on production this year (see F o r u m ,
112 families had moved into them. But 23 strong arm of Boss Hague's Democratic politi-
May '48). Back of Lustron stood veterans'
half-finished buildings were standing idle. Out cal machine. For the Boss, the Council ha?
groups. Congressmen, the Housing and Home
in front marched the biggest picket line seen always been ready to furnish demonstrations,
Finance Agency, the Commerce Department
in Jersey in many a month. Nineteen A F L parades, election workers—or whatever might
itself. They turned on the heat. It was enough
locals had massed their men against Padula's be required. In return, the Boss's omnipotent
to make the steelmen take a second look.
threat of an "open shop." nod has sent contracts to the men who played
There are two Advisory Committees in the
The Big Stick. The trouble had started before ball with the Council. Only once had the
vital steel industry. The Steel Products Ad-
the foundations were in. First it was juris- power of the Boss failed to work: Hague
visory Committee is the "junior" of the two.
dictional strikes: The carpenters refused to hadn't saved Council boss Joseph Fay from a
Its vice-president members study allocation re-
let the laborers touch lumber—even for stack- Sing Sing sentence—but then Fay had made
quests and send their recommendations on to
ing. The sheet metal workers, who worked the mistake of trying to extend his extortion
the Steel Producers Advisory Committee, a
racket east of the Hudson.
"senior" group composed entirely of steel an hour longer than the carpenters, couldn't
company presidents. The presidents had cut a hole in the wall after the carpenters went Years ago the Associated Contractors of
okayed the vice-presidents' first two decisions: home. Essex County had learned it was good business
1) allocation of 160,000 tons of steel to the Then the unions fought on whether an auto- —and good politics—to deal with the Council.
Atomic Energy Commission; 2) allocation of matic skill saw would be used to precut lum- Like other big building contractors who had
212,000 tons for production of warm air heat- ber. Padula won. The next fight was whether learned to live with labor, they had no real
ing equipment for houses. But when the vice- all trades would work a uniform day and week. objection. Council-enforced wage rates merely
presidents turned down all-steel houses, the Padula lost. But he fought for continuous standardized an important element in competi-
presidents inclined an ear to the Commerce- use of concrete forms and won. He insisted tive bidding; otherwise, they were passed on
led protest. They did not overrule their vice- on the use of automatic jack scaffolds, and in cost-plus contracts. It was the customer
presidents. They did ask them to take an- won again. who paid.
other look. Then the unions laid down their demand for The contractors were doing no cheering for
In late May the fate of the all-steel house a 40 cent hourly wage raise, all around. Pa- Padula; they had already signed up for the
was still unsettled. Washington insiders were dula threw up his hands. The wage boosts, 40 cent boosts. They wanted no all-out war
betting that Strandlund and others would he said, would add $1,200 to the cost of each with the Council—at least, not until they
get at least some of the steel for which they 2-famiIy building—or a staggering $1,250,000 thought they could win. They remembered
are hotly contesting. to the cost of the rest of the job. when jurisdictional strikes had stalled $59 mil-

I0 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 lion worth of construction last fall—the
Standard Oil plant, the Mercury-Ford plant, DECLINE OF THE TRIPLEX
the Bell Telephone laboratory among others.
Leading the picket line himself, Council Some gold-plated tenants (see cuts) sought
president Whitey Holzlohner shook hands the aid of the rent control law last month.
with the non-union men who one hy one New York's River House, which press agents
drifted off Padula's job. He rejjarded call the "world's most luxurious apartment
Padula as an innocent upstart. Picketing building," was about to succumb to a trend
had been enough to bring this "open shop" that had already hit some less famous build-
close to a standstill. And he could get ings. Tishman Realty & Construction Co. had
a lot tougher—if he had to. bought the 26-story building for an unmen-
By month's end, it looked as if he might tioned price, planned to cut up its 79 lavish
not have to. Nor did Padula's fight seem duplex apartment.s to make twice as many.
likely to precipitate a Taft-Hartley test on
the closed shop. Padula had not, as he
threatened, gone to court. The state media-
tion board had intervened, hoping to make
peace. Nobody—not even Padula—thought
Essex County was the place for a show-
down on the closed shop.

PRESCRIPTION
A.I.A. thinks it can help reduce frustra-
tion in modern living.

Where do most U. S. citizens meet the law?

In the traffic courts, says the American
Institute of Architects, adding that these
are usually dingy and makeshift—not at all
calculated to overwhelm the offender with
a sense of the dignity and justice of our
government.
The A.I.A. thinks that not only traffic
courts, but most public buildings need to
be redesigned, and has set up a study
committee to help out. "We do not hope
to present civic planners with stock plans.''
said the new committee's chairman, archi-
tect James W. Kideney, Buffalo, "but rather
with a check list and analysis of the func-
Writer
tions which should be common to most River House probably deserves its title. To
Quentin
buildings housing local governments. Such Reynolds claim it. another developer would have to beat
buildings will vary with the character of River House's swimming pool, ballroom, 40
each American community." Assisting ft. drawing rooms and private yacht landing.
Kideney are Harvard professor Walter F . Few would care to claim River House's doleful
Bogner and architect Perry C. Smith. Cornelius financial history. Built on the brink of the
The committee believes that lack of plan- Vanderbilt Bust at a cost of $27.23 per sq. ft., the develop-
ning in government buildings is responsible Whitney ment was planned as a cooperative, with units
for considerable "discontent and frustra- to be sold at prices ranging from $40,000 to
tion" and intends to make it easy as pie to $275,000 (for a triplex penthouse). Only a
find your way to the marriage license handful were sold before the era's high tide
bureau, for instance. of bankruptcy washed out this $10 million in-
vestment. Tishman bought the property from
ARCHITECTURE AS A DRIVING FORCE NBC's trustees. Among them: the R F C , which had
Nlles taken over from the once-famed Prudence Co.
Extract from the Current Work Bulletin of Trammel Unperturbed by the stop-eviction fight or-
the Architectural League of N. Y. ganized by these well-heeled tenants, Tishman
pointed to a statute permitting eviction where
"Peter Freuchen, Explorer—Luncheon—
a building owner intends to provide more
March 25, 1948. Viggo Rambusch, Chair-
man. apartments. Said Tishman politely: "We will,
of course, offer them room in the new four- to
"This was a delightful luncheon meeting A. & P.'s
six-room units."
by the famed Arctic explorer who lived in George L.

the Arctic and gave us to understand that Hartford

all is not as difficult as we would expect if

you have a sense of humor and a capacity of
living with few if any neighbors. The lunch-
eon terminated with a few Eskimo chant^.."

Maj. Gen.
Wm. Donovan

M
 Here's what the
Barring some unforeseeable political phe-
nomenon like the nomination, of General
Eisenhower, somewhere among these
familiar faces is the next President of the
U. S. What this man thinks about house-
building will be the most influential opin-
ion in the nation over the next four years.
But since the next President is very likely
to be a Republican, with a majority in
Congress, the opinions expressed here by
ARTHUR VANDENBERG, Michi- ROBERT TAFT, Ohio's Senator the six Republican aspirants have im-
gan's Senator and Republican and co-author of the T - E - W
housing bill, was born In a big portance even beyond that. As party
foreign policy leader, is a former
newspaper publisher. He was Victorian house overlooking the leaders, these six men will write the party
born In a modest frame house In Ohio river. His 15-room Greek
Grand Rapids, now calls this Revival house (above) is on 60- platform, set party policy and dictate the
biggish brick and stucco house acre "Sky F a r m " near Cincin- character of housing legislation.
In the same city home. nati.

THOMAS DEWEY. Governor of EARL WARREN, son of a South-

HAROLD STASSEN, a lawyer, was
New York, was born over a gen- ern Pacific carbuilder, was born
three times elected Governor of
eral store in Owosso, Mich. A in a dingy 5-room house in Los
Minnesota. Born on a 40-acre
lawyer by profession, he now Angeles. A lawyer twice elected
truck farm, he now lives in this
spends weekends at this unos- Governor of California, he lives
red brick, 8-room house in South
tentatious country house at Paw- In Sacramento's gingerbread
St. Paul, which he bought for
ling, a 486-acre farm 50 miles governor's mansion.
512,500 in 1938.
from New York.

11

PRESIDENT HARRY TRUMAN was HENRY WALLACE, former vice-

JOSEPH MARTIN, Speaker of the president of the U. S., was born
born in a white cottage in
House, is also an insurance in a modest Iowa farmhouse. A
Lamar, Mo. He entered public
broker and newspaper owner. onetime farm paper editor who
life as a county Judge. When he
Born in North Attleboro, Mass. started his public career as Sec-
leaves it, he will likely return to
near the blacksmith shop where retary of Agriculture, he now
his own home In Independence,
his father worked, he owns this breeds chickens on this West-
whose filigreed cornice speaks Its
house in the same town. chester farm.
80-years.

Photos: AP, Eugene Smith, Cincinnati-Post, Wide World, Don Berg, Hansel
Meith, John Phillips, Hams & Ewing, Nina Lccn, Ed Clark, Halsman, Will
C'Vinrll, .Tim Coyne, Earl [Link], Acme.

The Architectural F O R U M June 194 8

12
next President of the U. S. thinks about Housebuilding
In view of the current housing shortage, do you think there are problems in the housebuilding industry
which the government should take action to help solve? If so^ what and how?

VANDENBERG: No comment. some unions, and ending combinations of some MARTIN: "We believe private enterprise will
TAFT; "Since 1943 when I was appointed material men and contractors, which together help the people get houses instead of blue-
chairman of a Senate subcommittee to study have prevented progress in housing compara- prints and newspaper headlines."
and formulate plans for a postwar housing ble to progress in mass production. Toward
program. I have been concerned with legisla- that end I favor major backing for architec- TRUMAN: "To obtain good housing at reason-
tion to deal with the entire housing problem tural and engineering advances in design and able prices requires broad-scale efforts to
from a long-range standpoint. Under our sys- production, with new and economical methods reduce building costs. The basic problem
tem of free enterprise, the problem must be of combining plumbing, heating, lighting and facing the housing industry in this regard is
met in the main by private industry, and gov- other utilities and use of new materials with to achieve the constant improvements in pro-
ernment can only assist and supplement. The mass on-the-site construction methods. Such ductive efficiency characteristic of other great
Taft-Ellender-Wagner bill extends and expands projects should be carried through under pri- industries of our country.
the federal help to private housing just about vate contract and only in metropolitan areas "The vigorous program of research to develop
as far as it is possible to go. I do not think we where cities, unions, and material men do mod- new building materials and more efficient
have neglected any field in our effort to stimu- ernize their rules. Results of this pioneering building methods on which the building indus-
late private housing." would be immediately available without cost try has made an encouraging start, can he
to all builders. aided by the government. In addition the
DEWEY: "For a whole generation the number government can assist the industry through a
of added units of housing has failed to keep "The government should commit itself tn sound program of research concerning the
pace with the growing population and rising remove ultimately as many units in the slums housing market and related community-devel-
standard of living. as are built in these mass production projects opment problems.
"Moreover, the art of building—particularly so as not to discourage private construction. "Restraints on channels of distribution,
construction of one-family homes—has failed Materials should be expended for these major price-fixing and other practices in violation of
economically and technologically to keep pace projects so as not to interfere with the flow the anti-trust laws add to the cost of housing.
with the ability of other industries to produce of materials for all normal types of private More vigorous enforcement of these laws
goods at constantly decreasing cost, improving building activity." depends upon the appropriation by the Con-
quality, and increasing volume. The produc- gress of additional funds that have been
tive genius of modern America has, up to now, WARREN: "Every worker should be able to se- requested for the anti-trust division."
failed the home-buyer. cure decent housing for himself and family. I
hope it can be done through private enterprise WALLACE: "Private enterprise has consis-
"The retarding factors are well known. They
and every effort should be directed toward thai tently failed to meet the housing needs of over
involve practices of construction, styles of con-
end. half the American people. Government should
struction, restrictive building codes, slavish
"Perhaps it will take some form of subsidy take direct responsibility for meeting these
adherence to traditional tastes and above all
to speed the necessary action. This could take now critical needs in the following ways:
our failure to apply to building the ingenuity,
the form of tax forgiveness, yield insurance, ^ Encourage modernization of the industry by
imagination and techniques that have made
low interest rates, or favorable leasing of supporting a national building code based on
possible the productive wonders of our time.
public land. But, if we are to do the job performance standards; by breaking monopoly
"The housing shortage is an unmet chal- control of building materials through use of
through private enterprise, we must either
lenge not only to government, but to our entire price controls, allocations and anti-trust prose-
force prices down, or offer some form of sub-
economy. It is not going to be met by any cutions; by support of pilot plants and indus-
sidy in order to provide a sufficient number of
single, sudden stroke of genius. It merits the trialization of the house building industry,
low-rental units for the workers who need
most intense thought and effort of us all com- through loans and subsidies where needed;
housing desperately.
bined with study and effort on a new scale to and by providing adequate funds and direction
bring down the costs of construction." "The alternative would seem to be a suffi-
for research and planning.
cient amount of public housing to fill this
STASSEN: "In addition to the current pro- need." • Establish a long-range government housing
grams, I consider that the federal government Warren also thinks that the federal gov- and community development program for
should make a major effort to break through ernment should initiate a conference on families not provided for by private enterprise,
the lag in building methods. This retjuires building code reform and should be more on a sufficient scale to supplant outworn
federal leadership toward modernizing build- effective in pressing anti-trust actions in the dwelling units and provide for housing needs
ing ordinances, lifting restrictive practices of building field. on a continuing basis."

Are you in favor of the Taft-Ellender-W agner general housing bill?

VANDENBERG voted for the T-E-W general hous- DEWEY: No comment. the Taft-Ellender-Wagner Bill." The Governor
ing bill and voted against an amendment of- has declared himself especially interested in
STASSEN: " I approve the T-E-W as it passed
fered on the Senate floor to strip off its public the bill's provisions for attracting private cap-
the Senate April 22. 1948 with the Flanders
housing provision. ital into rental housebuilding and for federal
amendments. But the program I have recom-
loan grants to launch private rebuilding of
mended above and given in more detail in the blighted areas.
TAFT joined with Senators EUender and Wag- housing chapter of my book Where I Stand
ner in introducing this comprehensive housing would be more desirable." MARTIN told a recent press conference that,
bill in 1945. He has actively (and unsuccess- while the T-E-W housing bill hasn't been given
fully) sponsored it every year since. WARREN: "With minor rcMivalioiis, I favor (Continued on page 14)
 for prompt passage of the T-E-W bill. • Adjust present cost limitations upwards to
the same high priority as ilie draft and recip-
cover today's high construction cosL
rocal trade extension bills, House Republicans WALLACE: " I am in favor of the T-E-W bill
still have some kind of long-range housing bill with reservations. Since 90 per cent of the • Increase farm construction and repair loans
on their "must" hst for this session. He did benefits under the present bill are for high- three times.
not specify what kind of bill it would be. cost housing, we propose these amendments: • Prohibit discrimination and segregation in
• Increase pubhc housing five times. federally aided housing."
TRUMAN has many times appealed to Congress

Do you think federal government should take responsibility for building low rent
housing for the lower income group? If so, how many units a year should be built?
more important ultimately in housing than is
VANDENBERG voted for the New Deal housing should be limited to about one-tenth of all
housing being built and should be available direct building for lower income groups.**
program, but objected to the per unit cost of
public housing as higher than what 80 per to persons whose income is 20 per cent less
WARREN: "Public housing is a device of last
cent of taxpayers could afford to pay for their than that required to pay the rents for private
resort."
own homes. He also objected to the "emer- housing—not necessarily new—available in
gency" pressure back of the bill and observed, the community. I would hope that in time MARTIN \ n i i j against l l i e Net which launched
"Let us remember that this bill runs for 60 private industry will have found methods of the USHA low-cost housing program and, ac-
years; and, my God, we are not going to have reducing costs that may eliminate the need for cording to the National Public Housing Con-
60 years of emergency, are we?" He voted any further public housing." ference, has consistently opposed pubhc hous-
against T V A . ing legislation since.
DEWEY: "The great job ahead must be to get
TAFT: "We have also to meet the question aris- the benefit of private funds and expert private TRUMAN: "The measures for cost reduction
ing from the many areas of slum dwellings management. It will be cheaper. It will do a which I have recommended—even when they
which have gradually developed. While pri- better job. It seems clear to me that we become fully effectiwe—will not provide ade-
vate enterprise is replacing many of these, must first develop a great combination of all
quate housing within the reach of our lowest-
experience of 50 years has shown that private the investment resources in our cities for the
income families.
building does not ehminate the slums; and the clearing of great areas and the building of
result of simply tearing them down is to "We have a national responsibility to assure
large projects with private capital from in-
develop slums in other areas exactly as the surance companies, banks and individuals." that decent housing is available to all our
previous slums were developed. people. To do this we must resume the pro-
The Dewey administration has spent $70 gram of public aid to low-rent housing, first
"The difficulty which has created this situa- million for emergency housing for veterans
tion is that housing is still too expensive for authorized under the U . S. housing act of 1937.
and has administered a $300 million fund for
the income of the people. There is a considera- " I recommend that the Congress authorize
state-subsidized public housing set up in 1939.
ble group of persons who are unable to pay sufficient Federal funds to permit construction
Dewey asked the legislature for a $135 milhon
for decent houses. If we could reduce the cost by local housing authorities of 100,000 pubhc
increase in the public housing fund in 1947.
of housing sufficiently, we might solve the housing units each year for the next five years."
problem without any governmental subsidy. STASSEN: "With the extreme shortage that
But until that is done, some plan of subsidized now exists, it is desirable for the government WALLACE: "For the present emergency, the
housing for the lowest income groups must be to build 125.000 units of low rent housing a government should build four milhon low rent
devised. I believe that such a plan is only year for at least four years as provided in housing units in two years. Thereafter, enough
possible through a public housing program S. 866. Greater emphasis on state and local to supplement private building in a general
through which rentals are subsidized for the contributions is desirable. Federal leadership program to house the homeless in decent
lowest income groups only. Such housing in the improvement of building methods is homes and apartments within ten years.**

Have you any suggestions for improvements or changes in FHA credit assistance to private housebuilding enterprise:

VANDENBERG: No comment prices. A great many workers and veterans, in financing methods. In the case of on-site
made desperate by the absence of rental units, construction I recommend that the government
TAFT'S bill provides for extending F H A credit
aided and abetted by the federal government be authorized to guarantee loans for working
assistance to longer term mortgages for low-
and egged on by salesmen, have chained them- capital during the period before regular mort-
cost houses and for cooperatives, to yield in-
selves to over-valued and often shoddy houses, gage loan financing is available. In the case
surance for rental housing, to production loans
to the tune of $60, $70, or $80 a month, when of prefabrication I recommend that the gov-
for prefabers and large-scale builders, etc. ernment's present power to guarantee produc-
they ought to be renting at $40 or $50.
DEWEY: No comment "Here in California we have a financing set- tion loans should be extended to cover the
STASSEN: "The T-E-W bill is satisfactory in up for veterans that enables them to buy entire period between the time the house is
started in the plant and its site erection."
its credit assistance provisions." houses and farms at 3 per cent, but prevents
WARREN: "In the construction of homes, it is them from going in debt over their heads for WALLACE: " F H A credit assistance to private
the shortage of materials and inflationary overinflated or inferior properties. As much housebuilding enterprise could be considerably
prices that retard progress. It is not lack of should be done on a national scale." improved by increasing the amortization period
financing. MARTIN: No comment. of the mortgage, reducing interest rates, and
"Up to now, the net effect of federal par- TRUMAN: "The development of large-scale changing the method of operation to serve
ticipation has been to help those who could operations, both on-site construction and pre- average families instead of the upper 10 per
afford to purchase homes at ever mounting fabrication, has been delayed by serious gaps cent"

Would you favor a Cabinet post for housing and planning?

STASSEN: " I favor a reorganization of the fed- proper assignment for an assistant secretary in WALLACE: " I would give Cabinet status to the
eral government, streamlining it on business one of the major departments such as Com- Federal Works Agency and center housing and
executive hnes, and I would view housing as a merce or Interior." planning operations there."

J T h - A r r h i W u r . l F O R U M June I94fl
 LOXIDE PRECUT SYSTEM ADAPTED
FOR ARCHITECT-DESIGNED HOUSE
BARRIER FALLS
Race covenant ban opens new building R i c h a r d (iunip. head of S a n F r a n -
market, may cut prices on old property. cisco's famed Gump's department
store, has been doing a lot of talking
When the Supreme Court ruled that race about the new house he is building in
restrictive covenants can no hmger be Sausolito, Since G u m p knows a lot
enforced by State courts, it removed the of well-to-do San F r a n c i s c a n s , his en-
last of the legal barriers which have pinned thusiasm for the structural system
U . S. minority groups i n r a c i a l a n d reli- being used in his house makes him
gious ghettoes (see F o r u m , J a n . ' 4 6 ) . With an excellent promotion man for L o x -
this collapsing legal barrier went the main ide Structures, I n c . , which supplied
prop supporting artificially high prices on it. T h i s T a c o m a firm precuts lumber
residential r e a l estate in crowded Negro according to a system of overlapping
neighborhoods, and many an investor was vertical planks. These planks are
already re-examining his portfolio. locked together by plywood splines
L o r e n Miller, a L o s Angeles lawyer wh«> and the whole joint is reinforced by
helped argue the race-restrictive covenant an inside batten (see d r a w i n g ) . T h e
cases in the U . S. Supreme Court, said overlap gives structural support ap-
in the Nation: " T h e decision . . . admits proximately e q u a l to 6 in. studding.
Negroes and members of other proscribed VERTICAL PLANKS OVERLAP AND INTERLOCK
T h e system was tried out by the Navy
groups to the open housing market from -'i loxide Dotten for A l a s k a n barracks during the war
which they have been excluded for three and is now being widely sold on the
p. plywood spline
decades. T h a t exclusion . . . forced the ' West Coast for s m a l l houses, built ac-
10 or I2d nailB
Negro buyer or renter to pay whatever cording to L o x i d e standard plans.
l2"o.C.(verlicoll¥)
price was exacted in an artificial seller's
Gump's architect, F r a n c i s c o J . C e n -
market. T h e Negro buyer can now drive a
turion, J r . . chose to use L o x i d e siding
sharper bargain, and one of the immediate
in the larger house shown here
results may well be a decline i n property
because he likes the overall texture
prices in defined Negro neighborhoods."
of the overlapping verticals. I f G u m p
The Court's decision also spotlighted a has his way. a good deal more L o x i d e
still seriously undersupplied section of the may appear in California custom-
cornice
Building market: the large number of built houses.
Negroes (one-tenth of the nation) who can
afford to buy new houses and good quality
used housing. Said Miller: "Advantaged
middle-class Negroes will certainly begin
to seek homes in preferred residential dis-
tricts, and by overbidding the market will
just as surely find willing sellers."

Gentlemen's Agreement. I f the last legal bar-

rier to the f u l l and free operation of the
housing market was gone, other barriers
still remained. These were the barriers of
public opinion (which has long confused
the appearance of urban blight with the
appearance of a minority g r o u p ) , of financ- J
ing uncertainties ( F H A , heretofore asking
for the protection of race-restrictive cove-
nants, has not yet indicated what its policy
will now be in insuring properties in neigh-
borhoods in the line of Negro expansion)
1
and of "gentlemen's agreements."
Y—^ NAILING REINFORCES LOCKING SPLINE
T h e Supreme C o u r t decision did not ban OVERLAPPING VERTICAL MEMBERS IN C E D A R GIVE HOUSE A RICH TEXTURAL FINISH
"gentlemen's agreements" to keep minority
groups out of "protected" neighborhoods.
It merely said that parties to such agree-
ments cannot ask the courts to enforce
them. T h i s means that if a Negro is able
to persuade an individual owner to sell him
a home in a "restricted" neighborhood,
adjoining property owners w i l l no longer
be able to go into court and obtain an
injunction stopping the sale and disposses-
m
ing the Negro. Such injunctions have
hitherto been granted by lower courts and
sustained in a number of cases by state
courts.

(Continued on page 16)

flt't
 The Supreme Court ruled for the first BASEMENTLESS BOOST ITOIIM iMH
••.cr.a«-.3'«"
time that use of the courts to enforce a An efficient utility " e l l " is cheaper
private covenant is exercise of slate power $cnecN DOO«.s.
L o n g one of tl.t- banners of modern archi- OTMEB, ftOl-Ky
and, as s u c h , unconstitutional. "These are O B J tCTS
tecture, the basementless house has been |«0 CU. fT.
cases in which the states have made avail-
endorsed by the first documented study of
able . . . the f u l l coercive power of the
exactly how much it saves in construction [Link] S E C T I O N THKC UCH C LOSET
governm<-iit to di ny l.i pclitioncrs. on the
cost. I n a t y p i c a l small house, a storage
grounds of race or color, the enjoyment
and utility "ell" c a n be provided at $435
of properly rights in premises which peti-
less cost than a basement—according to a ABOV t
tioners are willing and financially able to cost analysis made by technicians i n the
acquire and which the grantors are willing Housing and Home F i n a n c e Agency.
to sell."
While a l l architects know that space pro- L *UNDB.V
E x c l u s i o n of racial and religious minori-
vided at the first floor level for storage,
ties has always been part of a bigger prob- YWASHINO
laundry, etc. means extra convenience in MACHINE
lem—the spread of blighted urban areas.
household operation, some builders and
At various times in U . S. history, one
home buyers have wondered if it doesn't
minority group or another has dominated
mean extra cost, too. Now H H F . A . figuring M TC H
the unskilled and poorly paid worker force WAUL
on the basis of current costs in the Wash-
of an area. This group then tended to
ington, D . C . metropolitan area, says no and
become identified with the slum housing in
proves it with this cost breakdown:
which it was obliged to live. F o r example,
in Boston and some Midwestern communi-
ties, there are still remnants of old restric-
tive clauses aimed at I r i s h workers who
Deductions $2.<02
Additions •.667
came over i n great numbers i n the post- SAVINGS THROUGH THE ELIMINATION OF BASEMENT:
C i v i l W a r period to do pick and shovel Savings S 435
work on the railroads.
DETAILED BREAKDOWN OF COST DIFFERENCES—Deductions a n d a d d i t i o n s reflect t h e cost
Slums are Slums. City planners and thought- d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e h o u s e w i t h a b a s e m e n t a n d t h e s a m e house w i t h o u t a b a s e m e n t b u t w i t h
an a t t a c h e d u t i l i t y ell on t h e first floor l e v e l . C o s t s i n c l u d e c o n t r a c t o r ' s o v e r h e a d a n d profit.
ful property owners know that basically it
is the rot that spreads f r o m older city sec- DEDUCTIONS ADDITIONS EXPLANATIO'
tions that damages property—and not the
Quantity Quantity
appearance of a minority group. That
BASEMENT
slums are slums no matter who lives in them Bulk excavation.
185 cu. yds. 95.
has been amply demonstrated in E n g l a n d , Trench excavation.
2 cu. yds. 4.
where the population is m u c h more homo- Backfill.
23 cu. yds. 16.
W a l l footings.
geneous. 116 ft. 52.
880 sq. f t . 685. Basement foundation walls, parging and damp-
Some facts that sketch the size and shape proofing.
56 B a s e m e n t w i n d o w s plus screens.
of the Negro market for good quality pri- 5 windows
32 ft. 94. Girder plus two columns with footings.
vate housing came last month from the B a s e m e n t floor s l a b on g r a v e l fill.
757 s q . ft. 232.
H o u s i n g and Home F i n a n c e Agency. Ne- 116 ft. 18. W a l l plate or s i l l .
1 stair 37. Basement stairs.
groes doubled their earnings during the war
period and made substantial improvement. FIRST FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
312. W o o d j o i s t floor f r a m i n g a n d s u b - f l o o r i n g .
in their housing. T h e y became home own- 832 sq. f t .
600 sq. ft. 388. F i n i s h wood flooring a n d p a p e r u n d e r l a y .
ers: proportion of nonfarm home owner.^ Floor covering and plywood u n d e r l a y — k i t c h e n and
117 sq. ft. 69.
among Negroes rose by 40 per cent, amoiig bathroom.
whites by only 27 per cent. T h e y paid high- E n t r a n c e p l a t f o r m s at g r a d e in lieu of e l e v a t e d
platforms and steps.
er rents: by 1947 one out of every ten 23 Perimeter forms.
141 f t .
Negro families living in nonfarm rental 969 s q . f t . 452 R e i n f o r c e d slab on g r a v e l fill. S l a b t h i c k e n e d u n d e r
e x t e r i o r w a l l s a n d b e a r i n g p a r t i t i o n s . Roofing felt
housing was paying $40 or more a month
under slab.
T h e y moved into better quality housing: 160 Insulation a n d flashing at slab perimeter.
141 ft.
the proportion of nonfarm houses occupied 733 sq. f t . 210 F l o o r c o v e r i n g ( e x p o s e d s l a b in h e a t e r s p a c e a n d
s t o r a g e c l o s e t s in u t i l i t y e l l ) .
by Negroes which were in good structural
condition with private bath a n d toilet in- U T I L I T Y E L L ( F l o o r s l a b i n c l u d e d in " F i r s t F l o o r
Construction")
creased by 57 per cent; the increase for
144 sq. ft. 152 E x t e r i o r wall f r a m i n g , s h e a t h i n g , paper, siding,
whites was only 19 per cent. c o r n i c e a n d r a k e m o l d i n g s , a n d p a i n t i n g , plus
two c o r n e r s a n d one l o u v e r .
But how f a r the supply of Negro housing W i n d o w , plus w e a t h e r s t r i p p i n g , screen and shade.
1 window 51
still falls short of need was also clear in 1 door 52 E x t e r i o r door.
39 Partition framing.
H H F A ' s statistical footprint of the 1940- 216 sq. ft.
33 Ceiling framing and insulation.
136 sq. ft.
47 period. Samples: W a l l a n d ceiling flinish and decorating.
638 sq. ft. 174
Interior doors.
• About 2.7 million Negroes migrated in 2 doors 91
24 Interior base.
these w a r years, and most of them left the 41 f t .
186 sq. ft. 64 Roof f r a m i n g a n d s h e a t h i n g , p l u s t w o v a l l e y s .
farm for cities. 156 s q . ft. 30 Roof c o v e r i n g a n d u n d e r l a y , p l u s f l a s h i n g two
• The Negro population increased at a valleys.
14 ft. 9 Gutters.
much faster rate than the number of dwell-
11 f t . 8
Downspout, plus one splash block.
ing units it occupied (11.6 per cent vs. 6.9
per c e n t ) . T h e reverse w a s true for whites PLUMBING
40 L a u n d r y t r a y a n d w a t e r h e a t e r r e - l o c a t e d on first
(7.5 per cent vs. 12.5 per c e n t ) . T h e urban
floor l e v e l .
Negro population rose by one-third; its
HEATING
housing supply by only one-fourth. 55 Forced w a r m air system with metal prefabricated
• B y 1947, the proportion of substandard c h i m n e y in lieu of g r a v i t y w a r m a i r s y s t e m w i t h
masonry chimney.
houses occupied by Negroes w a s still al-
most six times as high as that for whites. Total $2,102 Total $1,667

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 CLOSE THE DOOR
FOR SCHOOLS
O N TRAGEDY
WITH
.mm

WELDWOOD
HOSPITALS

HOTELS
FIREPROOF
Mi*
INSTITUTIONS DOORS
A Wood-faced Fireproof Door
which carries the Underwriters' label
9
OFFICE BUILDINGS

I Jl II
APARTMENT HOUSES
V i n d t r t t o o r i t e r s ' I C a b o r a t o r i e B
^ INSPECTED y,
FIRE DOOR FOR OPENING IN VERTICAL SHAFT ^

This metal label is fastened to the top edge

of every Weldwood Fireproof Door.
 FIRI

Red Dowel Fireproofed

A red dowel, set into Edge Banding

1
the stile edge band 4 Door is completely banded
inches from the top, on all four edges with
permanently identifies solid, fire-proofed hard-
allWeldwood Fireproof wood that matches the
Flush Doors. faces.

Kaylo Core
Core of the door is
the new incombus-
tible Kaylo mineral
insulation, man-
ufactured by Amer-
ican S t r u c t u r a l
Products Co.. sub-
sidiary of Owens
Illinois Glass
Company. Look at the superiority of Weldwood Fireproof Doors over conventional n<
fireproof, 6-panel doors. After nine minutes and six seconds, panels of conv.
tional door have burned through. In an actual building, the room behind 1
Cross Banding conventional door would already be a seething mass of flames.
1/16" veneer cross
banding is bonded
to Kaylo core with
T E G O waterproof
resinous phenolic
glue.

Face Veneer
At present, hand-
some Birch veneer
forms the hard-
wood faces. A wide
variety of other
decorative woods
available on special
order.

This beautiful new Weldwood Fireproof flush Picture taken from the inside ten minutes after fire started shows absolute p
door provides much-needed fire protection for tection afforded by Weldwood Fireproof Door. After withstanding the inte
office buildings, hotels, hospitals, schools, and fire for sixty minutes, the Weldwood Fireproof Door still prevented passage
other large public buildings. It is available in
1^4" thickness and in standard sizes. fire, smoke, heat, gases and remained cool to the touch on the unexposed si
 Increased Safety
The only wood-faced fireproof door which bears
the Underwriters' label. A l l Weldwood Fireproof
Doors are approved for class B openings.

Beaufy
Because of their beautiful wood faces Weldwood
2. Fireproof Doors harmonize perfectly with any
decorative scheme. A t present, Weldwood F i r e -
proof Doors are faced with beautiful Birch veneer.
A large variety of other handsome hardwood faces
is also available on special order.

Durability
The Underwriters' Laboratories tested
3. a Weldwood Fireproof Door for durability by
mechanically opening and closing it 200,000 times.
It was slammed shut with considerable force
100.000 times. At the end of the test, the door was
unaffected and still opened and closed perfectly.

Dimensfona/ Stability
Weldwood Fireproof Doors are so dimensionally
stable that we guarantee them against sticking in
summer or ratthng in winter due to any dimen-
sional changes in the door.

A Weldwood Door with K a y l o core, after being

subjected to unusual and extremely severe condi-
tions for almost three years, is still operating per-
fectly, and is as good as the day it was installed.
N O W , FOR THE FIRST T I M E , Y O U C A N O B T A I N The inside of the door has been subjected con-
stantly to a relative humidity of 90° to 9 5 ° , and
A B S O L U T E FIRE P R O T E C T I O N COMBINED WITH the opposite side exposed to the natural elements
of the weather. There is still no warpage and no
THE RICH BEAUTY OF REAL W O O D - F A C E D DOORS change dimensionally!

Weldwood Fireproof Doors bear the official label of the Under-

writers' Laboratories (official testing agency for fire insurance Light Weight
underwriters).
At last . . . a really fireproof door that is not heavy
They attained the one-hour fire rating by withstanding a free- or unwieldy. A child can open and close Weldwood
Fireproof Doors with ease. A standard 3 x 7 door
burning fire for one hour, the ultimate temperature being 1700 .
weighs approximately 80 lbs.
And after that, the impact of a 30-pound pressure hose stream,
applied 20 feet from the fire side, for one minute.
Vermin and Decay Proof
Tests indicate that Weldwood Fireproof Doors could have

6.
saved much of the life and property loss caused by major hotel The mineral composition K a y l o core used in
fires in recent years. T h e National Fire Protective Association, Weldwood Fireproof Doors is permanently resist-
ant to fungus, decay, and termites. T h i s superior
in its official report of the WinecofT Hotel fire, says: "A single
and trouble-free door is made to last.'
fifty-dollar door installation at tfie entrance to the stairway from
tfie third floor (if closed) would have prevented the spread of
fire to upper floors." High Insulating Qualities
Weldwood Fireproof Doors are a must for hospitals, schools, Another noteworthy characteristic of Kaylo insu-
lation is its high insulating value over a wide
institutions, offices, and apartment buildings.
range of temperatures. It is efficient against tem-
And these amazing doors are as beautiful as they are safe! peratures from freezing up to that of superheated
steam. A Weldwood Fireproof Door installed with
They're dimensionally stable . . . stay straighter and are lighter
weather stripping provides more insulation than
in weight than other fireproof doors. T h e original cost is mod- double glazing.
erate, maintenance cost is practically non-existent, and Weld-
wood Fireproof Doors last for the life of the building.
Moderate Cost
Only the amazing new Weldwood Fireproof Door offers all
those advantages! For additional information write to: United Hospitals, schools, institutions. of?ices and apart-
ment buildings cannot afford to be without the
States Plywood Corporation, New York 18, N. Y . S. architectural beauty and absolute fire protection
of Weldwood Fireproof Doors. Investigate these
doors for use on your next job. Y o u will be pleas-
UNITED STATES P L Y W O O D C O R P O R A T I O N antly surprised at the low initial cost, and the
minimum of maintenance required.
55 West 44th Street, New York I S , N. Y.
 C o n s t r u c t i o n Details of

WELDWOOD
FIREPROOF DOORS

Wood Edge Banding 3'-0'

3/4
The entire perimeter of the door is banded
i l l
with genuine hardwood, treated with Pro-
texol Class "A" fireproof agent.

Composition of Core
Hydrous calcium silicate with fiber binder,
having a nominal density of twenty (20)
pounds per cubic foot. T h e material tested
in flexure as a simple beam will have an
average module of rupture of 150 p.s.i.

Adhesive

Core and wood edge bandings bonded to-

gether with W E L D W O O D U R E A 250-2.
Entire core sized two sides to insure perfect
glue bond of cross bands to core. Cross bands
and faces bonded to core by H O T P L A T E
process ,with waterproof Tego sheet resin-
ous phenolic glue.

Veneers

1/24" Birch faces — 1/16" cross banding.

•!4

The i n d i v i d u a l
sections of Kaylo
core are joined
together with
tongue-and- The Kaylo core of the Weldwood
groove joints as Fireproof door is made up of accu-
shown in detail rately designed sections as illustrated
sketch at right. above. This method of construction
This assures max- assures complete dimensional stabil-
imum strength ity and is the result of extensive test-
and rigidity. ing and experimentation.

UNITED STATES PLYWOOD CORPORATION

55 West 44th Street, New York 18, N. Y .
Dhtnhvtind units in Baltimore. Boston. Brooklyn. ChicaRo. Cincinnati. Cleveland. Detroit. Fresno. Hifth Point. Los AnRelcs.
Milwaukee. Newark, New York. Oakland. Philndclphin. Pittshurch. Portlund. Ore : RocheBtcr. San Francisco. Seattle. Also U.h.-
Mencel Plywoods. Inc. distributinR units in Atlanta. Dallas. Houston. Texas: [Link]. Louisville. New Orleans. St. Louis.
T a m p a . In Canndn: United States Plywood of Canada, Limited. Toronto. Send inquiries to ni-arest point.
 • A l m o s t "two for the price of one," C a s e T w i n - D u t y bathrooms can enable

y o u to r e c o n c i l e t h e o p p o s e d d e m a n d s o f e c o n o m y a n d l i v i n g c o n v e n i e n c e . Y o u g a i n e c o n o m y through

s u b s t a n t i a l s a v i n g s of floor a r e a as well as l o w e r installation cost. Y o u s e r v e c o n v e n i e n c e by providing

two or even three distinct units, e a c h with full privacy. Ideal for T w i n - D u t y installations are the

famous C a s e vitreous c h i n a T ' N * Water Closet and Cosmette lavatory. The T / N is a free-standing,

non-overflow, quiet fixture only 19" h i g h o v e r a l l . T h e C o s m e t t e offers g e n e r o u s b o w l a r e a in s p a c e as

s m a l l a s 2 0 " x I S V z " o v e r a l l , h a s a h a n d y s h e l f a r e a a n d c o n c•t^alc(|

e a l e d front overflow. Case pp lluunm b i n g
fixtures are distributed nationally by leading wholesalers, w h o s e

n a m e s are listed in C l a s s i f i e d T e l e p h o n e Directories.

W. A. Case & S o n Mfg. C o . , Buffalo 3, N. Y . Founded 1853.

17
 satisfies the needs of F r a n c e today but it
wind. T h i s gives yon some idea of mortar
HANDS ACROSS THE SEA is no longer useful for A m e r i c a .
adhesion to glass lilock.
Forum: , | ( ) i i \ S. ."^wnii iKU. .1R.
H. W. PAUL
It is hardly pos^^ilile to [Link] the I ' M I . W I I I T M ; ' ! W
Toledo, Ohio
value, which has T h e F O R L M for iis. D u t c h I'mis. Fitniic
architecture students. I c a n assure you. It sure does.—ED.
llial every month, after the a r r i v a l of your MODULOR RESERVE
iiiu<::i/ine. my room is crowded with friends RURAL VENTILATION
of mine, who a l l want to be the first to Forum:
l''nruiii: 1 wish to thank your reader Courtlanil C .
have a look at the issue. Every time it is a
We are very pleased with T h e FORUM'S I'[Link]: fur inlric>l on llir Mi'diildi-
surprise what T h e F O R U M brings.
presentation of our tenant house, think I l-'eli. "49) and for the research leading to
And it is only due to our lark of dollars
that you have done a r e m a r k a b l y fine job in his pro|)osal to base I he two Modulor si-ries
that lots of young architects don't have the
iippurtuiiity to take their own sul).scri|)tion. getting into the article so many of the on the inch.

There is not anything of that kiiul in points we were trying to make. I would like to note some nnue divi-r-
H..lland. . . . R e g a r d i n g your statement about lack of gences of opinion on the M o d u l o r which
F. W . D E V L A M I N G . A r c h i t e c t cross ventilation in the second-floor bed- came to my attention while working on its
Delft, [Link].s rooms, we too have been gr<'ally concerned praelieal applications in the desijiii licM.
about that and. in our set of blueprints .Art historians view Moduh)r with certain
developed since sending you material on reserve. T h e harnionic scale is a newcomer
Fnruni:
the house, we have included windows in in the architectural field, in spite of the
Fve been taking T h e Foiti M for the past
the north wall of both bedrooms . . . fact that B r a m a n t e and P a l l a d i o have used
year or so, and am of the opinion that it's
(iRAcr: MoRiN it in developing some id' iheir jilans. Art
a top r a n k i n g architectural magazine, both
[Link] of R u r a l Housing lii--lorians are more intdined to trust the
in the United K i n g d o m and the U . S. A .
Cornell F n i v e r s i l y right angle triangle with sides projxtrlional
T h a t is my humble opinion which I offer
Ithaca, N. Y. to 3, 4, 5 w h i c h enable the P e r s i a n archi-
by way of congratulations to a staff which
tects to design their domes, or the Price
really keeps up with, and are sometimes
triangle with sides of 1. A </)<^. which is
ahead of contemporary architecture . . . . FRANCE FOREVER
responsible for unipiestionable buildings
However. F d like to see some reference Forum; like ihe great pyramids. A n y t h i n g as reoMil
sections on a l l aspects of architecture. T h i s
We A m e r i c a n s enrolled at the E c i d e Des as the Renaissance is obviously subject to
isn't an original idea, but is what appeared
Heaux A r t s and graduates of Y a l e Scho<d 11'\ ablation.
in 1939 i,ssues of ihe British architectural
of A r c h i t e c t u r e were very interested in T h e
magazine then known as "Architfctural Reservatiims were expressed also by
FORUM review ( F e b . '48) of the schooFs
Design & Construction." 1 think sections some who are particularly inv<dved in ihe
exhibit.
like those are really invaluable to everyone problems of "modidar coordination." Like
Y o u r opinion is accurate in a way, but
in the profession. Mr. F l e m i n g , they disagree with the basic
we feel that the exhibit was not compleltdy
MARK P. DAVIU magnitude of M o d u l a r — a man 6 ft. Iiiiili.
representative. T h e r e was a great amount
Chun. S. II iilr.s. En III and Hart land T h o m a s , member (d I lie Arcliilec-
of preciousness . . . and imperviousness t«i
tural S c i e n c e B o a r d of the R o y a l Institute
|)resent day conditions, although at the
of British Architect.s. writes; " T h i s stanilard
POROUS GLASS BLOCKS? same lime there were some few students
man is smaller than me and taller llian
attempting to do intelligent contemporary
Forum: you." H e is more in favor of a magniluile
\\ nrk.
of 40 in. adopled by ( i m p i i i s and Konrad
There is a statement in connection with
. . . T h e trouble with the place lies partly Wachsman in the (ii-neral Panel (iorp. s
glass block ( F O R U M , M a r . '48, p. 164) that
with the students who arc caught between house, as a minimum lateral dimension for
i> suHiciently inaccurate to call for a com-
the a r c h a i c school system and the present a human encdosiire (stairs, w . c , e t c . ) . T h e
ment.
way of life in F r a n c e , students who fin<l double of this magnitude. 80 in. instead of
In describing " F l a s t i c Sealant.'' the fol-
themselves accepting the type of problems the 89 in. of Modulor. will be sufficient for
lowing commeiU is made: " A s glass blocks
given them because they believe that more a ndniminn vertical dimension for a human
are not porous, ordinary mortar cannot
realistic projects would not any better pre- enclosure. However, roughly speaking-. Ill
form ;i i^oml mechanical bond. T h u s c r a c k s
pare them for what they can expect after in. is the equivalent of a meter ami. 1
develop in the mortar from shrinkage,
graduation^—peoples' tremendous respect believe the problem should be formiilai. d
water enters, freezes and causes the block
for tradition, authority and age; no res|)on- as f(dlows;
to c r a c k . "
sibility until the age of 4 0 ; a n d very little
\ i tually. Portland cenx-rU-lime-sand mor- work anyway. .Should the Modulor or any other har-
tar as specified f o r glass block construction monic scale be based im any existing sy-lcm
However the m a j o r portion of the blame
pn)duces a very good bond for any type of of measurements, metric ( ( i r o p i u s . Mart-
lies with the stuffy administration of the
;.;la-s block that is manufactured in ibis land T h o m a s ) ; inch and foot ( C o u r t l a n d
E c o l e . in spite of M r . [Link]'s [Link] picture.
country. W i n d pressure tests have been run
C . F l e m i n g 1 : or on a man's lieighi IIOWIMT
The school does not encourage intelligent
on medium sized panels with no wall ties
a r b i t r a r y this height may b e ? A n d . last
contemporary design; it still [Link] upon
in I hem so that resistance to failure
the esquisse. the rendered problem, and the but not least, should we have faith only in
de|)endeil entirely upon mortar bond and
profound respect for the Beaux A r t s tradi- systems proved by five millenia of praclicey
mortar strength. A panel of 8 in. blocks
tions. The result is that students still S T A M O PAI'AUAKI
6 X 10 ft. so constructed has withstood
design in the Renaissance fashion whether New York. N. Y.
panel pressure-of more than 2.500 lbs.
they like it or not.. . . . . . liuni?- En.
before failure. T h i s is equivalent to the
pressure developed by a 115 mile per hour We think llie Beaux Arts system si III (Continued on pane 22)

18 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 DOUBiE DUTY

I N S U L I T E
SEALED LOK-JOINT LATH ^/WS/D£; . . . BILDRITE SHEATHING (OUTSIDE)

INSULATES

BUILDS

Y o u give y o u r client cJouhle value w h e n you build this wall—inside a n d outside—with

Double-duty Insulite. It insulates a s it builds . . . T W O duties for the price of one. O n the

outside; Bildrite Sheathing not only provides superior b r a c i n g strength, but extra insulating

value. O n the inside; Sealed L o k - J o i n t L a t h does m o r e than provide a firm strong plaster

b a s e — i t m a k e s an insulated plaster b a s e — w a r m e r in winter, cooler in s u m m e r . T h e t w o

together guard against inner wall condensation.

4 , .

Refer to Sweet t File,

Archilecluiol Section )0a/9

INSULITE
INSULATES AS IT . . . BUILDS

BUILDS AS IT INS U LAT

"Inwiiia" 11 « (•jiiiet.d
I k e GENUIMF [Link] in<ili, U S.P«[Link]>

IKJSULITE Divisro'. •|(a|«y'' M iNNESOr* a ONmi'iD

^APER ^^^^'^ COMPANY
MINNEAPOLIS I. MINNESOTA

19
 Why Hotpoint Kitchens Are
The Measure Of Value
All America Recognizes Hotpoint
As Leader In Kitchen Planning—
As Maker Of Finest Appliances
A L E R T A R C H I T E C T S a n d builders k n o w that
J~\ today's measure o f value i n home b u y i n g is
the kitchen. T h e y k n o w , too, that it pays to m a k e

Ufi stop and look

the kitchen a real showplace, since the cost o f the
kitchen is n o w only about 5 % o f the total cost of
the house as compared to a prewar 1 0 % .

atthe kitchens! These same leaders are q u i c k to capitalize o n

Hotpoint's reputation as A m e r i c a ' s foremost kitchen
planner and as the pioneer of A l l - E l e c t r i c K i t c h e n s .
T h i r t y m i l l i o n people k n o w that H o t p o i n t means
the finest in electric appliances.

ffy Ritcfien is M y

A Hotpoint All-Electric Kitchen creates confi-

dence i n the quality o f the whole house—makes
today's prices easier for prospects to take in stride.
A n d often the cost of the appliances may be included
in a "package mortgage!' See Sweet's C a t a l o g for
details o r consult your H o t p o i n t D i s t r i b u t o r .
Hot]X)int Inc., a General Electric AlTiliate

5600 W . Taylor Street, Chicaijo

Hotpoint has everything for the kitchen and laundry:

RANGES • REFRIGERATORS • FREEZERS • D I S H W A S H E R S • DISPOSALLS*

CABINETS • SINKS • WATER HEATERS • FLATPLATE IRONERS • ROTARY

IRONERS • WRINGER-TYPE WASHERS • DRYERS

'Reg. U.S. I'Bt. Off.

P I O N E E R O F THE A L L - E L E C T R I C K I T C H E N

20 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 Dangerous arcs are snuffed instantaneously
by BuUDog's exclusive Vacu-Break Arcing
Chamber.

y-Fusc failures and damaging high temper-

atures are reduced by self-aligning "Clamp-
matic Contacts."

yFewer moving parts means less chance for

trouble—fewer calls for maintenance men.

^ No more broken switch handles. BullDog's

husky rocker-^type handle operates with maxi-
mum ease and is built to withstand abuse.

Skinned knuckles and distortion of cables

are eliminated . . . ample wiring space for
easy installation.

T h i s c u t a w a y v i e w of arcing cham-
ber, with part of cover removed,
shows how the pressure contacts
operate in a minimized air space
which confines and reduces arcing.

Attractive, efficient BullDog Vacu-Breok Safety Switches

come in various capacities. BullDog manufactures Vacu-
Breok Safety Switches • SofToFuse Panels • Superba and
Rocker Type tighting Panels • Switchboards • Circuit Master
Breakers • "Lo-X" Feeder BUStribution DUCT • "Plug-in"
Type BUStribution DUCT • Universal Trol-E-Duct for flexible
ighting • Industrial Trol-E-Duct for portable tools, cranes,
and hoists.

o parking for arcing

in Vacu-Bre ale switciies
A R C H I T E C T S w h o specify BullDog V a c u - B r e a k switches
^ are never bothered w i t h post-installation k i c k -
backs. These switches a r e free from dangerous arcing,
See a B u l l D o g V a c u - B r e a k Safety S w i t c h in oper-
ation. C a l l a n e a r b y B u l l D o g F i e l d E n g i n e e r . He'll
b e g l a d to t e l l y o u o f t y p i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n s i n y o u r
m a k i n g them safer, m o r e dependable, a n d less trouble
neighborhood.
to m a i n t a i n .

BullDog exclusive principle

BullDog's Field Engineers w e l c o m e the o p p o r t u n i t y of
In B u l l D o g V a c u - B r e a k Safety Switches, electrical s i t t m g i n w i t h A r c h i t e c t s i n the e a r l y p l a n n i n g stages
contact is m a d e a n d b r o k e n in a special a r c - r e s i s t a n t of a b u i l d m g project. T h e i r k n o w l e d g e of e l e c t r i c a l
c h a m b e r . A r c s a r e s m o t h e r e d b y l a c k of o x y g e n b e f o r e d i s t r i b u t i o n l a y o u t c a n m e a n s a v i n g s in i n s t a l l a t i o n
t h e y h a v e a c h a n c e to b u r n o r p i t contacts . . . o r and m a i n t e n a n c e costs, as w e l l as highest efficiency
and r e l i a b i l i t y i n a c t u a l operation. W h y not t a k e
build up dangerously high temperatures. A n d B u l l -
a d v a n t a g e of t h i s p r e b u i l d i n g s e r v i c e ?
Dog's C l a m p m a t i c Contacts assure a bolt-tight c o n -
n e c t i o n f o r cool, efficient o p e r a t i o n .
BULLDOG ELECTRIC PRODUCTS COMPANY
The safety switch that's really safe
DETROIT 32, MICHIGAN-FIELD OFFICES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES
Uncontrolled arcing in switches means all-around I N C A N A D A . B U L L D O G ELECTRIC PRODUCTS O F C A N A D A , LTD., T O R O N T O
trouble f o r y o u r clients. I t ' s m o r e t h a n a m a t t e r of
m e n a c i n g the operators' safety. B u r n i n g a n d pitting
of c o n t a c t s w i t h a c c o m p a n y i n g h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e s ,
result i n l o w e r e d operating efficiency a n d eventual
breakdown.
BULLDOG
W i t h the exclusive V a c u - B r e a k principle,. B u l l D o g
S a f e t y S w i t c h e s p u t a n e n d to t h i s p r o b l e m . A r c i n g
is h e l d to a n a b s o l u t e m i n i m u m , a n d c l e a n m a k e - a n d -
b r e a k of c o n t a c t s i n s u r e s l o n g a n d efficient s e r v i c e .
HEADQUARTERS FOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION

21
 JIG TIME

Lucky
Forum:
I have never been for prefabrication,
llioiilih I havt- been accused of iiiventint;
the term, back in 1918 when I devised

Last
Standard House No. 1 for the U . S. Hous-
ing C o r p . . in Washington. M y research has
bfcn pointed toward thr •"little Imildi i
He puts up 75 per cent o f our small houses,

Winter
but he is as hard to corral as a honey bee.
"F'ifteen years after." I am still on his
track. I n a few weeks I am going to C a p e
( l e d to s t a r t an c x p i T i n i c n t in $4,000 houses
for amateur e x - G . I . builders.

The job is preliminary to writing a

Lucky the building owner who
i i u i n i i a l devised to show s m a l l builders how
modernized his uncontrolled steam

S
In ap|ily modern leelMii(iiies lo small lioiisi-
heating system with a Webster
pro<luction. 1 started the manual in P a r i s
1 1 1 Moderator System in time for the
in 1945. U n d e r my plan, the local lumber
1947-48 heating season. Frequent
dealer pre-cuts an exceedingly simple lum-
cold waves made it necessar\' to
ber list. (.50 per cent is short length stock,
k e e p heat on for extended periods.
o n l y 3 ft. 8'"^4 in. long i.

0u/ ^/ a Msmal swmji

W ith W ebster Moderator Control,
T h e n the dealer packages the material t h e r e w a s no w a s t e of f u e l through
into sub-assemblies and slips them to the 'overheating, no h e a t i n g complaints.
ciisiomer. A net consignment. T h i s is sav-
ing number one.
CAME T H I S N E W The customer knocks the sub-assemblies
together on a w o r k bench, indixus. away
SUREMESS from weather hazards, in j i g time, as prac-
lieally all he has to do is to drive nails.

• A l m c s t every conceivable test w a s u s e d in The time saved is about 75 per cent. Sav-

establishing N . D . M . A . Standards for toxic ing number two.

In thv Wfbster Mixlcrator System, an Our-
preservative treatment of w o o d w o r k s u c h as Of course he has plans, shop details and d« or Tticrnioscat actuiices a central control
wtiich varies heat delivery with chanRcs in
material lists furnished to liim fret;. Saving outdoor tempernturc.
d o o r s , screens, w i n d o w s . F o r e x a m p l e , treated
number three.
and untreated w o o d samples w e r e tested in Webster Moderator Controls can
a Louisiana s w a m p . . . subjected to l o n g ex- T h e erection, on any type of foundation, seel I re " c o n t r o l l e d - b y - t l i e - w e a t l ier"
is quick, easy ami positive. A n d the result- comfort for even the hardest-to-
posure and fungus attacks.
ing structure is far more scientific than or- heat office or apartment in your
Out o f s u c h r e s e a r c h , N . D . M . A . has estab- dinary carpenter framing, and far stnmger. building. An Outdoor Thermostat
lished minimum preservative standards So much for the shell. The remainder,
automatically varies steam supjiK-
which help make wood a better building exterior and interior finishing, depends on
to meet weather conditions. And
material than ever. T h e N . D. M . A. seal his desires and po«-ketbook. Under this
controlled heat means adcfitialc
means sureness of value to the owner — scheme, even at today's prices, a $4,000
heat on cold clays, ininiiiniin heat
modern, two bedroom cottage is not an
when you specify w o o d w o r k products. on m i l d d a y s .
impossibility.
Six Steps in the Public Interest I n e a c h [Link] M o d e r a t o r System
ROBEHT GAIM'AN
1 . An efficient test for measuring eflfectiveness of installation, properly sized W e b s t e r
toxic preservatives. New York, N. Y.
Metering Orifices are installed in
2. Minimum standards governing the toxic pre- r a d i a t o r v a l v e s to b a l a n c e h e a t d i s -
servative treating of woodworlc products.
RESOLVED tribution throughout the building.
3. A seal identifying products treated in conform-
ity with N.D.M.A. Toxic Preservative Standards. Forum: S t a r t n o w to i n s u r e ne.\t w i n t e r c o m -
4. Mill inspection of treating equipment, practices. fort b y modernizing your present

D
The following resolution was passed by
5. Laboratory check tests of preservative solutions. the Union County Society of .Architects and heating system with Webster Mod-
6 . Educational effort in the public interest. was considered at a joint meeting of the erator C o n t r o l . W r i t e us a b o u t y o u r
E x e c u t i v e Committee «)f the New Jersey p r o b l e m . W e w i l l p a s s it o n t o y o u r
Chapter. A . I . A . and the New [Link] Society local Webster Representative. He
of Architects held on J a n u a r y 8. w i l l b e g l a d to w o r k o n it w i t h y o u .

NATIONAL DOOR "Resolved: T h a t it is the [Link] of this A d d r e s s Dept. A F - 6

MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION meeting, that this the Union County Society W A R R E N W E B S T E R &. C O .
of Architects is and always has been unal- Camden, N. ]. : : Representatives In Principal Cities
M C C O R M I C K B U I L D I N G • C H I C A G O , I L L I N O I S
In Canada, Darlinn Brothers, Limiieti, Montreal
terably opposed to the merchandizing of
LICENSE TOXIC-PRESERVATION plans in any form and f o r the reason that
we believe such is contrary to the l)est inter-
A P P R O V E D
(Continued on page 26) •Hi E A . T I M C
UUU/ NATL. D O O R MFRS. ASSN.

XL The Architectural F O R U tvl June 1948

 STRIP BLOCK PLANK

A name you can depend on for Finer Hardwood Floors

• Remember way back w h e n the only hardwood floors in c o n s t n i c t i o n . B r u c e has g i v e n longer life a n d m o r e beauty
y o u r h o m e t o w n w e r e in the big m a n s i o n s ? V e r y likely those to hardwood floors through improved finishing methods
were Bruce 1 lardw(K)d Floors, for over tliirty years ago and materials.
architects a n d builders started d e p e n d i n g o n B r u c e for h n e r
Today, in almost e\'ery t o w n in A m e r i c a , B r u c e I lard-
hardwood flooring.
w o o d F l o o r s are f o u n d not o n l y i n the m a n s i o n s a n d " s h o w
In the intervening years, B r u c e has m a d e m a n y advances p l a c e s , ' b u t a l s o i n t h e m o d e s t h o u s e s b u i l t to m e e t a p r i c e .
in the technique of producing finer hardwood floors. M o r e t h a n e v e r b e f o r e , B r u c e is a n a m e y o u c a n d e p e n d on
Distinctive styles of flooring have been developed, for finer hardwood floors, E. L. BRLICE CO., MEMPHIS, TENN.
as well as special types to fit modern architecture and Wor/ti's Largest Maker of Hardwood Floors.

BRUCE HARDWOOD FLOORS

BHUC Prefinished and Unfinished
 entrances
Shopper's eyes ore drawn to the serif
sign on its striking aluminum backing-
then to the inferior which is fully di:
played by floor-to-ceiling glazing and b
the stream-lined Full Vision Entrance.

that say
"Come In"
KAWNEER OFFERS A COMPLETE LINE

OF D O O R S , FRAMES, AND TRIM FOR r

STORES, SHOPS, THEATRES, AND

COMMERCIAL B U I L D I N G S OF A L L T Y P E S

Doors should make people wont to

enter—and this Kawneer Free Standing
Entrance fulfills this function. It d ra ws atten-
tion because of its location and because
It is completely surrounded with glass.
 This Free Standing double-door offers a

P
compelling and friendly invitation to
enter. The entire front—sign, showcases,
end walls—were designed to bring out
the entrance as the main point of interest.

The Fenyo, CoHy Patly, and Gregory

To handle Gregory's large volume of traffic, two
Slorei w«re devfjnad by Kelchum, Gina
and Sharp, Archilectt, New York City. Full Vision double-doors ore placed in a promineni
The Bakeihop was deiigned by the
location where they ore quickly seen, yet they do
Detign DeparlmenI of Ihe Kawneer Company
not interfere with the internal operation of the store

PROMPT SHIPMENT OF STOCK UNITS!

Four different styles of entrances—Full-Vision, Free

and rain. It also helps prevent the escape of warmed
Standing, Narrow Line, and Standard — are included
air in the winter and cooled air in the summer.
in Kowneer's complete new line of entrance doors,
frames and trim. Kawneer Entrances hove been styled and engineered
to meet the highest standards of modern architecture.
The popular Narrow Line Entrances are now carried Write today for the construction details of this out-
in stock sizes and are immediately available. They ore standing new line.
shipped as complete units, factory-fitted, with over-
The Kawneer Company, 752 North Front St., Niles, Mich.
head checks and hardware applied.
Kawneer Entrances bring maximum display of the
interior—along with the many advantages of metal-
glass construction. The close, precision fit between doors
 ests of the individual home builder and
als«» the public at large."
1 was directed to advise you that our
Executive Committee and B o a r d <d I)ire( •
I n i - approve this liesolulioii.
CLEIVIENT W. FAIKVN KATHER. Secretary
N . J . Chapter A . I . A .
N . J . Society (d .\rchitects
Metuchen, N. J.

WRIGHT AND WRONG

Forum;
Y o u r Wri^bt issue was indeed an achieve-
ment, both for T h e F o R i M and for M r .
\^ right himself, and there SIKHIM no longer
be the least [Link] for (huibting his pre-
eminence in this century.
I see in the recently arrived February

Birmingham
Coil radiant
FF..4.R.I.B..4.,
Hotpital
healinf
Center in England has Critlall warm water
ihrnuKlinui. Lunchesier, Lodge
Archiieci.f. Hitnry Lea & Son.i, CnnsuUing
& Davies,
Engineers,
issue, however, that you are reduced, per
usual, to itresenting almost entirely "'build-
ing" and not architecture. It is not your
DUNBAR
fault that there is .so little effort to distin-

For Truly Healthful Comfort guish good from bad. and I j o i n with others
in again urging you to lake a few lessons
r MODERN
at Low Fuel Cost Per Year from The Architectural Revieu;
from their jiolicy of historical and esllieiic
especially

C r i t t a l l radiant heating with concealed warm water coils is criticism. ^ on cannot disnnss this plea by
ideal for all buildings that must be supplied with healthful. >.i\ing. " T h e n there would be no place for
c(mifortable, economical w a r m t h : and the economy is quite The Revieu:." Firstly. The Review has a
remarkable, for C r i t t a l l radiant heating often enables fuel s m a l l audience in this c o u n t r y ; secimdly.
savings of 25% to 40%.
its coverage is chiefly of Europe, and
(;(>mpared with other high grade heating systems, C r i t t a l l England in [)articular; lastly. 1 doubt if
rcdiant beating is competitive in first cost for well-designed its unique character could even be ap-
i i i d d ' Tii buildings. Moreover, the fuel savings effected by proached by any O I I K T j o u r n a l or group of
tadiant heating ordinarily pay off any difference in first
individuals. Its chief concern at present is
cost in a relatively short time, .^nd there's this to remem-
with the past century (of periods other
ber—you save on first cost only once, but you save on fuel
than the present century i . and cerlaiidy
every year . . . for year after year.
there is as much valuable material of that
To be sure you get real, fuel-saving radiant heating, i-ntrusl era in this country as in E u r o p e . A s for
design ami installation to those whose specialized knowl-
contemporary trends, criticism, foresight
edge and experience are ample and beyond question.
and leadership are as necessary here as
they are in E n g l a n d . Y o u r recently pre-
Crittall offers iiiimeiliale shipment sented article from J a m e s M . Fitch's new Send 25 cents (or 28-page profusely illustrated
Electrical
on Medrae electrical radiant Iieuting book was highly-readable, thoughtful and booklet packed with Modern decorating ideas.
Radiant panels . . . "packaged sun-warinlli''
interesting, and shows what can be done
Heating . . . economical and safe for auxili- DUNBAR FURNITURE MANUFACTURING COMPANY
ary heating. Easy to install. Plu(i-in '•(Mi-i-triit Iv. and -ince Mr. F i l c l i i - on youi-
Panels portable models available. BERNE. INDIANA
lioarfl. you are not a l l engineers.
1638 Mercliandise Mart. CHICAGO 54, I L L
203 Clarendon St., BOSTON 16, MASS.
Y o u may feel that there is no permanent
227 E. 56 St.. NEW YORK 22, N. Y.
Consult CRITTALL on Radiant Healing or featured place for such articles in T h e
FORI M. and that it would tend to antago-
Now, through your architect and engineer, you may have
the benefit of Crittall'!? more than 40 years of world-wide nize and estrange architects and builders,
experience in the design and installation of radiant heating who. it seems, are primarily interested in
systems. W r i t e to C r i t t a l l when you have a project in hand. picking up new ideas and tricks. There
may be truth in this, but in that case T h e
FoKiiM is not leading. It is conforming to
the demands of the biisiness-minded. If
tricks are to be picked up (and such does
mean, potentially, an exchange of i d e a s ) ,
they c a n be taken as easily from one poor
Radiant Heating, Inc. building as from two or three of the same
665 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK 22, N. Y . — P L a z o 9-3316 calri^iTv. In-lracj of pi<--i-nt in^ twn ..i

Rivbaril Critlall Radiatil Ilftiliti;: (Canada),Ltd three buildings each month that are not
215 Si. James St. West, Montreal — Lancaster 9171 and never will be "architecture." you might
introduce each month, without harming
(Continued on page 30)

?A The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 W h e r e centuries of roofing /service
poss under liie /point of a needle

A needle tells the story... indicating

what type of asphalts w i l l enable
Flintkote roofing products to deliver extra
years of dependable service.

Soft asphalts slide i n hot weather. Hard

asphalts crack when the temperature drops.
Thus, the softness of the asphalt used i n
roofing products is a critical factor i n the
life and service of the roof. A n d so, at
Flintkote factories, every carload of asphalt
is carefully tested w i t h the Needle Pene-
trometer.

First, on arrival, to make sure it meets

Flintkote's rigid specifications for raw ma-
terials. Second, throughout the processing
operations, to be certain that the finished
product w i l l deliver extra years of service
regardless of climate or weather.

The Flintkote "needle" is just one of

many pieces of scientific equipment used to
determine and control quality—to insure a
dependable product for home owner, appli-
cator, and distributor.

The Flintkote Company, Building Mate-

rials Division, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, N e w
York 20, N . Y Offices i n principal cities.

FLINTKOTE 9lq
rmsw
1' 9 2 9 j d j

FLINTKOTE QUALITY BUILDING M A T E R I A L S FOR M A N Y PURPOSES

FI'mfkofe Cold Process Built-up Roofs Flintkote Asbestos-Cement Shingles Flintkote's new research laboratory, A complete line of durable thermal
go on fast, and economically, with- and Sidings are ideal for new con- the most modern in the industry, is insulating materials , , . Asphalt
out fire hazard, when they're ap- struction . . . or for the economical part of a nation-wide plant expansion Coated Sheathing, Insulation Lath,
plied by brush or spray equipment. modernization of existing homes. program that is now under way. Roof Insulation, Insuliiling Wool,

27
 Will this take place In
your houses next winter?

Manufacturers

No house is a fuel orphan with the of approved automatic

anthracite burners

^'Unbeatable Heating Combination"!

Stokers
ANCHOR STOKER
COOPER STOKER
ELECTRIC FURNACE-MAN
• E x p e r t s p r e d i c t t h a t t h e shortages o f stored. Occupants need never turn their FAIRBANKS-MORSE STOKER
o t h e r f u e l s w i l l last f r o m 3 t o 5 years. thermostat to chilly levels to conserve fuel. F U E L SAVERS STOKER
Economical Heat—Stokers use the smaller, THE GILKOAL STOKER
W i t h the "unbeatable heating combina-
IRON F I R E M A N
t i o n , " y o u r c l i e n t s never need to be c o l d , cheaper stoker sizes of hard coal . . . reduce
MOTORSTOKOR
because t h e y can h a v e t h e h e a t t h e y need fuel bills as much as 52%. NEWTON STOKER
w h e n t h e y want it! Completely A u t o m a t i c Heat —Modern STEWART-ROGERS STOKER
hard-coal stokers are fully automatic . . . STOKOL ANTHRACITE
T h e "unbeatable heating c o m b i n a t i o n " STOKER
from bin feed to ash removal. Sensitive ther- VAN W E R T STOKER
of an a u t o m a t i c h a r d - c o a l stoker plus mostatic controls keep heat steady regardless WARDS ANTHRACITE STOKER
p l e n t i f u l a n t h r a c i t e w i l l k e e p y o u r houses of outside temperatures.
Boiler-Burner Units
w a r m . . . c l i e n t s c o m f o r t a b l e a n d satisfied
Get all the facts on heating with all types WAGNER STOKER-BOILER
these t h r e e w a y s : of anthracite equipment including modern ANTHRATUBE
Plenty of Heat—A full year's supply of automatic stokers. Simply fill out and mail AMERICAN BOILER WORKS
plentiful, stoker-size anthracite can be easily the coupon today. AXEMAN-ANDERSON

A N T H R A C I T E I N S T I T U T E , Dept. 6A
101 Park Avenue
New York 17, N. Y.
Please send me more information on anthracite and anthra-
cite heating including stokers and the new anthratube.

Name.

Company

Anthracite
^loriqzA . . . jlohalom gniio^
Institute Address

City Zone. State.

' New York 17, New York
Please Print

28 The Archl+sctural F O R U M June 1948

y ONE W A Y ^ TO QUALITY!

other lumber products

• i l l ! i

NATIONWIDE

WAREHOUSE SERVICE

K A N S A S CITY. M 0 . « " -iN O V ^ ^ ^ T o t ^ ^

^ • LOUISVILLE. K Y .

LOS ANGELES, C A L

D A L L A S , TEXAS •

• S A N A N T O N I O , TEXAS

•DEALERS IN AIL PRINCIPAL CITIES

T h e r e ' s one way t o be sure o f the best — specify

R o d d i s c r a f t flush doors and h a r d w o o d p l y w o o d .
w i t h a f i f t y year heritage o f craftsmanship and k n o w l -
edge o f w o o d .
R o d d i s c r a f t doors and p l y w o o d have the t w o essen-
You can see the signs o f craftsmanship i n the beau-
t i a l elements o f q u a l i t y — the finest materials, plus
skilled craftsmanship. t i f u l l y matched faces, i n the silken surfacing — i n the
clean edges — i n the square, true cut.
Veneers f r o m our o w n n o r t h e r n h a r d w o o d timber
tracts—seasoned h a r d w o o d crossbandings, selected k i l n - Yes — compare R o d d i s c r a f t p o i n t by p o i n t , see f o r
d r i e d core blocks — s k i l l f u l l y m o l d e d by Roddis men yourself w h y R o d d i s c r a f t is the one way to assured q u a l i t y .

MARSHFIELD, WISCONSIN
 your reputation or suhsrription list, at least
one article devoted to critical study of his-
torical and contemporary moods and devel-
SAVtS

WATERFILM BOILER
opments in architecture. There are many
people in this country and elsewhere who
contribute such articles to art and art-
minded periodicals and journals, yet who
TIME
seem to receive rare encouragement or sup-
port from American architectural maga-
LABOR
zines. Their contribution goes unheeded
( X i c p t hy a few. mostly their fellow-writers.
W d MONEY
Potenttd CoBttrurtlon The bugaboo of eclecticism has driven the
• QuUk-Sltoming
non-technical into the background, and any
fervent interest in anything before 1*J()()
• Rctardi Accumu
savors of heresy or artiness. The p«-iiple of
lotion of Sool
this era will be as narrow-minded toward
• Economical
certain phases of the past of art as were
Ruggrd Construction those of the Nineteenth Century towards
Easily Replaced successively-antagonistic styles. People are
still insensible to the architecture around

WQSCO
them and to its potentialities, and constant
presentation of boxes will only deepen the
i rii>t. The English Rnieiv is more truly
democratic in its attempt to open eyes to the
present and to the jtast; to call for good,
COPPER FABRIC FLASHING
Because it speedii up work, suven liourx of
available objects of everyday use: to make
lubMr, and c o m I b lesii to buy und lo opply^—
|ii-n|ilr reali/e tlu'ir heritage, their obliga- yet hun all the odvantuuo" of heavy copper
tions and to point to the line of their —the demand for Wa»co Copper-Fubrir
Flaxliinu in Reenter now than ever before.
advance, than are American architectural
periodicals, with their prefabricated houses
(which few outside the profession have as
much as seen), their emphasis on the late>.|
type of truss, etc. What is to be done willi
all these wonderful inventions? No archi-
tectural magazine in this country is setting
an example . . . crusading for the "idea-
tional" factors of architecture, art and
design . . . The nearest to such a pattern in
ibis country is California Arts and Ardii-
FOR E C O N O M I C A L , Q U I C K HEAT! ti'iturc. I t is hampered by provincialism,
WATERFILM's exclusive patented construction in- through which shine from time to time,
sures foster-steaming action than any other boiler however, glimpses of growing maturity
on the market. That's why it earns the acclaim of which w i l l surpass the East, i f it doesn't 1. A S P H A L T IMPIIKGNATKD FABRIC
watch out. 2. COPriJt S H E E T I N G
leading architects and builders w h o recommend
these economical, efficient heating plants for quick J o h n B. Hii.i.s Speetfy Waseo Copper-Fabric Flanhinu for tlie«e
7 reasono! ( 1 ) it forms a permanent barrier to
heat, even room temperature and plenty of domestic \ » ;c Ihtvrn. Conn. water and vnpiir; (2i the rounli-lexlured "iirface
hot water at a l l times. form* a liaht bond with mortar; ( 3 ) the fabric
. . . California Here I Come.—Ed. proleclH tile copper from eleclrolyMin; (-1) it In
Beautifully jacketed in models and sizes f o r small delivered to the Job cut lo exact Hiceo, r b v c k c u I -
tinu CGntM and w a « t e | ( 6 ) Havea doBam in initial
homes, apartment houses and industrial plants. For coHtt ( 7 ) aavee many more dollam In «peed of
Ftirum:
these larger installations, the Sectional Boiler goes application.
One of the age-old policies of successful
through a 2-ft. door, can be assembled w i t h o u t merchandising has been that the "customer
expensive alteration or rigging costs and is easily is always right." I t was therefore very
OTHER
enlarged by adding sections. amusing to note in the February issue WASCO PRODUCTS
(Archilrrt Bites Client), that when the C O P - U - T E X i Pure olectro-aheel copper backed
500-17,850 E. D. R.
advocates of that [lolicy become "cus- with reinforced waterproof K r a f t paper.
Write f o r free literature and newspaper mot service. tomers," i t does not apply to them. C O P P E R S E A L t Pure electro-sheet copper
coaled on both sides with toJKh bituminous
NATIONALLY ADVERTISED As a veteran in the store planning and
compoHlUon.
designing field, I have seen (piite a number
WATERFILM BOILERS, Inc. of the actual and published works of the
See Swtjefs 8 d-6. Write for File Folder.
"Improved Method of Handling [Link]".
A Division of L. O. Koven & Bro., Inc. architects involved in this controversy
154 Ogden Ave., Jersey City 7, N . J. (Gruen & K r u m m e c k ) , as well as that of
the many other firms which have been
setting the pace in the field of store work.
WASCO FLASHING COMPANY
And too, I have kept in step with all the
FOR AUTOMATIC FIRING WITH (Continued on page 34)
86 Broadway Cambridge, Mass.
O I L , S T O K E R OR G A S

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 skylines... in Cleveland, good citizenship has not only made good government,
it has also produced one of the nation's finest cultural centers. A n d
commercially, the great competitive spirit which has made Cleveland
oiu: sixth largest city is reflected i n its constantly expanding skyline.
Here again, a famous .skyline also marks the progress of Otis. T w o -
tliirds of the elevator installations in Cleveland are by Otis. The
latest count is 2,560!

RISING WRATH.
Supervisors i n a European shoe factory are never
called 'on the carpet." I t calls on them. H o w so.^ The owner
has his office in an elevator. Whenever there's trouble his office
and his wrath rise together.

TIME FOR EVERYTHING.

W h a t happens as you wait f o r an elevator.'
Traffic engineers say you feel pretty good f o r 20 to 30 seconds.
Your collar gets hot in 30 to 60 seconds. A f t e r a minute.' You really
blow yoLU- top. W h a t to do about sluggish service.'
Otis modernization!

ONE LESS WORRY.

Seems there's no end to the 'unpredictable
predicaments' in a hospital. But it really isn't so. Good elevator
service can be predictable. How.' W i t h Otis elevator
maintenance. It's keeping the elevators i n 1429 hospitals
doing the job they were built to do — continuously and
safely. W a n t to know about it?

Have you been wondering about the magic that

modern electronics w i l l introduce to the postwar
world? Watch Otis. We're first again with some-
thing new i n electronic elevatoring!
ELEVATOR COMPANY
Home Office: 260 l l l h Ave., New York 1, N. Y .

31
 A COMPLETE

ORDERED • INSTAllED • OPERATED AS ONE COMPACT UNIT

H e r e is a new heart f o r y o u r b u i l d i n g ' s p o w e r d i s - b r e a k e r s , p a n e l b o a r d s , l i g h t i n g , elevators, P r c c i p i t r o n

t r i b u t i o n system—the Westhighouse Close-Coupled Air- and air c o n d i t i o n i n g — i n fact, a l l the apparatus needed

Cooled Power Center. I t saves t i m e i n o r d e r i n g , i'n- f o r any b u i l d i n g ' s e l e c t r i c a l system. By o r d e r i n g f r o m

stallation and operation. It eliminates piecemeal one s u p p l i e r , y o u place r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i n one place . . .

assembly o n the j o b ! I t can be i n s t a l l e d anywhere save t i m e i n o r d e r i n g , i n s t a l l a t i o n a n d c o - o r d i n a t i o n

indoors without a vault—because i t is c o m p l e t e l y for operation.
air-cooled. It's lighter, too. Install i t anywhere i n the C o m p l e t e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s o n a l l e q u i p m e n t are avail-
b u i l d i n g w i t h c o m p l e t e safety. able t o h e l p y o u P L A N N O W f o r p o s t w a r c o n s t r u c -
T h i s c o m p l e t e s t a t i o n assembly results i n substan- tion. Phone your Westinghouse Office, or write
t i a l savings i n m a t e r i a l s and l a b o r , and cuts service W e s t i n g h o u s e E l e c t r i c C o r p o r a t i o n , P. O . B o x 8 6 8 ,
i n t e r r u p t i o n s . I t p e r m i t s l o c a t i o n o f the P o w e r C e n t e r Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania. j-94681

ouse
at o r near the centers o f l o a d .
The Westinghouse Air-Cooled Power Center is
o n l y one i t e m o f t h e c o m p l e t e e q u i p m e n t W e s t i n g h o u s e
KANTS IN 25 CITIES . . . OFFICES EVERYWHERE
OF!
can supply. Others are: motors, control, circuit

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

32
 500 K v a Dry Type Air ( . k . l e d P o w e r Center
with a L S 2 0 0 - V 0 U incoming line, oil circuit
breaker, a 500 K v a A i r - C o o l c d [Link]
and I 2 0 / 2 0 8 volt draw-out load feeder and
rnsua air circuit breakcr.s.

,-„,=iii=

Westinghouse Air-Cooled Power Centers pay for themselves by

• Eliminating fireproof vaults
• Reducing installation costs
• Saving floor space
• Permitting location at center of load
• Providing better voltage regulation
• Safer operation and lower maintenance

Call your Westinghouse representative today for advice and practical help
in laying out your postwar power and lighting distribution systems. I t pays to
bhtcprint now for tomorrow's needs.

AIR-COOLED POWER CENTERS FOR BUILDINGS

33
 |)rin( i|)l<-i of iinidfiii sinri- dcsi^iii. a.< advu-
calcd in Tlif FoRUM, but f>nly where defi-
nite, praetiral value was assured iiave I
ad(i[)led tliem. That pracliee has applied
9
also to the constant flow of products and
materials, f o r which I have relied on
The F o r i M for many years to keep me Stay open
in formed.
Being of the «dd srho(d. I have naturally
admired the deparJiires from some of the
old prineiples. and |»erhaps have even
envied the darin<: expn-sscd in die jdans
an^ desired position
and designs, hut have in the end. invariably
erawled hack on the slool and «-onlinued
lilanidng for practical utilization, forget-
ling about the creating of a monument to
P R O O design, or designer.
It is therefore refreshing to find that in
ibis present case, the merchant is finding
his way back t«i the solid principles thai
were the foundation upon which the now
i imrmous retailing field was built. Back,
particularly to the principal of area utiliza-
tion, where wasted square footage in angu-
lar [danning means wasted dollars in sales
volinne. Back to where the National Retail
Dry Goods Associal ionV. "MctclKindisiiifi
and Operating Results" instead of .Sweet's
N o m a t t e r h o w l a r g e o r s m a l l the system — Catalog again becomes the bil)le for store
D u n h a m p r o d u c t s are y o u r assurance o f max- planning and designing. However. I
-liouldn t say '"back" . . . . rather, "for-
i m u m h e a t i n g e f f i c i e n c y . S i m p l i c i t y o f instal-
ward." again on the ohi. firm ntad of smind.
l a t i o n and e c o n o m y o f o p e r a t i o n , p l u s f r e e - with McKINNEY
s(did merchandising priiici|)l( s "d planning,
dom f r o m maintenance difficulties account
that have, for many years, unbeatcniy car-
f o r the enthusiasm expressed f o r D u n h a m . Door Control
ried the rolling load id ever-increasing
W h e n y o u specify D u n h a m products, y o u ri'iailiiig progres.s.
Butt Hinges
k n o w t h a t thousands u p o n thousands o f i n -
But let us look into the (|uestion of
s t a l l a t i o n s all o v e r t h e c o u n t r y bear o u t y o u r These ([iiality b u t t hinges arc designed
whether the "customer" is r'lfihl. or wrong.
own g o o d j u d g m e n t . C. A . DUNHAM especially f o r hospitals, i n s t i t u t i o n s ,
1. He has. in reality, two merchandise
C O M P A N Y , 400 West M a d i s o n Street, I lii---ifi( ati<in<. He therefore wants the schools, and other buililings where de-
C h i c a g o 6, I l l i n o i s . pendable, quiet, positive-acting door
aflfect of two separate shops. VI by not? ^. .
service is re(|uired.
2. The main access to the store is
They [Link] the quiet and efiicient
fr«mi the rear parking lot. Those who have
door operation so essential to hospitals
parked, or are parking, are intent upon
and other institutions. They control the
i-onung into the store. So why the display sw ii.u of" the door and prevent slamming
windows back there, which would be effec- by drafts or by persons.
<MCr tive only during open store honrs? . . .
Typ* The lioor may be opened to any de-
Unit H < a l » 3. The merchant wants a large display siretl position, where i t will remain sta-
area at front, but a check-up of foot trafRc tionary, in spite o f any air currents—•
warrants only a shallow display. This a<lds yet it can be closed or opened with very
up to a theory of "half as many people— little effort.
Hm. 1140 Pa<hl*it
half as much display." . . . Y(mi can't sell There are no springs to get out of
prri'i'i d order. Tension is readily adjustable on
r h * r m « i H i N c Trap Valv< t(» the people passing by in an automobile,
nnnrl
.so you've got to interest them in stopping the door w i t h the use o f a small wrench.
and getting out for a look. I f the passing McKinncy Door Control B u t t Hinges
glance while riding dors not indicate are made o f w r o u g h t steel — highly
enough on display to warrant slopping . . . p>olished—equipped with phosphor bronze
bearings. .Available in all standard sizes
then the expense and effort extended has
— w i t h ball or button t i p .
been wasted. . . .
YOUR INSTALLATIONS MADE MORE EFFICIENT Constructed on the famous McKinney
4. They want a squared line set-up.
WHEN D U N H A M P R O D U C T S ARE ON THE JOB! Standard o f quality.
and not the angled wall arrangement. Well,
See Sweet's Architecti/rnl Vile
on angular inside planning, there's gen-
for details or write

DunHflm
erally a loss of about .'5 per cent of the
H E A T I N G M EAHS usable floor area. . \ t S50 per sq. ft.
BETTER HE A T I H C average sales, this c<mld tally up to about
(Continued on pnge 38)

•iA The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 W h a t ' s your score?
CA three-minute test on the effective use of ujiring materiiOs}

I E x i s t i n g service entrance
consists of ^ - i n c h conduit, con
taining two No. 8 T y p e R wires.
2 A n electric device that can be
H o w can t h i s i n s t a l l a t i o n be
seen but not h e a r d helps any
made suitable for an electric
builder or architect to sell good
range, without tearing out the
wiring to clients. What is it?
conduit.'

Install a second service entrance.

Electronic toaster.
Run two No. 6 Type T wires and one
bare No. 8 conductor in existing conduit. Mercury switch.
Tap into the next door neighbor's circuits. Piped Ii0ht.

3 M a n y electricians arc saving 4 E v e n "cool" fluorescent lighting

time in box installations on res- sor^^etimes must withstand fairly
idential wiring jobs. H o w are hjlgh ambient temperatures. What
^ o u l d you choose to safeguard such
they doing this?
installations?

Air conditioning.
By using precut wooden spacers.
Through the use of S-type bar hangers. Cold cathode.
By nailing boxes directly to the plaster. Deltabeston* fixture wire.

1 Okay, if you chose B. A n d you'll be wise to make it General 4 H you picked C , and specify it for youi "hot" jobs, you
Electric thermoplastic every time you choose a building wire, won't go wrong. I n fact, always say Deltabeston when heat is
because General Electric has always been a leader in the pro- a problem in wiring installations.
duction and sale of thermoplastic insulated wire.
We hope this little quiz was fun. And maybe it will give you
2 General Electric's silent mercury switch makes B the only a better picture of General Electric Construction Materials —
correct answer for modem planners. I t is now T-rated at 10 the full line for all wiring needs. E a c h part of the line is made
amperes, 125 volts, and is a beauty to look at in any installa- for ready use with other G - E wiring materials. It's a line that
tion. Lasts a whale of a long time, too. has been designed for convenience—in specifying — in instal-
lation— and in maintenance. And it is backed up by experi-
3 Pick B for this one. G - E S-type bar hangers are made to enced men who are always ready to help you with engineering
fit framing spaced from 6 to 24 inches. A new, heavy-duty and application counsel on your every project. It's the kind
stud affords ample support for any modern fixture. of one source, on© complete line service that makes it easy for
you and your clients to do a top-notch wiring job. I f you want
With a G - E S-type hanger, a box can be located on the bar
information on any of our products, please write to Section
at any point between studs simply by tightening a single screw. K 6 - 6 4 , General Electric Company, Bridgeport 2, Connecticut.
•Trade-mark Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.

Construction Materials
GENERAL A ELECTRIC
35
 Typical L-lyfie Ciirlh Kitchen—modern and space-saving

A compact siraifiht-wall assembly o] Curtis Cabinets

W I T H CURTIS

S E C T I O N A L K I T C H E N U N I T S
Curtis units in U-type kitchen

W h e t h e r the k i t c h e n is l a r g e o r s m a l l — w h e t h e r i t
is f o r n e w c o n s t r u c t i o n o r r e m o d e l i n g — w h e t h e r i t
is L-shaped, U-shaped o r c o r r i d o r t y p e — y o u can
p l a n an efficient, eye-pleasing arrangement with
C u r t i s sectional w o o d k i t c h e n u n i t s .

F o r C u r t i s o f f e r s 21 basic u n i t types o f floor and

w a l l c a b i n e t s — a t o t a l o f 75 sizes. D i m e n s i o n s o f
u n i t s have been s t a n d a r d i z e d t o c o o r d i n a t e w i t h
o t h e r s t a n d a r d k i t c h e n e q u i p m e n t . I n s t a l l a t i o n is
quick and easy. E x p e r t m a c h i n i n g a n d workman-
s h i p p r o d u c e units, w h i c h , w h e n b o l t e d together,
are firm, square and p e r f e c t l y a l i g n e d .

C u r t i s cabinets are m a d e o f w o o d — f o r beauty,

Curtis kitclien-dinelte plan Jor small home or apartment sturdiness and l a s t i n g s a t i s f a c t i o n . T h e s e cabinets
are prime c o a t e d — b u t may be given any final
color finish desired by the owner, who is not
When in New York, visit the
Curtis Woodwork Display at
l i m i t e d to a iihite kitchen.
Architects' Samples Corpora-
tion, 101 Park Avenue. M a i l the c o u p o n f o r c o m p l e t e information.

Curtis Companies Service Bureau

1866 my AF-6K Curtis Building, Clinton, Iowa

CURTlS
WOODWORK
I w;int to know more about Curtis sectional wood kitchen units.

Name-

Address

City- Statc
I am • Architect • Contractor • Prospective Home Builder • Student
Please check ahove

2L The Architectural FORUM June 1948

 4-4-4- mamWKwKm-:

:
-1

MUITI-BREAKER
TYPE M B - 4 SERVICE A N D L O A D CENTER

MULTI-BREAKER:
TYPE WlB-4
Includes a basic circuit breaker
unit providing 4 single pole, 1
double pole and 2 single pole,
or 2 double pole circuits in com-
binations of 15,20,30,40 or 50
amperes making up 33 standard
devices. FLUSH or SURFACE
mounting with 70 AMPERE MAINS
for small homes and 100 AMPERE
MAINS for larger homes.

" A D - O N " UNITS: 1,2,3, or

4 single pole circuit breaker
units rated 15,20 or 30 amperes
are easily plugged in on basic
block.

SQUARE D's THERMAL COILLESS

MAGNETIC MULTI-BREAKER

• Replaces fusible switch—provides both circuit

Few homes have enough circuits to serve protection and disconnect means.
the many appliances added after the electri- • Gives 2-way Protection—holds harmless over-
cal system has been installed. loads—trips fast on shorts.
The new Square D MB-4 Service and Load • Eliminates fuses—nothing burns out—nothing to
Center provides room for future circuits— replace—no live parts exposed. Anyone can quick-
simply add on single pole units as needed to ly restore service.
connect that new laundry equipment, attic • Non-tamperable—unit is factory calibrated, test-
fan, dishwasher, garbage disposer, food freez- ed and sealed. Underwriterc approved.
er or air-conditioner. • Simple mechanism — few moving parts — long
Low cost... elimination of separate devices mechanical life.
for extra circuits saves equipment, mounting, <:„uareDE/ectncalW/io/esafer
nippling and extra wiring. -breaker at your Square U ^
See the new " A D - O N " Mult!

•37
 $25,000 per year in lost selling area. For
b f i n g able to add that dough in the volume
Cidiimn of my ledger, if I were a merchant.
New I'd stand the fixtures on end. i f I had to!
handbook . . . Perhaps I have held strongly to
some of the old ideas, and might be con-
on air sidered reactionary or "old-fogey", but I

diffusion firmly believe that those old ideas, dressed

up in today's fineries, are still the [Link]
substantial. A f t e r a l l , the g i r l who care-
f u l l y stored her wardrobe of a few decades
ago, is one of today's best dressed women.

Hoiv to select,
W. ALVIN ALBACH, Designer
Chicago, III.
install and adjust
diffusers for
gretiliT rontrol ATOMIC ENERGY
FREE to those who
of air conditioning design, install and maintain Forum:
performance. air conditioning equipment.
It is surprising to see published in the
current A p r i l 1948 FORUM a proposal by
The nt'w Iiandbodk contains the latest engineering data on
air diffusion in gi-nerai and liic use of adjustable air dif-
Churchill-Severud for an atomic citj-. con-
fusers as a positive means of eliminating drafts, hot spots, ceived in terms of a geometrical study in
cold spots, poor humidity control, stratification, air noise, c-ircles and hexagons. This layout does not
ceiling smudge and olher complaints. It is profusely illus- seem to adeijuiitely provide for city fimc-
trated with photographs, sketches, charts and dimension
iinns. nor could it by any stretch of the
prints for quick, accurate Selection —Application —Loca-
tion—Assembly — Erection—Testing—Adjustment of A i r imagination withstand atomic warfare. HERE'S ANOTHER o f Sunroc's fa-
Diff users and of Accessory Etjuipment such as air equal- The nature of atomic energy, and the mous " f i r s t s " . . . the biggest advance-
izing grids, mounting rings and air sectorizing baffles. ment the refrigeration industry has
lypc of resultant damage which may be
known i n years.
caused by an atom bomb explosion is
neither completely nor effectively reflected The Sunroc Super Cooler combines
the advantages o f a water cooler and
by the [Link] city plan.
a refrigerator. In a compact unit, it
There is no more appreciative difference provides properly chilled drinking
in ihe pattern of this layout than there was water, three ice-cube trays, and a
in the type of city which was designed i n generous refrigerated storage com-
the year 1567 by Pietro Cantaneo who partment. Its modern styling harmo-
invented the many angled plan with the nizes w i t h any environment. I t is
engineered for maximum depend-
central citadel as fortification against the
ability and economical, trouble-free
artillery of that day. I n more recent times operation.
the Maginot Line was built as an an>\vi'i
There are a tiiousand-and-one places
111 the heavy artillery of World War I . but
in which only a Sunroc Super Cooler
the bombers of World War I I soon anti- will serve. It's just the thing for busi-
quated the Maginot Line and proved its ness and professional offices . . . ideal
obsolescence. Proof of the destructive force for homes and apartments, where
of the bomber was the damage imposed there's widespread need for a water
B e a u t y of an air diffuser lies in its simplicity and ability upon the seemingly defended Dutch cily of cooler with refrigerating features. Get
to blend wilh an interior. Krio-Diall Diffusi rs in ihrir the f u l l story o f the Sunroc Super
Rotterdam in 1940. The lessons of World
original aluminum furnish an interesting and unobtrusive Cooler. M a i l the coupon today.
decorative accent. Painted to match the ceiling, they be-
War I I have heralded the necessity f o r new
come self-effacing. Because of their simplicity of design, (Icfciisc pallcriis by the advent of the America's most complete line of water coolers,
they blend easily with modern or period interiors. atomic bomb, and the guided missile. $199.95 up, F. 0. B. Glen RicUU, Pa.

Utility of a diffuser lies i n its ability to create "custom- Perhaps the structural ccmcrete forms
made" air dislribution patterns. Tlu; air directi(ui and vol- of this city plan as [Link] would resist
ume on each Kno-Draft Diffuser can be altered alter an atomic blast or pressure force at certain
installation. This eliminates the tough job of deciding
distances from ground zero of the explo-
everything about the air movement in advance. Also, you
sion, but that is all. I f a Nagasaki type WATER COOLERS
can change the air pattern with the season or when proc-
esses, people or partitions are relocated. atom bomb detimated at the center of the
For your free copy of the new handbook on air diffusion, lumeycomb pattern, the following damage
please write Dept. T-102. woidd in all probability result: SUNROC REFRIGERATION COMPANY
(1) Each hexagon cell of the honey- GLEN RIDDLE, PA.
comb, confined within a diameter of ap- Please send me literature about the
Sunroc Super C o o l e r .
W. B. CONNOR ENGINEERING CORP. proximately 3.000 f t . , makes a confined
Air Diffusion • Air Purification • Air Recovery and vulnerable target with resi)ect to the Name_
atom bomb as well as other destructive Address,
112 East 32nd Street ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ New York 16, N.Y. missiles.
City .State_
(a) The experience of World War I I
IN CANADA: Douglas Engineering Co.. Ltd.. 190 Murray Street, Montreal 3, P. Q.
(Continued on page 42)
AF-6
' S U N R O C S E R V E S THE W O R L D . . . a cool drink of water"

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

HOW TO PUT MORE BEAUTY INTO EVERY DOOR

Now your doorways can have the complete over a full 180° arc. Provides two-speed clos-
beauty you've always wanted. ing adjustments.
T h e new Y A L E C O M P A C T D O O R With its better-looking bracket and un-
C L O S E R is smaller—36% less bulky than pre- obtrusive design, the Y A L E C O M P A C T
vious types. And it's streamlined—no more ugly M O D E L solves the door closer problem—and
"bulges" to make the "door closer corner" an yet costs no more than old-fashioned door
eyesore. closers with "bulkitis."
Rotary piston checking improves efficiency Leading builder's supply dealers are display-
while making the new beauty possible. It gives ing the Y A L E C O M P A C T D O O R C L O S E R .
an even circular stroke; continuous checking See it—specify it.

MORE BEAUTY . SMALLER S I Z E • SMOOTHER A C T I O N . S A M E PRICE

YALE MARK
THE YALE & TOWNE M F G . C O . ,
STAMFORD, C O N N .

Pleosa send m e f r e e 4-page f o l d e r a n d "T/ie /wide Story" o n

YALE C O M P A C T DOOR CLOSER.

Nome ..

Company
4-page folder illustrating simple operating
Address.
method, leakproof feature, famous YALE workmanship,
"hold-open" device, etc. A^o/7 coupon now. CHy Zone Stote

39
 No other siding
has all these advantages!
Construction of an 8-room home i n fash- rial give this home a kind of beauty hard to
ionable Atherton, California, proves typical match. Every piece is precision-produced
advantages of building w i t h new Kaiser of high grade aluminum . . . perfectly uni-
A l u m i n u m clapboard Siding. The clean, f o r m . . . flawless! It's the logical successor
even lines of this revolutionary new mace- to other materials in homes of any price!

KAISER A L U M I N U M clapboard Siding can't be long-lasting paint finishes which won t flake,
disfigured by knots or splits. I t can't rot, warp, peel or chip. The new material won't absorb
rust or crack. And a zinc chromate prime coat paint, cither, so it needs less. Best of all, it
applied at the m i l l readies it for beautiful, costs no more than other fine materials!

TIGHT, CLEAN-CUT butt-joints are easily made with CARPENTERS /ike to work with Kaiser Aluminum
HERE IS THE O N L Y metal siding with a pre-formed clapboard Siding, for they can use ordinary tools.
curved surface. The plain upper edge of each piece back-up plates available with the new siding. Paint
finishes completely conceal the joints. Notice, too, To show how light this strong material is, the man
slips into the slotted lower edge of the piece above. at the top of the page is carrying 200 base feet!
Nailing down the lower edge produces a strong that all nails are hidden. The concave surface makes
beautiful, % " deep shadow lines and eliminates oil Prepare to specify Kaiser Aluminum to yof/r clients!
tension. Result: A rigid, weatherproof joint. Work They'll wanf it —for no other material can match its
is speeded because of pre-punched nail holes. Money can sheen, waves and buckles. The new material can't
be damaged by termites, rats or other vermin, and unique combination of advantages. Write today for
[Link] only half the usual number of nails free booklet packed with information and pictures.
are needed. And no wood sheathing is required! never needs the usual kind of maintenance.

Kaiser Aluminum clapboard Siding specifications:

Length . . 10. 1 2. 14 and 16 ft, standard lengths

Width . . 6%" Thickness . . .030*
Weight . 580 lbs. per 1 1.4 3 base feet (1000 sq. ft.)
Shipped in canons containing 200 base feet, weighing
I 06 lbs. overall.
SIDING
a P e r m a n e n t e M e t a l s product

SOLD BY PERMANENTE PRODUCTS COMPANY, KAISER BUILDING. OAKLAND 12. CALIFORNIA . . . WITH OFFICES IN:
Atlanta • Boston • Chica.i-o • Cincinnati • Cleveland • Dallas • Detroit • Houston • Indianapolis • [Link] City • Los Angeles • Milwaukee • Minneapolis
New York • Oakland • Philadelphia • Portland. Ore. • Rochester • Salt Lake City • Seatde • Spokane • St. Louis • Wichita

40 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 GREATER
RANGE

GREATER
FLEXIBILITY

entral station
air conditioners
McQUAY research and engineering skill has pro- pletely removable panels for easy maintenance.
duced something new in central air conditioning All connections are exposed and conveniently
units—a unit which through increased range and grouped to simplify installation and servicing.
flexibility brings better air conditioning efficiency For imiversal year 'round air conditioning use,
to both the comfort and the [Link] these units include Ripple-Fin coils, long famous
a capacity range (in eight models) of from 3 to 50 for heat transfer efficiency. See the McQuay
tons, McQuay's new units have been designed to representative in your area, now, or write
promote ease of installation—maximum service- McQuay, Inc., 1609 Broadway Street Northeast,
ability. Sectionalized construction includes com- Minneapolis 13, Minnesota.
 indicates that congested central areas
c Intlered with buildings similar to this
FINGER-TIP
sketch make any defense plan difficult.
(b) I n contrast, small concentrations LIGHTING
(d residential building units in open
spaces present small targets and an area CONTROL
which is more easily protected. Experi-
^^and of course
ence indicates that open areas between IS OFFERED
building groups are [Link] impor- BY
y€»u w i l l specify ^-CLl..i'pit> tant, f o r a blast is more easily expended

MASTERPIEC E FIXTI RES 99

and is less effective in air.
(1) The most successful type of resi-
POWERSTAT
dential district could consist of ai)art-
ment type buildings separated by large MOTOR-DRIVEN
spaces. This offers less target area
than other arrangements of h<iusing. DIMMERS
With this type of building layout Future issues of this publication
This preference f o r Salter Masterpiece
bombproof shelters may be distributed will carry further information
Fixtures is fast beconiinj» a conunon
expression when plumbers, builders, according to a ratiimal and strategic on POWERSTAT Lighting Con-
architects, and home owners select plan. The scale of the distance td trol. Keep informed. Write for
brass plumbing t r i m and fixtures. A n d people to shelters becomes tielernnned Bulletin 347.
for goi»d reason t«»o . . . since thousands by the ability of people to run to
have discovered that Salter quality of design, appear- them, for that is precisely what they THE
ance, and <-onstruction plus [Link] ' ' E Z E " close oper-
would tend to do in an emergency. I n
ation arc unparalleled. Standardization o f fixtures and
parts meet today's modem specifications . . . and pre-
mi-dinm lieiglit Iiniliiini:s. aiiartnien: SUPERIOR ELECTRIC
cision production and testing equipment maintain dwellers can be rapidly transported t- COMPANY
masterpiece craftsmanship which f u r t h e r assures com- slii liers liy the shortest routes, partly \ 4068 DEMERS A V E . ,
plete user satisfaction. T h e Salter .Masterpiece Line em- subterranean.
bodies many types and styles f o r the bath. lavatory,
kitchen and laundry, as well as the valves and fittings (2) I n the event of a direct hit by an
necessary in the basic supply installations. For service, atom bomb on the center cell of the lumey-
always install Salter Masterpiece Fixtures . . . they are comb. the interior area would be com-
available at leading wholesalers everywhere. pletely destroyed, and in all prolialiiiity
the hexagon structural concrete shelter sys-
A lull imlc nbimt OIK New Line of Salter Fnatker-
Tuitrli' Firtiirrx whicli feiitiiri lii'litii's -limpleHt tem would be greatly damaged because its
and Hijftegt cliiHxii^ valve. . . . It'g revolutionary!
complete enclosure would offer resistance
to the blast and thereby serve to intensify
II. I I . ^ i B H k .>iF«;. ro. the shock waves.
N i n l l i " s i r i r i . Mai>-\ill«-. <Miio
,iiid Hivisiun T H K ([Link] III.K IIKASS MKO CO Kin,mun, (a) I n the event of a direct blast, per-

norma
sons within the shelters wonld be physi-
Spirtl y.'///-
Work
cally injured due to the secondary effect
of tlie blast as it reaches those shielded,
for pulses are [Link] throughout a
stricken object.

1-^
(3) The large radius (d this honeycimdi
atomic city is noted to be approximately 4 - C o l o r Pencil
I'.SOO feet. I f the dwellings which are
shown in each hexagonal cell are of ordi-
nary construction, as the plan seems to
indicate, then nearly all of the dwellings How much more efficiently
of this city proposal would be damaged you can make, mark or correct plans
beyond normal repair. when you work with a Norma
(a) A t a distance of 6.000 feet the pres- Pencil I lust a flick-flick of your finger,
sure of a Nagasaki model atomic bomb and the lead switches instantly from
is aliout a ton per square foot or 2.000 black to red. or green, or blue (or
pounds. Most American skyscrapers are yellow, if preferred). You'll find
designed to resist a horizontal force of NORMA one of your most valuable
30 to 60 pounds per square foot or a toolsl Unconditionally guaranteed
hundred ndle an hour wind, and conse- for mechanical perfection. $4.50 up.
quently they would collapse.
Wherever fine writing instruments
(b) I f the hurricane type of horizontal are soid or write /or nearest dealer.
force is impeded somewhat by the pro-
tecting hexagon shelters, then the suction The Pencil of Tomorrow
wave of the blast which follows the pres- NORMA PENCIL CORP.
sure wave would complete the damage.
Norma Bldg.. 137 W Mlh S i . . New York 11
(Continued on page 46)

The Archifoctural F O R U M June 1948

42
 TWO FOLD CONSTRUCTION SERVES A MULTI-FOLD PURPOSE

V I N Y t f P L A S T I C
F L O O R T I L E

Gives longer life

greater comfort • quieter walking
lasting adhesion

The w e a r i n g s u r f a c e of P l a s t i l e is 3 / 3 2 "
thick, w i t h color all the w a y through.
'T~'HE COMBINATION o f t o u g h T y g o n v i n y l plastic insepar-
The cork base is also 3/32" thick,
ably bonded* to quiet, resilient, resin-impregnated
f o r m i n g a tile 3 / 1 6 " thick.
c o r k f o r m s a floor t i l e w i t h a l l the t o p q u a l i t i e s o f the best
s m o o t h surface floor coverings.

Plastile's T y g o n t o p surface wears longer, w i t h greater

'Ti^'Ute "JacCcUf for your copy of the new
uniformity; resists o i l , grease, water, a l c o h o l , acids and
16 page data booklet — "The Facts About alkalies; does n o t r o t or c h e m i c a l l y deteriorate with age.
Vinyl Plastic Floor Tile". Free, on request. Plastile's r e s i n - i m p r e g n a t e d c o r k base makes w a l k i n g easier,
quieter.

Being m o l d e d , Plastile is f r e e o f stresses . . . poses n o

shrinkage or expansion problems. T h e c o r k sub-base bonds
U. S . S T C P E W A R E easily and t i g h t l y t o w o o d or concrete.
(J^on 9, Okie For better floors — specify Plastile!
* Patent applied for

43
 Have your C A K E
and E A T // tool

Yes, case histories prove that after moderniza- skill in design.. .so that each entrance is struc-
tion, rentals increase and maintenance costs turally and aesthetically correct.
decrease. I t is only natural that a sleek, well A large Dahlstrom design and engineering staff
dressed building; lobby should promote satis- is at your disposal, without obligation, to help
fied tenants and greater sales. you solve any elevator entrance problem. You
Architects and building planners in every sec- are also invited to avail yourself of the many
tion of the country call upon Dahlstrom for Dahlstrom free planning services which in-
their elevator entrance modernization jobs. clude complete color sketches, color decks and
Over 43 years of experience have taught them information booklets on elevator entrances.

Write for hiformat/on today !

llluiirnud ahnx't: Dalilsiniin firsi Hiior cli-vntnr fiiirniiccf

in tilt Imtm Naiiuiial Hank, Dallas T n x s s .

LanL'.t WitclirM, Arcliilecls. M A I N T E N A N C E AIDS

Cliromi- nickel strel doors, frames, trim aiiil vertical liisens
Cast nickel silver i>la<|Ues.
Typical Floor entrances also by Dahlstrom.

/ ^ /
DAHLSTKOM
M E T A L L I C D O O R C O M P A N " ^ , J A M E S T O W N , N . Y .
A helpful folder containing
operation, maintenance, and care
of finish information of value to
Representatives in Forty Principal Cities huildinK operators and owners.
Send f o r your copy.

44 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 in heating and plumbing
because they're the best
for both important jobs!

• As the w o r l d ' s largest manu-

facturer of heating equipment and
plumbing fixtures, American-
Standard is y o u r most dependable
source f o r b o t h . N o t o n l y does
A m e r i c a n - S t a n d a r d g i v e y o u the
widest choice of styles, types,
models and sizes, b u t i t also is y o u r
assurance o f the finest q u a l i t y i n
both heating equipment and
T h e attractive l i t t l e p l a y r o o m is a good example of the practical use you can make o f a plumbing fixtures. That's why
small basement w h e n y o u r heating u n i t is b o t h good l o o k i n g and compact. T h e MOHAWK
W i n t e r A i r C o n d i t i o n e r shown here lends a distinctive, pleasing decorative note to this m o r e A m e r i c a n homes have heat-
basement setting, w h i l e p r o v i d i n g clean, dependable heat t o the entire house. Famous
f o r its beauty, sound engineering features and sturdy construction, the M o h a w k burns i n g and p l u m b i n g b y A m e r i c a n -
n a t u r a l , m a n u f a c t u r e d , m i x e d or liquelied p e t r o l e u m gas w i t h m a x i m u m efficiency and
economy. Standard t h a n by any other single
c o m p a n y . Yes, y o u ' l l find t h a t i t
pays to "make it American-
Standard a l l the w a y " ! For de-
t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n about the com-
plete range o f products, contact
y o u r H e a t i n g and P l u m b i n g C o n -
tractor. American Radiator &
Standard Sanitary Corporation,
P . O . B o x 1226, P i t t s b u r g h 30, Pa.

Standard
Y o u achieve the u l t i m a t e i n b a t h r o o m luxury w h e n you choose the NEC-ANGLE hoth nnd hnrmonlxin*
fixtures f r o m the American-Standard line. The bath, occupying space only about f o u r feet square,
is the recessed model o f the N e o - A n g l e w i t h its t w o integral seats and w i d e r , flatter b o t t o m : the
lavatory is the graceful ROXBURY w i t h large square b o w l , tapered legs, and convenient t o w e l bars.
American -
Fittings and other exposed metal finished in gleaming, non-tarnishing C h r o m a r d . T h e water closet
is the MASTER ONE-PIECE, w i t h quiet, t h o r o u g h syphon vortex water action.

l O O K F O R T H f M A R K O F M F R f T - l t identifies the w o r l d ' s l a r g e s t line o f H e a t i n g a n d P l u m b i n g Products f o r every use . . . i n c l u d i n g Boilers, W a r m A i r

Furnaces, W i n t e r A i r C o n d i t i o n e r s , f o r a l l f u e l s - W a t e r Heaters—Radiators, Convectors, Enclosures —Gas a n d O i l Burners — H e a t i n g Accessories —
Bathtubs, W a t e r Closets, Lavatories, Kitchen Sinks, L a u n d r y Trays, Brass T r i m — a n d specialized p r o d u c t s f o r Hospitals, Hotels, Schools, Ships a n d Railroads.

45
 ERS

(4) The atom bomb is essentially a

poison weapon.
(a) A n atom bomb exploding at the MRS. HOUSEWIFE
center of tlie middle hexagonal cell woidtl
emit gamma rays which would penetrate
IS CRYING FOR
these structural concrete shelters and
cause slow death to a great portion of
those who have sought refuge in the
CEILING VENTILATION
shelters, permanently disabling others.
(b) Neutrons pt-tu-trating these shelters
couJd reach those presumably protected
and induce harmful radioactivity in the
liody.
(5) There is an absence of all important
green-belts of foliage about this city,
(ircen-liclts are a nfcirssity to minimize the DRY HER TEARS...
great intensity of visible light which is GIVE HER
Talk it o v e r . . I N C O N F I D E N C E !
rmitted by an atomic bomb explosion.
WHAT SHE WANTS...
The privacy you get on a desert island is (a I The intensity of unshielded visible
SPECIFY...
yours when you use a Couch private telephone liglit traveling at the rate 186.000 miles
system. Systems range from two-station lines to ELECTRIC CEIIING VENTIIATOR
per second, could cause temporary blind-
manual—or automatic—switchboard installations. ness to persons beyimd the radius of this
atomic city proposal.
Whatever your inter-communicating problem.
Couch equipment w i l l solve it with quick, de- .Mthoiigh the Churehill-Severud plan f o r
pendable and economical service. T a l k it over in an atomic city which appears in the Archi-
confidence with Couch equipment. ii< iural FoRKM does not have a j)roper
perspective of the nature of atomic energy
See us in Sweet's Catalog or Write for iiiustrated Catalog. and appears to be impractical, there is no
need for alarm. There is ample evidence
S. H . C O U C H C O M P A N Y , i n c .
DEPT. 3 0 6 , N O R T H QUINCY 71. MASS. tliat what is best for peacetime is also best
PKIVATE rCLE'HONES lor HOWE and OFFICE . . HOSPITAL SICNAIINC SYSTEMS . .
AFA«TMENT HOUSE TELEPHONES «nd MAILIOXES . . . FIHE ALAUM SYSTEMS for INOUST«IAL
in war. The decentralized city planning of
PLANTS and PUILIC lUILOINGS. the type which was proposed in the .luly
1943 Architectural F O K U M as " A Pro<:iaiii

Ch
fi)r City Reconstruction" and which was
also j)ublislied on page 213 of the hook
"Can Our Cities Survive" by J. L . Sert
and Congrrs Iiilrituiiinnaux d'Architecturr
Modcrne appears to be a step in the right
The answer direction. Although the single townshiji
shown eon Id not resist an atomic blast, con-
to More t h a n struction of properly designed dwelling.-
Cooking onicms i.s no problem i n a
units plus strategically Itjcated shelters
90% • oidd be achieved.
B L O - F A N ecpiipped kitchen...be-
cause B L O - F A N (being [Link] in
All of the factors, social and economic, the ceiling, directly over the range)
of a l l building
as well as those for atomic and bacterio- co-operates w i t h nature to provide
needs for the most efficient \entilati()n avail-
logical defen.«ie. and based upon the human
able. BLO-F'AN'S nnitpie design
METAL MOULDINGS scale of values, are necessary considera-
cond)ines the power of a blower
liiins to guide the architects, city planners,
w i t h the efficiency of a fan. The
and engineers in order to evolve proper
totally enclosed motor, cooled b y
community patterns f o r the functional f i l e air stream, assures trouble free
C h r o m t r i m has evolved 5'( basic profiles at«miic city. I t is recommended that when Operation. See Sweet's, 29b/12, or
100 and is mass-producing them at lowered
cost for economy-minded builders.
planning cities to resLst an atomic explo-
sion, close consultation with the nuclear
write for complete information.

\mmEi Durable, dimcnsionully accurate — easy t o phy>icist and electronics engineer who are
cut and install, delivered w i t h a l l neces- experienced to advise in atomic energy
sary nails, C h r o m t r i m shapes are expertly
problems of this sort would be a require-
designed to fill the highest professional
b u i l d i n g standards.
ment. The Churehill-Severud idea to see
The 34 botic Chromtiim p r o f l l o o i . i l l u i - an atomic city above ground may be worked
(Kiled in S w . a l i Catalog / J 3 J \
1
out, but certainly not along the lines of
W'rite for complete ca/alog sheet with I//II dirneiisi<ju\. ctmfined planning which their sketch in The PRYNE & C O . , INC.
Architectural Fohi m clearly indicates i t to P O M O N A , CALIFORNIA
R. D . W E R N E R C O . , I N C .
2 9 5 F I F T H A V E N U E • N E W Y O R K 16, N . Y . be. LOS ANGELES SAN FRANCISCO

CHICAGO NEW YORK

In Canada: DAVIO BAKER
R. D . W E R N E R L T D . • PORT DALHOUSIE. O N T A R I O , C A N A D A
W ashingtun, D. C.

The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

46
r
TIVE QUALITY

AUTOHATK

I:LJ:CTR)C

COMPANY

_ ^ . i ^ ^ ^ H H i ^ H i ^ H H ^ H

47
 HERE'S

Pennsylvania WHY

builder uses you, too, will wont

Chase copper tube
CHASE COPPER TUBE in your Radiant
Heating Installa-
RADIANT HEATING tions !

•
1 8 5 h o m e s / EASY TO BEND

LIGHT IN WEIGHT

SOLDERED FIHINGS

SMALL DIAMETERS

LONG LENGTHS

LOW COST

LONG LIFE

lesfer, fa., r. /i. [Link]

erecttd IH5otie-slory,6-room cellar-
less homes with Chase Copper Tube ^ VCMAS
RaJiant Heating. Wilson Bros., Col-
tingctale, Pa., Heating Contractors

FREE
O
SEND FOR BOOKLET!
NE advantage of Chase Copper Tube for
For Radiant Heating information, cut
radiant heating is the fact that no special
and mail coupon today. Illustrated
bending tools are needed for installation. Flexible literature will be forwarded to you
and small in diameter, it's easily bent by hand. It promptly.
comes in long lengths of 60' and 100' requiring A MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY
fewer joints. For ceiling installations, the light
weight and smaller outside diameter of Chase C h a s e Brass & Copper C o . , Dept. A F 6 8
Copper Tube is ideal. It can be installed in the Waterbury 91, C o n n .
standard %" ceiling plaster coat. G e n t l e m e n ! Please f o r w a r d y o u r new booklet "Sug-
gestions For D e s i g n i n g Radiant Panel H e a t i n g with
These facts, and the many other advantages Copper Tube."
listed in the panel on the right, are the reasons why Name.
builders of low-cost housing as well as builders Address.
of expensive homes turn to Chase Copper Tube -State-
City
for radiant heating installations.

BRASS & COPPER

W A T E R B U R Y 91, C O N N E C T I C U T SUBSIDIARY OF KENNECOTT COPPER CORPORATION

THIS IS THE CHASE NETWORK . . . ho/idietf w o y »o hwy bross

ALBANYt ATLANTA BALTIMORE BOSTON CHICAGO CINCINNATI CLEVELANO DETROIT HOUSTONf INDIANAPOUS KANSAS CITY. MO. LOS ANfiELES MILWAUKEE MINNEAPOLIS
NEWARK NEW ORLEANS NEW YORK PHILAOELPHIA PITTSBURGH PROVIOENCE ROCHESTERf SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE ST. LOUIS WATERBURY (tlndicai» Sol*. 0 » i c . Oni/j

The Architectural FORUM June 194 8

 Living rooms, public rooms,
as well as shiplioard lounges
and state-rooms . . . all given
new sparkle and use value
with Formica. This beautiful
People are '\4t Home'' with Formica'*'
installation is on the Moon--
. . . and Beauty Bonded Formica is always at home with McCiormack "S. S. Argentina".

people . . . be it the Luxury Liner's "showplace" Salon or

the clean, colorful charm of Mrs. America's own kitchen

and dinette. Or her living room, with coffee and occasional

tables topped with cigarette-proof Formica Realwood*. So

carefree . . . and so easy

Beauty Bonded Color phaloRraphii rnurlcsy of Moorc-
to care for . . . never McCormni'k Linen—Cruiiir oloilies by
B . A l l m a n H C . . . New York.

minding the careless smoker

or the spilled Manhattan. As of Home wifh People

Sufsgfslion: Tops for fine
...at Work in Industry furniture . . . Formica
Ri ulwood or, if you prefer,
easy to own and use as it is to colorful Decorative For-
mica. Keeps its new look
through years of hard us-
live with. You offer your Clients a new hospitality when you uffe. Budget-wise, it's smart
year-after-yenr saving.
specify the livability and charm of Beauty Bonded Formica. Have you a supply of the
new folder " K o u and
Bruuly Bonded Formica" ^
Formica, 4631 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati 32, Ohio. It tells your Clients how to
live with Formica. In
Sweets', there's a catalog
•'Kf(!. T r a i l r Nnme» U . S . P a l . Oft. COPYRIGHT 1948. FORMICA, CINTI. for you.
 IN T H E

Behind the scenes with FORUM contributors

GORDON BUNSHAFT (p. 87) is the partner in charge of

design for the New York olfice of Skidmore, Owings & Mer-
rill. Before wartime duty with the Corps of Engineers in
Europe, he was in charge of design for the Chicago ofBce of
the same firm. An M.A. graduate of M.I.T.. he won that
school's traveling fellowship phis the Rotch traveling fellow-
ship in 1935. He joined Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in 1937.

LEONARD SCHULTZE & ASSOCIATES (p.92)

has spent almost three design decades in
New York. Organized in 1921 as Schultze &
Weaver, the firm took its present name in
1940 after the latters death. Among its
souvenirs: New York's famed Waldorf-
.\storia. Palm Beach's Breakers Hotel.
Founding father Leonard Schultze had pre-
viously been design chief for Grand Central
Terminal and its adjoining skyscrapers.
Partners Eugene V. Meroni and William
Sunderland had both worked with Schultar
before joining him in the new firm in 1921.
Partner Lloyd Morgan has been in the office
since 1926, is remembered as Yale professor
and head of his own .New York atelier.
Honest! We hope he's talking about one of the
many architects and builders who insist on W E I R -
M E Y E R heating equipment—that is, one of the RENE P. TRAVELLETTI and W. LINDSAY
' — SUTER (p. 110) shared Chicago offices for
men who are thinking of tomorrow; by making
sure today's home builder gets his money's worth. several years before deciding they could get
Dependable W E I R - M E Y E R equipment is honest- alonp as |iarlners. Travelletti is a native of
ly built, honestly priced. For all fuels. Switzerland. Suter of Canada; both studied
in France and at Armour Institute where
Suter has taught for the past ten years.
Travelletti has also designed for the movies.
A complete line
of gravity furnaces
and A i r Conditioners, JON KONIGSHOFER (p. 114) is a native Californian who
including new Hi-Boy gained experience working for his builder father in San
models. Cooling and
Francisco during the Twenties and now practices amidst the-
dehumidifying equip-
ment may be added "old world charm" of CarmeL A s wartime skipper of an
at time of instal- L S T . he absorbed ideas of ship design, admits that lines
lation or later. ••liikingly reminiscent of the prows of these craft have crept
into his postwar houses. T h e prow front of his own home
caused a small local furor.
Dependable
economical Oil-Fired SIMON B. ZELNIK (p. 118) was born in Lemberg, Austria,
heating equipment for trained in both Europe and America (the Beaux Arts and
every installation from Cooper Union). From 1928 on he taught architectural
small homes to large design at New York University and .since 1932 has also main-
industrial, commercial,
tained an independent practice. He has made something of
and institutional
applications. a specialty of the Barricini Candy Shops, also counts to his
credit Lindy's. Child's ( N . Y . Paramount and Atlantic City),
the Elgin and Colony Theaters.

New Weir Steel THOMAS GREER COLES (p. 121) counts the war (which he
Furnace with Integral spent designing army, navy and marine bases) as a dividinj;
Heating Element (Pat.
line in his career. Formerly he specialized in residential
Pending) gives finer per-
formance, greater clean- work in and around New York. Since his return he has
liness, easier instal- added commercial jobs to his residential practice, starting
lation. Coal-fired with the design of offices for William Sloane Associates,
Winter A i r Con-
Publishers. He studied at Columbia University, served an
ditioners also
available. apprenticeship with McKim, Mead & White.
.lit
WALTER OORWIN TEAGUE (p. 122), pioneer industrial
W E I R - M E Y E R means modern heat designer, heads a technical staff of architects, engineers,
INDOOR COMFORT
designers and other specialists, maintains offices in both
New York and Los Angeles. Besides work for Ford Motor
Co., Boeing Aircraft, Bausch & Lomb etc., Teague ha«
THE MEYER F U R N A C E C O M P A N Y
expanded his horizons to take in housing and community
Weir-Meyer Furnaces & Air Conditioners for GAS, OIL, COAL planning. The towns of Tonawanda and North Tonuwanda,
Offices: Peoria 2, III. • Factories: Peoria 2, III. and Peru, III. -N. Y . are currently under his microscope.
fContinufid on page 54)

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

50
 /

none of this with a Briggs bathtub—ifs leakproof!

N o dripping ceilings under Briggs Beautyware bathrooms! [Link]

revolutionarj' die-formed steel fixtures take care of this problem—and
untie every other knot in the business! Briggs bathtubs are lighter—(onl
1 1 0 pounds), and stronger. Briggs tubs are sajer—thanks to the patented
Safety-Bottom, the helpful hand grip. Briggs tubs give you umjorvi
tl'uaJity: every tub is furnished in stainproof (acid-resistanl) porcelain
enamel. Briggs fixtures fit exactly—because of their close tolerance
engineering. Yet w i t h all these extras, Briggs fixtures are
modestly priced! Write now for new catalog featuring Briggs plumbing
fixtures and Briggs [Link]. Briggs Manufacturing
Company, 302SV Miller .Avenue, Detroit 1 1 . Michigan.

BRIGGS '^ead^ohz/ie Briggs solves the danijer oj leaks at tiib-iraU

line—with an integral lip flange. This provides
a perfect flashing—a permanent water seal
—tub to walis.
 'Toem^Me^ tor PACKING PLANTS
when you want more than just a wall
) on uire r n i p / o y e e s n lli^lil. hri<[Link] working p l a c e , a rlicrrl'iil,
V i i i i r ia l c w o n - l h a n walls w lifii \ < > n i b si^ii p a r k i i i j ; |ilaiil
s p a r k l i n g - c l e a n interior w h e r e t h e y c a n d o a b e t t e r j o b .
interiors i n S t r u c t u r a l C l a y F a c i n g T i l e .

\im prinitU' a finish that arliially resists hachria. I'"a< i n p ; T i l e is F a c i n g Til<' a l l o w s H«"\il»le di'sign. I t b u i l d s /V/.s7 a n < l at b'ss cost,

i m p e r v i o u s t o e v e n t h e tiniest u n s a n i t a r \ t r o u l d e - m a k c r . T h i s |M-i a i i - - f i r >a w a l l a n d a liiiish / ' / ; one'. I t " sf i r e p r o o f , e x t r a - s t r u n g

m e a n s v a l u a b l e help i n f i g h t i n g s h r i n k a g e a n d t r i m losses. s t r u c t u r a l l y . A n d il"s niailahle. glazed o r u n g l a z e d . i n eflii i r n t

m o d u l a r sizes. F o ra d d i t i o n a l d a t a c o n t a c t a n y I n s t i t u t e m e m b e r
) (III prniidr a sitrfiirr that wushrs dtm n clean, a n d q i i i r k l \ . w i t h
or see S w e e t ' s C a t a l o g .
s o a p a n d w a t e r o r hosing. I t n e v e r needs refinishing o r redeco-

rating. T h i s m e a n s a real s a v i n g o n m a i i i l c u a n c e costs e v <r \

SEND FOR NEW 90-PAGE MODULAR FACING TILE HANDBOOK
d a y o f t h e y e a r .
Free t o registered archite<;ts a n d engineers. W r i t e desk AF'-6
> p n i i i < l e intcrii>rs tluil ntii lal.r it. I'aciiig Tile i> a li<-a\ \ (liit \
of t h e Jnstiiiili- o n \oiir l<-lt.-rlicad. F i f t y c e n t s t o o t h e r s .
m a t e r i a l t h a t s t a \ s like n e w i m d e r t h e t o u g h e s t t r e a t m e n t . *
• ICxInrior t y | w iiiiilrriiil HIIOIIIII lir imcd in frer/.iiiB r<Hiini!.
I t will n o t crai k . Miali l i . m a r or (j<-ra\

F A C I N G TILE I N S T I T U T E
1756 K S T R E E T , N. W. • WASHINGTON 6, D. C .

INSTITUTE MEMBERS INSTITUTE MEMBERS

M e t r o p o l i t a n P a v i n g Brick C o . , C a n t o n , O h i o
Bolden Brick C o m p a n y , C a n t o n , O h i o
National Fireprooflng Corp., Pittsburgh 12, Pennsylvania
C o n t i n e n t a l C l a y Products Co., K i t l a n n i n g , P e n n s y l v a n i a
Stork Brick C o m p a n y , C a n t o n , O h i o
Charleston C l a y Products Co., C t i a r l e s t o n 2 2 , West V i r g i n i a
S t a n d a r d C l a y M a n u f a c t u r i n g C o . , New^ B r i g h t o n , P a .
H a n l e y C o m p a n y , N e w York 17, N . Y.
West V i r g i n i a Brick C o m p a n y , C h a r l e s t o n , West V i r g i n i a
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 I

Breaking in upon the privacy of a lady's boudoir, we

find floor and u all.s of Keneork. There are man\ praeti-
eal [Link].s for Keneork's being there. Natural eork. it i.s
one of nature's insulators — warm enough in winter for
barefoot v\alking, yet comfortably eool on sultrv .sum-
mer days. I t is exceptionally quiet underfoot and the
natural eork texture prov ides a non-slip Hoor surface.
Hut perhaps more important to your client is Ken-
cork's rich, (|uiet beauty. Its neutral coloring of tans
and browns makes an ever-ehanging. never-tiresome
pattern that harinoni/es with modern luniiture and
fabries —fits into anv [Link].A room with Kt n-
cork walls and floor is a perfect starting point for an
exqiu'site interior.
Knowing Keneork's many practical advantages, its
David E . Kennedy. Inc.. 69 Second Bruoklvn 15, N. Y . - lilcfiiiie diirabilitx' and reputation for great luxury —
350 Fifth Ave., .New York 1, N. Y. - Ring Building. 1200 18th St. manv arcliiteets are agrccai)l\ [Link] at its low
N. W., Washington 6, D. C.-1211 N.B.C. Building, Cleveland
14, Ohio - Bona Allen Biulding. Atlanta 3, Ga. — [Link] initial cost. Ask \o\\x flooring dealer about Kencork or
Mart, 222 West North Bank Dri\e, Chicago 54, 111.-Kansas City write us for the colorful Kencork catalog.
Merchandise Mart Inc., 2201-5 Grand A\c., Kansas City 2, Mo.
-Western Mmli. Mart. 1355 Marko-t St.. San Francisco 3, Calif.
 IN THE FORUM

^ * INSL-COTTOM INSULATION

IT EXCEEDS GOVERNMENT SPECIFICATIONS!

Insl-Cotton exceeds Government specifications for 7d,
FHA, FPHA and HH-I-528 requirements. Insl-Cotton is
certified—every lot is tested and certified to the U. S.
Government. You can specify Insl-Cotton with confi-
dence, too, because its efficiency, its light weight, its ease,
of installation plus low labor cost make it the ideal in-
sulation for homes and all types of commercial buildings.

Julio Vllamajo—1894-1948
" M y country," he was fond of telling foreign visitors, '"is far
from the world—the smallest bit of a country. We have hold
of only the last hair on the tail of the f o x ! " But for alT his
charming modesty. Julio Vilamajo was a big man—indepen-
dent, vigorous and cultured. Like his native Uruguay, he was
very much a citizen of the world: and. when he died on
^^^^ 125 April 12, at the age of 53 in Montevideo, both Uruguay and
the world had lost a great architect.
^V^es » " " ' ^ '"'"*d vibration c a u ^ When Vilamajo came to New York last year, as a member
of the United Nations Headc[uarters Design Committee, his
[Link] in Uruguay was already unique. I n a very real sense,
he was the "dean" of his country's architects. Educated at
the University of Montevideo's School of Architecture, he won
the first of many honors—first place in the competition for
Montevideo's Anteneo .\uditorium—in 1916. He joined the
faculty in 1918 and two years later won a traveling scholar-
STAMDARD WIDTHS AND THICKNESSES—Avail-
able in 16", 20" and 24" width*. 36" and ship. This took him to Europe where he visited Spain, France,
48" width* can be supplied. Made in 1", Italy, Greece and Africa—traveling, as one admirer put it. not
cation*. *•
2", 3" and 4" thickneu. ^
to copy but to 5ee. He returned to Uruguay in 1925.
.\rchitecturally, Vilamajo's influence is reckoned by his
HEAVY VAPOR-KOOF lARRIER—Attached colleagues as immense. As a designer, he won competition
to 50-lb. kraft, wax-treated aiphalt after comjietition, thus leaving his imprint on many of the
coated vapor-proof barrier with flaps
for tacking. ^ country's most important structures. Capstone of this suc-
cessful career was his appointment as architect for the Uni-
versity's School of Engineering (p. 104). unfinished at his
death. I n his work he displayed skill, independence and a
vivid romanticism which made it difficult to classify him.
stylistically. But as a professor in the School for almost a
Inil-Collon contains no lecond-hond material. Every lot is tetled
quarter of a century Vilamajo's influence was even greater.
and certifiod to the U. S. Government. No otiier insulation except
flame-proof, fire-relordino cotton insulation made under Federal He was. all agree, a magnificent teacher. His versatility was
supervision can make this claim. famous: in addition to his passionate attachment to archi-
tecture, he designed jewelry, made lithographs, produced
ALL COTTON INSULATION IS NOT INSL-COTTON. SPECIFY THE ORIGINAL AND GENUINE INSL-COTTON
ceramics and glassware. He was interested in chemistry—
MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY especially perfume distillation; and, his great curiosity
matched by his ingenuity, he even took up movie making,
INSL-COnON DIVISION
TAYLOR BEDDING MFG, CO., Taylor, Texos producing many animated shorts.
Gentlemen.
Please send speciftcalions and full Information on Insl-Cotton. "Bold, outspoken, staunchly independent, he never took a
Notaa commission he did not believe i n , " says one of his students.
Address "Once he took a j o b , he lived with it night and day, studying
City and Slate every detail with infinite care. Yet he loved life and people
I Check here: too. Uruguay has lost a beloved friend and master in the
Tfia Orig/notort of Flama-Preof, f I r a -
Retardfng Coffon Insulaften I Q Diitrlbutor Q Daoler Q Archltact • Bids. Contractor death of Julio Vilamajo."

I 1

CA The ArctiHechiral F O R U M June 1948

 Cuf Cosfs of Heating
Homes and Snnall Buildings

ROUND "R" STEEL BOILERS

• For Radiation Loads of 275 to 1440 sq ft plus
reserve capacity. Code construction and ratings. Equally
well adapted for steam, vapor or hot water, forced
circulation or gravity flow. Tie in excellently with the
vogue of Radiant Heat using wall or ceiling or floor
coils. Save fuel with Oil, Gas or Coal (hand or
stoker fired) and are convertible.

Decorative, E n c l o s i n g
Jackets convert base-
ments into recreation
rooms. Available for
all T y p e " R " Models.

to svy^itch to coal
Switching from oil or
gas to h a n d - f i r e d
coal is a simple,
inexpensive oper-
ation requiring
no change in the
boiler proper...
merely substitute this base witt) grates shown.
And it's equally simple to switch back again.

[Link]. BOILER CQftyoRATm

KEWANEE, ILLINOIS
HB-J. U, S Pat, Off
Branches in 60 Cities—Eastern District Omce: 40 West 40th Street, New York City 18
V E B:•'
Division of \ M T K I £ \ S RADIATOR ^ c$landard ^airitar^j COKPORATION
 COLOR
DYNAMICS
Pittsburgh's new paint-
ing system utilizes the
energy in color to m a k e
ofTices more attractive
and efficient.

I J ;

Today COLOR is the big news

in building management!
based upon the influence of the Paint RIGHT with COLOR DYNAMICS
P EOPLE who work in public or
semi-public buildings appreciate
those things which help to keep
energy in color upon jjeople. Lab-
oratoiy tests have proved that color
Paint BEST with Pittsburgh Paints!
T h e benefits o f C O L O R D Y N A M I C S arc made
extra long-lastinK w h e n you use PictsburKh high-
them going with greater mental effi- can be used to help them relax, feel gualit>- paints. There's a P I T T S B U R G H P A I N T
f o r every n e e d !
ciency, with less strain and with more cheerful, inspire trust and con- WALLHIDE — i n three typen: PBX. extra-durable;
greater comfort and restfulness. fidence, create better feeling among SEIMI-GLOSS. f o r higher sheen; FLAT, f o r velvet-
l i k e finish.
employees. WATERSPAR ENAMEL - f o r f u r n i t u r e , w o o d w o r k
Pittsburgh COLOR D Y N A M I C S and metal t r i m .
enables architects and builders to With COLOR D Y N A M I C S you can FLORHIDE — f o r floor surfaces; can be scrubbed
repeatedly w i t h soap s o l u t i o i u .
specify with scientific certainty color make offices or living quarters seem
arrangements that retard fatigue, more spacious and attractive. Rooms Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.. Paint D i v .
D e p t . A F - 6 8 , Pittsburgh 22, Pa.
stimulate energy, improve morale, can be made to appear longer or Please send me FREE copy o f your book-
increase safety and promote well- wider, ceiling higher or lower, halls let o n C O L O R D \ ' N A M I C S .

being. There is no longer any reason brighter and more cheerful.

Name_
for the depressing monotones that For a complete explanation of
are found so often in offices and what C O L O R D Y N A M I C S is and
Street_

office buildings, hotels, hospitals and how it works, get our free, profusely Cit>_
restaurants. illustrated booklet. Send the at- State
This n e w method of painting is tached coupon.

FREE BOOKLET! ^

PITTSBURGH PAINTS
PAINTS GLASS CHEMICALS BRUSHES PLASTICS

P I T T S B U R G H P L A T E
 CRANE
Cleat, . . . compact . . . Crave! This moderr, step-savwg
arrangement centers on the Crane Kitchen Queen Sink.

i n a n y p l a n

That's the thing about Crane. The styling tures, all featuring the new finger-tip Dial-
is so right, the line so complete . . . there's ese faucets.
a choice for every taste and a price for
In heating, too, the Crane line is com-
every budget.
plete . . . it provides every requirement for
And you know that Crane is right at home any system, any fuel.
with your client's wishes . . . he has named
Consult your Sweet's Builders* File for
Crane his first choice time and again in
selections from the Crane line. Some fix-
nation-wide surveys.
tures still are more available than others-
This preferred line includes a full choice check your plans early with your Crane
of kitchen sinks, bathroom and laundry fix- branch or wholesaler.

C R A N E
C R A N E C O . , G E N E R A L O F F I C E S :
836 S. M I C H I G A N A V E . , C H I C A G O 5

PLUMBING AND HEATING

VALVES • FITTINGS • PIPE
NATION-WIDE SERVICE THROUGH BRANCHES, WHOLESALERS, PLUMBING AND HEATING CONTRACTORS
 A N INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS FOR H O U S I N G AND T O W N PLAN-

Planning a NING is being held in Zurich, Switzerland. June 20-26th. The

four general sessions will consider: Financial Aid to Housing;
Housing Prngress and Methods employed to promote i t ;

Chemical Plant National and Regional Planning of Towns and Countryside;

and Finaii< i;il l!i lalit;n of Planning l o Ownrrsiiip Rights.
Representatives f r o m the U . S., Great Britain. France,
Switzerland. Norway. Holland. B«'lgium. Poland. Finland.

Oil Refinery
Sweden. China. Soulh Africa. Australia. Portugal, Mexico,
Ilaly. Chile. Denmark and Czechoslovakia are scheduled to
be present at the sessions and to take part in a number of

Paper M i l l ^
|iosl-(!un<rn_'s> i K u i s i n ^ l o u r s ilirou;:li .'^[Link].

As A R T C O U R S E will be held in Cuemavaca. Mexico, this sum-

mer from July [Link] 28. Beginniufi and advanced studies
in color, design and abstract composition are included in the
• • • or a n a d d i t i o n • program to be sponsored there by the Rudolph SchaefTer
School of Design, whose permanent address is 1.36 St. Anne
Street, San Francisco 8, Calif.

NEW FURNITURE
Ben Scliiiall

III

You can now get

ASBESTONE ALVAR A A L T O ' S N E W D E S I G N S F O R C H A I R A N D S T O O L incor-
porate his recently patented " Y " leg construction. I n these
pieces, the leg is formed f r o m two sections of solid wood sepa-
rating at the knee into laminated curves which provide an
Asbestos-Cement Conugated Roofing & Siding unusually light and strong knee joint. I n the chair the side
leg lamination continues up to form seat and back-support.
—the lifetime roofing and siding that'sfireproofand cor- A l l other horizontal members are solid-wood pieces dovetailed
into the leg above the laminated bend. Both chair and stool
rosion-proof. Asbestone can't be damaged by weather, are now available (at $39.50 and $28.75 respectively). Full
rats, or termites. No painting. No upkeep. information on these and all other Aalto furniture pieces can
be found in the booklet just put out by Finsven. Inc.. 925
Madison Avenue, New York, N . Y .
Here are a few of the
Why we can assure
many prominent users:
you early delivery
L O N E STAR CEMENT CORP. We are concentrating on
C A L I F O R N I A OIL CO. production of this single
C H A M P I O N PAPER a n d FIBRE C O . industrial product. Stocks
ETHYL C O R P O R A T I O N are now ample to make
FREEPORT SULPHUR CO.
some immediate shipments.
Free Engineering Service,
N E W O R L E A N S PUBLIC SERVICE
a v a i l a b l e on r e q u e s t ,
M O B I L E PAPER MILL C O .
shows how Asbestone can
CROSBY CHEMICALS, I N C . be adapted to your needs.
S T A N D A R D OIL OF N . J .
U N I V E R S A L A T L A S CEMENT C O .
A N E W L I N E O F T I L E T O P T A B L E S has been designed by the
Kagan Woodcraft Co., 340 E. 44th St., New York City. I n
A S B E S T O N E C O R P O R A T I O N addition to their great decorative value, tile tops have the
S300 TCHOUPITOULAS STREET N E W O R L E A N S 15, L A . long-recognized advantage of being easily cleaned and ciga-
rette-proof. The nest of tables above is of a firm counter-
Building
Spec/a//sfs in A s b e s f o s - C e m e n f
braced design and employs tiles (Continued on page 62)
Products for over 25 Years

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

58
 No matter how tough
your SOUND problem... WEST
BELL LAB
DESIGN
ORIES

RIC .

here^s why should look to

Western Electric
Your Western Electric Sound Dealer is
First, he is backed by the nation-wide dis-
uniquely qualified to give you a tailor-made, Laboratories engineers who design Western
tributing organization of Graybar Electric
high quality sound distribution system—the Electric equipment. A l l of their unparal-
Company, from whose sound systems spe-
only kind you should consider in this era of leled knowledge of sound reproduction and
cialists both equipment and advice are
sound—no matter how complex your needs distribution is available to help solve the
readily available.
may be. Here's w h y . . .

He has at his disposal the complete line of

Second, he is backed by Western Electric
systems engineers. Selecting just the right
toughest problems.
...
Western Electric Sound Distribution Sys-
Western Electric quality equipment used in "building blocks" from a complete line of
hundreds of outstanding installations. He tems are sold and installed by authorized
standard components, they can design the
doesn't offer you just a "packaged" system. dealers from coast to coast. For the name of
right system to meet your exact needs. And
the one nearest you, call Graybar Electric
He is a skilled installation engineer himself they're experts in overcoming troublesome
Company (distributor, with offices in 95
. . . backed by unmatched sources of aid acoustic conditions.
principal cities), or write Graybar at 420
available only to Western Electric dealers.
Finally, he is backed by Bell Telephone Lexington Avenue, New York 17, N. Y .

Western Electric
S O U N D S Y S T E M S
DISTRIBUTORS: I N T H E U.S.A.—Graybar Electric
-QUALITY COUNTS- Company, I N C A N A D A A N D N E W F O U N D -
L A N D — N o r t h e r n Electric Company, L t d .
 3 Great New
J

COLD-WALL IMPERIAL-corabination re-

frigerator and home freezer. Upper door
opens to Locker-Top for freezing foods,
keeping up to 70 IDS. safe for months.
Lower door opens to Super-Moist Cold-
Wall Refrigerator which guards foods' MASTER MODELS-offer up to 50% more room
flavor, appearance for days. 10 cu. f t . for food storage, in same kitchen area! More
bottle room; ample shelf space; large glass-
topped Hydrator for fruits, vegetables. As in
al Frigidaire Refrigerators, Quickube Ice Trays.
New, smart - looking flat top, handy as extra
kitchen shelf. Four sizes: 6, 7,9, 11 cu. f t .

M E T E R - M I S E R - o n / y F r i g i d a i r e h a s it I
Simplest cold-making mechanism ever built. Sealed in
steel, never needs oiling. Backed by 5-Year
Protection Plan.

An The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

But...
FtodaireMritolors!
9 NEW MODELS-
A T Y P E A N D SIZE FOR E V E R Y
REFRIGERATION REQUIREMENT

Never before has there been a line of refrigerators

like this new Frigidaire line. They offer architects,
builders, building owners and managers a com-
plete choice of types, as well as sizes, in refrigera-
tors . . . the opportunity to select exactly what is
needed, no matter what the individual installation
problem.

Compared to anything you have ever seen, these

are completely new refrigerators, new inside and
out—in appearance . . . performance f e a t u r e s . . . in
design that gives up to 50% more storage space
in the same kitchen area.
Your nearby Frigidaire Dealer will gladly fur-
nish you full information about the many features
of the new Frigidaire Refrigerators. Also, with in-
formation on the new Frigidaire Electric Ranges,
Water Heaters, Home Freezers, Kitchen Cabinets
and Sinks, Automatic Washer, Automatic Dryer,
Electric Ironer.

Today, more Frigidaire Refrigerators serve in

DE LUXE MODELS-features of both Imperial and
more American homes than any other make. And Master models; (1) full-width Super-Freezer Chest
this year—more than ever—you'll be wise to specify gives more space, lower temperatures for longer
storage of frozen foods; (2) large food compart-
Frigidaire.
ment, cooled partly by Super-Freezer-parlly by
cooling coils concealed in back, bottom of cabinet.
SEE YOUR FRIGIDAIRE APPLIANCE DEALER . . .
Less air circulation to drv out foods. 7.9,11 cu, ft.
for complete information. Find name in Classified
Phone Directory. Or write: Frigidaire, Dayton 1,
Ohio. ( I n Canada, Leaside 12, Ontario.)

w y k E Tvwce as sure with two FRIGIDAIRE

smi names

MAPE
--"^ GENERAL MOTORS
61
 lit imHl«Tn a b s t r a c t d e s i g n d o n e b y W a r n t - r P r i n s . T h i s set,

of w h i c h the l a r g e s t is 18 x 15 in. a n d 2 2 in. h i g h , c o s t s $ 1 4 0 .

T h e 2 6 i n . s q u a r e t a b l e , fitted w i t h m o r e c o n v e n t i o n a l tiles

b y F r i t z v o n H e r m a n n , c o s t s $ 1 3 0 .

AWARDS
DESIGN OK A " S H O W P L A C E " COSMETIC SALES AND MANUFAC-
TURING CENTER w a s the p m b l e m set f o r U . S. .students of

a r c h i t e c t u r e , l a n d s c a p e a r c h i t e c t u r e , p a i n t i n g a n d s c u l p t i i r e

Bank. Store or w h o p a r l i c i [ ) a t e d in the 2 1 s t c o l l a b o r a t i v e c o m p e t i t i o n si)on-

Office BuildinR
Mirrd t h i s y e a r b y the A s s o c i a t i o n o f llu- A l u m n i o f tlie A m e r i -

c a n Aciiili iiiv in R o m e .

Hospital and
Institution

F i r s t p r i z e o f $ 2 0 0 w a s a w a r d e d to a C r a n b r o o k A c a d e m y

of P i n e A r t s c o l l a b o r a t i o n ( s k e t c h a b o v e I. T h i s p l a n b y W . C .

M u c h o w . M a t t K a h n a n d D . H . K n o r r . t a k e s a d v a n t a g e of the

C d u n l r y >ite s p e c i f i e d b y the r u l e s to a l l o w f o r l a r g e p o o l a n d

g a r d e n a r e a s i n f r o n t o f t h e m a n u f a c t u r i n g a n d office s e c t i o n s

of the b u i l d i n g (left a n d c e n t e r ) . A l o n g p a v i l i o n ( r i g h t )

a p p r o a c h i n g the r o a d line p r o v i d e s e l e g a n t r e c e p t i o n a n d dis-

p l a y - p a c e , a n d a m p l y fulfills the liy|).illiclical c i ) m i ) a n y ' > w i s h

to d r a w p u b l i c a t t e n t i o n ti> the p l a n t a n d its p r o d u c t .

.\ C o r n e l l U n i v e r s i t y t e a m m e r i t e d .second p r i z e ( $ 1 0 0 i ;
Hotel or
a n d h o n o r a b l e m e n t i o n s w e r e w o n b y C o o p e r U n i o n a n d b y

C o r n e l l , N o t r e D a m e a n d W e s t e r n R e s e r v e U n i v e r s i t i e s .

T h e j u r y w a s c o m p o s e d of E . V . M e e k s . L o r i m e r R i c h .

M o r r i s K e t c h u m , J r . . F r a n c i s C o r m i e r . A . F . B r i n c k e r h o f f .

R i c h a r d M u r d o c k . F r a n c i s B r a d f o r d . R u s s e l l C o w l c s . A l l y n

C o x . G a e t a n o C e c e r e . I s a m u N o g u c h i a n d W h e e l e r W i l l i a m s .

EXHIBITS
% Stanley Magic of any modern commercial building.
Doors speed traffic, To aid you in preparing plans and speci-
Industrial Plant
Communicating Doors improve service, fications, we have a wealth of material on
protect air condi- Stanley Magic Doors ready to mail to
tioning because they see and act. This you. This covers every type of Magic
means they open automatically on ap- Door controls in a wide variety of appli-
proach . . . stay open till traffic passes cations. Our experienced staff is also ready
. . . then close promptly and silently. But to cooperate with you from first plan to
most of all, they will please your clients, final installation — an assurance that your
their tenants, and the public-and that's particular requirements are fully met.
an important measure of the success Mail the coupon today.

[STANLEY] T / | ^ p t C / 1 ) ( H m
Reg.
Rog. U.S. Pot. Off. U
H A R D W A R E . HAND T O O L S . E L E C T R I C T O O L S REQUIRE NO HAND TO OPEN
r . H i i \ ^ S n . n i - . ill,- -IIIlliniT ~ll'iU al lllr V l u - r u i l l 'pf llu'
- • ^ j ^ S i
C i t y o f -New Y o r k ( A p r i l 2 8 - O c t o b e r 3 ) .sets out to g i v e a
The Stanley Works, Magic Door Division
New Britain, Conn. p i c t o r i a l h i s t o r y of this f a m o u s t h o r o u g h f a r e w h i c h r i u i s i n a

Gentlemen: Please send full information on Stanley l o n g d i a g o n a l a c r o s s M a n h a t t a n I s l a n d . W i t h a w e a l t h o f

Magic Doors for: m a t e r i a l f r o m its o w n s t o r e s a n d a n u m b e r of i n t e r e s t i n g b o r -

( ) Commercial ( ) Industrial use.
r o w e d i t e m s the s h o w h o p s f r o m e r a to e r a a n d e v e n t to e v e n t
Name o v e r the 3 2 0 y e a r s o f B r o a d w a y ' s e x i s t e n c e . I n p o g o - s t i c k

Firm Name f a s h i o n it t a k e s i n t h e a t e r s , c h u r c h e s , f a r m s . t o w T i h o u s e s . fires,

Street f u n e r a l s , p a r a d e s a n d p a r k s . (Continued on page ()8)

City State

A7 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

 F I B E R G L A S ^ . . h e l p s keep it clean
There are two important functions of clean air in
cooled motors, located just outside of the spray
the enamel spray phase of production in the wash-
booth, and their electrical controls, frequent and
ing machine plant of T h e Apex Electrical Manufac-
costly shutdowns would result. This equipment
turing Company in Cleveland. And D U S T - S T O P
room, too, is protected by D U S T - S T O P Air Filters.
Air Filters, a Fiberglas product, were selected for
this dual job. Packs of adhesive coated Fiberglas fibers con-
stitute the filter medium of D U S T - S T O P replace-
First, clean air in this spray booth, where dust
ment-type air filters and account for high filtering
could mar the smooth, white enameled surfaces,
efficiencies. Standard D U S T - S T O P frame cells are
means fewer rejects and imperfections. The DUST-
easily assembled to provide filter capacity for the
STOP Air Filters, behind the operators in the view
smallest to the largest heating, ventilating or air-
above, trap dust particles, let only clean air enter
conditioning system. DUST-STOPS provide clean
the booth.
air at low cost. They're economical to install, inex-
Then, too, there is a fine mist of paint in the air pensive to replace . . . F o r complete information,
around the booth, in spite of water curtains and write Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corporation, Dept.
other precautions. If this mist were to contact air- 8 3 0 , Toledo 1, Ohio.
In Canada: Fiberglas Canada LttL, Toronto^ Ontano.

O W E N S - C O R N I N G

Fiberglas
AIR FILTERS
^ H B I R G L A S i . t h . t r o d , mark { R . a . U , S. Pot. Off.) for o [Link] of product, m o d . of or with glo.. flb.r. by O w o n - C o m l n a F i b . r g l o . Corporotloo.

63
 Where men and medicine meet
there's Brick and Tile
Great hospitals, clinics and laboratories long have been built with time-
tested Brick and Facing Tile. Attractive, flexible design . . . permanence
. . . ability to stand heavy traffic . . . ease and economy of maintenance . . .
colorful, light-reflecting interiors that are easy to clean and keep clean —
are some of the values brick and tile give to modern medical buildings.
To help you apply these advantages and the economies of modular
coordination, two new handbooks "Brick Engineering" and "Tile Engi-
neering" ore available at $2.50 each, postpaid. Write to Dept. A F - 6 , Struc-
tural Cloy Products Institute, 1756 K Street, N. W . , Washington 6, D. C .

A4 The Architectural F O R U M June 194 8

 h//dsh/s
Model "dream houses" similar to
the one in the RKO Radio Picture
"Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream
/ DreamHouse
House," starring Cary Grant and
Myrna Loy (a Selznick Release),
will be seen by home owners all
over the country.

.builds rXlllKDl UHOl T TIIF. COl \TRY. niodi l " i l r r i m i

client |_ houses" are h r i n j ' h u i l l lo l l i e p a t t e r n se*

acceptance in t i n - n i i r i - r i l n u n ic l i i l . "Mv. Hliimlin;:>

B u i l d s H i s D r e a m H o u s e . " a n d many o f t l i n n
r(|iii|»iii (l w i l l i (j-K l i i - a l i i i ^ units.
Each sc<-li(>n o f l i u - c o u n f r y can have liu*
l \ |)c ( i f Ileal in? il p r d V i - . . . I>c( aiisr ( M iirr al
K I c c t r i c lias f«mr k i n d s to o f f e r . . . ira- and o i l
h o i l c r s . . . ^as a n d o i l w a r m a i r furnace-.

Tliousan<ls o f p r o s p e c t i v e ju)me o w m i s
w i l l - r e ( M i i n a l K I c c l r i c c(nii|iiiM'til in llicse
home-. M i l l i o n - - i n u i c \^ill i c a i l alioni it i n
n a t i o n a l advertisements . . . w i l l ;:ive a ln-arty
n r l c o n i e t o t h a i <«pii|inii'nl i n l l i c i r o w n
h o i n i - or (Ic\ elopnu-nts.

l iiat s o n r m o r e i «M>on \\ l i \ il w ill pa) y o u

in o w n e r satisfaction to s p e c i f y G . E . f o r h o m e
In a t i n ^ . C a l l y o u r (General Electric- d i s t r i l i u -
l o r f o r f u l l i n f o r m a t i o n . Gvin-ral Flrctric
('oni pntiy. iir (.ondilionniu. Di-jxirl ititiil.
Srrtion 1181M). Bloom fir Id, ^. J.

GENERAL ^ ELECTRIC
Autoniatu' 4ias and Oil livut

G-E O i l - f i r e d G-E O i l - f i r e d G-E G a s - f i r e d G-E G o s - f i r e d

Boiler W a r m A i r Furnace Boiler W a r m A i r Furnace
 THE
USTHON nca. U.S. PAi. 01 f.
HOME

What we say in
struction in Lustron's "new standard for
living."
The great strength of all-steel construc-
What's in a phrase? tion plus the lasting qualities and easy
maintenance of porcelain enameled steel
We have tried to put our conception of the Lustron Home into a concise means permanence, low rate of depreciation,
higher resale value over a longer time.
meaningful combination of words. We call it Low carrying charges (well within the
reach of modest incomes) cover not only a

''...a new standard for living.

99 substantial house but also a "package"
house, in which all utilities, built-in
storage units and combination dishwasher-
Of course, the idea in these words will convey different implications to clotheswasher are included on one mortgage.
The Lustron Home is delivered complete,
different people. Here are some of the things we think four basic groups
ready to live in—the buyer's funds are not
of people will read into i t . spread over separate installment payments
on a great number of items.

To the Builder-Dealer
tion and in structural methods. Lustron's plan o f working through sound-
To the Buyer Most architects know porcelain enamel ly financed builder-dealers in established
Obviously, the family who buys a Lustron as a quality building material for restau- communities means that construction costs
Home has a right to expect easier, better rants, store fronts and other commercial can be stabilized and accurately controlled.
living. buildings. U n t i l now it has been a high-cost There can be no unforeseen construction
More house for the money—more than material. Our mass-production methods delays, no substitution of materials.
KXK) square feet of usable, livable f^oor make this quality material available for Builder-dealers put their time against
space. More utilities included in the basic home construction—truly "a new standard construction and sales. They waste no time
purchase—kitchen cabinets, combination for living." on procurement, in vain searches for scarce
dishwasher-clotheswasher, exhaust fan, au- We are winning new adherents for radiant materials. They erect a complete Lustron
tomatic water hearer, automatic oil or gas Home in approximately three days after
panel heating, for built-in storage wall units,
heating plant, complete bathroom fixtures. completion of the concrete foundation, and
for full insulation as a primary requisite in
Twice the storage space of a comparable get on to the next job—giving the building
construction, for the one-floor basement-
conventional house in Lustron's built-in industry the quick turnover it has needed
less home, for sliding doors and large win-
"closet walls." Built-in features and radiant for long.
dows, for poured concrete floor slabs.
panel heating system unobtainable in any Lustron Homes are now on exhibition in
And because Lustron Homes will put
other house at any price. N o repainting, New York, Washington, Milwaukee, and
these new ideas to such practical tests on
redecorating or reroofing ever needed in this other cities. They will soon be on display
such a vast scale, architects will soon find
porcelain enameled steel home. The only throughout the country.
clients in all income brackets more receptive
cleaning materials are soap, water, and a Deliveries to builder-dealers will start
to incorporating these modern trends in
damp cloth. late June or July. We invite you to inspect
plans and individual home contracts.
the Lustron Home in your community—
To the Architect
To the Lending Institution and for more details, write us.
To the architect, "a new standard for l i v i n g "
Banks, savings and loan associations, mort- LUSTRON CORPORATION
means that Lustron is pioneering—in an
gage houses, and government agencies will 42{X) East F i f t h Avenue
extremely broad section of the entire housing
find a new standard of value in home con- Columbus 16, Ohio © L . C
market—the use of new ideas i n construc-
 our slogan

^ " ^ e T r ; ' : ' ' ' ' ° d e p r e c i a t i o n - t h e s e a d v a n t a g e s are basie in the low-eost Lustron Home. Poreelainenameled
steel panels can never rust, deeay, fade, weather or stain. The Lustron Home never needs repainting, redecorating or rerooHng

Detail drawings show soundness of Lustron construction methods.

STUD
ASPHALT TILE PORCELAIN
BASEBOARD R O O F PANELS TRUSS

i ASPHALT FLOOR
TILE
INSULATION
I " DIA. BRACE WIRE MESH EXTERIOR
& REINF. BARS PORCELAIN
PANELS

INSULATION
PORCELAIN
TAR PAPER SUPPORT
PANEL

INSULATION
INSULATION
C E I U N G PANELS

'i'INSULATION TRUSS BEARING

A N C H O R BOLT PLATE
WALL STUDS
 In spite of its good material, the total show never equals the
>urn of its parts.
Ignoring the admirable display techniques developed by its
neighbor museums ( the Modern A r t and more recently the
Metropolitan) the City Museum has muffed its chance f o r a
wonderful show. Distinguished, i f not masterly paintings by
such well known artists as George Bellow, Edward Hopper
and John Sloan are overwhelmed with masses of prints and
photographs. Anyone intent on gaining information about
New York's architectural and social history, however, w i l l fiiul
the show a valuable one. Like a walk along the street it
N o more "fumbling"
chronicles, BROADWAY S I G H T S is wearing on the back and on
with colors! Time is saved,
controversies are averted eye—but diverting just the same.
when you have the Moleta
T H E C L E V E L A N D MI'SKI M OF A K T is holding its 30th May show
C O L O R G U I D E . This
handsome book is win- this year (lastinj: through June 13th). This series of exhibits
ning r o u n d - t h e - w o r l d has been among the largest of regional art shows and includes
honors . . . serving users
in Europe, Arabia, Africa, examples of local design in enamel, silver and other metals as
China, all over the globe! well as painting, sculpture and photography. During their
T h e Moleta C O L O R 30-year history the exhibits have resulted in the sale of 11,298
G U I D E gives a page-by- pieces at a total net of $286,077.
page display of 150 heautijul co/ors.. . each tint from
the palest to the darkest shown on a large page ( 9 " x T H E A M E R I C A N FEDERATION O F A R T S announces that it has
15")- The correct mixing formula is given on the prepared two new traveling exhibits—"The St. Louis' Jeffer-
reverse of each page.
son Memorial Park Competition," which comprises 3 5 draw-
Write for your copy oj the Moleta COLOR GUIDE ings of the most outstanding designs submitted f o r this recent
—$5.00, delivered anywhere in the V. S. A. $125,000 competition, won by Eero Saarincn; and "Ghosts
M O N R O E , LEDERER & T A U S S I G , I n c . Along the Mississippi," photographs by Clarence Laughlin
6 0 6 N. A m e r i c a n S t . , P h l l a . 2 3 , P a . tracing the development of indigenous architectural design
along the river banks. Further information may be obtained

Moleta
from the Federation at their offices, 1262 New Hampshire Ave.,
The Truly Washable NW. Washington 6. D . C. [Link] on pnur 711
FLAT O I L P A I N T

J ^ C L A B O R A T O R Y ARCHITECT...
PAINTER...
WRITER

iMOur
CATALOG

in

I & C UnlU being

Tested In laboratory.
Edited by
PROVES P E R F O R M A N C E
PRECISE MEASITREMENT . . . Of exact static piMsuxe <1R>P O C I O S S Stamo P a p a d a k i
each J 4 C unit and proper blower size lor each J & C ModeL
EXHAUSTTVE TESTS . . . of I & C units provide installation engineers
with the data needed for correct instollations. This book, wifh its 180 superb
ONLY IN THE LABORATORY . . . may technicians definitely establish:
Correct Pressure Loss Measurements illustrations, is the first in English
Proper Temperature Rise
Acciuate Flue Gas analysis to show the full range and mag-
Known Heat Transfer nitude of Le Corbusier's achieve-
NO GUESSWORK . . . The J 4 C laboratory, working for you. permits
accurate installotions because performance capabiUties are precisely ments through the various media
determined.
he has used — architecture, town
THE COMPLETE LINE COMPLETELY PROVEN
J & C, America's largest and most complete Warm Air Heating planning, painting, and writing.
Line, offers over 100 types and sizes with outputs from 3,800,000 $7.50 Contributors are J . L. Sert, Joseph
down to 100,000 Btu in the Famous Tubular Series . . . other at all
models down to 52,500 Btu. Exact engineering plus endless testing Hudnut, Femand Leger, James
bookstores
provide the J & C ieatiues that give you an "edge" when you Thrall Soby, Dr. S. Giedion.
specify or install J & C.

M A C M I L L A N
A PRODUCT OF
J A C K S O N & CHURCH COMPANY, SAGINAW, MICHIGAN
Ml a m K W I I L O O N I t I N C i ' t l
 I
I
I
I
I
I

I
I
I
I
The
I
I
I
I
I
Sign
I
I
I
I
I
of the "Certified adequate wirins . . makes possible . . full use of electrical service . . my own elec-
tric home, and each one in our adequately wired home development. . will still be modern
years from now because of adequate wirinft," says Mr. W. H. Jewett. Fullerton. Cal. builder.
I
I
I
I
I
times P r o o f A d e q u a t e —
another home-buiiding project featuring Certified Adequate
I
Wiring—the Jewett Development C o . , Fullerton, C a l .
I
I IS What It Means To Y o u : C e r t i f i e d A d e q u a t e W i r i n g makes t o -
I day's h o m e buyers t o m o r r o w s boosters. I t h e l p s y o u b u i l d houses
that stay m o d e r n f o r years. I t h e l p s y o u sell houses easier and
I
q u i c k e r because: ( l ) i t o v e r c o m e s today's buyer resistance; ( 2 )

CERTIFIED
i t assures p r o m o t i o n a l s u p p o r t f r o m y o u r e l e c t r i c a l i n d u s t r y .

What It Means To The Home Buyer: A d e q u a t e W i r i n g makes

even a moderate-cost house, o r a r e m o d e l e d h o m e , modern. I t
p r o v i d e s n o t o n l y f o r today's e l e a r i c a l needs but f o r t h o s e o f

ADEQUATE
t o m o r r o w — i n c l u d i n g such t h i n g s as k i t c h e n and l a u n d r y a p p l i -
ances w h i c h can be c o v e r e d by a " p a c k a g e d m o r t g a g e . "

What "Adequate Wiring" Means: A n adequate e l e c t r i c service

entrance; e n o u g h c i r c u i t s ; e n o u g h convenience o u t l e t s ; p e r m a n e n t

WIRING"
l i g h t s and switches.

Here's What You C a n Do About It:

1. U s e the services o f y o u r l o c a l A d e q u a t e W i r i n g Bureau i n

p r e p a r i n g c o m p l e t e w i r i n g l a y o u t f o r every floor p l a n .

^DEQUAn 2 . I n s t a l l A d e q u a t e W i r i n g i n accordance w i t h t h i s layout.

3. O b t a i n y o u r " P r o o f A d e q u a t e " — a c e r t i f i c a t e f o r each deed.

4. I f there is n o A d e q u a t e W i r i n g B u r e a u i n y o u r area, write us

f o r details o f h o w t o use " A d e q u a t e W i r i n g " as a sales feature.

CLIP A N D M A I L T O D A Yforfreeinformation and mcteriaH

NATIONAL NATIONAL ADEQUATE WIRING BUREAU, Dept. AF-6
155 E. 44th Street, New York 17, N . Y .

adequate wiring
Please .send me. without charpc. information on how to take advan-
tage of Adequate Wiring as a sales feature.

TITLE

STREET ADDRESS.
BUREAU OTY STATE ,
 MotJeru l-looritig Techniques:
No. 2 of a series of articles on
the use of asphalt tile flooring
prepared by leading architects
and building authorities for the
information of the architectural
and building professions. I,
The TUe-Tex Company, Inc.
pioueer maker of asphalt tile

How the REXALL DRUG COMPANYasphalt tile

in its b u i l d i n g a n d m o d e r n i z a t i o n p r o g r a m
By Fred S c h m i d , V/ce President to wear as certain rypes of cement-finished floors, of course;
In Charge of Construction and Design, Rexall Drug Co.
but this one factor is more than compensated f o r by the
wider group of colors available in asphalt tile, the infinite
Asphalt tile has many Lises in our building and number of patterns and design's which can be worked f r o m
^ Jfc^ modernization program primarily because of its this all-purpose flooring material, and its resilience and
'^^Kr low initial cost and its adaptability to changing safety under-foot.
Store conditions. W e have found i t especially The ease and low cost of maintaining asphalt tile is o f
suitable when installing new floors in existing drug stores particular interest to us as chain store operators. T o assure
because the speed of installation insures a m i n i m u m inter- maximum service and to protect the beauty and surface of
ruption of store business. the material, our Maintenance Department is careful to fur-
Our experience, furthermore, has been that asphalt tile nish all of our store managers w i t h the simple instructions
is a sturdy, long-wearing floor material. I t is not as resistant necessary f o r maintenance of asphalt tile floors.

Ade Schumacher,
Rexall Vice Presi-
dent and Regional
Director and Fred
Schmid discuss a
f l o o r i n g problem
with Builder Louis
C. Dunn and Archi-
tect Albert F. Roller
(reading l e f t to
right) for one of the
Rexall Drug G>m-
pany's more than
10,000 company and
independently
owned stores

The A r c h i f e c t u r a l F O R U M June 194 0

 This Glendale, California Rexall outlet I below left) acquired the "new
look" with a new, marbleized asphalt tile floor in a smart, gray-green
checkerboard pattern. To direct store traffic to the prescription depart-
ment, an inexpensive asphalt tile insert was used.

New floor going /«—quiddy, and with a minimum interruption of store

U S E S FOR A S P H A L T T I L E IN T H E R E X A L L business! This attractive asphalt tile floor (upper photo) in marbleized
gray plays the key role in the overall modernization of this Rexall Drug
Store i*i Downey, California.
DRUG COMPANY CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM: Ready for business—and lots of it! (lower photo) Modem trends in store
New Store Construction: Asphalt tile is used i n a new store decoration call for extensive use of color. The wide color range in which
asphalt tile is available simplifies the problem of tying floor, walls and
when we have a comparatively short lease, or the location does not furnishings together in the overall decorative scheme.
warrant heavy construction expenditures, because the material is
economical f r o m an installation and maintenance standpoint and
still has long life. The tile is installed over the entire store area
to save the additional expense of extra flooring i n the aisles behind
counters. Asphalt tile has proved to be a comfortable walking
and working surface for employees who spend long hours on their
feet. By covering the entire area we also eliminate the need for
floor alterations or repairs when i t becomes necessary to change
the b y o u t of counters or showcases.

I n flooring a new store where both a long lease and extremely

heavy store traffic must be considered, we usually specify terrazzo
because of its greater resistance to wear. Even here, however, a
greaseproof asphalt tile is used behind the soda fountain. I t is
easier underfoot and isn't affected by food greases.

Modernization of Existing Stores: For upgrading drug stores at

low cost we give an old store a "new look" by improved lighting,
interior repainting and, where the existing floor is worn out, old
fashioned or i n need o f repair, a colorful, new asphalt tile floor.
One of the b i g advantages of using asphalt tile is that we can
usually install the floor overnight without interfering w i t h the
business of the store.

Store Expansion: W h e n we have the problem of enlarging an

existing store already floored w i t h asphalt tile, we find it's a simple
and inexpensive matter to cover the new area w i t h a matching tile.
If, f o r one [Link] or another, an entirely new floor is needed, it's
important to our plan of operation to know that here. too. we can
easily cover first the new then the old area without curtailing op- OfRce Buildings: The ofiices and corridors o f our new w o r l d
erations in the existing store. headquarters building in Los Angeles are floored w i t h asphalt tile.
The material when used i n offices offers many of the same prac-
tical advantages it does for store use. Moreover, it's a good floor-
Independent Stores: The benefits of our experience w i t h as-
ing for office areas because of its resiliency, pleasing colors and
phalt tile and other flooring materials used i n Rexall's 480 com-
sound deadening qualities. Acoustical ceilings are used through-
pany owned drug stores are passed on to the almost 10,000 Rexall
out our headquarters building which makes the need f o r overall
independent agents! As part o f the service furnished them f o r
sound deadening an important consideration.
planning, building and equipping their stores, we suggest wall
colors, ceilings, store fronts, l i g h t i n g — i n fact a complete design- « » • 4 O

decoration plan. Asphalt tile, i n colors that tie i n w i t h the overall Many, many thousands of retail establishments throughout the country,
decorative scheme, is specifically recommended t o them as the selling every imaginable kind of merchandise, handling widely varying
traffic loads, and catering to both class and mass patronage are today sur-
ideal floor covering material.
faced with Tile-Tex* Asphalt Tile! Whatever your problem in flooring,
look first to this quality asphalt tile—thoroughly proved in almost a quarter
of a century of serving America's flooring needs. For more information
concerning this all purpose flooring material or reprints of this article,
write The Tile-Tex Company, Inc. (subsidiary of The FUntkote Company),
Chicago Heights, Illinois. Sales offices in Chicago, New York, Los Angeles
and New Orleans.

The T I L E - T E X Company
TILETEXCO
CHICAGO HEIGHTS, ILLINOIS

• R E G I S T E R E D TRADEMARK OF T H E T I L E TEX CDMPANY. INC.

 is the toughest, longest-lasting, best-value built-up roof that can be made

BARRETT S P E C I F I C A T I O N S , published in Sweet's and also available P R O P E R P R E P A R A T I O N of the roof deck, according to type and
in the Barrett .Reference Manual for Architects and Engineers, stipu- incline. They specify the number of plies of Barrett Specification*
late exact quantities and qualities and proved application techniques Felt to be used, the exact quantities of Barrett Specification* Pitch,
to produce a uniformly dependable result. They stipulate . . . and precisely how they shall be applied. They also require . . .

A F I N A L P O U R I N G (not mopping) of Barrett Specification* Pitch Y O U R F I N A L A S S U R A N C E of '"the finest roof it's possible to build"
into which, while hot, the gravel or slag is firmly embedded. This is the "Section test" made by the Barrett Inspector. This operation
forms the famous Barrett armored surface which means extra pro- provides an unfailing check upon the quantity of materials used and
tection against weather, fire and mechanical damage. the applicator's adherence to the stipulations of Barrett specifications.

1. Barrett Specification'^ Pitch and Felt

2. BARRETT APPLICATION METHODS

3 . The Gravel or Slag Armored Surface
4. The Barrett Approved Roofer THE BARRETT DIVISION
ALUED CHEMICAL S DYE CORPORATION
40 Reclor Street, N e w York 6, N . Y .
THE S U P E R I O R I T Y of the Barrett Specification* Roof is due to the combination of highest-quality
36tti St. & G r a y ' s Ferry A v e n u e
roofing materials, the protective surface of gravel or slag, and scientifically standardized appli- Philadelphia 46, P a .
cation techniques used by Barrett Approved Roofers. The result is a roof so good that it can be 2800 So. Saeramonio A v e n u e Birmingham,
C h i c a g o 2 3 , III. Alabama
bonded against repair and maintenance expense for periods up to 2 0 years—a roof so good that
I n C a n a d a : T h e Barrett C o m p a n y , L t d .
it regularly outlasts the bonded period by many years. 5 5 5 1 S I . Hubert St., Monfreal, P. Q .

•iioK. i ; .s I'm, otr;

The Architectural F O R U M June 194 8

21
 Charles Noble, Architect, Detroit
The EssliHRer-Misch Co., Contructors, Detroit

IN 422 HOMES ZONOLITE FIREPROOF

PLASTER AGGREGATE REDUCES THE
DEAD LOAD INSULATES AGAINST
HEAT, COLD AND SOUND

Zonolite Plaster Speeds Construction UNDERWRITERS GIVE *VERMICULITE

a n d Provides V a l u e s Found PLASTER 4-HOUR FIRE RATING
in N O Other M a t e r i a l
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORY T E S T R E S U L T S
I n " P i t t s f i e l d V i l l a g e , " large M i c h i g a n h o u s i n g SECTION THRU
TEUPCRATURE
rCbirt«*Tuiits FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
project, Z o n o l i t e Plaster Aggregate was used K C A C H C O IM 4 MWS.
REDUCTIONS
THRU MATCRIALJ

throughout. This material provided a lightweight, 303°F

fireproof plaster o f h i g h i n s u l a t i n g and sound
""'JHJJ'J \''''f"^.^^ '^*°°!'^"*—692°F*69fS
d e a d e n i n g qualities. T h e Z o n o l i t e plaster was
a p p l i e d over gypsum b o a r d l a t h . 995°F

AIR 3 P A C E CONTAINING
Architects and engineers are interested i n the STRUCTURAL MEMBERS -|95V-I6«
w e i g h t s a v i n g features o f Z o n o l i t e Plaster A g g r e -
gate. I t weighs o n l y 8 pounds per cubic foot as
compared to 1 0 0 pounds per cubic foot f o r sand, 1190 F -
' . '\''t»MicyLiTC'PLASTER'• ' ' • ^ ^ - < ^ 3 I 0 ° F - 4 0 ^
thus g r e a t l y reducing dead load i n buildings—as 2000''F-
much as five tons i n the average house. As i t applies
faster a n d easier, i t speeds up construction.
In receni test by Underwriters' Laboratories,Inc. 1 inch of Vermiculite
For f u l l details about Z o n o l i t e , fill i n and m a i l Plaster on metal lath used as protection for steel floor and structural
members, received 4-hour fire rating, the highest rating awarded any
the c o u p o n .
material. Chart shows results and maximum temperatures reached.
This construction is the lightest, least expensive and thinnest fire
ZONOLITE COMPANY protection ever to withstand this test.
Dept. A F - 6 8 • 1 3 5 S. La Salle St., Chicago 3 , Illinois •Zonolite Plaster Aggresate is a brand of Vermiculite.

Check Z O N O L I T E COMPANY
Dept. AF-68, 135 S. La Salle St., ChicaRO 3. III.
Coupon K
Gendemen; Please send me complete details on • Zonolite Plaster,
• Zonolite (Concrete Floors, • Zonolite Concrete Roofs.

and Mail g Name •.

^ AMress
Today for
1 City Zone Slate
Details J Please check: • Architect • Engineer • Draftsman • Contractor

72
 s
TEXTILE COMPETITION
TiiK [Link].^TIONAL T F . . \ T I L E K X H I B I T I O N . sponsored by the

Put More Woman's College of North Carolina University, Greensboro,

N. C . announces its 1948 competition for textile designs.
STYLE and COMFORT Seven groups of entries are listed: woven rugs, woven clothing
fabrics, woven draperies and upholstery, napery—woven
into Office Hours and or printed, printfd textiles, woven synthetics and woven
linen. Purchase awards (covering the article submitted, not
the design) are S250. $200 and S150 for the three best rugs
M O D E R N H E A T I N G A T ITS B E S T ! -[Link]'d: and 8100. S75 and S50 for the three best designs
Modinc (.Dnvcctor Radiation in each of the other classifications. All further information
gives you mild radiant heat plus
the gentle air circulation of may be obtained from the Secretary of the International
convection lieatinc.
Textile Exhibition at the Department of .Art of the Woman's
C«»llege. Entry blanks must be received by September 17th.

ARCHITECTURAL CLASSIC AGAIN AVAILABLE

T H E L I F E WORK OF THE AMERICAN ARCHITECT FRANK LLOYU
WRIGHT, for a long time out of print, is now available in a
limiti-d idilion bound from original press sheets. Published
in Hfdiand in 1925. this book is the most [Link]
Wright's early work and is the book which made Wright an
international force. The Life Work (with English text) con-

A modern, blended heating system for modern office

c o m f o r t . . . a heating system that gives you individ-
ual room control, gentle draft-free, warmed air circulation
tains 197 illustrations of Wright's early buildings as well as
articles on his design by Lewis Mumford, J . J . P. Oud. Eric
without the use of moving parts tfiat wear out — that's Mendelsohn. Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright himself.
what Modine Convector Radiation offers you. If you're Books are obtainable at Kroch's Bookstores, Inc., 2 0 6 N .
planning to build or remodel an office building, labora-
tory, or showroom, specify the dependable heating com-
.Michigan Ave.. Chicago, III. at $17.50 a copy.
fort, distinctive style, space saving, cleanliness, and long
service of Modine Convector Radiation. Look for Modine's NEW OFFICES
representative in the "Wherc-to-buy-it" section of your
phone book, or write for free literature. E R T Z . HARTFORD & K i ETTNER. architects, have opened offices at
1205 S.W. 18th Ave.. Portland 5. Ore. (Continued on page 8(1)
MODINE MFG. CO., 1507 Dekoven Ave., Racine, Wis.

SPECIFY A not V " * * ' ' * ' * ^

BUILT-IN BREEZE
Backed by 17 yean experience, Bar-Brook
Breezebullders*
cooling
cooling
Fan Units
comfort.
a r e e n g i n e e r e d for a lifetime of

is d e s i r e d ,
with
When efficient,
y o o c a n specify
confidence. Write
economical
Bar-Brook
today for
^MONARCH
complete information a n d specifications.

INSTANT EXIT "J,

BAR-BROOK MFG. C O . , INC.
5HREVEPORT, L O U I S I A N A P
iANIC DEVICES
> Gunrunleed by WRITE TODAY f o r illustrated literature, or refer
BASEMENT Good llousckccpinc
to Sweet's Catalog, for Inforination on the types
of devices you need. Our easy-order information
will spaed your specification listing.

RIM DEVICE, (illustrated). MORTISE,

and V E R T I C A L R O D types
CLOSET H E A V Y BRASS in standard sizes and
made to dimension
Model B BREEZEBUILDER*
Units (for vertical installa- B L A C K IRON in stock sizes for on-
tion) In 3 6 " , 4 2 " , 4 8 " . 5 4 "
the-job cutting
sixai. Model H Units (foiT
horizontal installation) in

CLAYTON & LAMBERT MFG. CO.

36", 4 2 " sixes. Certified
capacity ratings from 7500
to 18,000 C F M . •trademark
1709 DIXIE HIGHWAY • LOUISVILLE 10, KY.

TL- A.-LU,.i..,.l C O R I I U InnA l«?48

 Hot onW B c n d i x
w a s h e r s but
Bendix dryers
too . . • o r e p a r t o f

t h e s e n e w G r o s s h o m e s !

ment in Gross Homes.

-Better looking... and better imng.

InstaUing a ^^f^^T^^^r"^^^^'^^
Bendix automatic D-^^^'^^"^^^es it more com-
the value ot the P - P - u^ng. And elimina-
trLTtdi::it-*e
pletely ^ r P P f - t I h e s poles and clotheslines
beauty of house

and erounds.
. J » ih^t America's blue-chip
It's not by accident that Amen ^^^^
buUders. like These
Bendix equipment a part o^ J ^^^^^^
smart builders know that a P^^^f, ^^^ts.
easier li^-ing is a hom^e that^he^^ ^ ^
Also, Bendix Washe^ ana y ^
package-mortgage b ^ s - j o ^ f j„ ,he

• .S0takeatip<[Link],,.ni,n..^^
of a Look-Ahead Budd^;^ b ^^^^.^^ ^^^^^

Tol^t
A reputation for P^ing m^^^^^^^^ ^,Ung
r''^' when the housing boom is overt
houses tomorrow

DISPLAY THE SIGN OF A

«LOOK-AHEAD BUILDER" •

^. Louis Mo. All

+ Gross Homes Development J" gendix auto-
The - t c h l e s s Ben^^^^^^^^^^^
n J:V De Luxe-can even
The all new Bend x De Lux^ • T i m f " boon^ l o ^ u r women prospects.
range from $19.5""' pSn for this Bendix duet!
for 6 rooms (1.79" sq. ' put in . " j : , \ J ei^vcon^
..wc RFTTER WITH BENDIX!
YOUR CUSTOMERS L / V E BETTER W

B E N DlX'"'°"'''" Home Laundry SOUTH

COUTH
BEND
BEND
. 4 . INDIANA
unME APPLIANCES, INC.
75
BENDIX HOME
 Central Plant Air
Conditioner offers
Flexibility plus easy installation

T R Y I N G to keep costs down on air conditioning 30" door. That means no knocking down of walls
jobs? Then you'll like the time-saving, space-sav- . . . no disassembling of sections into small pieces.
ing features of a General Elearic Central Plant A horizontal or vertical G-E Central Plant Air
Air Conditioner. Conditioner... for standing or suspended installa-
This compact, light-weight equipment can be tion . . . will give your client long-lasting, reliable
arranged in 12 different ways . . . for either hori- service at lower overall cost. Check with your
zontal or vertical discharge of air . . . motor and local G-E Air Conditioning specialist.
coil connections on either right or left side. General Electric Company, Air Conditioning De-
All basic sections will pass through a standard partment, Section A8136, Bloomfield, New Jersey.

GENERAL ^ ELECTRIC

7A The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 U'.089

How to deal
U -.2 5
HEAT
VAPOR
BARRIERS

with condensation.. MOISTURE

VAPOR

as
UNINSULATED INSULATED WITH
NO VAPOR BARRIER DOUBLE-THICK BALSAM-WOOL

the answers ! BUILT-UP ROOF

1" NU-WOOD ROOF
INSULATION
CONCRETE SLAB
AIR SPACE
A s an architect or builder, you know what STANDARD BALSAM
WOOL
condensation within walls or ceilings can do Vi" NU-WOOD TILE
ROOF SECTION
to any building structure. Balsam-Wool offers
an effective answer to such problems. Com-
pletely sealed in a moisture-proofed cover-
ing—with two or more vapor barriers —
Balsam-Wool provides maximum protection.
Complete details are available in Balsam-
Wool Application Data Sheets.

Use your B a l s a m - W o o l Data Sheets to

provide specific information on a wide vari-
ety of insulation application problems. These tlU illiiit '• ••• "fli:iii Ii»g(ii>iii>.

sheets are illustrated with authoritative

charts and diagrams such as are shown on
this page. If you do not have a complete set
of Data Sheets—contained in an A.I.A. file
folder—they are yours for the a s k i n g . Just
mail the coupon!

H A R D - T O - G E T DATA Y O U R S FOR THE A S K I N G

— 1
WOOD C O N V E R S I O N COMPANY
Dept. 147-68 First National Bank Building
St. Paul 1, Minnesota
Please send me a set of Balsam-Wool Application Data Sheets.

SEALED INSULATION Name. .

Address.
*HEO. U. 8. PAT. OFF.
City... .State.
B A L S A M - W O O L •Producfs of Weyer/ioeu$«r« N U - W O O D

_27
 Residence o f M r . a n d M r s . F r a n k W e i s s ,
Merinn, Ta. A r c h i t e c t : J . E t h a n Field- H e r e ' s everything you want in windows — from the slender
s t e i n . B u i l d e r : E. J . F r a n k e l C o m p a n y .
look that means more glass area for size of opening, to the
beautifully designed locking hardware and positive ventilation
control. Lupton Metal Windows are perfect for the small
modern home, as well as for the lovely suburban residence.
Even on a budget, there is no more satisfactory window.
Extended hinges permit cleaning glass from inside the room.
Air flow is controlled by roto-operators located at the sill.
Weather-tight, cannot shrink. Casements are held firmly at
any degree of opening and can be locked or released without
opening the screen. Metal frame screens and glass insulating
panels can be attached easily from inside the room. There is
a Lupton Metal Window for every t}'pe of building. Write for
our catalog or see it in Sweet's.

MICHAEL FLYNN MANUFACTURING CO.

700 East Godfrey Avenue, Philadelphia 24, Pcnna.
Member of the Metal Window Institute

METAL W I N D O W S
78 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948
 dded
selling power

coun •••

b a c k e d by

• A lon^ history of manufacturing

quality boilers.

• Engineering research and testing

facilities.

• Combination of skilled boiler crafts-

men and material.

THESE EACT-S give you easy installation and

(-<>in|>N-l«- cnsloinrr satisfaction by
THE NEW SPENCER .S|M-IH'«T"S Irunhle (rvv o p r r a l i o n . It's (lie SPENCER SERIES " C "
SERIES " 2 1 " know how that eonntsi Sin«'e 1888
Steel lieating jacketed boiler for
DesigriPtl to hum any type of fuel Spencer has nianni'art urcd tin- «jua!it> homes and smaller commercial build-
—easily and quickly converted. b<»il<'r — and has pion4-«-r«-d many out- ings. For mechanical or hand-firing
Year-round domestic service hot standing dcv«'lopni<'nls in ihv h<>atin<: —easily and quickly converted.
icater. A sectional Imiler designed Features include easy [Link]
iiuliistry. T h e S|>«-n«-rr litn- lo<lay im linlcs
with iron to iron air tight fit. for cleaning—precision ground
a series of steel tnhuiar l»oilers—second
Attractire. colorful jacket comlnned water cooled, flue and fire door
with modern design door assembly lo none in proven <h'siy;n, quality and frames. Available with year-round
that features pyrex observation ports- w o r k m a n s h i p . Thi're is a proven Sp«'n<-er domestic hot water heating method.
to meet your every healing' requirement.

IT'S A N O T H E R / f % ^ C O P R O D U C T i

WRITE TODAY-GET THE FACTS

•CO. U.S. [Link].

FULLY AFP«OVD t
SPEHEIl
Division - AVCO M A N U F A C T U R I N G
MHin
C O R P . , D E P T . A A - 3 , W I L L I A M S P O R T , PA.
FULLY APPROVED
Built in a c c o r d a n c e
with ASME Code
Insurance Inspected
 ARNOLD [Link], architect, announces the opening of his
office for general practice at the Orford Bldg.. 869 Main St.,
Manchester, Conn.
MILTON SHERMAN, A . I . A . . is now re-established in private
practice at 141 N. E. Thixd Ave., Miami 32, Fla.
^•advertised '^^^^^H VI i L L L \ M BRACKETT. JR., architect, announces the opening of
his office in the Technical Bldg., Asheville, N. C.
BKRNARI) MELNIKER & ASSOCIATES, engineers and industrial
and product designers, are now in practice with offices at
1 ^.'SIO W. Seventh St.. Los Angeles. Calif.

...means news CHANGES OF ADDRESS

of famous ABRAHAM WARONOFF. R.A.. announces that he has moved his

office to 1110 13th St., N.W., Washington. D. C.

products to THE SAN FRANCISCO HOUSING AUTHORITY has coordinated all

operations into its new building at 440 Turk St.

26,000,000
S( IIREIER. PATTERSON & WORLAND, architects, are now located
at 1420 K St., N. W., Washington 5. D. C.
S. Z. MosKowiTZ, A . I . A . , announces that his offices are moved
LIFE readers to ihe Deposit and Savings Bank Bldg.. Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
PAXTON, KRUECER & ASSOCIATES, INC, an industrial design
each week firm, are now in offices at 350 Fifth Ave., New York. N. Y.

DUE CREDIT
We regret that credit to Thorn & Jorge was omitted fmra our
write-up of the New York City showroom and offices for
A. D. Juillard & Co. (March FORUM, pp. 108-9). Thorn &
jorge were architects for the job.

You can't beat cork for staircases. You can t heat

cork for flooring, whether it's used in a residence, an office, a church,
a school, a public building of any kind. Cork is long-lasting, beauti-
ful, warm and quiet. It keeps its resilience for years and years. It's
c-asy to install on metal, concrete or wood, on old or
new construction. No other flooring is so easy to CORINCO / A6-48
maintain; a dry mop keeps it dusted. And these are CORK I N S U L A T I O N C O . , I N C , 155 EAST 4 4 r h ST., N E W YORK

G o n t l o m e n : Please m o i l me m o r e i n f o r m o t i o n a b o u t
just some of the reasons why progressive architects
• Cork T i l e F l o o r i n g D C o r k Stair Treads
and contractors recommend Corinco Cork Flooring
for many uses. Write our engineering office for speci- Nome-

fications, details and layouts. Streo!

Cify . -^one_ _ Sfcto_

CORK INSULATION C O . , INC.. 155 EAST 44lh STREET. NEW YORK 17. N.Y.

The Architectural F C R U M June 1948

 Built in ' 3 9 - R i g i d and Tight Today!

Story of
D O U G L A S FIR
PLYWOOD
Advantages

GENUINE
"Plyscord...
SHEATHING
a wise investment
in many w a y s . 55
THIS attractive Portland. Oregon, home contain.?
plenty of Dougla.s f i r plywood, but it's mostly
"behind the scenes" — in wall sheathing, in roof
//"«// sheathing—5/16" Plyscord. the shealhinu:
grade of Interior-type Douglas fir plywood. sheathing, in subflooring. Built on a hill-top lot
with sweeping view, the [Link] is subjected to
sweeping winds as well. Kenneth Striker, the orig-
inal owner, says: " I n spite of the wracking action
of the wind, the Plyscord .sheathing kept the struc-
ture so rigid that after four-and-a-half years there
were only four .small [ilaster craok.s. due to atmos-
pheric conditions rather than structure. When I
build again. Plyscord will be a 'must' in the spec-
ifications." The present owners, Mr. and Mrs. John
Dierdorff. who [Link] the house in 1944. .say
the house is still rigid and tight, and has required
an absolute minimum of maintenance. ."Vrchitert for
the house was Richard Sundeleaf: builder was
Panels of %" Plyscord sheathed, the roof, were Julius Zink.
covered with hand-split cedar .sA/Viir/cv.

PLYWOOD'S MANY ADVANTAGES KEEP DEMANDS GREATER THAN SUPPLY

Plywood production is gniater today than pre-war. But de-

mand is unprecedented. That's why Douglas fir plywood
may not always be readily available. Check your regular
source of supply for price and dehvery information. For
technical data, write the Douglas Fir Plywood .'Association.
Tacoma 2, Washington.

Douglas
Fir P L Y W O O D
LARGE, LIGHT, S T R O N G

Subflooring—%" Plyscord. "No squeak or no-

ticeable deflection," say the owners. Panels
81
 The Perfect Shower Combinatioii

Anystream
Shower Head

Sentinel /
Balanced Valve •
(CONCEALED OR EXPOSED)

Renovating old showers? Making new installa- changes i n water temperature due to "down-the-
tions? Then you'll want to investigate this new line" water stealing. The bather sets the tem-
Speakman combination . . . the last word i n perature where he likes i t . . . and the temperature
shower development. stays there! The Sentinel Valve's temperature
control is achieved without thermostats, rockers,
The Any stream Shower Head gives the bather the
or other gadgets likely to get out of order! I t ' s a l l
kind of shower he likes best. A flick of the lever
done w i t h a miraculous f-l-o-a-t-i-n-g Sentinel
and you have tingling needles or gentle Spring
piston t h a t automatically balances and compen-
rain . . . or anywhere in-between! I n addition to
sates for water pressure variations.
the adjustable spray, Anystream offers these ad-
ditional features: self-cleaning i n the flood spray The Anystream and Sentinel shower combination
position, Luater savings up to 58%, and ease of is ideal for any kind of shower installation . . .
installation. in homes, apartments, hotels, schools, institutions.
The Sentinel Balanced Pressure Shoiver Mixing Send f o r free literature describing these remark-
Valve ends the danger and annoyance of abrupt able shower fixtures.

s
"Established in 1869'

See Sweet's Architectural File

for a condensed catalog of P E A K M A N
Speakman Showers and Fixtures SHOWERS AND FIXTURES
[Link] [Link]. W I L M I N G T O N 99. D E L A W A R E

82 The Architectural F O R U M June 1 9 4 8

 Maintenance expenses ;iri' kcpl down ai Rock
IslamI Railroad's new Chicago shops by exten-
sive use of Insuhix Glass Block. Archilects-
llnjrjnccrs: [Link]. Calhcr S: Company.

i1

mm
liillllill

1 i]3
iiiiJlll
11

G l a s s B l o c k r e d u c e s m a i n t e n a n c e c o s t s : insuiux (;i;iss Block

is solving real problems for [Link] railroad men. Lighi-
transmitting panels of Insulux resist tlie ilestrnctive effects of smoke, soot,
and moisture. They require a m i n i m u m of maintenance. Real savings result.
Insulux is versatile. I t transmits light, insulates, and reduces transmission of
noise. Does not rot, rust or corrode. Eliminates the need of painting every GLASS BLOCK
two or three years.
AMERICAN STRUCTURAL PRODUCTS COMPANY
For technical data and installation details, consult GLASS sectif)n of Sweet's Subsidiary of
.Architectural Clatalog. or write Dept. E-17, American Structural Products OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS C O M P A N Y
Conipanv. P.O. Box 1035, Toledo 1, Ohio.

83
 what about
tomorrow's
children ?

W i l l they reach wisdom from the school you design today

W i l l the beauty you envision on its walls, the gleaming cleanliness

in every corner, the freshness of detail, be theirs?

Yes. if you design well — with enduring material.

Nothing is more enduring than Marble — nothing more beautiful.

Only the simplest attention is necessary to keep it clean.

Inform all 0)1 abottt Marble

and Marble Service
will be given promptly by the
Marble I nstit ute
MIA
Marble Institute's Managing Director
Romer Shawhan, R. A .
of America, inc.
New "Statiiiurd Spiiificalionj anj
Siii/e Dttaili for liitirior iWarblc"
108 FORSTER AVENUn, MOUNT VERNON. N.. V,
ill I'reparal/oii. Write for your copy.

34 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 AIRFLD

A. / the vital point of air delivery

you measure the real efficiency of an air con-
ditioning system. And, of course, the selec-
tion of air distribution equipment largely

AEROFUSE
determines performance.

Take our improved Aerofuse Multi-Louvre

Damper, for example. Balanced system as-
sured by minute adjustment of air volume
. . . convenient to regulate. Multi-Louvre
construction divides supply stream, gives
uniform distribution over entire outlet . . .
and with minimum turbulence in air stream,
quiet operation. In open position, damper
provides effective area greater than that of
corresponding size diffuser . . . closed, it
.issuics lompk-tc shui o f f [Link]'.
louvres can be positively locked in any posi-
tion . . . or, if desired, operator handle and
rod may be removed to maintain established
setting.

These are exclusive T & B designed-in fea-

tures. As a result, when you specify Aerofuse
ceiling diffusers—equipped with the Damper
—for installation at the distribution end of
air conditioning systems, you can be sure of
effective, efficient c o n t r o l . . . the proper
amount of supply air, delivered as you want a development of
it, where you want it, evenly distributed and
without drafts.

Rush me complete information on the Aenifus

NAME

COMPANY

ST. k NO. CITY ZONE STATE

NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT

85
 CECO H E L P S A M O N U M E H T O F M E R C Y BREATHE...

One of the truly important details in a hospital is ventilation, and

that, in a sense, is where Ceco helped beautiful Los Angeles County
Hospital to breathe. Ceco installed the metal frame screens which, of
course, provided a means of ventilation. This was done at a saving, too,
because Ceco screens cost less than ordinary screens—they are factory
finished, eliminating on-the-job painting, trimming and fitting. They are
easy to put up and take down—will not warp, shrink, twist or rot.
Other Ceco Products used in the Los Angeles County Hospital
were steel bars and welded wire fabric which provide a positive bond
and add strength in reinforced concrete construction.
METAL FRAME SCREENS
Standard types and styles for e v e r " CECO STiEL PRODUCTS CORPORATION
purpose—for wood or metal win- General O f f i c e s : 5701 W. 2 6 t h St., Chicago 50, lU.
dows. Wired with rosfproof, clear-
vision screen cloth. Offices, Bronchos and Fabricating
Plonti from Coo»t to Coast

/ncoastractionpro(/(/cts CECO ENGINEERING m^kesthei/^c//Were/?ce

8^ The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 194 8

 The Archifecturai
i a g o z i n e of Building

Ezra SluUi-r: Pictorial Service)

A REMODELED NEW YORK

LIMESTONE PROVIDES A

SHOWCASE SETTING FOR

PRODUCTS DISPLAY
 rEO go. aluminum
-clip anchors 2-0 o c .
present lool flashing
line
S'-3

—li ceiling

10-0

-1
i-4lh FLDOF? ;(pointed slieet steel
curtoin recess

i
ceiling
\ j finished ceiling
curtoin trocKs

V«' clip anchor 3 per .vindow

3d FLOOR

pivoled sash
clear gioss

fixed i r o n s -
lucenl glass finished wall line^
expended olum
2nd FLOOR con\iec'of cover

celling

limestone loss fit>er insulation

lilted cie puinteo

— gloss
Tieiol

tempered gloss exponsion )oint

door
hollow metal d r
L - Isl FLOOR
if^ stainless steel.

plote glass
P Ironsluceni glass
-%"oluminum stool
clip onchor

DEFT REMODELING Vi flat expanded

cbnvector aluminum

existing floor

t sales machine with a billboard front

( reates a compac
',panc]r<-'!
Real estate brokers with listings of uell-located old residential property w ill have more
than a casual interest in this skillful architectural exploitation of tlie big showca.«;e
[ ) 0 t e n t i a l of such buildings. The trend to remodel these old brownstones f o r use

as oflBce space may have been launched by shortage of space and present record
.square foot rates in commercial buildings, but it seems likely to be accelerated by
such imaginative solutions as this New York property by Skidmore. Owings &
Merrill. However, this extremely attractive job demonstrates, among other things, that
the Hrni attracted by the advertising value and display possibilities of a ''building nf
one's own" had better count on more than piece-raeal remodeling.
When Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. was unable to find larger quarters for its i £ g a _ o l u m i n u m plate!
flush witfi finished ceiling lint
New York .sales office, it bought a four-st(iry-and-mezzanine. brownstone front building
on E. 56th Street and called in S-O-M. The corporation [Link] for emphasis on display of
the multitude of F'iberglas products and for the incorporation of these acoustical, insu-
lating and decorative materials in the structure in as many new ways as possible. The
architects were given a remarkably free hand as to —
just how this was to be done.
4th FL
Fiberglas ofRcials expressed a general satisfac- I4 ga aluminum

tion with the existing facade (cut above) and an

steei nor
understandable reluctance to undertake the expense WELL

of a new one. But Gordon Bunshaft, S-O-M's partner 2nd 1-L

in charge of design, argued from the start for aluminum cover

mezzanine L
a new front which would open up the first floor dis St FLOOR
channel framing— l^o
plav area and dramatize the character of the build- side | ^ BASEMEN! fluorescent tube \ 111

ing. When the need to strengthen bearing walls, to || . SUB-BASElvtENT oluminum "egg-crate
0 3 6 9 12 inches
shore up floors and make other structural improve- . •
"J
ments became apparent, Fiberglas agreed with the architects' proposal to rip out the
mezzanine above the old display window and replace the whole front. The original asphalt tile floor

stair tower was retained and a self-service elevator added.

The architects alloted the first story and a half to display space, with direct access dotted lines in e a c h of above
details indicote ports conveclor
r e m o v e d from moster die
from the street. Headquarters of the textile division were centralized on the hasemi'iit Berglos insulation
level. The long narrow shape of the brownstone, with w indows only at front and back, stoiniess steel

turned out to be rather well-adapted to the requirements of the sales departments.

These were laid out on the second and third floor.s with a single file of desks and ZZ3 exponsion
dewalk
jomi

individual ofiices in front. The president's office was assigned to the top floor, with a
I—2'/4 •
large conference room at the rear.
MASTER DIE

Tk- Ar.k;+.rtur*l F O R U M June 1948

 Esra Stoller: Pictorial Servicf

iNEW FRONT, of glass, aluminum, limestone, yields

SERVICE two-story. 18 ft. display window. Stairs under cover
give easy access from street to display floor. Separate
service door at left leads directly to fireproofed stair
tower, and is skillfully incorporated in entrance treat-
ment. Whole effect is quiet, impressive.
DISPLAY
metal floor grille

89
 UPPER FLOORS provide

fluorescent light fixtures^ 3 ' - O " o.c.

ocousticai boord-j

SALES OKFKIE <>n third floor shows incorporation

of lifihtinp in acoiislirai cfihnn. a device worki'd oiii
in varyiiifi forms and nialcrials on a l l floors. Here
Fihersla.s acoustical board is laid on ai'oiind linht
troufihs. Reception area, visible beyond first desk, is
just opjiosilc elevator, and is done in bri};hl-coloi"ed
Fiberfilas fabrics, conlrastin-i with the hliii>h
predoniinatin<!i as backfiroiind colors on all floors.
Kxi)anded aliiniiniim sheets. 3 ft. wide, arc stafde-
tacked as wall fai'injj, and hacked hy a stiff, parchment-
like Fiherjilas mat. Back of the mat. 3 in. thick Fiber-
glas balls are laid on as insulation, held liy Fiherjilas
c«»rd. .Si^iiis on each floor point out all piodiK l> u-ed.

PRESIDENT'S OFFICE on top floor shows a num-

ber of Fiberglas curtain and iiplndstery fabrics, all
dr-l^ii.'d | j \ [Link] Marianne Slicniirll. ^.-Ildw.
wall-si/ed curtain at left of desk is one of them. In
these textiles, noninflammable Fiberglas is combined
with cotton, asbestos and mohair yarns. A bedroom and
bath adjoins the president's office, and the big confer-
ence room shown below takes up the rest td the floor.

CONFKRENCE ROOM occupies the r.-ar n\' llic

top floor. Its decorative acoustical ceiling is made <d
Fiberglas swirl mat. cemented to Fiberglas acoustical
board. The folding doors used to divide the conference
area into two smaller rooms are made of a gray, resin-
coated Fiberglas fabric, and Fiberglas curtains in this
room are gray, white and silver. Wall in backjiidiind
of picture is natural-finish red birch. Small conference
rooms are also provided in rear of sales floors.
laboratory proving-ground for manufacturer's products

p e r f o r o t e d o l u m i n u m sheet gloss fiber matt

ELEVATION
Z X4 Studs 18 o.c L g i a s s fiber b o l t - brick woll

w / m / / / / / / / / .

PLAN
gloss fiber moti

p e r f o r o t e d oluminum sheet

W A L L S of hiifie wart inn:- bonilier plants were finished,

fur purely functinnal reasutis. willi insulating Fiberglat^
mat and wool behind painted metal lath. In this
building, this functional wall treatment is successfully
expliiited for decorative value and the metal lath
beccmu's matched sheets of perforated aluminum.

l-honger two sheets of / b "

gloss with translucent
gloss fiber rrxit between

edges toped
/

extruded olummum
'is and woll J s DISPLAY AREA on street floor has a luminous
f o r m i n g 24" squores woH line
ceiling made of a plasticized Fiberglas mat sandwiched
between two sheets of glass. This is hung from a sus-
pended metal grid. The mat was originally developed
as a lampshade material. The firm thinks that plastic
laminators will eventually supply a product which can
replace this sandwich construction.

CONSTRUCTION O U T L I N E : E x t e r i o r walls — b r i c k ;
Inside—wood f u r r i n g , plaster or special Fiberglas, Owens-
Corning Fiberglas Corp. ROOFING—built-up t a r and f e l t ,
Lewis &. McDowell. S H E E T M E T A L W O R K : Flashing—
Fiberglas, Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. Gutters—cop-
per. Ducts—galvanized steel. I N S U L A T I O N — F i b e r g l a s ,
Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. W I N D O W S : Sash ( f r o n t )
—alurninum. Trio Industries; (rear)—steel, S. H . Pomeroy
Co. STAIRS (fire)—steel, Fassler Iron W o r k s . Elevators
—Mnrcato Elevator Co. FLOOR COVERINGS—asphalt
tile, H . M . Crossom. FURN 1SH INGS—Knoll Associates.
Inc., Nessen Studios, W . J. Sloane, Ivel Construction Corp.,
Jens Risorn, Apeda Studios. P A I N T S — K o n o v e r Painting
Co. E L E C T R I C A L I N S T A L L A T I O N : Wiring—steel con-
duit. Switches—toggle. Fixtures—fluorescent and incan-
descent. P L U M B I N G : Soil pipes—cast iron. Waste and
vent pipes—galvanized steel. Water closet connections—
lead. Water pipes—brass. HEATING—steam system.
AIR C O N D I T I O N I N G — Chrysler Corp. Grilles — Mayer
Si Refrigerator Co. REGULATORS—Minneapolis-Honeywell
Regulator Co. Filters—Fiberglas, Owens-Corning Fiber-
glas Corp.

91
 POSTWAR CO-OP'S
Unlike their predecessors in the g i l d e d T w e n t i e s , t o d a y ' s cooperative a p a r t m e n t houses a r e b a s e d

on s o u n d f i n a n c i n g , good d e s i g n a n d special attention to the details of comfortable living.

The cooperative apartment, fair-haired real estate child of the was enough of this type of operation and of newspaper publicity
Twenties and white elephant of the Thirties, is again riding the on i t to give the phrase "co-op apartment" a tinny ring to the
top-of-the-market in Manhattan residential building. Since the ear of the average citizen.
war, private money (except for Metropolitan's gigantic invest- However, most of the current reconversion ventures as well
ment in Stuyvesant Town) has shown little interest in medium- as the new luxury cooperatives are not fly-by-night ventures.
priced rental housing. The luxury apartment house is its cur- They stand on a much firmer financial base than the Klondike
rent lodestone and of the eleven completed or under construction co-ops of the Twenties, I n addition, tax revisions and lease
since the war, eight have turned out to be co-ops. changes have provided new attractions for tenant-buyers. Under
The reasons are not hard to find. In a period of dwelling new income tax regulations, co-op owners are allowed to deduct
shortage and rising prices, the co-op (at least in the larger cities) their share of the building's mortgage interest and real estate
looks like the answer to a builder's prayer. It eliminates the taxes from gross income. Since these charges normally amount
necessity of high rents, based on inflated costs and continued over to between one-third and one-half of the yearly maintenance
many years, come good times or bad. It encourages high quality fee, this represents a real saving for highly surtaxed tenant-
construction when most builders are cutting every possible owners. Under several new plans, the builder has also under-
corner. To the tenant buyer it often represents the only method taken to protect owners from increased maintenance charges
of securing desirable living quarters in a market short of rental caused by inflation or tenant default. This is accomplished
apartments. The decision to turn co-op was made by many with a guaranteed trust fund set aside for emergency purposes.
New York builders under the late OPA, when ofllicial rent esti- Co-op lease changes are equally important. During the Twenties,
mates could not be squared with rising costs. Since the demise most owners were tied to their building with 99-year, no escape-
of price control they have stuck to the idea as a means of side- clause leases. The only out was to sell. I n the depression when
stepping embarrassingly stiff rents. no takers could be found, the millstone quality of a co-op could
The co-op first came into fashion after World War I during hardly be overstated. Today, most co-ops are set up with
a period of inflation and shortage similar to the present. The relatively short-term leases and frequent escape clause renewals.
early ones were well-financed, but the trend soon developed gold I f a tenant defaults on his payments and cannot find a buyer,
rush proportions. Inflated building on inflated land was topped he turns his stock over to the tenant organization. He loses his
off by dubious mortgage financing. The luxury co-op became investment, but not his shirt.
a speculative operation, not only for builders, but for buyers Whether these co-ops will follow the same cycle of boom
who saw a chance for quick turnover and thus quick profits and bust that their forerunners in the Twenties went through is
on a relatively small investment, like buying stock on margin. still anybody's guess. Admittedly they are being built at infla-
When last heard of before the crash one such single apartment tionary cost. With the luxury builders still enjoying a seller's
was selling for $450,000 with a whopping yearly maintenance market, there is as yet no speculative turnover. The once-burned,
charge of $22,000. twice-shy philosophy of both banks and builders should effec-
Even before the market collapsed, the co-ops were getting tively brake any such tendencies. At present the success of the
into financial difiBculties because of tenant default on operating co-ops is being measured in terms of the housing shortage, and
expenses, taxes and mortgage charges. The remaining tenants as long as it lasts vacancy risks are small. I f and when the short-
then had to assume the defaulted load—a process which snow- age eases, the co-ops—like any current building venture—will
balled into foreclosure. By 1934, over 75 per cent of the co-ops stand or f a l l on the intrinsic merits of their financing plans plus
in both Chicago and New York had gone under. the value which they offer to demanding tenants.
Not until the middle of World War I I did they show signs
of reviving. "Re-co-oping" of the old apartments began as a
means of wriggling out from under wartime rent ceilings. It
gained momentum after VJ day as maintenance costs climbed Seidman Photo Service
while ceilings remained fixed. Most of the sales were made at
less than the original cost of the building and at much less than
their reproduction value. The scheme appealed to tenants
because of the housing shortage and the fear of inflated rents
once controls were dropped. However, in some cases it was a CO-OP at Madison
matter of quick and easy blackmail. One apartment house Avenue and 74th St.
on Chicago's Gold Coast was bought by a promoter for 3280,000, built by Sam M i n -
skoff dL Sons also
sold back to its desperate tenants for a neat $430,000. There
goes in f o r balco-
nies and lots of
glass. There are 100
" C A R N E G I E H I L L " CO-OP, built by City Investing Com- suites In the 15-
pany at 15 E. 91st St. boasts large windows and private story and penthouse
building. A l l apart-
balconies. Because of a small plot, the building occupies
ments have already
every foot of its zoning envelope.
been sold.

93
 Fifteen East 91st Street is a typical p o s t w a r co-op a p a r t m e n t , b a s e d on a n u n i q u e

The conventional co-op has always been a speculative venture

for the builder. He takes his profit from equity down payments LEONARD SCHULTZE & ASSOCIATES, Architects
made by the tenants, turns the mortgage over to a bank and is
CITY CONSTRUCTION CO., Builders
quickly out of the financial picture. This apartment house at
15 E. 91st St. is unusual because i t is a co-op built as an invest- EDWARDS & HJORTH, Structural Engineers
ment property—traditionally a contradiction in terms. Robert
ALBERT FENTZLAFF, INC., Mechanical Engineers
W. Dowling, President of City Investing Co. is responsible for
this new twist which is typical of his unorthodox methods of SLOCUM & FULLER, Heating Engineers

operating. Instead of selling out the entire mortgage to another RICHARD CRIHALL RADIANT HEATING CO., Heating Advisors
outfit, he has taken his profit as a builder and i n addition
retained half of the $2,500,000 mortgage, thus gaining an excel-
lent property f o r his investment company. He also intends this
as a guarantee of good faith to tenant-buyers. With Dowling
backing his own speculation it could hardly be less than a
sound proposition.
City Investing Co.'s subsidiary will retain half the mortgage
until July, 1949, when the indebtedness will be refinanced and
the mortgage extended to October, 1962. Until 1957 the
Dowling organization will retain an interest of at least $500,000,
provided that the building remains a co-op and the mortgage is
not paid off. I n addition the company offers a five-year guar-
antee to absorb any rise in maintenance costs beyond 10 per
cent and a ten-year guarantee of responsibility for defaulting
owners.
Another aspect of the Dowling finance scheme is the low DESIGN OF THE APARTMENT was set by
very obvious considerations, as is the
down payment required of tenants. Instead of the usual 50 per
design of most of the apartments being
cent equity, 50 per cent mortgage, he asks f o r only an 11 per built today . . . a feeling of substantial
cent equity, 89 per cent of the sales price going into mortgage. style was one of these considerations.
Competitors argue that the small equity payment makes the Another, obviously, was the book of
building's carrying charges abnormally high, a dangerous situa- zoning regulations which were the gov-
erning f a c t o r in deciding where set-
tion in case of depression. For instance, a conventional co-op
bacl<s should occur. Yet another and
(see chart below) built by Percy and Harold Uris at 880 Fifth necessarily the most important, were
Ave. charges $15,200 equity f o r a four-room apartment with cost and r e t u r n sheets, which dictated
carrying charges of $160 per month. Dowling's four-room in the sternest of symbols, currency,
apartment, requires only $3,450 down payment, but has a larger Just how many apartments must be
included, and w h a t type of apartments
carrying charge of $264 per month. I n defense of his plan,
could be sold f o r prices which would
Dowling explains that low equity makes purchase easier during J u s t i f y the entire operation economi-
inflation and that deduction of high maintenance charges from cally. Schematic floor plans, right,
income tax gives his tenant an actual money advantage. By the show how the correct number of apart-
ments of each size were f i t t e d together
end of ten years he will have as much equity i n the apartment
w i t h i n the zoning envelope, f r o m doc-
as did the Uris purchaser with his original down payment. tor's suites on f i r s t floor to set-back
Despite both the housing shortage and Dowling's favorable pent houses at top. I f ceilings had been
3 In. higher, say designers, one entire
tenant policy, twelve of his 41 apartments remained unsold last
floor would have been sacrificed.
May. Managing agents of the co-op explain this as a result of
their extremely selective tenant policy plus the fact that they
started renting out of season. Competitors suggest that tenants
shy away from the overly-elaborate financing scheme. A t any
rate, other Manhattan luxury co-ops were selling fast this spring
under orthodox financing.

COMPARATIVE PAYMENT SCHEDULES SHOW HOW BUILDER SHARES INVESTMENT WITH TENANT

APARTMENT AT 880 FIFTH AVENUE, four rooms, two

APARTMENT AT 15 EAST 91ST STREET, four rooms, one-
and-a-half baths and porch. baths.

Cash purchase price over mortgage indebiedness.$15,200.00

Cash purchase price over mortgage indebtedness. $3,450.00
Share of annual operating expenses and
Share of annual operating expenses and
surplus $ 585.24 surplus $554.40
Share of annual real estate taxes and
Share of annual real estate taxes and
m f g . interest 924.00 1,478.40
m t ' g . interest 1,648.00 2,233.24
Share of annual amortization payment 430.00
Share of annual amortization payment 929.27
Total of all annual charges $1,908.40
T o t a l of all annual charges $3,162.51

94 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

financial pattern

A NEIGHBORHOOD IS RESHAPED
WITH IMAGINATION AND MONEY

The City Investing Co., says headniuii

Robert W. Cowling, is a manufacturer of
real estate values. This largest U . S. com-
pany dealing exclusively in real estate—one
of the few real estate outfits listed on the
big board at the N. Y . stock exchange—
has a big approach to the neighborhood
problem in building. Dowling and his men
do not search for suitable sites in already
posh neighborhoods where they can bring
up their towering stacks of luxury apart-
ments in the ripht comi)any—the usual
really technique. What City Investing looks
for are slightly run down districts which
they can take over and "rescue" profitably.
Their aim is to build and refurbish in a big
enough way to create, or recreate land val-
ues, and they have been singularly success-
ful in this section of New York City,
New York is a town [Link] development
has never slowed down sulhciently to stabil-
ize many real estate sections. Just as social
classes and economic classi-s have shifted,
so has the "tone" of neighborhoods. People
always were expecting to earn enough next
decade to move to a better section with
better people—and often they have done
that, and so have their neighbors. The cul-
tural leveling brought by great equalization
of educational opportunities has also done
much to keep many groups of immigrants-
into-the-middle-class on the move from one
section to another.
But up to now. New York builders have
not rebuilt sections systematically. They
have not realized the short commercial life
of dwellings in New York City, although the
swift death of commercial structures has
been better comprehended. Investors like
Dowling, however, are now beginning to
look for "soft" sections of Manhattan
Island to develop into costly residential
projects.
Fifteen East 91st Street is a prime exam-
ple of this policy. It is one of two co-op
apartments built in a certain "neighbor-
hood" on Manhattan's Upper East Side
which has been marked out for major invest-
ment by City Investing. The neighborhond.
(boimded by 86th and 96th Street, between
Park and Fifth) had long been in the pro-
cess of settled mediocrity, with the excep-
tion of the large luxury apartments on Park
Avenue and 86th Street. Along the other
streets were brownstone houses, apartment
houses of tum-of-the-century vintage. To
the north, near %th Street, the area de-
clined into the forlorn type of dwelling that
only once-flossy apartments can make.
This was the section selected by Dowling
for development. Leaving the tonier blocks
alone, he began buying properties along
Madison Avenue, which divides the district
in half. He then proceeded to plan three
new luxury apartment buildings for the
area, two on Madison Avenue and one on a
side street between Madison and Fifth. The
DOCTORS servfc^ two buildings on Madison were built—15
East 91st Street and 47 East 87th Street,
which is similar to 15 East 9l8t Street.
BOILER RM. LAUNDRY (Continued on page 97)

TORAGE
 Luxury survives the o n s l a u g h t of high b u i l d i n g costs: the a p a r t m e n t s h a v e f e w e r

The essentials f o r luxury in postwar New York apartments

remain the same as prewar demands: impressive size and space,
location, and facilities. But luxury is much more expensive to
create now, so a new cooperative apartment building must have
something distinctively postwar to justify its added cost to the
buyer, compared with prewar-built facilities. Size cannot be
increased; present prohibitive costs reduce size. But space can
be used better; planning can concentrate some services with
gain to other areas; and favorable location is important.
The biggest improvement, however, to entice the attention
of prospective apartment buyers is in facilities. This apartment
building incorporates all the most forward developments in
apartment facilities. The builders can point with uncontested
pride to a set of advances including radiant heating, divided
bathrooms, master television antenna, individual deep-freeze
lockers, power circuits for individual air conditioning equip-
ment, and the most modem of kitchen equipment. I t is these
refinements which often impress the prospective buyer most,
and make 15 East 91st Street very impressive indeed.
The building is divided into a series of two-floor and one-floor
apartments—duplexes and simplexes in the argot of the rental
agent. The largest (except f o r a special penthouse) has three
big bedrooms-with-bath. a dining room, living room, kitchen, PORCH ADJOINS LIVING ROOM, C A N BE G L A Z E D IN WINTER
pantry, and two maid's rooms, besides a large porch off the
living room. Another seemingly very necessary part of these
luxurious apartments is a roomy foyer. This touch of formality
is an obvious waste of space physically—but not, it seems,
economically. The porches i n this building are not merely
shallow, decorative rent raisers, but are big enough (11 x 10 ft.
and 12 X 8 ft.) f o r furniture, and can be glassed-in during cold
weather. Planning of some apartments is rather stiff, especially
at the pair of entrances, but in tall apartments zoning and vertical
service requirements always raise serious planning problems.

dressing

LEVEL

dress-

LIVING RM,

DINING RM

UPRER LEVEL

FOYER

DitviNO
DINING Rfwt.

dressing
:lr..:,-|,iC

I " •l'^'^''
LIVING RIVI

tSL Th« A r . h ; w . . r / . l P Q R U M June I 948

spacious rooms, but a n u m b e r of c o m p e n s a t i n g p o s t w a r features

NEIGHBORHOOD (Cont'd.)
Dowling christened the new neighborhood
"Carnegie Hill"—reasons: the area is high;
the empty Andrew Carnegie mansion on

Fifth Avenue is included; a name is valua-

ble. The next move was to set up a "Car-
negie Hill Association," and invite property
owners and tradespeople to join up for their
own interests—part of the clever public
relations program of City Investing. Through
the Association, Dowling has campaigned
for planting trees along Madison Avenue
LIVING ROOMS S T I L L ARE LARGE, BUT NOT IN GRAND MANNER (a successful operation) and has also braced
the Department of Sanitation and other city
departments to improve the services in the
area. The "Carnegie Hill Association," set
up in a storefront ofiBce, keeps a vigilant
look-out for disturbing elements in the area,
and pursuades store owners to spruce up
their fronts in keeping with the new quality
in the neighborhood. A typical Dowling
manuever took place during the course of
construction of 15 East 91st Street when he
noticed that the yards of some of the struc-
tures whose rears faced the new building
were cluttered and unkempt. Individual
agreements were made with these people
to clean up their yards and porches. Paint.

picket fences and shrubs were soon very

much in evidence.
When the development of this neighbor-
hood has been completed—and the proper
tone struck, the value of City Investing's
original investment in land will have
increased greatly. Every tree planted on
that block is expected to bear financial fruit.
This creation of new neighborhood values
in an old section on the island of Man-
hattan is considered a shrewd commercial
endorsement of some principles of city plan-
ning by experts in that 6eld—constructive
use of money, physically and economically.

Esra Stoller:
OX
 A p a r t m e n t buyers find the carefully selected e q u i p m e n t , a d v a n c e d i d e a s ,

Typical of the guardedly luxurious spirit of this apartment

house are the wide corridors pictured on the right. There are
no murals on the walls picturing the Dreamy Isles or hunters
clad in pointed shoes, no throne chairs, no tapestries or other
paraphernalia which—for reasons which have been suspect
since the early days of Thorsten Veblen—clutter so many apart-
ment house corridors and lobbies throughout the country. Also
typical are the up-to-the-minute self-leveling elevators which
serve each floor. These are operated by attendants, in the normal
scheme of things, but may be sell-operated by the tenant-owners
without further adjustment should there be labor trouble or
should there ever be a necessity to elTect economies in the staffing
of the cooperative venture.
Each apartment features a divided bathroom, serving the
master bedroom. One half contains recessed bath and wash
basin; the other a water closet and a second wash basin—earn-
ing the designation powder room. Some departure from the
usual clinical approach to bathroom decoration was made here;
tiles are used on the wall only i n such watery regions as above
tubs, and in showers. Through the rest of the bathrooms, wall
areas above the tile base are covered in patterned wallpaper of
a new type finished with washable plastic. Kitchens are
arranged and [Link] conventionally, with the latest mode!
equipment lined up in an economical fashion. In the basement
of the apartment house are a set of individual deep freeze
lockers for the residents, and also a communal laundry room,
with tubs, ironing boards, and automatic washers and dryers.

Joe Cavello-Black Star Adolph Studly

kitchen

dressing

pa

SPLIT BATHROOM, V I E W E D
FROM DRESSING ROOM:
ONE HAS B A T H A N D BASIN;
KITCHENS HAVE LINEUP
O T H E R H A S W A T E R CLOSET
OP T H E L A T E S T MODEL
A N D A SECOND B A S I N .
FACILITIES AND FIX-
TURES: AT [Link]-
T R Y IS I N C L U D E D IN T H E
PLAN.
a n d s o u n d construction the most attractive features of the building

CONSTRUCTION OUTLINE has plenty of tips for apartment house manage-

ments who want to reduce maintenance and Increase tenant satisfaction

S T R U C T U R E : E x t e r i o r walls—8 In. cin- doors—Herculite glass w i t h stainless steel

der block backing and 4 i n . black speckled channel top and bottom, P i t t s b u r g h Plate
#985 clay coated face brick, Hanley Co.; Glass Co.
inside—furring, metal lath and plaster f i n -
ish. A t sidewalk level light gray granite H A R D W A R E : b u t t s and hinges—steel
base course. John Swenson Granite Co., 8 w i t h prime coat f o r p a i n t i n g . Locks (ser-
EXTERIOR W A L L
cut finish w i t h brick backing. Belt courses, vant's rooms)—bit key type, individually
sills and copings—Indiana limestone. I n - keyed and subject to a master key; (bed-
terior partitions (apartments)—2 i n . solid rooms, inside rooms, etc.)—controlled by
piaster, channel f u r r i n g , metal l a t h ; 5 In. a turnpiece f r o m inside and an emergency
WV/mm B. McClurg soundproofing partitions between apart- key f r o m outside. Door knobs—aluminum
ments of s t r u c t u r a l hollow clay block; tor metal w i t h anodized finish or w r o u g h t
elevator shafts and stairs gypsum and bronze metal w i t h dull chrome finish. A l l
terra cotta block partitions. Columns— other hardware has a satin chrome finish.
steel, Bethlehem Steel Co., encased In Manufacturers—Yale & Towne M f g . Co.
4 i n . common b r i c k . Floors—Ceco steel and H . S. Getty Co.
floor Joists f o r long span archs, Ceco Steel
Products Corp., reinforced Gritcrete floor P A I N T I N G : U t i l i t y rooms—2-coat enamel
slabs, Aerocrete Corp. f o r long span con- or 2-coats of lead and oil paint. Stairhalls
struction containing shallow open web —1-coat size, 3-coats of lead and oil paint.
Ceco steel trusses w i t h reinforcing bars Public halls—3-coats lead and o i l . Ele-
threaded through and parallel to the short vator shafts and exposed terra cotta
span. Also Gritcrete arches f o r short span blocks—2 coats cement paint. A p a r t m e n t s
construction. Ceilings—plaster, 3-coat. —1 prime coat and 2 additional coats of
lead and oil paint based on tenant selec-
ROOFING—(penthouse, t a n k and f a n tion. Cement fioors—2-coats cement paint.
room) 10-yr. bonded composition, Koppers Interior and exterior metal work—3 coats
Co.; ( f l a t roofs, setbacks, porches) — lead and oil.
promenade t i l e , Ludowici-Celadon Co.
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION: Wlr-
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION SHEET M E T A L WORK: Flashing— ing (lighting)—3-phase, 60 cycle, 120/208
16 oz. copper. Ducts—galvanized Iron. V. 4-wIre A.C. Power—3-phase, 60 cycle,
208 v., 3-wire A.C. AM local switches have
I N S U L A T I O N — 5 i n . partitions—2 In. composition or Bakelite bodies of the
solid plaster, doubled w i t h 1 i n . Sheetrock, tumbler type, single pole, 3 and 4-way,
U. S. Gypsum Co., between partitions, rated at 10 amperes, 125 v. The switches
ceilings, floor slab and boiler room insula- are aranged in gangs, tandem or combi-
tion. The Celotex Corp. and Johns-Man- nations. Lock switches and pilot switches
ville Co. where required. F i x t u r e s — L i g h t o l i e r Co.
Washing m a c h i n e s — L a u n d e r a l l , F . L .
W I N D O W S : Sash — casement, a l u m l -
Jacobs Co. Driers—General Electric Co.
num, A l b e r t Storms & Co. Glass—'/^ In.
Special A . M . , F . M . and television outlet
polished plate, Libbey-Owens-Ford Glass In each apartment. Special power outlet
Co.
in each apartment f o r convenient installa-
tion by tenant-owner of an air condition-
STAIRS (Are)—reinforced concrete, 3 f t .
ing unit.
8 i n . ; scissor type risers 7% i n . , treads B'/a
i n . Interior stairs—oak.
BATHROOM F I X T U R E S — American
E L E V A T O R S — two push-button oper- Radiator-Standard Sanitary Corp. B a t h -
ated, solid wood cabs, self-leveling devices, tub enclosures and shower stalls—G. M .
Otis Elevator Co. Ketcham M f g . Co. P I P E S : Soil, branch
wastes and vents—standard weight gal-
FLOOR C O V E R I N G S : Vestibule and
vanized w r o u g h t iron. W a t e r closet con-
elevator lobby—terrazzo. Main rooms—
nections—drawn lead pipe, " D " weight.
oak flooring. Public halls, kitchens, etc.—
Kentile, David E. Kennedy Co. Corridors K I T C H E N E Q U I P M E N T : Cabinets —
and servant's rooms — linoleum, Congo- The Kitchen Maid Corp. Ranges—Vulcan
i e u m - N a i r n , Inc. gas. Standard Gas Equipment Corp. Re-
frigerators—General Electric Co.
W A L L COVERINGS—wallpaper. N o r t h
American Wall Paper Co. H E A T I N G — radiant heating system.
Boiler—Titusville Iron W o r k s . Oil burner
WOOD A N D M E T A L T R I M : Sills,
—Combustion D i v . , Todd Shipyards Corp.
porch railings, parapets, door t r i m , etc.—
Regulator—Minneapolis-Honeywell Regu-
white metal. Handrailings, exterior door
lator Co. W a t e r heater—Patterson-Kelly
jambs, etc.—stainless steel. Shelving—
Co. Pumps f o r radiant heating system—
white wood. Mantels—birch and w h i t e
Gardner-Denver.
oak. Doors—flush panel, 1% I n . or 1% In.
birch f o r interiors; copper covered Kala- S P E C I A L E Q U I P M E N T : Outlet f o r
PARTY PARTITION mein or hollow metal f o r u t i l i t y rooms and amplified A . M . , F . M . and television con-
corridors. Porches and terrace doors case- nected w i t h I n t r a - V i d e o master antenna
ment type a l u m i n u m . Main entrance system. Incinerator—Kernator Co.
All the rooms c a n b e h e a t e d to i n d i v i d u a l temperatures In this split circuit r a d i a n t installation

RETURN For those very Important people, the

for both systems apartment owners, heatino at 15 E . 9l8t
I I. I ' . i^PNEUMATIC VALVE Street starts and ends w i t h a thermostat
on the wall of every m a j o r room. The
thermostat controls the temperature of
Just that one room, which may be w a r m
CEILING PANEL
ING PANEL : CEILINI
CEILING
-B* ^ ' f ' •/•A* or cool, as the occupant decides. Buyer-
wise City Investing realized the vast
appeal of such individual room controls;
its Installation of the biggest multiple
RETURN
-Q THERMOSTAT for both systems dwelling panel radiant heating system in
to ceiling ponel a
(individuol 10 ceiling Donei'B' SUPPLY t the U . S. is designed to w a r m and s a t i s f y .
room control) All apartments are heated by l o w - t e m -
to ceiling ponel
•REGULATORY TEES 'A'T perature ceiling radiation f r o m pipe coils
{accessible from room
in two separate sets of panels, one tor
normal heating and the other f o r extra
WITH OUTSIDE TEMPERATURES 35'*Fto65''F heat in very cold weather, w i t h some extra
ONLY CIRCUIT "A- WORKS
SUPPLY SoeuTiaiic voive wall and floor panels.
"•A 3oone The system operates w i t h two principles
WATER IN CIRCUIT 'A* IS 80* SUPPLY A'Donei SUPPLY
WHEN OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE IS 65* in supplying hot w a t e r through the two
WATER TEMR INCREASES TO 110* c i r c u i t s : one principle has to do w i t h the
I AS OUTSIDE TEMP DROPS TO 35* amount of heated water which Is sent
ihrough the pipes, " f l o w . " The other is
RETURN concerned w i t h the temperature of that
111 fpij b(^t^ systems
PNEUMATIC VALVE water, " m o d u l a t i o n . " In t h i s finely figured
system, both modulation and flow are
variable, depending upon a set of three
JPPLY
B'oone controls. T h e f i r s t is the individual ther-
: CEILING PANEL jlCEILING PANEL "B Dane' R E T ' J h N
RETURN
mostat, which sets the occupant's demand
'A
for a certain amount of radiation f r o m the
ceiling of any one room. The second con-
t r o l has to do w i t h the method w i t h which
t h a t demand f o r heat is met—in w h a t
-n THERMOSTAT combination of " m o d u l a t i o n " and " f l o w "
RISERS ARE PLACED BETWEEN
the heat is transported to the radiant
SETS OF PARALLEL PANELS,
panels of the room. This second control
WHICH SHARE RETURNS. is an exterior thermostat which decides
automatically—according to the severity
of the weather outside—whether both C i r -
WITH OUTSIDE TEMPERATURES 3 5 ' F or LESS r ?
c u i t " A " and C i r c u i t " B " of the panel
pf^_Y
PL BOTH CIRCUITS Aond'S" WORK
D I A G R A M B E L O W SHOWS D I S T R I - system should be heated, and having
\
decided t h a t , w h a t temperature water
-WATER IN CIRCUIT V IS Il0» B U T I O N OP " A " A N D " B " P A N E L S .
shall be sent t h r o u g h one or both c i r c u i t s .
-WATER IN CIRCUIT "B" IS 80'
RISES TO 100* AS OUTSIDE TEMP DROPS TO 0*F When the water has reached the room
panel, the thermostat there swings into
action a d m i t t i n g Just the right amount of
water to meet the exact temperature
demanded—through use of air-operated
valves on the intake.

A - PANELS The temperature of the heating water

is modulated in s t i l l another w a y , t h r o u g h
B - PANELS a system of zoning. Roof thermostats, one
on the north side and one on the south
side, are connected d i r e c t l y to the boiler
room in the basement where they control
separate mixing valves which regulate the
amount of heat which w i l l be sent to the
w a r m and cold sides of the building. In
general the aim is to provide Just enough
heat so t h a t residents w i l l be able to w a r m
their rooms to a somewhat higher t e m -
perature than normal, anywhere in the
building, should they wish to.

The ceiling pipe coils are etTibedded

w i t h i n 1 i n . of the underside of the
5 i n . floor slab, or are suspended in hung
ceilings. Bathroom floors are warmed by
coils under the tiles f o r f o o t c o m f o r t . Some
exposed rooms near the top of the building
have additional wall coils under windows
w h i c h are big heat losers; these w a l l
panels are f e d f r o m the " B " c i r c u i t . The
designers expect floor to ceiling tempera-
t u r e d i f f e r e n t i a l throughout the building
to be only about 2 degrees.

100 Architectural F O R U M Jun« 1948

 if?

r/ONTEVIOEO.

I here are said to be more ar^hifects in Uruejiay, per capita, than in any other
country in the world. Several b f n e r presi^iil? have been architects or engineers.
M one time, the majority of A n cabinet^nisters were architects, and at all
•ontevideo's up-to-dofe central business drstrict
times a large percentage of keyl goi'ernmeBt posts have been held by architects.
One reason underlying this anonjalT is, ppTiaps, Uruguay's high level of develop-
ment. Although shifting interWWio laj coht^tions have affected her export trade,
she is still the richest countrj^ii SoutK America f o r her population. Her
history—officially begun in 1823^jrheft sAe was formed as a buffer state between
the two great rivals, Brazil and ^WMniiM—has little of that backlog of painful
[)rimitive beginnings common to m ^ ^ ^ f c ^ nations in the new world. Starting
out as nothing but a fortress on a hin^H»5JVIontevideo, she had developed by
the end of the Nineteenth Century into a small export center for hides, cattle and
wool, the produce of transitory cattle-herding stations throughout the inland
hills. (The national prototype of Uruguay is still the Gaucho). Montevideo
is, even today, her only sizable city, containing over a third of the country's total
population of 2,200,000. I t is the capitol, the port, the center of business, trade,
all welfare offices, education and every other phase of Uruguayan national life.
This geographical unity has undoubtedly simplified the evolution of Uruguay's
.. is girdled by big parks, where trees were planted by hand advanced social program. The government owns and operates the port, banks,
power plant, telephone system and the all-important A.N.C.A.P., a public agency
which refines and sells all gasoline, oil and cement in the country. In terms of
public service, Uruguay has the largest public hospital and finest program in
South America: the greatest hydro-electric power station; and the best equipped
and staffed city planning office. She has a sizable public housing program, a
compulsory pension system, minimum wage legislation and excellent public
schools. Even university training is entirely free, and her Schools of Architec-
ture, Engineering and Urbanism are rated by many as the best and most influen-
tial on the Continent.

Most extensive and successful of Uruguay's planning projects has been the
development of Montevideo's ocean fronts, a project which has paid large divi-
dends by making the city a principal vacation resort for rich Argentinians. Since
the turn of the century this once treeless stretch of coast has been planted with
A series of bright, modern resort towns is strung along the coast. what are now extensive forests. A handsome ocean drive, or rambla, gives
access to miles of uninterrupted [)ublic beach. Large modern hotels, built by the
government, are spaced along the coast, as are the magnificent new university
buildings.
To an outsider, the most amazing feature of Uruguay's progress is the fact that
it was accomplished in a country so totally deficient in natural resources that its
aboriginal Indians, the Guarani, could never progress past the Stone Age, while
the Mayans and Aztecs, their neighbors, were developing high cultures. Uruguay
has no metals, no fuel and almost no usable stone. Trees are very scarce and wood
expensive. Native clay is of such poor quality tliat, until recent improvements in
methods of firing, bricks crumbled after a very short time. Basic building
materials are thus restricted to concrete, stucco and tile. In design terms, these
limitations have led to an architecture of compression as opposed to one of ten-
sion, which presupposes the use of steel. Thus, much Uruguayan work, which
might seem heavy to our eyes, is actually conforming to the demands of its
but her prime source of wealth is still the country ranches material. To gain variety and emphasis within this rather inflexible compass is
the problem which taxes tlie best efforts of Uruguay's architects today. Because
money is still plentiful, a number avoid the struggle by relying on imported
materials and styles—both Wright and Corbusier are popular. But an enthusias-
tic and farsighted group of architects is now working to express their esthetic
theories without destroying the national character of their building.

Fourth m a series of surveys of contemporary architecture in the countries of South America

the material in this issue was assembled by Chloethiel Woodard Smith who, as Guggenheim
Fellow in City Planning, toured South America for over a year.
 FUTURE
MEDICAL
SCHOOL
« i r j B
n n n

CANCER' \
INSTITUTE
H w n X out-PAT IE NTS

» n n n r rHERAPy

Hl» w n n r
' E n n I'

• i T i a

HP
p r

SUN R u

5UNRM
TYPICAL FLOOR

ONE OF T H E WORLD'S LARGEST, T H I S 2,500-BED H O S P I T A L IS H E A R T OF A C E N T R A L I N S T I T U T E FOR URUGUAY'S FREE M E D I C A L SERVICE

NOW C O M P L E T E ( E X C E P T FOR CUT S T O N E F A C I N G ) A N D OCCUPIED, M O N T E V I D E O ' S NEW CITY H A L L IS N U C L E U S OF PROPOSED C E N T E R

 Bi w ; r, M o
Social Services a r e b r o a d , complete
a n d w e l l housed.
• 51 w « " !
When it is remembered that Uruguay is one of the
world's smallest nations, with a .small population and
no great natural resources, her accomplishments seem
all the more remarkahle. The three impressive build-
n n I n 11 <t 1 ^ ings shown on these pages, which house some of her
advanced social service agencies, are thus a very accu-
rate index to both her architectural and social develop-
II
ment. Every Uruguayan citizen is entitled to free
medical and hospital service and the 18-story hospital
in Montevideo (1) is a physical expression of this fact.
The first of 11 units to be ultimately erected at the
center, the hospital is a reinforced concrete structure
whose 2,500 beds are placed in bays across the sunny
(north) side of the building. Despite their under-
standable pride in the new building, which stands
dramatically in the midst of a landscaped park, Uru-
'STAFF J M E D S C H O O L
guayans now feel that it represents too extreme a
centralization of facibties—that perhaps smaller, decen-
tralized units would have been better.

With one of the oldest and most effective planning

boards in South America, Montevideo has been able to
PUBLIC control her urban growth and famous seaside develop-
ment to an enviable degree. One of the most ambitious
DAY ROOM
• ' a schemes has long been for a new civic center—a plaza
for the municipal building surrounded by theater, con-
cert hall, art museum, shops and restaurants. The
municipal building is now almost complete (2) and
some of the other buildings may go through. But
0 3 15 ; 5 3? FEET
(Uruguay is not heaven) the rest of the project has
run up against sharp opposition from the property
THE C E N T E R W I L L I N C L U D E SCHOOLS OF M E D I C I N E . D E N T I S T R Y . H E A L T H owners involved and is now stalled—permanently, the
architects fear.
The cbmate of Uruguay is very mild—from about 5 0
T Y P I C A L OF R E C E N T P U B L I C B U I L D I N G S IS N E W SOCIAL S E C U R I T Y O F F I C E
in winter to around 7 2 in summer—and this perhaps
explains the sobriety of such modern work as the new
home of the .social security and pension administration
( 3 ) . Without the heat and intense sunshine of tropical
Brazil, there is no need for the ventilation and sun
control devices so brilliantly exploited by the Brazilians
( F O R U M , NOV. ' 4 7 ) .

1. Medical Center, Montevideo: Carlos Surraco, Architect.

2. City Hall, Montevideo: Mauricio Cravotto, Architect.
3. Social Security Building, Montevideo: Arbelechc &
Canale, Architects.

T Y P I C A L FLOOR 0 20 4 0 60 flO 100 r i

03
 / A. A J

IN THIS COUNTRY HOTEL. ARCHITECT V I L A M A J O USED LOCAL CRAFTSMEN. LOCAL MATERIALS, IN EFFORT TO CAPTURE LOCAL IDIOM,

UNIVERSITY'S SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING. THIS STRUCTURE IS SET ON A SLOPING CAMPUS OVERLOOKING THE OCEAN
NEW HOME OF
 U r u g u a y h a s g o o d recreational a n d
e d u c a t i o n a l facilities.

Although Uruguay consists largely of treeless, rolling

hill country, with a temperate climate and fine beaches
as her only assets, she has developed an amazing net-
work of resort and recreational areas. Some of these
are strung like beads along the Atlantic Coast; others
are scattered through the interior, usually at national
parks. Besides offering a wide range of recreational
facilities to her own citizens, these resorts have become
the source of a tidy income from Argentine tourists.
Precedent making among inland hotels is El Ventor-
illo at Lavelleja (4) in the hills northeast of Montevideo.

nJ

T H E D I N I N G ROOM IS F R A M E D OF S K I N N E D POLES, ROOFED W I T H THATCH

Designed by the late Juho Vilamajo, this charming

project was one of his last. Here he was testing two of
his pet theories: the need for a more decentralized
T H E M U L T I S T O R Y CLASSROOM BLOCK IS F L A N K E D BY V A R I O U S W O R K S H O P S development of the country; and the responsibility of
her architects to develop a style which respected both
her past history and present resources. At Lavalleja
he employed local craftsmen and confined himself to
local materials—stone, poles, thatch—in an effort to
C « 9 « - • demonstrate that thoroughly contemporary solutions
could be effected with both. The buildings shown are
part of a larger projected group along the hillside. An
CHEMI4TRV PMVsIC artificial lake is being built in the valley below.
More than any other country below the Rio Grande.
Uruguay—with her separation of church and State—
has a free, progressive educational system. School
attendance is compulsory and the literacy rate corres-
pondingly high. Capstone of this system, of which
Uruguayans are imderstandably proud, is the University
of Montevideo. Shown here is the new home of the
School of Engineering. Also designed by Vilamajo, the
structure is entirely of reinforced concrete, with
inverted beams to give a smooth ceiling. In his effort
to achieve an honest expression of this structural solu-
tion, Vilamajo insisted that the concrete itself be
exposed. He experimented with many variations in
design—some of them so expensive that the clients
winced. When the administration insisted in sheathing
part of the first floor in cut stone, the architect resigned.
As a companion to the Engineering School, the Uni-
versity has also just completed a handsome new plant
for the School of Architecture (not illustrated),
designed by the architect Ramon Fresneda

05
 K1|TCH[N|
LIVII

!»' FLOOR

ISlTCHtN

DRESsloO^LlvmGn

I LIVING

TYPICAL FLOOR
 Residential work reflects high living
standards.

It is easy to assume, from her residential architecture,

that Uruguay enjoys a climate which is cooler (politi-
cally as well as geographically) than many of her neigh-
bors. This is substantially true. A small country with
no substratum of primitive peoples or minority races,
Uruguay is also largely free of those extravagant con-
trasts between wealth and poverty wliich mark her sis-
ter republics. Her typical middle class home looks ver3
much like that of Denver or Indianapolis—and reflects
about the same level of social and economic relations.
Thus, in the newer residential districts, there are fewer
of those high walls and barred windows so common
across her borders (7, 9) though everyone "locks up" at
night. By the same token there is a high percentage of
single car garages. (The Uruguayans feel that they pre-
ceded the U.S.A. in the frank incorporation of the garage
into the house proper. I t often takes the form of a car-
port lined with ceramic tiles and forming a pleasant
entrance to the rear garden). Much the same standards
of comfort and utility run through the design of the
many new apartment houses lining Montevideo's
avenues.
Stylistically, Uruguay's current residential work
reflects the fact that her architects are very much aware
of what goes on in the rest of the world. There are the
. - I [' J
inevitable echoes of Corbusier (6) and Wright ( 7 ) :
but other, more indigenous, tendencies predominate
and these are determined not only by climate and cul-
ture but also by the materials at hand. With all metals
I.' and most wood imported, the Uruguayan architect
necessarily works within a reference frame of masonry
construction. Another limitation he faces is the almost
complete lack of standardization in building compo-
nents—each element must be separately detailed. This
condition led Vilamajo to experiment with prefabri-
cated elements as long as 20 years ago. Today, many
of the younger architects are working toward a stand-
ardization of basic building elements.

6> House in Montevideo: Raul Cohe Piriz and Riccarde

IS Carrere, Architects. 7. House in Montevideo: Hector Vig-
nale, Architect. &• House in Carrasco: Duhaldc, Garcia
Selgas & Paysse Reyes, Architects. 9i Two-family house:
Gori, Salvo & Muracciole, Architects. I0> Prefabricated
house in Montevideo: Julio Vilamajo, Architect !!• Archi-
tect Mauricio Cravotto's own home and ofi&ce. 12. Apart-
ment in Montevideo: Julio Vilamajo, Architect. 13. Apart-
ment in Montevideo: Gori, Salvo & Muracciole, Architects.
14. Apartment: de los Campos, Puentc & Toumier, Archi-
tects.

IQL
Commerce and Industry are efficiently
housed in sturdy structures.

Few countries in the world offer better grazing than

Uruguay and, in a very real sense, her whole economic
structure is based on this fact. Cattle and sheep raising
occupy the rural part of the population and the process-
ing of meat, wool and hides for export occupies most
of the rest. Lack of fuel has, until recent years, limited
the development of other industries. However, the cur-
rent development of the Rio Negro hydro-electric power
•complex (a sort of diminutive TVA) is beginning to
bring new industry. And new, well-designed factories
are being built to house it (15).
Most of this cattle-based commerce and industry is
concentrated in the capital (there are no other cities
WAIT INC. P
of over 50,000) and leads to a top-heavy condition of
which the planners are well aware. However, this con- 5T0RAC-.E 5MIPPIN6

centration in Montevideo has given her shops a cosmo- DFt^lCE

M A N F A C T U n I N G

pohtan quality. Thus one new food and wine shop,

designed by Vilamajo (20) boasts not only egg crate
lighting in front but a small fountain in the rear which 5ECGMD FLOOR

runs wine instead of water. The multi-story windowless

department store for women (16) is quite up to Ameri- FIRST FLOOR irSiO 7.0 40
can standards of luxury while the Montevideo Stock
Exchange (19) looks quite as secure as any—and a
lot less forbidding than most. 15
The Uruguayan architects—despite their prominence
in government—have never succeeded in passing a
national registration law (the engineers have). But,
from the streets of Montevideo alone, it is clear that
they have established an average level of arcliitectural
competence which, if sober, is certainly high.

15* Pharmaceutical factory: Luis Garcia Pardo, Architect.

16. Department store and (17) Sales room and offices:
de los Campos, Puento & Tournier, Architects. Filling
station at Carrasco: Rafael Lorente, Architect. 19. Stock
Exchange: Arbaleche & Canale. Architects. 20. Delica-
tessen and wine shop: Julio Vilamajo, Architect.
19

•••••
ihyhijM be/on—j

• • • • a
• • n n n
• • • • •

rmr
TYPICAL FLOOR
xjin

T=rn
Photo Credits: 1—Foto Mendello. 3—Colorjutos. 4—del Rto
Fotos.
10—Foto
5—G. A. Downs.
Jaeger.
7—Foto Mandcllo.
11—Foto Mandello,
9—Foto
Foto Torrents.
Technxco.
13—Foto
!I -- r i - •
Technico. 14—Foto Mandcllo. 16—Foto Tcchnico. 18—Foto Man-
dello. 20—Folo Torrents, Foto Mandcllo. - i
I I ! ! S

i ^ ^ T ^ t L T l r • • I I I

108 Architectural F O R U M Juno 1948

 Display

Show window
 A HOUSE DIVIDED The stubborn demand for

GLASS WALL OF LIVING AREA LOOKS SOUTH ON PLEASANT PRIVATE COURT . . .

aarden *»'

Glass w a l l o f l i v i n g room
t vara

I s w e l l placed f o r south

exposure and p r i v a c y

Master bedroom, study,

and L i v i n g wing
• V, •;
•

overlook pleasant court N o r t h side o f p l o t

i s used logically

COMPLICATED DETAILING is exempUfied by heavy Driveway seems w a s t e f u l , f o r s e r v i c e and gar«

pseudo-classic molding on the south east corner canopy of u s i n g 1/3 o f p l o t
the porcL Example of smart detail: the porch is protected
by Rolscreens which disappear simply and easily for
entire openness and out-of-season storage and protection.

House i s i n t e l l i g e n t l y placed

on p l o t and v a r i o u s f u n c t i o n s

are arranged i n an i n f o r m a l

comfortable way
10 I's rofEtT

I 10 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

bmpromise in modern house architecture cripples the design

All pbotuyraplu, Hedrich Blessing Studio. Courtesy Popular Homes—U. S. Gypsum Co.

11

BUT STREET ELEVATION HAS DIFFERENT CHARACTER; T H E FRONT APPEARS COMMONPLACE IN ATTEMPT TO DISGUISE INTERIOR

Indoors, most people like modern architecture. They like the comfort and con-
venience which it gives them. But outdoors, standing on the sidewalk, most
people still are appalled by the absence of the familiar picture postcard symbols
of home in the appearance of an undisguised modern house.
They want—even demand—the conveniences and comforts of modern design,
but they continue to reject the honest expression in the exterior of the kind of WRITE TO 350 FIFTH AVENUE . . .
home which contains those conveniences and comforts. The kind of house they M r . Rene P. Travelletti, architect and owner
want is shown in the photographs on these four pages, and there are doubtless of this house, was sent the layout, text, and
many F O R U M readers who will agree with them. But in the opinion of the editors, captions f o r tiiese four pages prior to pub-
this house near Chicago is a beautiful example of the impossibility of designing lication. M r . Travelletti prepared a rebuttal,
a really successful modern house which does not look like a modern house. Com- which appears imedited on page 113.
promise crippled the design. The F O R U M considers this house a particular-
The architect, designing his home, approached the problem in a clearly intelli- ly good representation of an increasingly pop-
gent, logical fashion. He placed the house on his site well, and oriented it witli ular design approach, expertly carried out
particular wisdom. The living-dining room wing is placed to the rear of the lot. w i t l i i n its own limits. These unfortunate
facing south, with a broad expanse of floor to ceiling [Link] looking out on a limits are not the product of idterior influ-
pleasant, secluded court. Services are insulated from the family bedrooms by ences on the architect here as they usually
central passageways, and are on the less valuable side of the property, with a are when he is not his own client: the design
segregated service approach. The garage is wedded to the house. There is no issue i n tliis case is especially clear. The
basement. A great deal of meaningless ornament and decoration is left out. The F O R U M w i l l welcome opinion on the bouse,
design, in general, has an admirable informality, a clear abandonment of the the text, and M r . Travelletti''s cogent, good
tradition of putting the living room on one side of an entrance hall, dining on Mil l ured rcluittal.
the other, stairway right of center. This is the excellent overall approach to small
house planning developed by the pioneering architects of the last two decades.
But then the architect turned on the nostalgia. He set about creating an
"acceptable" street facade. Perhaps he did this in the belief that the most gener-
 A workmanlike plan and pleasant terrace are denied by a nostalgic roof

i-
GOOD O R I E N T A T I O N J . - wall,
but details are handled clumsily. Rather
than extending ceiling line out for shade,
the architect chose to hang pitched ex-
tension of roof line on wall.

DUMMY SECOND STORY is buih to ac-

cent the entrance, and (see section)
adds much unnecessary storage space
and expense when built back over the
living area.

WASTEFUL DESIBH spends space on

entrance hall at expense of other rooms,
with gross door. Note the interior door
moldings and on the exterior the window
peeping sweetly from the dummy second
story, all attic and 18 yards long.

112 The Architectural F O R U M June 1941

 ARCHITECT'S REBUTTAL

ally popular house for resale would be a "sweet" modern^erhaps local building This house was not built for resale, was not
regulations forced [hg'?gsuerircgiI1d"^<i lhai hla ba»kei"T5ld him he had to give influenced by local regulations, nor by the
his modem ideas the treatment; bankers often do, confusing present sale values mortgage banker; it was simply the house which
with future resale values, in massive ignorance of the fact that people's tastes we wanted. It was designed for this particular
are continuing to advance. X t any rate, tke architect yielded to"s6rtT6i)rie'5 rios- lot, and if it had been meant for a different ex-
talgic yearning for gables and false proportions. posure, it obviously would have been designed
differently. The house was placed as near to the
Another point to be raised in a design of this type is dependency upon the
I street as local restrictions permitted; the drive-
location of plot with regard to roads. Here tfie architect was f(3^^TOatC^t^l^
way and court provide some parking place
consTHer his predicjmft'nt i f l E e landTTad been on the North side of an East-West
needed on a fast traffic street.
street. The gTaS'^ expSisg^winiW then"1t3^
exposure—and where then would be the prim mask for the living room wing? Because all the principal rooms and activities
are toward the back, there was little to express
He did give his house the treatment. Where he went to some dllhculty to"flikkfc>,
in the architecture of the street side. The char-
the back of the Rouse expansive, well glazed, designed for pleasant living, he
seems to have been equally bent on making the front a discreet denial of those acter of the neighborhood and proximity to
aims. I^fortiinatefy The damage peKg&aies deeper ttUUl suifaue'a]/p'eaiaiic7, as other houses suggested restraint in the same way
it always does in such compromises. You cannot change just the outside of a that, although nudism is acceptable in the priv-
house. Any change in the outside is bound to affect the interior. acy of certain clubs, it is not customary in the
street.
In this case the wish to change the character of the facade caused the adding of a
false half story, a loft on top of the house that adds more than a third to the total
cubage. The apparent reason f o r thie second story gable is to emphasize the rnate
iMtS .t, ACTUAL Rjiti\JuRB
entrance, coupled with the attempt to make the facade express a "cleaned up"
ARt^AMiiBMEMT IMSTSAD OP
traditional character. The second story forged by the gable has no rooms—with T^tM SHOWN oto
only a peephole window at either end, and is not feasible for future expansion
of living facilities, since a pull-down stair is the only means of [Link] cei
of the living room I s nof raised'by this shoving upvrsT&'oi the rooi Tine. Spacious Sep eoo».is
storage facilities exist in the house, without the attic. What then is the purpose
of this expensive bulk—storage space for spent old emotions? T+l'S AeffA or
ATTiC
There are obvious reasons f o r the appeal which eclecticism has for the layman
building a house. .\ny tried and true formula produces predictable results.
But this attempt to make modern architecture predictable or "palatable" by
overlaying it with archaism indicates that such a method can only detract from
the great physical advantages of truly contemporary building.

——1 r Piov/iilou foe.

W a l l stopa l o g i c a l exteneion
POR CH
o f d i n i n g room onto porch

The reason for the second story gable is not

' L i v i n g room i s d i s a p p o i n t i n g l y
to give a "treatment" but to provide space for
two future bedrooms and a bath. Provision was
s m a l l , poor f o r arranging f u r n i t u r e ^
made in the framing of the entrance hall ceiling
for the erection of stairs, which, when installed,
A l l cooking services
will reduce greatly the size of the hall.
The living area and the dining area should
are on one w a l l , w i t h
not be considered as two separate rooms, each
and work space seven f e e t
one too small for the house. The intent is to
ITCHEN
across t h e room have one large room for both activities, with a
folding partition used occasionally.
Fireplace badly placed
The overhang ceiling is lower than that of
the living room to eliminate glare. As it is,
SUNDRY
blinds are needed a good portion of the year.
BEDROOM All the working areas and food storage are
ij'-r > i2'-6"
on the same wall of the kitchen, so that the
Dressing
cook {in this case my wife) can watch the stove
when working at the sink. This has worked very
Linen
well for our small family, and when we enter-
HALL
tain, the caterers find the 7 ft. aisle and the
Dressing MAID I other counter extremely useful.
9'6". 11-6'
It seems to me that the editor is unreservedly
SCALE IN/FEE
committed to the extreme brand of modernism,
10 15 but that he has failed to substantiate his theory
Both dressing rooms are t r a f f i c ways: of "A House Divided." If he had said plainly,
GARAGE instead, that the house lacks a certain exhibi-
bedroom t o bath; h a l l t o bath;
tionism, he would have been entirely right, but
bedroom t o dressing room for me, if I have to choose between sweet or
Entrance h a l l s and coatroom
sour modern. Til take sweet.
eat up almost as nmch

cubage as l i v i n g room
13
Small house proves that distinction is
more a matter of brains than money
JON KONKiSHOFER, Designer and Builder
THOMAS D. CHURCH, Landscape Architect

Eastern designers, when confronted with West Coast work, are apt to exclaim
(a bit plaintively) "Well, with climate and topography like they've got, who
couldnt design a dramatic house?" It is true, of course, that frostproof
footings, heavy insulation and oversize heating plants play a relatively minor
role in California architecture: but this is also true for most of the southern
U.S.A. The Pacific Coast has some fine scenery: but so do Colorado, Tennes-
see, Vermont and a lot of other places you could name. The explanation is SHELF IS LEVELED, FORMS FOR FOOTINGS IN PLACE

obviously not so simple. I t is just as possible to build mediocre houses in

Carmel as in Camden—in point of fact, they're probably as numerous i n one
spot as the other. But wiiat does distinguish West Coast work is the large
number of first rate designs and the high average level of domestic work in
general. This phenomenon is the expression of a cultural climate, not just a
physical one.
The little house of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Buckner is a case in point. Located
on a natural semicircular shelf overlooking the Pacific near Carmel, it was
designed to serve as a guest house for a larger place eventually to occupy
the knoll above and behind it. It employs nothing very spectacular in the way
of material or equipment. It is not very large and—by current standards—not
very expensive ($12,000 including built-in furniture and equipment). Yet it
is on all counts a distinguished job. It fits with deceptive simplicity into a ven--
dilTicult location—one of the client's requirements being that it should look
well from above. It exploits a fine view with uncanny precision—even the PERIMETER FRAME WlLL CARRY RADIAL RAFTERS (BELOW)

wood dividers i n the terrace were laid out with this in mind, while the curb
was kept low so as not to block the view from inside the house. The interiors

\
barbecue

DESIGNED TO BE SEEN FROM SITE OF

FUTURE HOUSE, GUEST HOUSE FITS

INTO LANDSCAPE WITHOUT FUSS, D E -

SPITE ITS BOLD GEOMETRIC FORM.

NOTE HOW ASYMMETRIC BRACING AND

ROOF SLOPE ADD REPOSE TO BIRD'S

EYE VIEW.

I 14 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 194

 TWO FOOT REDWOOD SEAT FORMS CURB OF T E R R A C E PAVING USES FOUR INCH REDWOOD DIVIDERS IN PEBBLED CONCRETE SQUARES

RADIANTLY HEATED FLOORS

have continuous electric resis-

«asr. t a n c e coil e m b e d d e d in light a g g r e -

gate concrete slab. Coils were

"tacked down" to base slab by

blob of cement mortar pending

pouring of f i n i s h c o a t (below).

orley Baer
 Despite its flamboyant location, th

COVE LIGHTING SUPPLEMENTS PINPOINTS S E T IN CEILING

overhong

immm
WIDE EAVES PROTECT LOW-SILLED LIVING ROOM V/INDOWS V^/HICH MAKE

MOST OF FINE VIEW. COPPER-HOODED FIREPLACE COMPLEMENTS

REDWOOD WALLS, GRAY-GREEN CARPET, Y E L L O W CURTAINS

/ overhong

ch bwes' heoier — sioroge —

USE OF CHORDs'»<CcURVED W A L L SIMPLIFIED FRAMING, C U TCOSTSi

S S I N G ROOM (CENTER) AND BEDROOM (RIGHT ARE NEATyft A YACHT, OCCUPY COMPACT STRIP ALONG BACK
KITCHEN (LEFT). BATH-DR

I
ouse has a sober structure and a very practical plan.
display the same competence—kitchen, bath, dressing room and bedroom are CONSTRUCTION OUTLINE: Exterior w a l l s — s t u d s , shiplap red-
wood a n d g l a s s . Floors—concrete. Ceilings—exposed beams and
compressed into a narrow strip across the rear and the space thus saved is sneathing. R O O F — b u i l t - u p , crushed rock finish. INSULATION—
thrown with telling effect into a half-round living room. In fact, the owners Zonolite C o . , Celotex Corp., K i m b e r l y C l a r k C o r p . , S H E E T M E T A L
W O R K —copper. FLOOR COVERINGS: M a i n room — c a r p e t .
have found the entire unit so satisfactory that there's some doubt now that K i t c h e n — g a r d e n tile. Bathrooms—rubber tile. PAINTS—Samuel
the main house will be built at all. Cabot, Inc., National L e a d Co. E L E C T R I C A L INSTALLATION:
Wiring system—conduit. Fixtures—General Lighting Co. K I T C H E N
This month the slope behind the Buckner's house near Carmel, Calif, will be a EQUIPMENT: Range—electric. S i n k — C r a n e C o . ; Monel M e t a l ,
sheet of watermelon pink—thanks to the ice plant used as a ground cover. But International Nickel C o . B A T H R O O M E Q U I P M E N T — C r a n e C o .
H E A T I N G : E l e c t r i c r a d i a n t h e a t i n g s y s t e m ; c a b l e s laid o v e r Z o n o -
this exotic note is incidental: generally speaking, the house is a neat example lite, Z o n o l i t e C o r p . W a t e r h e a t e r — C r a n e C o .
of practical planning and construction. Its location on a natural half-moon
of a terrace dictated its shape and orientation; its ultimate function as a guest
house determined its small size. Yet within these limits, a satisfactory perma-
nent dwelling unit for two adults has been developed. Facilities have been
compressed where compression is least disturbing—a complete kitchen, bath,
dressing room and bedroom for two occupy an 8 ft. by 40 ft. strip. But small
as they are, they are better equipped than many standard rooms. The rest of
his space the designer has thrown into a living room of exhilarating size and
openness. The fine view can be enjoyed from any spot in the room and—more
unusual—the fireplace is located so that one can have fire and view simulta-
neously. Two additional persons can sleep here, on the built-in sofa beds
against the straight wall. These pull out on rollers. They are separated by a
storage cabinet for bedding and flanked by a desk at one end and a radio
combination at the other. The kitchen has a sliding pass-window to the outside
dining area on the terrace. Boasting its own barbecue, this spot is protected PINPOINTS PROJECT ABOVE ROOF
against the sharp winds from the ocean and the more overpowering aspects housing-

of the ocean view. As a working unit, the house is completed by the lockers for
pin-poinr
across the back for firewood, garden tools, etc. 4 l a y e r s felf
igliting
fixture

wood
planking
APPROACH ON HIGH LEVEL SHOWS A LONG SINGLE-STORY HOME OF CONTEMPORARY DESIGN, BUT THIS IS A C T U A L L Y ONLY TOP HALF

A large, informal house of great luxury and little ostentation

SIMON B. ZELNIK, Arcliitect
JANDER & FORGIONE BUILDERS, INC., General Contractors There are not many residences being built today which include a billiard
room, a lounge, a bar, a gallery, a recreation room, and a gymnasium—as
JACK BARRICINI, Owner does this luxurious home in Scarsdale, N . Y. Planned for a man and wife and
two daughters, the building does not spend its resources in creating an over-
powering facade, as have so many homes built on such a scale. The essential
luxury here is, wisely, one of space. Three bedrooms for the family are sup-
plemented by tremendous cubage—for a house—in foyers, terraces, and other
spacious facilities for informal living and expansive entertaining.
The front facade reveals only a pleasant, one-story contemporary house of
fair size, built on a SYo acre plot which slopes about 1 f t . in 8 down to an
almost level plateau 15 f t . below the street. But the house stands on the edge
of the steep break, and uses it to contain actually two big levels of large rooms.
Exterior walls are stone and cypress siding, with concrete plank floors and a
black slate roof. Interiors are walnut veneer and white plaster, with structural
glass walls in the kitchen and master bathroom.
The importance of the lower level, which includes an extra bedroom as well
as the more informal entertaining areas and services, is emphasized imme-
diately upon entry to the house by the curved stairway i n the entrance foyer,
Stnttt
which climbs down an open well facing a two-story window.

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 dorkrm STUDY ENTR

9KF5T

LEVEL [Link]

KITCHEN HAS BOTH GAS AND ELECTRIC RANGES

DKCK
LIVING ROOM W A I N S C O T I N G IS W A L N U T VENEER

Koverheod door

GARAGE

STORAGE

BAR :.:'_,r,-f:
BILLIARD RM

LOWER LEVEL
RECREATION RM

VIEW FROM LOWER L E V E L ; BALCONY CONNECTS TWO OF T H R E E UPPER BEDROOMS

 I 0- 5- 10- ly 211'

DRAMATIC CURVED STAIRWAY, SUPPORTED BY

POSTS, STANDS IN WELL INSIDE A TWO-STORY

WINDOW ON THE SOUTH

CONSTRUCTION OUTLINE: Foundation — concrete.

Waterproofing—AntI-Hydro Waterproofing Co., Barrett
Co. F l o o r s — F l e x i c o r e Div., Price Bros. R O O F I N G — B a r -
rett Co., W m . F . Watson Co. S H E E T M E T A L W O R K —
Chase B r a s s & Copper Co. G L A S S — L i b b e y - O w e n s - F o r d
G l a s s C o . G A R A G E D O O R S — O v e r h e a d Door C o . ELEC-
T R I C A L I N S T A L L A T I O N — G e n e r a l Electric Co., Ledlin
Light Designers. Inc. K I T C H E N E Q U I P M E N T — C h a m b e r s
C o . , F r i g i d a i r e D i v . , General Motors C o r p . , F e d e r a l Mfg.
C o . . Inc. B A T H R O O M E Q U I P M E N T — A m e r i c a n R a d i a t o r -
Standard Sanitary Corp. H E A T I N G — h o t water system.
Air Conditioning—Carrier Corp. Boiler—Bryant Heater
Co., Radiators—Tuttle & Bailey, Inc. F i r e a l a r m — F a r a d a y
E l e c t r i c C o r p . B u r g l a r a l a r m — E d w a r d &, C o . Robert Lrrem*

VIEW FROM LOWER LEVEL SHOWS T H E TRUE BULK OF T H E HCUSE; LARGE WINDOWS AND PORCH MARK CENTER LIVING ROOM

'gmm
U f M N M ^ m r Mil Mm I
 OFFICES for a publisher and his staff, combining the trades of hterature and business.

THOMAS G. COLES, Architect GINKOE CONTRACTING CO.. General Contractors

WILLIAM SLOANE ASSOCIATES, INC., Publishers, Owners

Publishers' offices should be more than suites of comfortable—or even inspir-

ing—rooms for office workers. The designer, when planning a publishing
house, should remember that the private offices have an additional function;
they must serve as background for the sometimes mystic communion between
author and editor. I n this publishers' suite, both the general space and the
smaller offices are planned to give an atmosphere of restraint and dignity to
this background. Rooms of carefully plotted and graduated size house the
various executives and editors, with a movable screen between the president
and treasurer in a big room also used for conferences and receptions. Colors
are deep blue-green. French gray, pale yellow and terra cotta, with walnut
paneling.
WAITING ROOM V I E W T O W A R D INNER OFFICES

P. A. Dearborn

LOCKER ROOM

RECEPTION
. ' I i.l

GENERAL OFFICE

SPECIAL

OFFICE

SEC'r.
01 ' L,L

'!! I 11 : •AX'-
.1' "CI Mi I icr

\ / .SIIAng
'focriiuan

;;i ! U.I PRESIDENT'S : OFFICE

OFFICE

WALNUT-PANELED PRESIDENT'S OFFICE SERVES ALSO AS A C O N F E R E N C E ROOl

ART DEPARTMENT AND EDITOR'S OFFICE, BELOW, IN FORMER LOFT SPACE

C O N S T R U C T I O N O U T L I N E : Interior par-
titions—cinder block a n d p l a s t e r . Glass
partitions—Mississippi Glass C o . and Pitts-
burgh Plate Glass C o . T r a c k s and rollers—
G a r d e n C i t y P l a t i n g <£. M f g . C o . F L O O R
C O V E R I N G S — A m e r i c a n Tile & Rubber Co..
Magee C a r p e t C o . , A r m s t r o n g Cork Co.
W A L L C O V E R I N G S — p l y w o o d and Flex-
wood. U. S . Plywood Corp. F U R N I S H I N G S
—Muroco Woodworking C o . . Knoll Asso-
ciates, Inc., George Jensen, Inc., Jofa, Inc.,
J . H. Thorpe & C o . and T h o m a s Geer Coles.
D O O R S — N e w Castle Products. P A I N T S —
P r a t t &. L a m b e r t C o . , B e n j a m i n Moore &
Co. and Gutta Percha Corp. E L E C T R I C A L
F I X T U R E S — E d w a r d F . Caldwell Co. and
General Lighting Co. H E A T I N G — f o r c e d
warm air system. Air Conditioning—Gen-
eral E l e c t r i c Co. T h e r m o s t a t s — M i n n e a p o l i s -
Honeywell Regulator C o . Venetian Blinds—
Columbia Mills.
TICKET OFFICES—a s t e a m s h i p c o m p a n y r e v a m p s b o o k i n g s e r v i c e s in t h r e e p o r t s .

WALTER DORWIN TEAGUE, Designer

EUGENE GERBEREUX AND C. STOWE MYERS, Associates

One of the large industrial design firms which maintain oflTices on

both coasts was called in to refurbish this steamship company's
ticket headquarters in Los Angeles, San Francisco and (page 124)
Xew York. The two California offices were planned to be similar in
character, and in some respects similar in detail. Large maps with the
• q company's world-round route defined in neon dominate both star-
Julius Shulman
OFFICE- • board walls, and ship models sit near the glass fronts, which are based
between low plant boxes. Interiors of both stores, bared by the glass
fronts, clearly indicate the business of the tenant. Two service areas
are provided: a counter, and small tables, where more time can be
given to mulling over destinations in consultation with company

11 representatives. The Los Angeles office (facing page) is tlie larger.

Its ceiling is slanted downward and backward from the high canopy
front to the floor level of a mezzanine built in the rear, thus creating
second Hoor office space without loss of height in the main office. In
the San Francisco office, below, the glass front itself is slanted.

Stone, Hugo Steccati

BOOKING
NING G L A S S F R O N T REVEALS SERVICES: ONLY EXTERIOR S I G N N E E D E D A T E Y E L E V E L IS S M A L L P L A Q U E T O L E F T
STRIP LIGHTING CARRIES THROUGH OVER FRONT OF HIGH LOS ANGELES OFFICE

V counler lop V /
OFFICE FILING

iigm lube •
mewer unit

OFFICE

SEC Y

. j:ONFERENCE
FILES CONTAIN COLORED SLIDES

TO B E SHOWN U N D E C I D E D T I C K E T
d] i
BUYERS IN COUNTER VIEWER

if;
SECOND FLOOR
1 FOLDING WALL SEPARATES ROOMS ON MEZZANINE
BOOKINGS ARE MADE BOTH

AT COUNTER IN FRONT OF

MAP, AND AT SMALL TABLES

BOOKING

Julius Shulman

123
On the east coast the same company gives the same designers a somewhat different area to be finished.

W A L T E R D O R W I N T E A G U E , Designer

R O B E R T J. H A R P E R , Associate

T h e d e s i g n o f t h e N e w Y o r k olTice uses m u c h the s a m e m a t e r i a l s and

i d e a s , i n s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t f a s h i o n , f o r t h e s t e a m s h i p c o m p a n y ' s East-
ern sales. The p r o b l e m , h o w e v e r , is s o m e w h a t d i f f e r e n t , s i n c e the
s p a c e is n o t s t r e e t d i s p l a y f r o n t a g e , b u t a r e g u l a r office a r e a e n t e r e d
from an elevator. Much o f t h i s a r e a is g i v e n o v e r t o a business
office, w i t h the b o o k i n g s e c t i o n s m a l l , as c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e West
Coast branches. The c o u n t e r is e l i m i n a t e d , a n d the world map is
smaller and presented i n d i f f e r e n t materials, but the ship model
and route lines appear again. One s i d e o f t h e b o o k i n g office serves
a l s o as a waiting room. Cove l i g h t i n g was the choice, w i t h flush
d o w n spotlights. The large area o f w i n d o w — a possible d i s t r a c t i o n —
was masked w i t h o u t u n d u e loss o f l i g h t w i t h a c o m b i n a t i o n o f l o n g
V e n e t i a n b l i n d s and gathered curtains.

C O N S T R U C T I O N O U T L I N E : I n t e r i o r p a r t i t i o n s — C i n d e r block. C e i l i n g s —
Mufflotone f i n i s h , C e l o t e x C o r p . or A c o u s t o n e , U . S . G y p s u m C o . GLASS
PARTITIONS—Blue Ridge Glass Co. F L O O R C O V E R I N G S : Carpets—
ABOVE. ELEVATOFl SIDE OF BOOKING OFFICES Goodall F a b r i c s , Inc. and B i g e l o w - S a n f o r d C a r p e t C o . A s p h a l t t i l e — A r m s t r o n g
Cork C o . V \ / A L L C O V E R I N G S : W a l l p a p e r — R i c h a r d E . T h i b a u t . Cork board
CONFERENCE ROOM IS TO REAR OF OFFICES —Armstrong Cork Co. FURNISHINGS—Walter Dorwin Teague, Jacob
F r o e h l i c h . A r t e k - P a s c o e , I n c . , W . J . S l o a n e , M e t a l Office F u r n i t u r e C o . ,
J . H . T h o r p &. C o . , I n c . D O O R S — A t l a n t i c Metal Products and Superior
B r o n z e C o . H A R D W A R E — S c h l a g e L o c k C o . . L . C . N. C l o s e r s , I n c . P A I N T S —
N a t i o n a l L e a d C o . E L E C T R I C A L S W I T C H E S — A r r o w , H a r t &. H e g e m a n
Electric Co. P L U M B I N G F I X T U R E S — A m e r i c a n Radiator-Standard Sanitary
C o r p . H E A T I N G — Y o r k C o r p . G r i l l e s — T u t t l e &. B a i l e y , I n c .

EXECUTIVES
OFFICE

BOOKING OFFICE BUSINESS OFFICE

CONFERENCE

elevQforj |
cools supplies

SCALE

SHIP MODEL AND MAP

ARE PROMINENT IN ALL

T H R E E BOOKING OFFICES

Ben Schnall
 CTICE

LIGHTING WITH PAINT. The new luminescents offer some interesting possibilities in decoration, illumination and safety
measures. A survey of their commercial forms, limitations and sources.

Just as no c o l o r p r i n t (^an ever mal«"h l l u -

A l t h o u g h they g l o w i n the d a r k , l i k e the material, which are nowadays classed as a
transparency f r o m w h i c h I lie eii{iravin;i> w i - r c <d(l-fashioned radio-active m a t e r i a l s used on h e a l t h h a z a r d ) , stable a n d i n e r t . T h e y may be
made, so no o n i i n a r y p i j i m t - n t can m a t c h a c l o c k fact's, the new luminescents are c h e m i -
m i x e d into special vehicles to f o r n i p a i n t s a n d
luminescent one. The reason is s i m p l f : in c a l l v i i t i r e l a l c d and o i i c r a l f on a i i u i t c d i l l . n ni
ink-, or used to i i i i p r e g n a l i - papers and plastics.
the case of p r i n t or p a i n t , the colors seen arc principle. I i d i k e radio-active pigment> or ele-
T h e y may even be m i x e d w i t h c e r a m i c f r i t s
reflected l i g h t , w h i l e t r a n s p a r e n c y and lumi- mental phosphorus, they give o f f l i g h t only
and bakj'd right into porcelain enamel.
nescents h o l h act as a c t u a l sources of h g l i t . i t when " c x c i l c d " liy an ontside -ource <d energv.
is t h i s added visual dimeiisiim w h i c h makes T h i s energy they absorb, convert a n d re-enut LIGHTING WITH PAINT
the new l u m i n e s c e n t p a i n t s and p i g m e n t s so as visible, i-olored l i g h t .
\ \ heievcr low levels of general i l l u m i n a t i o n
intriguing to m a n y architects. A l the same I f the h i n i i n o c c n t m a t e r i a l ^ l o w s ord> w h i l e are r e q u i r e d — t h e a t e r s , n i g h t c l u b s , cafes, etc.
l i m e , Ijowever, ihey are r e p e l l e d by tlie cur- ex|)[Link] to the light source, it is c a l l e d a —the luminescents o b v i o u s l y m e r i t considera-
r e n t use of these m a t e r i a l s . A s is so o f t e n the fluorescent. I f i t continues to g l o w a f t e r the t i o n , especially i f the decor c a l l s f o r b r i l l i a n t
case w i t h new p r o d u c t s , the luminescents have l i g h t source is removed, it is k n o w n as a pfius- c o l o r — a n effect w h i c h , w i t h n o r m a l p i g m e n t s ,
suffered f r o m f r i v o l i t y i n a p p l i c a t i o n a n d vul- plwrvscent. Actually, phosphorescents glow r e q u i r e s h i g h levels of i l l u m i n a t i o n .
g a r i t y i n design. T h i s has led many designers both d u r i n g a n d a f t e r exposure. T h e fluores- Today several companies are producing
to c o n c l u d e t i i a t they are novelty m a t e r i a l s — cenls are e x c i t e d o i d y by b l a c k l i g h t — i . e . . t h a i l l u o i e s c e n l paiiUs w i t h o i l a n d t e m p e r a vehi-
w i t h o u t r e a l usefulness or p e r m a n e n t value. p a r t o f the s p e c t r u m between u l t r a - v i o l e t a n d cles, p a c k a g e d i n b o t h tubes a n d j a r s . O n e o f
visible light — while the phosphorescents the c o u n t r y ' s largest p r o d u c e r s of p i g m e n t s —
Vet the f a c t is that the new luminescents res|)(»nd to b o t h v i s i b l e a n d b l a c k l i g h t . New Jersey Zinc Co.—turns out a l i n e of
open u p new fields in building illumination, T h e active agents i n l u m i n e s c e n t paints are >ix colors: blue white, deep blue, green,
d e c o r a t i o n and safety w o r k . I n the hands «>f c r \ > I a l l i n e pigment.-, w h i c h , c h e m i c a l l y .-.peak- y e l l o w , orange and r e d . These are. of course,
i m a g i n a t i v e designers, they can be used to i n g , are s u l p h i d e s of z i n c , c a d m i u m , c a l c i u m the black light colors—under daylight they
r e i n h j r c e e x i s t i n g i l l u m i n a t i o n systems or do or > l r o n l i u m or c o m b i n a t i o n s thereof.*' These apiH-ar as w h i l e s , pale yeUows a n d b u f f s . H o w -
the l i g h t i n g j o b a l l by themselves. T h e y can pigments are non-toxic (unlike radio-active ever, fluorescent p a i n t s are now c o m m e r c i a l l y
y i e l d new decorative effects, either i n the d a r k a v a i l a b l e whose d a y l i g h t colors closely d u p l i -
or i n f u l l d a y l i g h t or b o t h . O r they can In- um iI * Actually, none of the suljihides will huiiineste cate the b l a c k l i g h t colors (.see c o l o r jialettes
without the addition of nunutc quantiti.-.s , , f aii beh)W I so t h a t they have essentially the same
solely as safety devices to guarantee sure- ••activator"—(-opper, bismuth, silver or niuufzanese
—which are thoroughly mixed with the |.igmcnt> values under either v i s i b l e or i n v i s i b l e light.
f o o t e d movement i n the d a r k .
in manufacturing process. U n the other hand, f o r those .-ituatiims where

With luminescent paints, the designer can reproduce his daylight color scheme in darkness or alter it radically when the lights go out.

I N D A Y L I G H T t w o e f f e c t s a r e pos-

s i b l e — u n t i n t e d f l u o r e s c e n t p a i n t s in

t h e i r n a t u r a l c o l o r s (1) or fluores-

cent p a i n t s t i n t e d to yield a p p r o x i -

m a t e l y the saiTie colors u n d e r v i s i b l e

light a s u n d e r u l t r a - v i o l e t ( 2 ) .

IN D A R K N E S S both t y p e s w i l l glow

In a w i d e range of colora. While

p a i n t s s h o w n here a r e f l u o r e s c e n t ,

p h o s p h o r e s c e n t s will y i e l d t h e s a m e

general effect though in a some-

w h a t n a r r o w e r color r a n g e .

25
All photos courtesy Nnu Jersey Zinc Co.
COLONIAL INN at Avalon. Pa., is illuininated solely

by fluorescent murals and n fluotescent-painted ceiling

w i t h i t s f l u o r e s c e n t s t a r s . D e s p i t e the f a c t t h a t the s y s t e m

yields only about half a footcandle illumination, time

e x p o s u r e of film shows that dark-adjusted eye c a n see

quite well. Room's popularity i n d i c a t e s t h a t the younger

set l i k e s the g e n e r a l effect.

LIGHT
RACS
MURAL SURFACE
DETAIL OF MURALS painted by Frances M. Munn

(below) shows t h a t fluorescent a r t i s t s ' paints permit color

and detail approximating that of ordinary pigments.

PARABaiC
REFLECTOR-' I A l t h o u g h t h e s e tube p a i n t s c a n be m i x e d on p a l e t t e , manu-

facturers recommend factory-mixed p a i n t s for l a r g e a r e a s

SECTION SECTION to g u a r a n t e e good d i s p e r s i o n of l u m i n e s c e n t pigments.

250 WATT EH4 HIGH PRESSURE

MERCURY VAPOR LAMP

l4'-0'

RAISED PLATFORM—i 4 0 WATT F L U O R E S C E N T

^ ^ - ^ 3 6 0 BL, ULTRAVIOLET TUBE
(. A'-O'.: .r

PLAN

BLACK LIGHT INSTALLATION e m p l o y s a s e r i e s of 250 w . high p r e s s u r e

m e r c u r y a r c floods w i t h u.v. filter, each flanked by t w o 40 w . t u b u l a r black

light lamps. L i g h t s a r e c o n c e a l e d in a s q u a r e c o v e a t the b a s e of the vault:

t h e i r e f f i c i e n c y could h a v e been i m p r o v e d w i t h p a r a b o l i c r e f l e c t o r (top right).

126 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 t o t a l l y d i f f e r e n t effects are desired under visi-
ble a n d i n v i s i b l e l i g b t . one o u t f i t is a l x u i t t o
l a u n c h a line of f o u r fluorescent colors ( b l u e ,
PHOSPHORESCENT PAINTS eould play important role in any building where sure,
green, y r l l o w a n d r e d ) a l l o f w h i c h w i l l seem swift movement in dark is an important safety factor.
wiiite i n d a y l i g h t .
Since the p i g m e n t s are cbemically "com-
p a t i b l e " w i t h <me another, i t is possible to m i x
t h e m ( i n e i t h e r p o w d e r o r p a i n t f o r m ) t o pro-
duce a v a r i e t y of i n t e r m e d i a t e colors. For
Miuial p a i n t i n g , such m i x i n g w o u l d obviously
have to take place u n d e r b l a c k l i g h t . A n d f o r
broad w a l l surfaces (as opposed to m u r a l s )
i c a d y - n i i x f d colors ixrt' advisable to guarantee
••v«'n dispt-rsion of I be p i g m e n t .

PHOSPHORESCENTS HAVE THE AFTERGLOW

Most of what has been said about the
fluorescent pigments applies e q u a l l y to the
lilin^pliorescent. These l a t t e r , b e i n g chemi- SAFETY DEVICES AND HIDDEN HAZARDS BOTH BECOME VISIBLE IN DARKNESS . . .
c a l l y k i n to the fluorescents, have m u c h the
same f o r m , colors a n d p r o p e r t i e s . T h e y have,
of course, the s t r i k i n g l y d i f f e r e n t p r o p e r t i e s of
(1) r e s p o n d i n g to v i s i b l e as w e l l as i n v i s i b l e
l i g h t a n d ( 2 ) of g l o w i n g a f t e r the l i g h t source
is removed or e x t i n g u i s h e d . T h e l e n g t h and
i n t e n s i t y o f t h i s a f t e r g l o w varies f r o m one pig-
ment to a n o t h e r as w e l l as w i t h the a m o u n t of
l i g h t to w h i c h i t has been exposed. T h e rate
at which the a f t e r g l o w decays also varies.
Some of t h e m are v i s i b l e to d a r k - a d a p t e d eyes
as l o n g as ten hours a f t e r l i g h t is e x t i n g u i s h e d ;
a l l o f t h e m w i l l be f a i r l y b r i g h t f o r one hour.
T h i s p r o p e r t y of a f t e r g l o w is w h a t p r o b a b l y
dictates the p r i n c i p a l a r c h i t e c t u r a l a p p l i c a t i o n WHEN OUTLINED WITH PHOSPHORESCENT PAINTS, T A P E OR P L A S T I C S
of the phospborescents—their use i n safety
w o r k (exit m a r k e r s i n case of p o w e r f a i l u r e ,

I
etc.). They have another interesting possi-
b i l i t y , h o w e v e r — n a m e l y , that t h e y c o u l d be
used instead of o r d i n a r y paints to s u p p l e m e n t
or r e i n f o r c e the c o l o r s of rooms designed to be
seen u n d e r n o r m a l l i g h t . W h i l e o f secondary
i m p o r t a n c e fr<mi a l i g h t i n g s t a n d p o i n t , this ap-
p l i c a t i o n m i g h t y i e l d h i g h l y decorative effects.

I n any event, the chances are that lumines-

cent surfaces w i l l always be supplementary
l i g h t i n g tools. T l n ) u g h it is t e c h n i c a l l y possi-
b l e to l i g h t rooms e n t i r e l y w i t h luminescent
paints, i t w i l l p r o b a b l y be at very low levels o f
i l l u m i n a t i o n . F l u o r e s c e n t lamps use the same
p r i n c i p l e of c o n v e r t i n g u l t r a - v i o l e t rays i n t o
v i s i b l e l i g h t a n d do i t e f f i c i e n t l y . B u t i n the
lamp the fluorescent pigment is directly
exposed to the u l t r a - v i o l e t o f the arc whereas
a fluorescent-painted w a l l w o u l d o n l y receive
that portion of ultra-violet which passes
t h r o u g h glass a n d , except i n the most expen-
sive q u a r t z tubes, t h i s is f a i r l y l o w .

T h e r e a l potentials of fluorescent p a i n t are v a u l t w h i c h carries a r o w of 40 w. t u b u l a r a m a t t e r of f a c t , since u n l i k e the fluorescents

g r a p h i c a l l y d e m o n s t r a t e d i n the m a i n r o o m o f b l a c k l i g h t l a m p s a l t e r n a t i n g w i t h a 250 w. they r e q u i r e no special l i g h t source, phosphor-
the C o l o n i a l I n n at A v a l o n . Pa. ( f a c i n g p a g e ) . m e r c u r y arc flood equipped w i t h u.v. filter. escent p a i n t or even i m p r e g n a t e d tape can
H e r e is a v a u l t e d h a l l 60 f t . w i d e a n d 105 f t . SAFETY PAINT p r o v i d e m a r k i n g s almost anywhere.
l o n g , e n t i r e l y l i t by l u m i n o u s p a i n t . I t s t r u e , Any h o t e l , theater, restaurant or school T h o u g h the new luminescents have proved
the l i g h t i n g level is l o w — . 5 4 f.c. near the w a l l s , where a p o w e r f a i l u r e m i g h t e x t i n g u i s h an [Link] long-lived a n d stable, they w i l l u l t i
.40 f.c. on the dance floor. B u t menus can be e x i t s i g n at the precise m o m e n t when it is most m a t e l y wear out. N o one yet k n o w s e x a c t l y
r e a d a n d dance partners recognized a n d the n e e d e d ; or any house w i t h a s t a i r w a y or s h a r p when. U n d e r c e r t a i n c o n d i t i o n s o f exposure
teen age c l i e n t e l e seems to l i k e i t very m u c h . change i n floor levels between rooms—-indeed, simie of the p i g m e n t s are s u b j e c t to a p h o t o ,
In addition to the 12 large fluorescent any b u i l d i n g where safe a n d s w i f t movement i n chemical reaction called "light-darkening"
m u r a l panels, the a c o u s t i c a l l y - t r e a t e d v a u l t e d the d a r k m i g h t be a safety f a c t o r is a p o t e n t i a l w l i i c h s h a r p l y reduces t h e i r luminescence. But
c e i l i n g is also p a i n t e d w i t h deep b l u e fluores- customer f o r the phosphorescent pigments in by and large, they w i l l p e r f o r m j u s t as effec-
cent p a i n t . ( I n its n a t u r a l f o r m , this p i g m e n t one f o r m or another. Phosiihorescent-impreg- t i v e l y as an o r d i n a r y p a i n t . ( F o r l i s t of com-
is w h i t e w i t h a b l u i s h t i n t . ) The entire room natcd plastics c o u l d be f a b r i c a t e d into e x i t mercial sources of luminescent paints and
is l i g h t e d by a cove at the s p r i n g l i n e of the signs, door knobs and m e d i c i n e cabinets. As black l i g h t e q u i p m e n t , t u r n to p. 166.)

127
INTERLOCKING METAL FRAME used with nght-welght insulating panels in economical new modular structural system.

T h i s now .stock house is b u i k a r o u n d t w o ideas,

a n d , essentially, two m a t e r i a l s . Neither are
b r a n d n e w : a l i g h t metal f r a m e , w i t h light-
weight insulating materials clothing that
f r a m e . T h e s t r u c t u r e is a l u m i n u m e x t r u s i o n s ;
the i n s u l a t i n g m a t e r i a l is D u r i s o l . Using a
m o d u l a r system f o r f a b r i c a t i n g the f r a m e and
wall units. D r . H a i g Galijikian expects to
make a v a i l a b l e not o n l y c o m p l e t e u n i t s s u c h
as the house p i c t u r e d here, b u t w i l l f u r n i s h
sectii>ns a n d w a l l s easily usable i n any plan
L i g h t w e i g h t j o i s t s a r e placed e v e r y 40 i n . ( a b o v e ) . Chan-
figured on m u l t i p l e s of 20 a n d 4 0 i n . A d v a n -
nel s e c t i o n s a r e laid on f o o t i n g s . Channels h a v e a clip
l a ^ f s are i n cost, w h i c h is l o w , and i n speed
attachment ( r i g h t ) e v e r y 40 in. w h i c h c l a m p s on to t h e
nl c i i i i s t r u c t i o n . w h i c h is great. P r i c e of a
joist a n d a socket a r m directly above to hold t h e s t u d .
complete 5-r(«)m house constructed with S i m i l a r c h a n n e l s e c t i o n s a r e used for p a r t i t i o n s .
m a t e r i a l s by H a i g House I n c . — t h e company
name—is estimated by G a l i j i k i a n to be no
more i h a n SH.<)()(). Tiii^ price a l l o w s l U per
weight precost building panel-
cent p r o f i t f o r the b u i l d e r and a $500 allow- >• •

ance f o r the lot. The first house e m p l o y i t i f i metol stud

the company's s t r u c t u r a l system was erected

at N o r t h H a l e d o n . .N. J . r e c e n t l y , i n the f a s t
time—after foundations—of
.Sponsors ex|K-( l lhat the t i m e f(U' erection of
52 man days.
;•.<
ihis first H a i g House w i l l be bettered consider-
ably when crews have a c q u i r e d more e x p e r i -
CORNliR JOINT EXT.-INT JT WINDOW
ENTR. DR. JAMB
ence.

The house, although the final picture

scan idy indicates this, does r e j i r c s e n t a pro-
gressive c o m p r o m i s e i n the k n o t t \ p r o b l e m of
p r e f a b r i c a t i o n . T h i s specimen is i n c h a r a c t e r
a single story Riverside C h u r c h , w i t h stone
veneer a p p l i e d on a metal f r a m e o f a very After c h a n n e l s are leveled, a l u m i n u m studs
prosaic desi-in. Hut l l i n e is n o t h i n g i n the are placed in s o c k e t s w h i c h s e t 31/2 i n . above
nature of the s t r u c t u r a l f a b r i c a t i o n or the way the channel. Studs fit tightly in sockets.

it w i l l be m a r k e t e d w h i c h w i l l l i m i t designers. T o n g u e a n d grooved D u r i s o l p a n e l s t h e n slide

in b e t w e e n s t u d d i n g a s do w i n d o w s .
And m u c h o f the speed of (•om|)l«'li- p r e f a b r i c a -
t i o n w i l l be a v a i l a b l e to t h e m i n t h i s c o m b i n a -
t i o n of m o d e r n i n d u s t r i a l m a t e r i a l s .

T h e heaviest metal [Link] is a l u m i n u m i n .081

thickness i n K . % 1 T a l l o y , e x c e p t i o n a l l y h i g h W a l l s e c t i o n s a r e locked t o g e t h e r at t h e top
in tensile s t r e n g t h . N e a r l y 90 per cent of a l l with an extruded a l u m i n u m c a p piece that

a l u m i n u m used in the special e x t r u s i o n s are r e s t s on s t u d s . Load bearing partitions are

erected using the same channel, stud and
in c r u c i f o r m or s e m i - c r u c i f o r m shapes f o r
D u r i s o l block c o n s t r u c t i o n .
-iriK i u r a l strength. Total number of parts
g o i n g i n t o the constructions o f a 5-room shell
will not exceed 500. .\11 bolts, nuts, nails,
screws, and p i n s i n the t o t a l c o n s t r u c t i o n of
the house m a y be held in the p a l m of one h a n d .
A l u m i n u m roof t r u s s e s , w e i g h i n g only 80 l b s . ,
D i s t r i b u t i o n of H a i g houses w i l l be t h r o u g h
fit on top of c a p m e m b e r s , drop d o w n in lock
licensed State dealers. C o m p l e t e skeletons f o r s e c t i o n s e v e r y 40 i n . Prefabricated stiffeners
15 or 20 houses w i l l be a v a i l a b l e , and each w i l l are installed and the roof is s h e a t h e d and
be p r i c e d w i t h e i t h e r D u r i s o l or P e r l i t e w a l l s . roofed w i t h a s p h a l t s h i n g l e s .
.\ packaged 5-room shell, s i m i l a r t o t h e one
i l l u s t r a t e d , w i l l sell f o r $3,620. T h e package
w i l l include floor joists, w a l l s , r o o f trusses,
floor, c e i l i n g a n d r o o f slabs, w i n d o w s , doors
and t r i m .
T h e p a r e n t company, H a i g House I n c . of
A b e r d e e n , M d . , w i l l s u p p l y i t s v a r i o u s dealers
w i t h patented H a i g House s t r u c t u r a l m e m b e r s
and necessary e q u i p m e n t . These dealers w i l l
be f r e e to s u p p l y any f o r m of service they
desire, whether i t be sale of the packaged
house to i n d i v i d u a l s or b u i l d e r s , or erection of C e m e s t o is laid d i r e c t l y on j o i s t s . Over these
ilie house. H a i g House I n c . expects to s u i ) j i l y a reinforced concrete floor is poured which
ten [Link] each week t h r o u g h 1948. I n 1949 t i e s t h e floor a n d w a l l t o g e t h e r . W o o d block
plans c a l l f o r p r o d u c t i o n of 20 Inmies a day. flooring is c e m e n t e d o v e r c o n c r e t e s u b - f l o o r .

128 The Architectural FORUM June 1948

 SEMI-STRUCTURAL BUILDING PANEL has insulating and noise
Other wall materials reducing qualities, speeds erection, lowers building costs.
can be u s e d . House,
F i r s t m a n u f a c t u r e d i n B e l g i u m a n d used over a p e r i o d of ten years
r i g h t . In t h i r d d a y .
in S w i t z e r l a n d . D u r i s o l is n o w m a k i n g its i n i t i a l d e b u t i n the U . S.
M a n u f a c t u r e d here by D u r i s o l , I n c . of N e w Y o r k , the m u l t i - p u r p o s e ,
s e m i - s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l is made of c h e m i c a l l y treated w o o d shav-
ings w h i c h are m i . \ e d w i t h cement a n d shaped u n d e r pressure i n t o
panels, slabs and blocks. Lightweight, fire-resistant and proof
against d e t e r i o r a t i o n , the new p r o d u c t combines the workability
of w o o d w i t h the d u r a b i l i t y of concrete. A 2 i n . t h i c k D i u ' i s o l slab is
said to have the i n s u l a t i o n value of a 10 i n . b r i c k w a l l and to be an
excellent s o u n d p n i o f i n g m a t e r i a l . I t weighs o n l y 35 l b s . per c u . f t . ,
has a K f a c t o r of .75 and a noise coefficient of .65.
Veneer, stone here, D u r i s o l is most c o m m o n l y used i n panel f o r m . A v a i l a b l e i n v a r i -
can also v a r y w i t h ous s t a n d a r d panel sizes i n thicknesses f r o m 2 to 5 i n . , the u n i t s are
owners' wishes. tongue and grooved on the l o n g sides and can be n a i l e d , d r i l l e d and
c u t w i t h a saw. T h e y are easily erected u s i n g i m p r e g n a t e d f e l t o r
mastic to assure w a t e r p r o o f j o i n t s . I f desired, they can be pre-coated
at the f a c t o r y w i t h cement or plaster to reduce on-the-site costs.
T h e new s e m i - s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l has a m u l t i t u d e o f a p p l i c a t i o n s
and can be used w i t h e i t h e r w o o d , steel, concrete or a l u m i n u m f r a m e -
work. Panels are suitable f o r i n s u l a t i n g w a l l s , p a r t i t i o n s , r o o f i n g
and f l o o r i n g , e x t e r i o r w a l l s a n d acoustical ceihngs. Constructed dry,
floor and c e i l i n g slabs may be placed between the j o i s t s on battens
or n a i l e d , screwed o r bolted to f r a m e c o n s t r u c t i o n . I n e x t e r i o r w a l l s
Completed Haig house. D u r i s o l may be u.'*ed w i t h wood posts and battens, b o l t e d to s t a n d a r d
D e s i g n e r is T h e o d o r e steel studs o r h e l d w i t h concealed studs as i n the H a i g House.
W. Dominick.

LOW-PRICE SLIDING CLOSET PANELS are slmply fabricated of composition board reinforced with steel tubing.

T h i s s l i d i n g w a l l panel f o r closets, designed

to save w a l l and floor space, is a i m e d n o t p r i -
m a r i l y at the lavish r e s i d e n t i a l field, the usual
site of such l u x u r y i n s t a l l a t i o n s , b u t at the
m e d i u m a n d l o w cost h o u s i n g m a r k e t . Fab-
ricated o f M a s o n i t e panels a p p r o x i m a t e l y
S/4 eptn stem
itcal tub* ovtrheod in. thick, 2 x 8 f t . , the s l i d i n g panels are
irock
r e i n f o r c e d l o n g i t u d i n a l l y by o p e n seam steel
tubing. Oilite bearing sheaves c a r r y them,
n m n i n g on a c h a n n e l t r a c k w h i c h is i n s t a l l e d

prtatad
s i m p l y on the closet s i l l , and the panel tops
tlbvr-bd. slide i n a s t a n d a r d o v e r h e a d guide screwed
door to the l i n t e L
sl««l tube
Of an u n u s u a l l y u n c o m p U c a t e d design f o r
s u c h i n s t a l l a t i o n s , the panels w e r e designed
by Charles K . A g l e , o f the N e w Y o r k a r c h i -
tectural firm, Harrison, Ballard & Allen.
Grant Pulley & Hardware Co. of Woodside,
N. Y . developed the b e a r i n g sheave. T h e pre-
shtovc assembled w a l l panels are e q u i p p e d w i t h t h e i r
1 /4"wheel diom.
r e i n f o r c i n g and sheaves and are p r e c o a t e d by
fabricators. S h i p p e d to the j o b w i t h fittings,
f I c o r track
t h e i r i n s t a l l a t i o n is a q u i c k , s i m p l e matter.

Considerable money savings result in the

SF CTIQ N avoidance o f the u s u a l f r a m i n g a n d p l a s t e r i n g
over the closet o p e n i n g , a c o m p a r a t i v e l y costly
operation. Closet door installation pictured
here costs a p p r o x i m a t e l y $ 2 1 , i n c l u d i n g panels,
w i t h sheaves, top guides, and t r a c k .

129
 KNOCK-DOWN GIASS PARTITIONS and picture windows built easily with new mechanically-eonnected aluminum frames.

A l u m i n u m f r a m e sections f a c e d w i t h t e m p e r e d
glass panes are used to assemble the " T e m p r e x
Livingwall," a new d e v e l o p m e n t with some
i n t e r e s t i n g uses envisaged already. Used as
iiilerinr [Link]- .ind {larlilions and "pieturc
windows" the self supporting blocks lock
together m e c h a n i c a l l y and may be d e m o i m t e d
easily f o r complete salvage.
Each Temprex b l o c k is a composite unit
c o n s i s t i n g of a die cast a l u m i n u m f r a m e 20 i n .
s q u a r e a n d 3 % i n . deep, w i t h t w o panes of
7 / 3 2 i n . T e m p r e x glass 1 9 % i n . square. One
of the panes is p e r m a n e n t l y sealed i n t o the
f r a m e at the f a c t o r y , p r o v i d i n g a t i g h t j o i n t
An uncomplicated release fitting allows
r e m o v a l of the pane on the other side.
T h e t o u f i h glass used i n the sections was
developed d u r i n g the w a r . I t is engineered t o
s u p p o r t a l m o s t five times as m u c h w e i g h t as
o r d i n a r y glass, a n d also has a h i g h resistance
to i m p a c t , c l a i m e d to be seven times greater
t h a n o r d i n a r y glass.
C o l o r s a n d p a t t e r n s c a n be fired o n the h a r d
surface, and i n one of the m o r e spectacular
uses of the panels, electrical outlets are
i n s t a l l e d i n the c a v i t y w i t h i n the t w o glass
surfaces. T h e s u r f a c e s are thus t r a n s f o r m e d
REMOVABLE GLASS PANE a l l o w s a c c e s s to i n t e r i o r of d o u b l e - p a n e s e c t i o n , a b o v e l e f t . In p i c t u r e to r i g h t ,
virtually into a lighting fixture—with the glass
e a s y a s s e m b l i n g of t h e s e c t i o n s into w a l l s of d i f f e r e n t s i z e s is d e m o n s t r a t e d . No c e m e n t or p u t t y is
r e q u i r e d . F a s t e n i n g is m e c h a n i c a l , a n d w a l l c a n be d e m o u n t e d e a s i l y f o r c o m p l e t e s a l v a g e . w a l l not o n l y t r a n s m i t t i n g l i g h t , but o r i g i n a t -
ing i t . B u l b replacement is s i m p l e , w i t h the
removable panes. W h e n the w i r e d w a l l is used
as a p a r t i t i o n between t w o rooms, i t of course
serves to p r o v i d e i l l u m i n a t i o n i n b o t h .
SIX-SECTION WALL below is e x a m p l e of u s e a s i n t e r i o r One a p p l i c a t i o n emphasized by the manu-
w a l l or p a r t i t i o n . L i g h t i n g m a y be i n s t a l l e d i n s i d e w a l l .
f a c t u r e r s , A p p l e m a n A r t Glass C o . o f B e r g e n -
field, N. J., is the a d a p t a b i l i t y of the t w o t h i c k -
ness glass w a l l t o d e c o r a t i v e w i n d o w areas
VENTS such as stained glass l i t u r g i c a l w i n d o w s .
T h e " L i v i n g w a l l s " are s t i f f , self s u p p o r t i n g
RAILS
u n i t s w h i c h can be assembled w i t h o u t t h e use
• CAULKING
of any c e m e n t i n g agent. S i m p l e i n t e r l o c k i n g
W - T E H H P R E X DUO-PANE
devices, a» i n t e g r a l p a r t o f the f r a m e struc-
STRUCTURAL BLOCK
t u r e , j o i n b l o c k s together b o t h v e r t i c a l l y and
horizontal
HEAD a J A M B S E C T I O N

MPREX D U O - P A N E
BLOCK

CAULKING
FLASHING
RAILS
TRIM
VENTS

LIGHTING
UNIT

SILL SECTION

Lionel Freedman:
Pictorial Services

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

130
 for
More

That's the No. 1 Plank in the Ro-Way Platform

We adopted it in 1908.

We've been running on it ever since.

Must be pretty sound, too.

OVERHEAD TYPE Each year Ro-Way has rolled along to record

DOORS breaking popularity.

It has carried every state in the Union

most cities and towns, too.

In your classified telephone direaory you will find

the name of the Ro-Way Distributor.

He's as popular as Ro-Way Doors . . and just as proud as

we are of the No. 1 Plank in the Ro-Way Platforrn.

When we say we design and build Ro-Ways to give

"Better service for more years", he backs us up by
installing them so they will givt you "just that".

On any t i c k e t c a l l i n g f o r o v e r h e a d type
doors, m a r k "Ro-\5f^ay". Y o u ' l l
p i c k a w i n n e r every t i m e .

Rowe Manufacturing Company, 937 Holton St, Galesburg, lllinnis, 0.S./1

13
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• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • a a new kind of w i n d o w screen
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • i
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • A
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mmmmmmw
mmmmmf
mmmuw
mmmmi
mmmw
mmmr-"' A L U M I N U M T E N S I O N SCREEN
::;
mul——^

offers more
costs less
# q u i c k d e l i v e r y of a l l s t a n d a r d s i z e s
# i n s t a l l e d from inside in a few m i n u t e s
# p r e s e n t a v e r a g e r e t a i l price a b o u t $ 4 . 0 0
# simple aluminum design—no costly repairs
# low u p k e e p — n o p a i n t i n g , no s t a i n s , no rust
EBIB

Are screening problems stalling your building projects?

E BBBBfc
BBBBB
BBBBBL
If so, you can finish the job now with a new-type, high quality window
screen that saves you up to dollors-per-screen in initial cost alone!
Durall Aluminum Tension Screens are installed easily and quickly from
the inside. Durall's sound all-metal construction eliminates costly repairs
—it's light, flexible, has no side frames—comes complete with hardware
IBBBBBBBBB^BB .•••••••BBBBBBBBBBBB^
IBBBBBBBBBIBB •••BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBIBBk ready to install. Patented devices keep it taut and trim and permit
BBBBBBBBBBB
iBBBBBBBBBiBBBBBiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ -^•••••••••> window washing without removing screen. There's no painting, no rusting,
IBIBBBBBBBIBBBBBBBBBIBBBBBBBBB' BBBBBBt
••••••••••••••••BHBHaHHBBHBBB' • • • • • • B no staining. Here are economies for owner and builder alike!
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • f
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IBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBl You can depend on Durall. The manufacturer has been making fine
IBBBBBBBBBIBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

'bSS!!:!!!^ '^BBBBBBBBk p|
,:::::! screening for more than 50 years. Local FHA offices have approved
Durall in every test wherever submitted.
V J
BBBBBBBB See your local hardware or building supply dealer, or write us. Dept.
• BBrS^BBBBI
• S i ' BBFJllBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB AF-6, for complete information on Durall Tension Screens today.
nBBBBBBBBlk
hBBBBBBBBB BB This l i t t l e s l i d e d e v i c e on t o p b a r BBA
•BBBBBBBBk allows e a s y inside installation or r e l e a s e .
• B. • B B
IBBBBBBBBBIBB - B B B B l ' This patented catch with thumb screw on FOR DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS
B B B B B B B B B l B B B B B B B B B B B Bbottom
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BBBBBBBBBIBBBBBBflBflBBBBB|||B||B|M

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NEW YORK WIRE CLOTH C O M P A N Y :\V.\'^.'^'Z'i <o..

 WORLDS
URGEST

.«™[Link]«»PER»T««s

Locker plant operators, meat packers, brew- and will not retain odors, ofi'ers no food for
ers, and frozen food processors can profit by rodents or vermin. This basic material is fur-
the experience of the Army Air Forces at the ther processed into forms that meet the de-
Eglin Field Climatic Hangar in Florida. sign and application specifications of the archi-
There Fiberglas* Thermal Insulations were tects, refrigeration engineers and contractors
used to hold temperatures ranging as low as engaged in this type of building construction.
70° F . below zero!—and up to 165° F. above
You'll find profitable reading in the story
zero.
of the Eglin Field installation, contained in the
The high insulating efficiency of Fiberglas two folders illustrated above—and "Fiber-
Insulations results from the countless tiny glas Low-Temperature Insulations". Ask for
air spaces enclosed in a light-weight, wool- forms B-47-16, 1-47-5 and 1-47-3. Owens-
like blanket of long, fine fibers of glass—a Coming Fiberglas Corporation, Dept. 830.
material that will not rot or decay, is odorless Toledo 1, Ohio. Branches in principal cities.
In Canada: Fiberglas Canada Ltd., Toronto. Ontario

'Fiberglas is the trade-

mark ( R e g . U. S. P a l . O W E N S - C O R N I N G 1
Off.) for a variety of

F i b e r g l a s
products mode of or
with glass fibers by
O w e n s - C o r n i n g Fiber-
LOW TEMPERATURE
glas Corporation.
INSULATIONS

33
 IVilliam LefHvicli
be f o r m e d by methods a p p l i c a b l e to s t a n d a r d a c r y l i c sheeting,
FLEXIBLE PORCELAIN ENAMELED S T E E L WALL COVER-
i s s u p p l i e d i n red o r green c o l o r s i n s t a n d a r d size sheets u p t o
ING is suitable for new or remodeling work.
36 X 60 i n . , i n thicknesses of .060 i n . , .125 i n . , .187 i n . and
Described as a p o r c e l a i n " w a l l - p a p e r , " M i r a w a l is a new
.250 i n .
porcelain enameled steel w a l l c o v e r i n g t h a t is so flexible it
Manufacturer: R o h m & H a a s Co.. 222 W . W a s h i n g t o n Square,
can be r o l l e d i n t o c o i l s w i t h a m i n i m u m r a d i u s o f 6 i n . w i t h -
o u t damage to the m a t e r i a l . M a d e of 32 gauge steel w h i c h P h i l a d e l p h i a , Pa.
has been enameled, i t is s u p p l i e d i n coils 100 f t . l o n g by 16 i n .
w i d e and is a v a i l a b l e i n b l a c k , w h i t e , g r a y , i v o r y , l i g h t green
STAINLESS STEEL GUTTERS and SPOUTS are strong and
and b l u e . The new m a t e r i a l is l i g h t w e i g h t , h e a t a n d a c i d
corrosion resistant, need little maintenance.
resistant and proof against rust, moisture, discoloration,
r o d e n t and insect pests. A c t u a l l y a m e d i u m - p r i c e d ) v a l l cover- R e p u b l i c Steel C o r p . is now o f f e r i n g a f u l l l i n e of stainless
i n g t h a t can be used e q u a l l y w e l l i n new c o n s t r u c t i o n o r steel r o o f d r a i n a g e p r o d u c t s
r e m o d e l i n g of homes or stores, its cost runs about 3 5 cents including " K " gutter; plain
a sq. f t . I n s t a l l a t i o n of M i r a w a l is said t o be s i m p l e enough r o u n d , c o r r u g a t e d r o u n d and
that i t can be made b y any t y p e of s k i l l e d c o n s t r u c t i o n l a b o r corrugated square conduc-
and to r e q u i r e o n l y the use of a p a i r of t i n shears, some l o w tor pipe, "Snaptite" eaves
cost special cement and a s p a t u l a , . \ p p l i c a t i o n t o the w a l l s trough and all necessary
of an average size r o o m is r e p o r t e d to take o n l y a f e w hours. fittings. T h e e q u i p m e n t is
T o d a t e M i r a w a l has been used s u c c e s s f u l l y i n k i t c h e n s , l a u n - f a b r i c a t e d f r o m satin finished 28-gauge E n d u r o stainless steel,
dries, r e c r e a t i o n rooms, b a t h r o o m s and garages of homes and t y p e 3 0 1 . S t r o n g e r t h a n o r d i n a r y steel and corrosion-resistant
i n b u t c h e r shops, d a i r i e s , b a k e r i e s a n d c h a i n stores. the m e t a l w i l l n o t t a r n i s h o r rust, needs l i t t l e or n o m a i n -
tenance and does not bleed or d i s c o l o r p a i n t on s u r r o u n d i n g
Manufacturer: B a l t i m o r e P o r c e l a i n Steel C o r p . . P . 0 . B o x
surfaces. I t can be easily soldered a n d m a y be p a i n t e d i f
928, B a l t i m o r e 3, M d .
desired.
Holmes I. Metlee
Manufacturer: B e r g e r M f g . D i v i s i o n , R e p u b l i c Steel C o r p . ,
THICK PLASTIC LAMINATES have many structural and 1038 B e l d o n A v e . , N . E . . C a n t o n 15, O h i o .
industrial applications.
N e v a m a r i s a t o u g h , m a r p r o o f , h i g h pressure l a m i n a t e t h a t
FLOOR PAINT gives linoleum-like finish to wood, concrete
is p r o d u c e d i n 48 x 54 i n . sheets, i n thicknesses r a n g i n g f r o m
or metal.
V% t o % i n . E x t r e m e l y v e r s a t i l e , i t is finished o n one o r b o t h
sides a n d can be used f o r w a l l p a n e l i n g , w a i n s c o t i n g , t o i l e t A c c o r d i n g to r e p o r t s , one l i b e r a l coat o f P a v i n o l e u m floor
p a r t i t i o n s , r e f r i g e r a t o r s , b o t t l e coolers, etc. T h e n e w m a t e r i a l p a i n t w i l l produce a d u r a b l e l i n o l e u m - l i k e p r o t e c t i n g cover

is d u r a b l e and r i g i d even i n the % i n . thickness. I t is said on w o o d , concrete, l i n o l e u m , stone, m a s o n r y o r m e t a l t h a t w i l l

t o show n o a p p r e c i a b l e f a d i n g a f t e r 100 hrs. o f Fade-ometer w i t h s t a n d b o t h i n d o o r a n d o u t d o o r use. A p p l i e d b y b r u s h , the

new fluid i s spread t h i c k l y e n o u g h to cover c r a c k s i n floor-
exposure and to r e t a i n its super-hard, h i g h l y abrasion resis-
boards or i r r e g u l a r i t i e s i n concrete. I t d r i e s evenly t h r o u g h -
t a n t , s a t i n - l i k e finish d u r i n g years o f h a r d use. N e v a m a r is
o u t a n d can be w a x e d f r o m t i m e to t i m e t o p r o l o n g i t s l u s t r o u s
also h i g h l y resistant to p e n e t r a t i o n a n d a b s o r p t i o n of mois-
finish. A l k a l i , s a l t w a t e r and a c i d resistant, the n e w m a t e r i a l
ture. N o n - p o r o u s a n d c h e m i c a l l y i n e r t , i t is n o t a f f e c t e d by
is a v a i l a b l e i n t w o types, i n e i g h t c o l o r s . O n e g a l l o n covers
d i r t , grease, a l c o h o l , d i l u t e acids or a l k a h e s , i n k o r o t h e r s i m i -
f r o m 150 t o 400 sq. f t . d e p e n d i n g on the s u r f a c e . Type L
l a r f o r e i g n m a t t e r , is h i g h l y resistant t o b o i l i n g w a t e r a n d
P a v i n o l e u m , f o r use o n w o o d o r l i n o l e u m , r e t a i l s f o r $6.65
b u r n i n g cigarettes. T h e new laminates can be machined,
per g a l . T y p e C f o r concrete, stone, or m e t a l r e t a i l s f o r $6.95.
d r i l l e d o r sawed.

Manufacturer: The National Plastic Products Co., Oden- Manufacturer: P a v i n o l e u m I n c . , 342 M a d i s o n A v e . , N e w

ton, M d . York, N . Y.

FLUORESCENT PLASTIC is self-illuminating. FOAMGLAS PIPE INSULATION can be used for both hot
and cold lines, indoor and outdoor applications.
Described by the manufacturer as having "built-in edge-
l i g h t i n g , " D a y l i g h t F l u o r e s c e n t P l e x i g l a s is a new fluorescent W h e n i n s t a l l e d a c c o r d i n g to the m a n u f a c t u r e r ' s specifications,
f o r m of acrylic plastic that glows under its o w n power. U p o n Foamglas p i p e i n s u l a t i o n is r e p o r t e d to be usable t h r o u g h
exposure to d a y l i g h t o r n o r m a l r o o m i l l u m i n a t i o n i t produces temperature ranges f r o m minus 2 0 0 ° F . to plus 8 0 0 ° F. f o r
edge-lighted effects o r d i n a r i l y o b t a i n e d by d i r e c t i n g l i g h t i n t o both indoor and outdoor applications. It is said to be

the edge of a c r y l i c m a t e r i a l . T h e new p l a s t i c is i m p r e g n a t e d especially suitable as a p i p e p r o t e c t o r i n processing i n d u s t r i e s

with millions of fluorescent dye particles. Each particle, w h e r e exact t e m p e r a t u r e c o n t r o l is r e q u i r e d , w h e t h e r heat

i s t o be r e t a i n e d o r e x c l u d e d , w i t h its cost o n a n a n n u a l basis
when struck by light rays e n t e r i n g the fluorescent sheet,
r u n n i n g less t h a n t h a t of other i n s u l a t i o n s . T h e new p r o d u c t
reflects the light in a l l directions. These reflected rays,
retains its o r i g i n a l i n s u l a t i n g efficiency p e r m a n e n t l y . Com-
trapped within the polished sheet, travel through it by
posed of the same m a t e r i a l and possessing the same charac-
repeated i n t e r i o r - s u r f a c e r e f l e c t i o n s t o the edges, w h e r e t h e y
t e r i s t i c s as F o a m g l a s b l o c k s and slabs, i t is u n a f f e c t e d b y
escape i n a h i g h c o n c e n t r a t i o n of fluorescent light. Similarly,
h u m i d i t y , is h i g h l y resistant to f u m e s , v a p o r s , a c i d atmos-
letters and designs c a r v e d i n t o or p a i n t e d on one s u r f a c e of
pheres a n d many o t h e r elements w h i c h cause other m a t e r i a l s
the sheet are o u t l i n e d i n the same b r i l l i a n t c o l o r that charac-
to lose t h e i r i n s u l a t i n g value. N o n - c o m b u s t i b l e , i t acts as
terizes the edges. The new D a y l i g h t Fluorescent Plexiglas
a fire-retardant. I n a d d i t i o n i t is w a t e r p r o o f a n d v a p o r p r o o f .
has m a n y a p p l i c a t i o n s , such as f o r signs, d e c o r a t i v e panels,
Foamglas pipe i n s u l a t i o n is (Continued on page 136)
d i a l s , pointers, etc. Shatter-resistant and l i g h t w e i g h t , i t can

134 The Architectural F O R U M June 194 8

T h e N a m e

H O P E ' S G u a r a n t e e s

W I N D O W S '948

Children's Aid Society Building, Buffalo, N. Y.—James W. Kideney, Architect

The friendly exterior of this building The versatility of Hope's Windows

makes the promise that the offices is most helpful to the architect in
it houses are pleasant in which to securing his exterior effects. Hope's
visit or work. The major source of Windows also contribute many ad-
this effect is in the fenestration. vantages to the user of the building
Extreme simplicity in much-^of . . . maximum daylight, controlled
modern architecture would leave ventilation, trustworthy weather-
an impression of severity but for tightness, positive and convenient
the decorative quality of a good operation and a most satisfactory
window layout. long life without upkeep difficulties.

H O P E ' S W I N D O W S , mC, Jamestown, N. Y.

T H E FINEST BUILDINGS T H R O U G H O U T T H E W O R L D ARE FITTED W I T H HOPES WINDOWS

135
 .Strong, r i g i d a n d l i g h t w e i g h t , is easy to c u t a n d fit w i t h ordi-
n a r y tools. I t comes i n t w o e q u a l h a l f sections. 18 i n . l o n g ,
a n d is m a n u f a c t u r e d f o r a l l sizes of p i p e .

REVENT"*
Manufacturer: Pittsburgh Corning Corp., 632 Duquesne
W a y . P i t t s b u r g h , Pa.

THIS!
BOILER UNIT supplies low temperature water for radiant
heating and high temperature domestic water.
A packaged b o i l e r esp>ecially designed f o r use w i t h radiant
h e a t i n g i n s t a l l a t i o n s , Y o r k - S h i p l e y ' s new P B 7 - R i m i t providet-
both l o w t e m p e r a t u r e w a t e r f o r h e a t i n g a n d h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e
water f o r d o m e s t i c use. The l o w temperature compartment
s u p p l i e s p l e n t y of evenly c o n t r o l l e d 1 0 0 ° to 130" F . w a t e r f o r
I f you would prevenl coHlly <lcciiy iikr tin- radiant heating ( n o r m a l water temperature f o r radiant floor
alMi\»- . . . or an- iiil«'r<'>.lril in cffffiin:: In;:
c o i l s ) , o r v a r i e d w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e s f r o m 8 0 ° to 2 0 0 ° F . f o r
Huvill•^» i n li»wcrcd niaintcnancr a n d n-plai r-
inent cot»t» . . . o r i f you're curiouH a b o u t iww h e a t i n g systems u s i n g s t a n d i n g or baseboard r a d i a t i o n . The
a n d ••ffcctive UMCS f o r wood—uws once c-on- rated domestic hot water capacity is 3 gals, per minute.
sidcrfd iiii|M>-.sil(l«'—y<Mi ^llOllid iiivcwli-ialf M o d e l P B 7 - R a c t u a l l y consists of t w o sections: a l o w e r , outer
the many b e n e f i t s o f Pentafhl<)ro|>h«'iiol-
water j a c k e t a n d an u p p e r b o i l e r section. L o w temperature
trcalcd wood.
water f o r the r a d i a n t h e a t i n g coils is t a p p e d f r o m the cooler
!'• III . I ' l d o r o p l i c i K i l - t r r a l f d WIMKI in I I C JIN
outer j a c k e t , w h i l e the h o t t e r u p p e r section s u p p l i e s high-
and l»'rinit«' proleclcti WCMMI that reniaiun
clean and t-any lo l i a n d l c . and iw [>aintal)lr if t e m p e r a t u r e d o m e s t i c w a t e r b y means of a very l o n g , i n s t a n -
the proper nolvent in used. It't* a sound taneous c o i l . A n a i r chamber which accumulates the air
iuvrslini-nl that pay.s dividendh in reilufed released f r o m the w a t e r a n d p r o v i d e s a c u s h i o n f o r the expan-
m a i n t e n a n c e costn. P e n t a e h i o r o p h e n o l -
s i o n of the w a t e r is b u i l t i n t o the t o p of the b o i l e r . T h i s a l l -
Ireateil l u n i h e r larits double and triple tin-
life o f untrealeil luridter. l i s a wine manap-- in-one d e s i g n e l i m i n a t e s the need f o r a separate expansion
ment that Hpecifics Penlarhloropheuol- t a n k as w e l l as the necessity of a separate h o t w a t e r storage
treale<l w o o d ! tank. The new c o m p l e t e l y s e l f - c o n t a i n e d unit (except f o r
oil burner) is made i n t w o sizes f o r m a x i m u m heat o u t p u t
THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
MIDLAND, MICHIGAN of 81,000 a n d 110.000 B T U ' s per h r .
Manufacturer: Y n r k - S h i p l e y I n c . . Y o r k . Pa.

WATER HEATER includes magnesium alloy rod for pro-

tection against corrosion.
Bryant's new Model 115 w a t e r heater
features l o w h e i g h t , s t a n d i n g 5 f t . f r o m
its flat base t o the t o p o f its n e w l y devel-
oped d o w n - d r a f t d i v e r t e r i n the 30 gal- 5
lon size. P r o t e c t i o n against corrosion,
another b i g f e a t u r e o f t h e new m o d e l ,
is provided by the Protect-O-Rod, a
m a g n e s i u m a l l o y r o d w h i c h extends i n t o
the w a t e r f r o m the t o p of the t a n k , tak-
i n g the b r u n t of e l e c t r o - c h e m i c a l c o r r o -
sive a c t i o n i n the w a t e r . The manufac-
t u r e r says one of these r o d s will last
m a n y years, and may then be replaced
w i t h o u t elaborate mechanict^. Because
of t h i s f e a t u r e , the t a n k is b a c k e d w i t h a
ten year p r o t e c t i o n p l a n . C o n s t r u c t e d of heavy gauge steel,
h o t - d i p galvanized, a n d designed to e l i m i n a t e a i r pockets i n
the t o p , the new M o d e l 115 is made i n 20, 30, 40 a n d 50 g a l l o n
sizes, a v a i l a b l e for use with natural, manufactured, and
l i q u i f i e d p e t r o l e u m gases.
Manufacturer: Bryant Heater Co., 17825 St. Clair Ave..
CH£MICAIS [Link]
Cleveland, Ohio.
<;I:T THE FA CTS TO INDUSTRY AND A G R I C U I T U R E
TOD A Y! .Stmd /or iUu»-
Iraled liiiiiklrl lluu iMs
FOUR OIL-FIRED PACKAGED FURNACE UNITS cover 84
lioif l'niitaehl(iriii>liriii>l
rMi miiiiilrniiiui- cofls per cent of home heating requirements.
III UIMHI iiiiialriirlioii.
Auk for BimWrt /•/•. »6. These f o u r new a u t o m a t i c o i l - f i r e d f u r n a c e u n i t s , three com-
pact packaged furnaces and a new c o n v e r s i o n b u r n e r are
designed to cover 8 4 per cent of f Continued on page 140)

13^ The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 rice
the?
P/e

,oKes a Sensational Mew

O n e of o series
^mm\mm Rustproof, at about holf the price of other
gutters
of 4 - c o l o r no-
rustproof materials...Immediate Delivery!
tional odvertise-
rustprooT nm.^
-•— no >tain from rust or corrosion.
ments on the new No painting, no soldering... no stain iVom rust or corrosion
gutters preferred f Ampit strength, to fake a full drainage load. Yet these
by Architects for J Reynolds Lifetime Aluminum Gutters are much lighter on your eaves
.. . 1 10-foot length weighs only about pounds! Complete with
choice of design downspouts and accessories Choice of Colonial box type or
. . . by Builders for half-round design. Stt your loail iu[>plitr noti! Or write for literature.
eose of handling Rt-ynolds Metals Company, Building Products Divituin. Louisville 1, Kentucky
and application...
by Owners for op- [Link]) rtn ALMAOY SOLO ANO O U I V I R C O I

p«arance« perform- MAOt k V THI WOILO'S lAROIST PRODUCCR Of ALUMINUM lUILOINC PNODUCTSi

ance and price! Clapboard Siding, Shinglei. Sh»t Roofing and Siding, Windowi, Woll rda. Roflac.
liva Inmlolion, Alumi-Oromo" IprofabricoUd oflllly building)
I t r N O l O S nOHtflHO MAOt A t U M I H l I M C O M n i l l l V f . t A U t AOVANIOOl O f ITl

More than 15,000,000 feet a l r e a d y s o l d !

Write for illustrated A. I. A. File brochure!
REYNOLDS METALS COMPANY, BUILDING PRODUCTS DIVISION
NEW I
0. G. STY IE Louisville 1, Ky.—Offices in 32 principal cities

37
 Take it from
LEVITT a n d S o n s

Here comes Levittown!

! i \ i n i : e u m f u r t a h l e a n d ea.-\ j.'oin<: h y t a k i i i i r t l i e elitires
"Six thoiisanil in-w ilreaiii lioiiifs ^oiiif; up in Louis
I s l a n d i n one of tlx- nut>l anil>iiioii« lioine-iMiililiiii: o u t o f r n n n i n j i a h o m e . ' I ' i i a t ^oes f o r et)ltii<:es as w e l l
|>r<»j«-«-ts on r f i - o n l . . \ i u l t-vt-ry oiu- of llwm w i l l lu- as ft)r mansions.
ilesipneii f o r better living;, with (l-¥. . V p p l i a n f f * . " ^as» • \ i i f l here's one m o r e t l i i m r that".-« been p r o v e d i n o u r
W illiaiii J . L e v i n , presitleni of L e v i l l an<l Sonn. K r a i l
evperience—prt>(itahly I
this famous b u i l d e r ' s r o n i m e n t s on how electrii-al
plaiiiiinu m a k e s homes nn»re livable — «iir/ siiltililr! • r i i e liesl w a v t o h u i l i l a d r e a m house i.s first t(» m a k e
M i r e il"« (li-.i;:neil f o r b e t t e r l i v i n g , clcrlrinilly! [Link]
"People wont dream homes" an cleelrie k i t c l i e i i - l a i i i n l r y is t h e one h i g i t e m t h a t
: : i \ r - ; the l i ( n i i e i > \ \ iier all the a<I\antages a n d modern
" I t p a y s t o i i u i l d t h e m , " says VCilHam J . L e v i t t , presi-
conveniences t h a t e;m m a k e his h o m e t r u l y l i v a b l e .
dent o f the C o m p a n y .
L e t M r . I - e v i t t t e l l t h e whole s t o r y — " W h a t i l o t h e y " T h a t ' s the best w a y l o m a k e the house salahle. t o o l

m e a n l i v dicain homes'.' W e l l . Iiere is w h a t we h a v e " M a k e all lliese electrieal c o m eiiieiice- a [lart ol t h e

discovered. paekage. itieiuded i n the priee.
".\ d r e a m l i t m i e is a Imuse t h e b i i v e r a n d his f a m i l v
"And i t w i l l sell faster! [Link] w h e n y o u ' v e i n e l u d e d
w i l l w a n t t o l i v e i n a l o n p t i m e — a house t h a t m a k e s

138 Th« Architectural F O R U M June 1948

G-E APPLIANCES make homes

more livable—and salable!

General Eleetric Appliances—the ones most woinrn for your ne\t projeet — [ilaii rliTtrically with General
want most bwause they'vi' provt-d p^-iitx lU'pendable." Kleetric and profit more.'

What About Small Builders? Learn the G-E Home Bureau Story
Vk licther you'rr luiildin;; ten houses or a huiuln-d ami
[Link]-t y o u r (^-E d i s t r i b u t o r t o d a y . O r j u s t i l r o p a
morr. - . I M I K I til ([iiii ki'i- fi)r iii<ir>- pn)lii uiii-ii
post e a r d ti> t i n - G e n e r a l E l i - e t r i e C o n i p a i i x . Vp|>lianee
you include G-E conveniences.
and M e r e l i a n d i s e D e p a r l i i u - i i l . I l r i i l c r p n r l 2 . ( . ( u u i .
Home huililers everywhere have discovered G-E L e t us show y o u h o w to p l a n h o m e s f o r b e t t e r l i v i n f i .
Appliances make more salished homeowners. They're f a - l c r ^elliii;:: I U M I l»i<i<:4"r p r o f i t s , rli-rlririilly.
not only dependahle. ef1i<-i<'nt. hut even more—eco-
(Editors Nole): In a rcrcnt nationwide survey, r>l per rvni <•/ the
nomical. General I li ( tri<- Appliances hrinn; enough men and 5!i per cent of the uometi said General [Link] makes the
savings through low maintenance and nnniini: costs Itest elertrirat applianres '.
to actually make up for the snndl additional monthly
The appliances most w o m e n w a n t most
payment—usually less than $2..i0.

Facts hke that make for a lot less talking and a lot
more conviction when you're selling a prospect. So— G E N E R A L ^ ELECTRIC

39
 BUILOmG REPORTER

today's home heating requirements. Each model has a variety

of applications, all come completely assembled and wired for

h e a t i n g and a i r
immediate installation. One of the most versatile units is

TRRHE Model 388 All-Purpose

Furnace. Designed f o r
use in small homes as

c o n d i t i o n i n g lieiped a winter air condition-

ing system, its squirrel-
cage type blower circu-

tliese f a m o u s u s e r s . . .
lates heated filtered air
through the home during
winter, filtered fresh air
in the summer. When
used without the blower.
Model 388 can function
as a gravity heating sys-
This much-used new recreation tem. The new unit has a bonnet output of 82,000 BTU's
buiidins had a difficult comfort
per hr., requires 33V^ x 53 i n . of floor area, is 55 i n . high.
problem, since activities in it
run from checkers and billiards to Another model, 378 Forced A i r Furnace, is designed pri-
bowling and basketball. A Trane marily for closet or utility room installation. This unit also
System was chosen to provide the has a bonnet output capacity of 82,000 BTU's per hr.;
right "climate" for each game. requires 23% x 33^,4 i n . i n floor area, is 63 i n . high.
Model 458 is a floor furnace which can be easily installed
between floor joists i n basementless homes. Its B T U output
is 50,000 or suflBcient to heat three or four rooms. The new
burner Model 598, f o r conversion of most types of furnaces
This modern recording studio
to thermostatically controlled oil heat, can be installed in a
specializes in putting speech on
wide range of furnaces with a minimum of [Link]. A feature
phonograph records. To give the
studio fresh, tempered air with- nf this burner is the "Telescope" air duct which permits all
out breaking the deep silence external controls to fit closely against the furnace allowing
that is essential, a Trane Air Con- more usable basement area. The conversion unit has a f u l l
ditioning System was selected. oil-firing rate of one gallon per hr. providing a maximum
bonnet output of 70,000 BTU's.

Manufacturer: Evans Products Co., Plymouth, Mich.

Liquids in this well-known meat
packing plant were heated or
chilled by pipe coils in huge vats. LIGHTING CONTROL provides complete modulation of both
Cleaning the coils meant stopping color hue and intensity.
production with consequent spoil-
The new RoUocolor Lighting Controller, an invention of
age. A Trane System has ended
Englishman RoUo Gillespie Williams, enables every known
both production halts and spoilage.
hue of colored light to be provided by lighting equipment
without the necessity of chang-
ing color filters. Both hue and
brightness change can be ob-
Potatoes are cleaned, peeled, tained instantly or gradually at
eyed, cubed, and then dehydrated any desired speed and can be
in this modern plant. The dehy- pre-set. By moving a pointer
drating machine failed to remove over a special color scale up-
enough moisture from the tubers,
wards of 500 different hues of
k so an auxiliary Trane System was
installed to reduce moisture con- colored light can be selected while the movement of another
* tent to below 7%. pointer over a parallel scale determines the illumination
intensity of the color without disturbing its fundamental hue.
W i t h the new instrument, which is available f o r either manual
t h e r e is a TRRRE system to solve your problem
or automatic operation and f o r remote control, color hues
There is a Trane System to solve every kind of heating and air condi- are always exactly the same and there is no fading. The uses
tioning problem efficiently, whether i t be comfort o r process—domestic,
commercial, or industrial. Trane systems are designed to fit your appli- of the new instrument are numerous. During daylight hours
cation by architect, engineer, or contractor. 2 0 0 Trane Sales Engineers the controller can be used to vary shop window lighting to
oflfer their counsel. Users' names on request. compete with various conditions of daylight. I t also offers
many opportunities f o r achieving dramatic and pleasing

HANUF/lCTURiNS
T R R R E EHOINEERS OF
effects i n mannequin shows and opens up vast possibilities
in the field of decorative lighting f o r restaurants, hotels and
stores. The manually operated Rollocolor controller unit
here illustrated measures 27 in. x 27 in. x 36 in. deep and can
HEATING and AIR C 0 N D I T 1 0 NJ handle a lighting load of 14 kw. A slightly larger model which
will control a total lighting load of 36 kw. is also available.
THE T R A N E C O M P A N Y , L A C R O S S E , W I S C O N S I N
The automatic model, or the unit (Continued on pmge 144)
A L S O . T R A N E C O M P A N Y O F C A N A D A , L ~ T D .

140 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 E V E R Y day m o r e and m o r e W h e e l i n g E x M goes i n t o
m o r e uses. R a i l r o a d s , refineries, m a n u f a c t u r i n g plants
and a l l types o f industries find i t ideal f o r l o n g - l a s t i n g ,
s t r o n g o v e r h e a d w a l k s , stair treads, trestle and t o w e r
p l a t f o r m s , enclosures, guards, p a r t i t i o n s , c o n t a i n e r s and
m a n y o t h e r uses. These i n s t a l l a t i o n s are b e t t e r because
W h e e l i n g E x M is s t r o n g e r t h a n sheet m e t a l o f the same
w e i g h t . T h e " d i a m o n d s " a l l o w l i g h t and air t o enter
f r e e l y and are p r a c t i c a l l y s e l f - c l e a n i n g . W r i t e f o r f u l l FORMS easily into all
k i n d s of sanitary,
facts n o w . M a n y mesh sizes and w e i g h t s available.
easy-io-dean fittings.

PROTECTS asainst intruders, yet SOLVES unusual problems, such

admits ligiit and air. as partitions for iiorse cars.

WHEEIING CORRUGATING COMPANY WHEEIING W . V A .

Atlanta - Boston • Buffalo Chicaeo • Cleveland • Columbus • Detroit • Kansas City • Loulsvlllo
Minneapolis • New Orleans CORRUGATINC COMPANY
NawYork • Philadelphia • Pittsburgh • Richmond • St. Louis

!41
 Vor/c's
Engineering
Assfsfance
backs up York's
Oufsfandf'ng
Equ/pmenf
l ' A | " ' r i « ' i n «' ami practical te<'linical

a>si-tanrr unrquallrd clsfw lirii- an-

available to you as a York customer
. . . wheivivr voii tnav be.

In the l'a«-ifir District, for exainplr.

Maiiaizn- Lam r loi a t c d iti [Link] An-
i;i-l<--. .i-«i-«ti-<l | i \ luiirli-rii '^orlv-
traiiied sales engineers, is at the
service of York customers in this
district. The liighlv practical, up-
l o - t l i e - t n i i n i t c a . s s i H t a n c c and ad\ K <
i>r t l i c M - ^ i - i i t l r i n c n arc axailalilc to

you at ail times, whether vou are

planning, purchasing, i n s t a l l i n g or

V/W "AIRCRAF
operating refrigeration or air con-
ditioning systems or equipment.

BALANCE
means freedom f r o m vibration
T h i s unique V W c r a n k s h a f t and piston frigeration compressor that could be
assembly is a s t u d y in static and d y n a m i c m o u n t e d on upjM'r floors, i n rcK>f trusnv-. R. F. LAUER
balance and suggests a r a d i a l a i r c r a f t t h a t rccjuin'd no special f o u n d a t i o n . District Manoger

engine w i t h its lower h a l f placed i n line F>xclusive design is b u t one o f the

Assisted by
w i t h the upj>er. I n a d d i t i o n to accurate uiauy featijres o f \ V W " t l i e compressor
J. N. Berger
c o n t r o l o f t h e w e i g h t o f i n d i v i d u a l parts, t h a t never wears o u t , " and is repre-
E. J. Berlet
the arrangement o f r o t a t i n g and re<ripro- sentative o f the character o f Y o r k en-
W. R. Eby
c a t i n g parts i n this ingenious V / W design gineering t h r o u g h o u t its complete litu*
Moron Kennedy
results in vibrationless operation. As a of r e f r i g e r a t i o n and air c o n d i t i o n i n g W. B. Ludwig
result o f these i n n o v a t i o n s . York engi- equipment. T. A. Marshall
neers were able t o pro<hjce the first re- York ( j i w p o r a t i o n . l o r k . Penna. H. T. Orebaugh
M. R. Overbye
G. F. Sainsbury
W. W. Sandholt
C. A. Shapiro
F. H. Stephens
D. D. Stone
G. H. Walker

HEADQUARTERS FOR MECHANICAL COOLING SINCE 1885

142 Th« Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 \
J

"AND THERE'S N O EXCESS WEIGHT

Yes-it's Flexstone FROM SLAG OR GRAVEL"

Each ply is a flexible

covering of stone!
• T h e secret o f a J o h n s - M a n v i l l e Flexstone R o o f
is i n the jelts. T h e y ' r e made o f fireproof, rotproof,
enduring asbestos.
Flexstone B u i l t - U p Roofs w o n ' t d r y o u t f r o m t h e
sun . . . need no p e r i o d i c c o a t i n g . T h e y ' r e smooth-
surfaced, too—permit t h o r o u g h d r a i n a g e . . . make any
damage easy t o locate and repair. T h e y are engineered
t o each j o b . . . a p p l i e d o n l y b y J - M A p p r o v e d Roofers.
J - M asbestos felts are p e r f o r a t e d to m a k e applica-
t i o n e a s i e r . . . g i v e y o u a smoother j o b and c o n f o r m
better to i r r e g u l a r i t i e s i n the r o o f deck.
Send f o r Flexstone brochure BU-51A.
Contains complete specifications. Address:
Johns-Manville,Box290,NewYorkl6,N.Y.
"Reg. V. 5. Pal. OS.

Johns-Manville llilf# Built-Up Roofs

143
 BUILDING REPORTER

used mainly for display work, is fundamentally the same as

the manually operated unit except that it has additional appar-
atus wliich automatically provides color changes according to
a predetermined sequence. Furnished with a plug and socket
board underneath the color scale, all the operator has to do
to select a range of color hues to be automatically reproduced
is to insert 20 plugs at various positions under the color scale
corresponding to the hues he desires.
Manufacturer: The Color Lighting Corp.. 308 West 68th St..
New York, N . Y.

MORE EFFICIENT GERMICIDAL LAMP has doubled baottria

killing power.
Westinghouse's new 25 w. Slimline Germicidal Sterilamp i?
reported to emit more than twice as much ultraviolet radiation
as any lamp heretofore available. I t not only produces more
ultraviolet f o r each watt of electricity consumed, but i t also
provides an almost uniform level of radiation throughout its
life. Tests made near the end of the lamp's 6,000 hr. rating, or
after almost a year of normal usage, show that it still gives
more ultraviolet radiation than other such germ k i l l i n g lamps
when new. According to the manufacturer, the 36 in. long,
instant start Sterilamp may be operated at three different
levels of ultraviolet intensity. Output varies depending upon
the current rating of the ballast used. I t combines the best
electrical features of all previous ultraviolet lamps and is
expected to cut the cost of ultraviolet protection almost in half.
Manufacturer: Westinghouse Electric Corp., 306 Fourth
Ave.. Box 1017. Pittsburgh, Pa.

TABLE HEIGHT 3.5 cu. f t . REFRIGERATOR fits in modern

small home or apartment kitchens.
Designed to fit with the sink, stove and other apphances to
form a continuous level of table
area, the new 3.5 cu. f t . Lo Boy
electric refrigerator offers the
housewife an additional kitchen
work space 24 in. wide by 22^^ in.
deep. The unit, 34^4 in- high, can
be placed next to a stove of exact
height or below a standard table
top range to save needed kitchen
space. Its porcelain interior provides 7.8 sq. f t . of shelf area,
two ice trays and automatic lighting. The hermetically sealed
refrigerating unit, 50 or 60 cycles, 110 v., A.C. is capable of
handhng twice the freezing capacity while the automatic
temperature control is adjustable to nine freezing speeds.
(Odd cycles or high voltage, or D.C. current is available
on special order.) The new Lo Boy features welded steel
construction, is finished in white baked enamel, retails f o r
about $229.95.
a s advertised in Bmttmr Homes and Gardens
Manufacturer: Paley Manufacturing Corp., 244 Herkimer
a n d Thm American Home. St., Brooklyn 16, N . Y .

Delivered to the job as comp/efe o n / / j — p r e -

TABLE TOP 3</2 CU. FT. REFRIGERATOR and 14 CU. FT.
fltted, w e o f h e r s t r i p p e d . There a r e 41 manu-
MODEL suit small and large home requirements.
facturers; f o r the name o f the one nearest
The Jordon Refrigerator Co. has recently introduced two new
you, write R ' O - W Sales Co., Royal O a k , Mich. refrigerators: model 10/4 combination refrigerator-freezer
and the Jordonette table-top 3^^ cu. f t . refrigerator. Measur-
ing 68 in. high. 39 in. wide and 29 i n . deep. Model 10/4
occupies only a slightly larger space than the average house-
hold refrigerator yet provides (Continued on page 148)

144 Th» Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 The demands modern thinking, too

y^*""" clients thousands of dollars!

Insulated wire and cable with Alcoa E . C * Aluminum Con- 11,. B»G O i » ' ' ' » ; '
ductor can save thousands of dollars on a single industrial
plant. Aluminum's lighter weight at today's prices means a
big difference in cost. For example, a 500,000 cm insulated
aluminum cable weighs less than half the weight of an iden-
tical copper cable.
Aluminum's lighter weight means lighter supports. This can
simplify structures where wire loads are heavy. It's easier to
install.
Alcoa makes light, strong, conductive E . C . Aluminum;
leading wire and cable manufacturers draw, strand, and insu-
late it, and sell it under their own trade marks. A l u m i n u m

C o m p a n y o f A m e r i c a , 1475 Gulf Bldg., Pittsbiu-gh 19, Pa.

•E. C: Etrctrical Cimdurtor A l i i m i n u n i

YOUR 5UPPLIBH HAS IT!

0i ALumiNum
insulated and sold by leading wire manufacturers
ALCOA

i
F O R E L E C T R I C W I R E A N D C A B L E

145
 Millions of people changed our name

Y o u may t h i n k i t strange that millions o f So, i n recofjnition o f this preference, the name
people could have a voice i n changing a company's of the company has been changed f r o m T h e A m e r i c a n
name, but that is w h a t has happened to R o l l i n g M i l l C o m p a n y to A r m c o Steel C o r p o r a t i o n .
The American Rolling M i l l Company. T h e change is one o f name only. I t does not
Several years after the company started operations affect A R M C O management, personnel and
in 1900, i t a d o p t e d the t r a d e m a r k "ARMCO"
long-established policies. I t dors emphasize more strongly
for its special grades o f steel. T h e A R M C O trademark the importance o f the A R M C O trademark, and increases
—comfjoscd o f the first letter in each w o r d its value to those w h o use A R M C O Special-Purpose
of the company name—has been widely advertised steels i n the things they make.
and appears o n a l l the company's products. M a n y T h e alert research and p r o d u c t i o n men w h o have
.'VRMCO customers i d e n t i f y their use o f these perfected so m a n y special-purpose grades o f A R M C O
special-purpose steels w i t h this f a m i l i a r trademark. steel w i l l continue to i m p r o v e present steels
T h r o u g h the years—as the o r i g i n a l small m i l l w h i l e developing new ones to help manufacturers b u i l d
grew into one o f the country's great steel better products f o r the home, f a r m and industry.
companies — o u r [Link], dealers and the public A r m c o Steel C o r p o r a t i o n , M i d d l e t o w n , O h i o .
alike have preferred to call the company " A R M C O . " Export: T h e A r m c o I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o r p o r a t i o n .

.,7
'^MCq a r m c o s t b b l c o r p o r a t i o n
Ny\ / / • THE FAMILIAR ARMCO TRIANGLE IDENTIFIES SPECIAL-PURPOSE STEELS THAT HELP
\ V / MANUFACTURERS MAKE MORE ATTRACTIVE, MORE USEFUL, L O N G E R - L A S T I N G PRODUCTS

14^ The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

--and meet all the specifications of the
Aluminum Window Manufacturers' Association
T h e seal y o u see o n e v e r y A d l a k e double- evidence t h a t w h e n y o u specify A d l a k e W i n -
h u n g A l u m i n u m W i n d o w is y o u r guarantee dows, y o u specify t h e u t m o s t i n l o n g l i f e ,
o f q u a l i t y . I t means t h a t the w i n d o w has good looks, easy o p e r a t i o n . Cost-wise,
m e t a l l specifications o f t h e A l u m i n u m W i n - A d l a k e W i n d o w s pay for themselves i n a f e w
d o w M a n u f a c t u r e r s ' Association f o r q u a l i t y years t h r o u g h doing away with expensive
o f materials, soundness of c o n s t r u c t i o n , maintenance. N o maintenance is r e q u i r e d ,
s t r e n g t h o f sections, a n d a i r i n f i l t r a t i o n re- other t h a n r o u t i n e washing.
quirements. W r i t e t o d a y f o r complete d a t a . Address:
T h i s seal means y o u can recommend 1101 N . M i c h i g a n , E l k h a r t , I n d . N o o b l i -
A d l a k e A l u m i n u m W i n d o w s t o y o u r clients g a t i o n , o f course.
w i t h confidence. T o clients, i t is concrete

THE
Adams & Westlake Established 1857
COMPANY

E L K H A R T , I N D I A N A
ritAor MURK
N e w York • Chicago

147
 Unt ml
14 cu. f t . of storage area. This includes 10 cu. f t . of normal
temperature storage and a 4 cu. f t . frozen food locker which
has facilities f o r freezing six large ice trays. According to
the manufacturer, an outstanding feature of tiiis model is that
both the fresh and frozen food compart-
ments operate with one condensing unit
and one temperature control. This fea-
ture is said to not only eliminate costly
two temperature hook-ups but to provide
economical operation. The cu. f t .
Jordonette for use i n apartments, small
homes, offices, etc., is 24% i n . wide, 25V2
in. deep and 34% i n . high to conform
with kitchen cabinet height. I t is availa-
ble in normal temperature, low tempera-
ture and a l l ice cube maker models. The
work top and interior are porcelain and
the shelves are arranged f o r convenient
storage of foods. The Jordonette is
equipped with a % H P hermetically
sealed compressor unit and a two ice tray evaporator.

Manufacturer: Jordon Refrigerator Co., 58th & Grays Ave..

Philadelphia 43, Pa.

You needn't lie awake nights counting sheep. You can count
on the fact that home buyers prefer automatic Electric Water
IMPROVED REFRIGERATORS, ranges, radio and television
Heaters. To have them completely satisfied with the homes
you build—both now and in years to come—install the kind sets are introduced by Cresley.
of water heating equipment your customers want. Five new refrigerators, three gas ranges, an electric range,
a home freezer and numerous radio and television sets com-
How to reduce c o n s f r u c f i o n costs one/ prise the Crosley 1948 line.
add customer features* • • Among the most noteworthy of
these many products are the new
Shelvador refrigerators which
not only boast larger food stor-
: .1 •- li age spaces and general improve-
ments but a reduction in retail
LIVING ROOM prices equivalent to 7 to 16 per
cent. The five new refrigerators
LIVING tOOM WTCHEN
range in size f r o m 8.6 cu. f t . to
10.5 cu. f t . and in price from
ELECTRIC $259.95 to $399.95. One of each of these size units features a
v.-rcKiiciri R
- 1 1.5 cu. f t . frozen food storage space and a secondary refriger-
MON-ELECTRIC
W A T E R HErtTER ating system to provide high humidity for vegetables and pas-
tries. The other models, except the minimum price 8.8 cu. f t .
ELECTRIC INSTALLATION
unit, have a 1.5 cu. f t . frozen food compartment which accom-
NON-ELECTRIC INSTALLATION because they are: (1) A U T O M A T I C (con- modates 50 lbs. or a three month's supply of frozen food; a
tinuous hot water, no attention); (2)
Construction costs can be reduced C L E A N (smokeless, sootless); (3) D E -
normal cold compartment; convenient crispers; dry storage
with Electric Water Heaters because PENDABLE AND TROUBLE-FREE (as compartment and the Shelvador built-in door shelves. The
there's no flue or vent, so installation electric light); (4) E C O N O M I C A L (fully minimum price unit includes all of these features except it
can be made anywhere—in a closet, insulated storage, short hot water
in the kitchen, in the bathroom, in lines); (5) S A F E (all-electric depend- has a .7 cu. f t . freezing and frozen food storage compartment.
the utility room. Hot water lines can able temperature control); (6) F L E X - Other improvements in the line include: an increase in the
be short, cutting piping cost. I B L E (can be installed anywhere, even
Customers like Electric Water Heaters in living quarters; no flue or vent). capacity of the Electrosaver compressor unit, new styling,
flexible ice trays, horizontal evaporator, flexible shelves and
aectric Water Healer Section NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFAaURERS ASSOCIATION a new temperature control. The three 8 cu. f t . models mea-
155 East 44th Street, New York 17, N. Y. sure 61 in. high. 30% in. wide, 24% in. deep. The 10.5 cu. f t .
B » F .
HOT9TRBAM
BRYANT
•
. CLARK
J U O WHITEHEAD
• POWLCR
•
• FRIGIDAIRE
KELVINATOR •
. QENERAl. ELECTRIC
MERTLAND • MONARCH
•
•
HOTPOINT
NORCE
.
.
models measure 65% in. high, 33% in. wide and 24% in. deep.
PEMCO • REX . RHEEM . SEIDELHUBER • SELECTRIC • SMITHWAV . SUNBEAU .
THERMOQRAV • THBRMO-WATT . UNIVERSAL • WESIX • WEUTINGHOUaK
Manufacturer: Crosley Div., Avco Manufacturing Corp., 1329
.\rlington St., Cincinnati, Ohio.

WATER EXTENSIVE AUTOMATIC WASHER LINE features auto-

HEATER! matic soap injectors, vibrationless, movable model.

With the introduction of five new models, the Bendix auto-

. . . i n a house wired for an Electric Range! matic home washer Line now (Continued on page 152)

48 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 dont let
c o m p e t i t i o n

pull the wool over your eyes!

W h y l e t c o m p e t i t o r s get t h e j u m p o n y o u — w h e n Eltctric Xongt Section

it's so easy t o give h o m e b u y e r s w h a t t h e y NATIONAL ElECTRIUL
w a n t ? T o d a y t h e t r e n d is t o E l e c t r i c Ranges. MANUFACTUREIS ASSOCIATION

Another m i l l i o n American families switched t o 155 E. 44th Stnat

New York 17, N. Y.
E l e c t r i c C o o k i n g last year. Conservative estimates
i n d i c a t e t h a t t h i s y e a r at least a m i l l i o n m o r e A-B STOVES
E l e c t r i c Ranges w i l l be i n s t a l l e d . ADMIRAL . CROSIEY
ESTATE HEATROLA
T h i s is a d e f i n i t e t r e n d t h a t c a n n o t be i g n o r e d .
FRIGIDAIRE
Progressive b u i l d e r s recognize t h i s t r e n d . E l e c - GENERAL ELECTRIC
t r i c i t y is a " m u s t " i n a n y house, a n d i t ' s s i m p l e GIBSON . HOTPOINT
and economical t o include w i r i n g f o r an Electric KELVINATOR • lEDO
MONARCH • NORGE
Range l e a d i n g t o a range o u t l e t i n t h e k i t c h e n
OUAUTY • UNIVERSAL
at t h e t i m e of c o n s t r u c t i o n . T h i s is assurance WESTINGHOUSE
t h a t the houses y o u b u i l d are n o t o n l y m o d e r n
t o d a y , b u t w i l l stay m o d e r n f o r years t o come!

<3"
Y O U R H O U S E S

1 t';

149
 your clients can get PC Foamglas Insulation
• Many prominent concerns have deferred insulation according to our specificati«ns and recommendations.
programs until they could get P C Foamglas. Now—with Review your clients' insulation requirements as of
our production doubled—all orders for Foamglas can be today, for walls and ceilings, roofs and floors. If main-
delivered promptly. taining desired temperatures in their buildings involves
Foamglas is the only material of its k i n d . B i g , rigid special problems, our technical staff will be glad to dis-
blocks are composed of millions of minute, closed, air- cuss them with you. Meanwhile you can get full informa-
lilled glass cells. Resistant to vapors, fumes and acid at- tion on customary uses of P C Foamglas from our current
mospheres—because it is glass—PC Foamglas retains its literature. Send the coupon for your free copies. Pitts-
original insulating value permanently when installed burgh Corning Corporation also makes P C Glass Blocks.

W h e n y o u insulate with F O A M G L A S , y o u insulate for g o o d

AIR SEALED IN GLASS CEUS

Here you sec P C Fiiumtllaii hein;i inKtalled

in core wall CDnstruction. between outer
brick wall and inner tile lacini. Pliotii
courtesy of Burkhardt Brew init Company.
Akron. Ohio. General Contractor. Clem-
mer Construction Company, Akron. Ohio.

THE MAGNIFIED CROSS SECTION ol P C

l-oam|<las shows its cellular structure . . .
liluHs hubbies solidified into big. strong, I'itl-sburffh ConiiiiK Corporation
rigid blocks. In the millions of cells of Koiim ITS-K. fllia Duquesm- W a y
glass-enclosed air. lies the secret of its •[Link] 22, P a .
insulating value. riuase send nie without obligation, your FREE
booklets on the use of P C Foaniprlas insulation f o r :
Hoofs Walls Floor
PinSBUHGH Name

FOAMGLAS INSULATION
.\d(lres>

City

CORNING FOR ADDinONAL INFORMATION SEE OUR INSERTS IN SWEETS CATALOGS

150 Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 READ BY MORE T H A N 3 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 FAMILIES
JUNE 1948 • 25<t and Gardens

BH&G has no fiction, no side lines. Cover to cover,

ads and all, it's devoted 100% to service for better
living. This means that the people who read BH&G
don't do it casually. They're after something: ideas,
information, trends. They get it. They come to• „you Presidential H'-'--
trying to
pre-informed about the ideas that you're trying to

- _..i»«iilNG Contdl ..•.„„,i.wnng5

[Link] Sink T o p .
mil..... _ O r a n g e b u r g rior"
American Central Kitchens [Link] Soft W a t e r cover
APPLIANCSS
l:rXh-Systen, Crowford Doors R^eem Hot W o t e r
Amano Home Froozer Curtis
Apex Washer Fenestro Steel Casements r'^'^f.'sXwoter ^:foo^drL:;htn-.n,
Coolerator Refrigerator Unoii • . Mengel Flush Doors Conductors
Crosley Refrigerator HARDWARE Modernfold Doors Zenith Hearing A . d .
Filter Queen Vacuum Dlc-A-Doo Point Brush Bath Notional Oalc Floors SrwC'HoJwoter
Florence Ranget Dow Saran Screen ROW Windows
Duco Cement Red Cedar Shingle Bureau INSUtATlON OOTDOOR
Frigidaire Refrigerator West Coast Woods
G . E. Home Freezer Gobco Automatic Window Western Pine* Champion
ru^mnion Sprayer
Spt
G . E. Electric Range Screens Corey Cleon-Cut Lawn Mower
Invizible Sash Balance Youngstown Kitchens by Celoiex
G . E. Refrigerator Mullins Chomberlaln Clemson Lawn Mower
G . E. Lampt Lowell Point Spray Doyton Irrigation
Lumite Screen PAINT & RELATED Flintkote
Gibson Refrigerator Plastic Wood Insul-Cotton Dobbins Sprayer
Hoover Iron Smooth-On Cements PRODUCTS Kimsul Doo Klips
Horton Ironer Speed Load Colking Gun Albron Reynold Gensco Sow
Holpoint Ditpotall Yale Hardware
Yale naro»-.-
Hotpoint Refrigerator ROOFING & SIDING Hastings Soil Soaker
International Harvester Home HEATING, MAJOR Hudson Sprayer
S^wtwalUEver Hedgemoster
American Radiator Barret.
Freezer Bryant Celotex Jacobsen Lown Mower
KitchenAid Mixer Ratlux Flintkote Jari Tractor
Crane
Knapp-Monorcli Hot Plate Dunham Glidd«" Kaiser March Irrigation
Knopp-Monarch Liquidizer Hydro-Flo Kyoniie Reynolos MontoMower Lawn Mower
Knopp-Monarcti Iron Iron Fireman Mura-T«» •femlock Notional Mower
Maytag Washer Janitrol NuEnomel Parker Lawn Sweeper
Norge Home Freezer Petro ParaStoneTeX MISCELLANEOUS Pennsylvania Lawn Mower
Perfection Oil Range Stokol Porotex Porter-Cable Hedgetrimmer
PhiIco Home Freezer Superfex Dow Mognesium Reo Lown Mower
Phiico Refrigerator Williams Oil-O-Mofic pimburgh Eosi-Bild Patterns Sensation Lawn Mower
Proctor Iron Seffost Fories Medicine Cabinets Spartan Sprayer
HEATING, Wonsover
Serve! Refrigerator LOF Gloss Swan Rubber Hose
MISCELLANEOUS Toro Lawn Mower
Simplex Ironer
Aeropel Fans
PLUMBING Majestic Home Incinerators
Sunbeam Ironmaster Iron Orlyt Greenhouse True-Temper Tools
Swortzbough Rangette Dust-Stop Fillers ^„[Link] Portland Cement Weed-Wond
Toastmaster Tooster Fon-Pac Attic Fans Brigg. Pyrerte Fire Extinguisher Whirlwind Lown Mower
Hancock Outdoor Fireplace Wiss Pruners
Universal Gos Range Heotilator Fireplace Rock of Ages Monuments
Victor Quickfreeze Home cXonSoftWo- Robertshow-Fulton Heot
ILG Ventilation
Freezer Price Outdoor Fireplace Controls
Superior Fireplace
Ko%o^^"[Link].
Voss Woiher
Welbilt Got Range Ventilottic Fan
Westinghouse Waste-Away

CIRCULATION OVER 3,000,000

 comprises seven washers ranging in price from $199.50 to Following the maximum wash period of 1 4 ^ minutes there
$319.95. These include a new standard and de luxe model; is a drain period, flush rinse and spin extraction plus two
deluxe with automatic soap injector; Gyromatic with and deep rinses each separated by a drain period and a spin
without automatic soap injector: a postwar standard and a extraction. Optional f o r both the Gyromatic and the new
postwar de l i u e model. A l l of the new units incorporate de luxe model is the exclusive soap injector feature which
improved engineering, styhng and washabihty features. Per- adds either soap or synthetic detergent in metered quantities.
forated baffles in the redesigned tub provide better washability This injector permits the soaking and immediate washing of
while 402 r.p.m. of the cyhnder in all models except the clothes without the operators attendance. Two indicators on
Gyromatic, remove more water in the extraction cycle. Star the control panel may be set for the wash and soak period?
of the new line is the tableheight, vibrationless Gyromatic. so that a predetermined amount of soap, detergent or softener
A 9 lb. capacity unit with a balanced high speed spin (525 will automatically enter the washer as soon as the tub is
r.p.m.), i t is the only unit in the line that does not require filled. The new Gyromatic unit measures 29% in. wide, 36 in
bolting to the floor. The control dial may be set for a maxi- high, 24% in. deep; weighs 356 lbs.; retails for $319.95.
mum soaking period of 9% minutes after which the unit Manufacturer: Bendix Home Appliances Inc.. South Bend
automatically provides a drain period, spray rinse and spin. 24. Ind.

GAS FIRED DOMESTIC INCINERATOR consumes garbags

and rubbish efficiently, economically and without odor.
Gar-Disposal is a completely automatic, efficient home
incinerator that disposes of garbage and rubbish in a safe,
sanitary, odorless, economical
operation. Refuse is dehydrated
by a patented down-draft princi-
ple plus heat from the pilot, is
ignited by the pilot and f u l l y con-
sumed. According to the manu-
facturer the drying action usually
takes place fast enough with the
use of the pilot only. However,
when i t is necessary to reduce the
contents faster, an auxiliary
burner may be operated. Gar-Dis-
posal has a capacity of 1.5 bu., is
AGA approved for use with natu-
ral, manufactured or mixed gas and can be installed in the
kitchen, utihty room or basement with a 7 to 6 in. flue con-
nection. Smartly styled in red, green or white enamel, it
weighs 140 lbs., measures 321/4 in. high, 20 in. wide, 20 in.
deep.

Manufacturer: Electrocap Mold Co., 115 E. Carson St..

Pittsburgh, Pa.

INDUSTRIAL VACUUM CLEANER is self-cleaning.

The Eject-O-Vac is a new portable, self-cleaning industrial
/ vacuum cleaner. Featuring a 15 gal. water trap to catch and
saturate the dust which can be
the complete Parker line of bathroom cabinets flushed clean in less than a
'and accessories are designs which actualize your minute, there is no dust bag to
own ideas—in style, utility, craftsmanship, price empty or tank to dump. To
Above: No. 7004 range. Long experience in working with architects remove the accumulated dirt
Lumiline and Fluorescent
Light Cabinet with Side makes possible this ability to "see through the from the machine a bucket of
Cabinett clean water is sucked into the
architect's eyes" and provide exactly the right
equipment for any bathroom. See the complete line tank, a lever reversed and the
in Sweet's or send for the new Parker catalog. The dirty contents ejected through
Charles Parker Company, Meriden. Conn. the intake hose into the bucket,
No. 2T5 a sink, etc. Enough water is
Tumbler and automatically retained i n the
Toothbruih
Holder unit to keep the trap effective
and i f desired, a germacide may be added to destroy germs
in the collected dirt. The vacuum can also be used to pick up
water from the floor. Eject-O-Vac machines sell for $275
complete with essential attachments.
No. 210
BATHROOM CABINETS
Soap Holder AND ACCESSORIES Manufacturer: Continental Car-Na-Var Corp., Brazil, I n d .
(Continued on page 156)

152 The Architectural F O R U M June 194 8

large or small.. . your building
c a n l i e o s modern as

Is your building a .small apartment house, a "king-size"

hotel or office huilHing, or .somewhere in between?

Whether it's small or large, the elevator service provided

may determine how modern and profitable it will remain
in the years ahead. Yet actually, no Imilding need suffer
from income losses due to outmoded elevator service!

Westinghouse has specialized i n modernizing (•xi--tiii!:

systems that have passed peak efficiency so that buildings
of every size can have the benefits o f really modern
vertical transportation.

A Westinghouse elevator modernization program includes

new equipment that provides smooth, quiet operation . . .
faster service . . . modem car interiors, doors, and
signals. Passenger service can be restored to top
efficiency with, for example. Rototrol inductor
floor landing, new dispatching systems, automatic doors,
Selectomatic, and many other Westinghouse im[»rt)vements.

I f your elevators are growing old, modernization now

may be advisable. For f u l l information, write to the
Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Elevator Division,
150 Pacific Avenue. Jersey G t y l . New Jerse\\

J-98512

A^stinghouse
E L E V A T O R S I O N

153
 " ^^rrrPROmABLTsECRET !
THIS CHAKiyiii-vw
CHARMING C O L O N I A L «va M 1 - . ^ ^„. „- „ H . C o l o n i o | [Link]
The idea of a permanent monthly income from from aa That's
'na.> why we think the Colonial
interest a lothome featured in
OT peu^
2-family house appeals to a lot of folks. But they often the Gold Bond series will interest a lot of people. You'd
chill when they think of the usual monotonous design never suspect it but it's a 2-family house with the en-
that immediately identifies it as a 2-family flat. trance to the second floor through the breezeway.
'lAL GYPSUM COMPANY, BUFFALO 2,N.Y.
N A T I O N (Appears in full color in the Saturday Evening Post May 22ncl.)

— »•t

You'll build or
remodel better with

Gold Bond
tor ttim [Link] In b u i l d i n g a n d r . m o d e l l n B produtii, • • • y o u r Ipcol Gold B o n d Dooler «n»!

" T h e n i c e s t y o u n g c o u p l e is p a y i n g o u r t a x e s ! "

Just ask your architect orbudder to s|K:cify .National beauty if you use C o l d Bond C v p s u m Lath and
"/ tievrr hclirvrd a Iwusr could iiclualh help pay fi<r
Gypsum's firtjiroi>( C o l d Bond Gypsimi [Link] Plaster. For the newest in decoration, there's Ciold
itself. But ours ts doing it, and here's how: We had
' r h i n there s new (.iold Bond R o i k Wool bisula- Bond Suntlex Wallpaint that dries in an hour with
our archilrcl plan a separate income aparlnirni up-
tion that keeps summer heat out, furnace [Link] in. no painty smell!
stairs'. Noxo the rent more than pays our taxes, .iud ii<r
Saves up to 40% on fuel costs. Don't skimp by using Y o u r local C o l d Bond lumber and building
didn 't hai'e to sacrifice quality at one single point! "
insulation only 1 or 2 inches thick. Full tnick C o l d material dealer is headquarters for over 1.50 C o l d
Bond Rock Wool batts completely fill space between Bond building products, each guaranteed to do a
Y e s , you can build the kind of liouse you've specific job better. Whenever you're ready to build
framing members, provide an effective fire-stop,
drc;imc(l about, out of tlic finest materials rescarcli or remodel, your C o l d Bond dealer can give you
and insure full insulation comlort. C a n be "blown"
lias developed. Materials tliat add extra penna- good, practical advice. See him first!
into outer walls and top lloor ceilings of exisiitig
nience, beauty, and fire protection—al no extra cost!
homes. Call your local C o l d Bond applicator, listed
In place ofold style inllamniai>le siieailiing under N A T I O N A L G Y P S U M C O M P A N Y
under "Insulation"' in the phone directory.
clapboards or other outside finish you can have fire-
B U F F A L O 2. N E W Y O R K
safe walls; stronger, more weatherproof at less cost. You'll have firesafe interior walls o f lasting

Gold noud BulUine Product, add erratcr fire prolrclw,,. permanency, and beauty al no extra «../. These include firelnvof u-alllward. lath, plaster,
• lime, shealhiuf,. ifull paiul, imulalion, mrlnl and sound lonlivl products.

DEMAND ...
THESE SIX •s.

GOLD BOND
I
FEATURES /
Over the plaster, goes a Buildt a fireproof blan- Driei in one hour with
Gold llondGy^tum Plat-
IN YOUR B i c . wcarhcrproofad
panel* of Gold Bond
Gold Bond Crpiuni Lath
it chc pcrfcci planer (oai o( Gold Bond Fin- ket of ituulaiion around noobiectionalpaiotr.
after-odor. Eaiier to ap-
Siorm Sealed Gypium bakC. Can't warn, rKpBn<l Id' 7o*'£^nd l^lftct\i
With Kvptiini t4ih. Buildt
i»h Lime. Thi» it the
imooth white finiili ihal
the house for ftrcaier rear
'round comfort, familr ply. Thit modern deco-
Shraihinit add sirui'iuxal or contract. Adds fire ration it now ayailable
NEW HOUSE sirenmh and b u i l t - i n protection and itructural ii,c%Jc. rock-like waUs
,.n.! c. ilinBi with greater r>ofore the wallpaper or
health, and fuel taviciftt
up to 40*'^. Avftilable fur at your dealer's in a full
fire protection. Coifilcaj strength for brtier wall new or old hornet. ranee of coloriul tones.
than old'ityte thcathtnR durahilii)' and heauty. paint l i applied.

The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

154
 of distinction
on the window
of distinction
T h i s is the Superior Window that Bilt-\\c
Master Craftsmen so proudly offer . . . advanced
design! Sturdily constructed! Smooth operation!
Yes, their "experience" . . .their "skill" and
their "expert knowledge" developed a Superior

\\"ini/ow. . . . one in which the weatherstrip

compensates for swelling and shrinking . . .
maintains snug fitting, weather-tight windows
. . . easy, quiet and smooth sliding.

Truly—the window of distinction! I

Light, s n u g contact b e t w e e n sasl>

a n d weatherstrip at a l l l i m e s , no
stick, no dust, no draft.

S a s h m a y be r e m o v e d e a s i l y a n d
quickly without l o o s e n i n g or re-
m o v i n g the weatherstrip.

Superior Vnit Wood Windows Bilt-W ell Combination Doors Gli-dor Cabinets
Bilt-Well Interior Doors Bilt-Well Louvres and Bilt-Well Medicine Cabinets
BiIt-Well Exterior DoOrs Gable Sash Bilt-Well Ironing Board Cabinets
Nil-Style Kitchen Gibinets Carr-dor Overhead Garage Bilt-Well Mantels
Bilt-Well Entrances Doors Bilt-Well Telephone Cabinets
Bilt-Well Shutters Bilt-Well Corner Cabinets Bilt-Well Stair Parts
[Link]-tite Casements Bilt-Well Storm Sash Bilt- Well Unit Linen Cabinets
Bilt-Well Basement Windows Bilt-Well Screens Bilt-Well Breakfast Sooks

'THcutu^eufied ^ CARR, ADAMS & COLLIER COMPANY, Dubuque. W a

155
BUILDING REPORTER

LOCK is adaptable to cabinets, cupboards and drawers. Series 500 is a new unit-type lock that is adjustable to various
door thicknesses and can be easily
The new Yale 3-way cabinet lock is a pin-tumbler lock with a
patented rotating cylinder that can he easily converted to installed without mortising. Compact
any one of three different uses. With a small screwdriver the and modern in design, i t provides posi-
catch on the cylinder can be released and the lock converted tive trouble-free operation, is practical
from a drawer lock with the bolt moving vertically to a cabinet for use on entrance, bath or other
or cupboard lock f o r either right or left hand doors, with interior doors. Three types of escutch-
the bok moving horizontally. The new unit is made of solid eons, measuring 4^/^ ^ 2 % in. and
brass, is produced with both deadbolts and springboks. tooled for interchangeability, make it extremely versatile.
Manufacturer: The Yale & Towne Manufacturing Co.. 200 Each Rite-Lock is adaptable to doors of either hand, with or
Henry St., Stamford, Conn. without dead lock on either side and emergency unlocking
feature opposite. The new lock is adjustable to fit any door
UNIT TYPE LOCK for sliding doors is extremely versatile thickness from 1 % to 1 15/16 in. Easily installed, a small
and easily installed. notch of 3 5/16 x 2 % in. in stile accommodates the unit.
Said to be a nearly universal lock for slidinji doors, Rite-Lock Strike mounts on surface of jamb. A l l exposed parts of the
lock are in solid brass, available in a choice of four standard
finishes.

Manufacturer: Adams-Rite Manufacturing Co.. 540 W. Chevy

Chase Drive, Glendale, Calif.

MODERATELY PRICED SECTIONAL FURNITURE for corner

arrangements in homes, offices, restaurants, etc.
Composed of comfortable, upholstered quarter-circle curved
USE VANISHING DOORS and straight sections. Chew's Versaline furniture can be
combined in any pattern to fit any corner or alcove. The
curved pieces can be used alone or in combination with either
single or double chairs and are equally suitable f o r space sav-
ing corner arrangements in home kitchens, dens or rumpus
rooms; offices; restaurants; bars or stores. The simple design
V/hether the of the pieces and a wide color combination range permit
job calls for
tiny kitchen- Versaline to blend with architectural demands or room fur-
ette apart-
ments or a pa- nishings. Production line manufacture puts its cost way below
I ^ J latial mansion, that of custom-built corner arrangements or at about $223
'/v—^ there's no get-
'' ting around one for a corner section and two chairs. The furniture pieces are
fact—hinged doors waste space! That constructed with plywood panels and reinforced joints. No-
is why more and more residential
building plans specify vanishing doors Sag springs, cushioned with rubberized hair are used i n the
for closets, wardrobes, connecting
rooms, etc. back and removable seat, upholstery is durable Boltafiex. This
With vanishing doors, sliding from all-plastic, fire-resistant material can be easily washed with
side to side, there's no interference soap and water, will not crack, peel, fade or sag. A table top
with the location of furniture, light-
ing fixtures, pictures, rugs—nothing to fit the open space in the comer made by the curved quarter-
in the room gets "behind the door."
Used for closets and wardrobes, they circle section is [Link] available with the line.
permit direct access to entire con-
tents without fuss or bother.
Manufacturer: Chew Manufacturing Co., Connelly Sprinjjs.
SPECIFY R-W V A N I S H I N G D O O R
HANGERS A N D WOOD-LINED TRACK N . C.
For smooth, silent, trouble-free op-
eration, specify vanishing doors in-
stalled with Richards-Wilcox No. 719
Vanishing Door Hanger and Wood- WELL DESIGNED, INDUSTRIALLY PRODUCED FURNITURE
Lined Steel Track. No oiling re-
quired . . . lianger wheel has Olite is moderately priced.
self-lubricating bearing, rolls on self-
centering woodtrack uning without Claywood Design Products' line of attractive modem f u m i -
metal-to-metal contact. ture offers good design and excellent craftsmanship at a
FOR USE I N 2" X 4" STUDDED WALLS
Richards-Wilcox No. 719 Vanishing moderate cost. The simple lines of the pieces, designed by
Door Hangers and Wood-Lined Steel Qayton Lewis, conform to home,
Track are designed for use in 2' x 4 '
studded walls. This outstanding fea- office or hotel interiors. The use
ture is made possible by the R-W
engineered "Ordinary Wall" pocket. of native Oregon hardwoods such
as western maple, chinquapin and
ash, plus industrial production
For c o m p l e t e d e t a i l s — o r f r e e c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h o u t o b l i -
techniques brings the price witliin
g a t i o n — c a l l or w r i t e t»»o nearest R i c h a r d s - W i l c o x o f f i c e .
reach of lower income groups. I n -
cluded in the new line are such
_^ I

1 88 0
wiLcr-- '
\6\ 1948
Ichards-Wilcox Mfq- Co-
A H » N f . Cn r O R ANT DOOR THAT S L I O I I "
pieces as dining, end and coffee
tables; desks; side and lounging
A U I V O K A . I L L I N O I S , U.S.A.
chairs; stacking stools; chests
OVER 68 YEARS and beds. Several other pieces like (Continued on page IftO)

156 The Architectural F O R U M Jun* l ? 4 8

 Strength and durability considered,
CONCRETE JOIST CONSTRUCTION
/
In these days of high costs, economy in building is important, provided strength and
durability are not sacriAced. Here is where concrete joist construction comes in—since it
provides rigid, strong, sound-proof buildings which are fire resistive, yet construction cost
is lower. That is because the amount of concrete and, consequently, the dead load, are kept to
a minimum for any span or live load. The concrete joist and monolithic top slab are formed
with cores of removable Meyer steelforms, supported on skeleton centering. Once the con-
crete has set, the forms are removed and re-used from floor to floor and from job to job.
Therefore, a nominal rental charge can be made for each use. Construction is speeded up.

WHY SPECIFY CECO?

Ceco originated the removable steelform method of concrete joist construction. The
company is first in the field—actually providing more services than all competitors combined.
So, when concrete joist construction fits your need, call on Ceco, the leader over all. Thirty-
five years of experience in the field, on the job, have given Ceco a sure grasp of all concrete
joist construction problems. This fund of knowledge is yours to command, in 23 strategically
located oflices from coast to coast.

CECO STEEL PRODUCTS CORPORATION

General Offices: 5701 W. 26th St., Chicago 50, Illinois
O f f i c e s , w a r e h o u s e s a n d f a b r i c a t i n g p l a n t s in p r i n c i p a l c i t i e s
Ofhor Coco Products Include—Reinforcing Steel, W e l d e d Wire Fabric, Steel Joists and Roof Deck,
Metal Windows and Doors, Metol Frame Screens, Aluminum Storm Windows, Metal Loth and Accessories

_A S T E E L L

/if coffstractioffprojects CECO m^kesthe h/g(//Werence

57
 Mr. Micawber -was only half-right!
2. I f y o u ' r e i n b u s i n e s s , o r a
M R. m c A W B E R ' s financial advice
t o y o u n g D a v i d C o p p e r f i e l d is
j u s t l y famous.
S i m p l y not spending m o r e t h a n y o u
m a k e i s n ' t enough. E v e r y f a m i l y
m u s t have a cushion o f savings t o
f a r m e r , or i n a profession, and t h e
P a y r o l l Savmgs P l a n is not a v a i l -
f a l l back o n . . . and t o p r o v i d e f o r able t o y o u , t h e n sign u p a t y o u r
T r a n s l a t e d i n t o U n i t e d States bank f o r the B o n d - A - M o n t h Plan.
their f u t u r e security.
currency, i t r u n s s o m e t h i n g l i k e t h i s : E a c h helps y o u b u i l d a nest egg
U . S. Savings B o n d s offer one o f
Annual income, two thousand t h e best w a y s i m a g i n a b l e t o b u i l d o f absolutely safe, 1 0 0 % govern-
dollars; annual expenditure, savings. m e n t - b a c k e d U . S. Savings B o n d s .
nineteen hundred and ninety- T w o convenient, a u t o m a t i c plans A n d these bonds m a k e more m o n e y
nine dollars; result, happiness. m a k e t h e systematic purchase o f f o r y o u w h i l e y o u save. F o r a f t e r
Annual income, two thousand Savings Bonds b o t h sure a n d o n l y t e n years, t h e y p a y y o u back
dollars; annual expenditure, trouble-free: $400 f o r every $300 y o u p u t i n t h e m .
two tlwusand and one dollars; J o i n t h e P l a n you re eligible f o r
I. I f y o u w o r k f o r wages or salary,
result, misery." t o d a y ! A s M r . M i c a w b e r w o u l d say:
j o i n Payroll Savings—the only
M r . M i c a w b e r was o n l y h a l f - r i g h t ! installment-buying plan. "Result, security!"

AUTOMATIC SAVING IS SURE SAVING-U.S. SAVINGS BONDS

Contributed by this magazine in co-operation 5c^n

with the Magazine Publishers of America as a public service.

153 Th« Architectural F O R U M June I 9'',8

 4 B\«e «««'^

THE FIRMS WE SERVE

A\ax Manufacturing Co., The
Aluminum Co. of America
American Steel & Wire Co.
American Fork A Hoe Co.
Barllett ft Snow Co.. The C. O.
Brewing Corporation of America
Champion Mochine ft Forging Co.
Chose Brass ft Copper Co., Inc.
Chevrolet Oiv., General Motors Corp
Cleveland, O.
Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co.
Cleveland Pneumatic Aerol, Inc.
Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Co., The
Electro Metallurgical Co. lAcOeof^ tractor^ .
Fowick Airflex Co., Inc. -enera'5^"o.000 »Q-«•

FUher Body Cleveland Division

General Motors Corp.
Fruehouf Trailer Co., A v o n , Ohio
General Elech-ic Co.
ON R O O F I N G JOBS . . .
General Motors Proving Ground

f % n u i t y is the Real Cost-Cutting Factor

Milford, Mich.
Industrial Rayon Corp.
Jock ft Hmintx Precision Industrie*
Jones ft Laughlin Steel Corp. Long experience, modern labor and time saving equipment, ample financial re-
Linderme Tube Co. sources . . . the factors that enable a roofing contractor to quote and successfully handle
Midland Steel Products Co. large jobs are well known to every architect, engineer and contractor.
Notional Screw ft M f g . Co.
Industrial Roofing and Sheet Metal Inc. qualify on all these counts. The company has
Notional Tube Division the experienced manpower. It employs the most up-to-date equipment and facilities
United States Steel Corp.
Lorain, Ohio available. It enjoys ample financial resources.
New Departure Division Genera But ENgenuity, the knowhow that comes only from long experience, the coupling of
Motors Corp., Sandusky, Ohio
New York Central System
imagination with engineering skill and resourcefulness, the ability to devise new methods
Nickle Plate Railroad
for meeting uncharted situations... that's the real cost-cutting factor. That's the reason
Ohio Crankshaft Co.
so many nationally known architects, engineers and general contractors depend on
"Industrial" to handle their roofing sub contracts.
Ohio Bell Telephone Co.
Ohio Gear Co. In case after case, on many well known construction jobs, "Industrial's" ENgenuity
Ohio Rubber Co. was the deciding factor in keeping roof application costs to a minimum.
Republic Steel Corp. Perhaps "Industrial" can help keep roof costs in line on your jobs. Have us quote.
Ridge Tool Co., Elyrio, Ohio
Thompson Aircraft Products Co.
Thompson Products Inc.
U. S. Air Compressor Co.
U. S. Steel Supply
Division of U. S. Steel
Cleveland, O.
Warner ft Swoiey Co.
Weotherheod Co.
Whitewoy Stamping Co.
Willard Storage Battery Co.
4815 LEXINGTON A V E . , CLEVELAND, OHIO

!>9
 an extendable dining table, flexible storage units, etc., w i l l be architects, namely, the safe, conven-
added soon. A l l woods are finished naturally in clear lacquer ient and orderly filing of blueprints
and drawings. I n the cabinet, large
and hot wax, table tops and case work with bar-top lacquer.
sheets hang smoothly from suspen-
Colored lacquers are available at slightly extra cost. Chairs
ion rods, occupy a minimum of
are upholstered in hard twist cotton cord in various colors,
space, arc properly indexed and i m -
lounging chairs in cotton webbing. List prices of desk, dining
mediately accessible. Any of the
table and chairs illustrated are $96, $89, and $19.50 respec-
1,000 drawings which the cabinet
tively, f.o.b. factory. (Desk with colored lacquered drawer
will accommodate can be quickly
front is $105.60. )
removed and replaced without dis-
Manufacturer: Claywood Design Products, 1515 M i l l St., turbing the others. Draw-In-Dex Cabinet measures only 4 f t .
Springfield. Ore. high, 2 f t . 6 in. wide and 20 in. deep. The specially designed
CABINET f t r convenient filing ef bineprints and drawings suspension rods and hinges which support the drawing*
is attractive, functienal piece of furniture. operate in such a manner that when the cabinet's front panel
This non-tippable Draw-In-Dex Cabinet has been specially is opened any drawing may be immediately filed or removed
designed and engineered to solve an important problem for Draw-In-Dex Cabinet is ruggedly constructed of the finest
woods, is available in any finish, and is equipped with highest

Here's why LUMITE screening

quality hardware. Selling price is $195 f.o.b. New York.
Distributor: Tate-Munz Inc., 52 Broadway. New York 4. N . Y.

is going into more homes-new and old-every day-everywhere! SMALL COMBINATION DRAFTING INSTRUMENT permits
accurate on the job drawing.
Circ-L-Scale is a small plastic precision drafting instrument
[Link] which functions as a compass, protractor, ruler and T-Square.
One end of the tool incorporates a Lucite free-moving pivot
Laboratory tests—and actual use under every kind of climatic button. One edge is equipped with pencil point holes for mak
condition—prove that LUMITE screening can never rust, rot ing circles from % in. to 6 in. in diameter. I n use as a com-
or corrode. It is unaffected by salt air, smoke, acid or pass the bullseye pivot button is held on the desired center,
chemicals. pencil is inserted into the hole corresponding to desired radius
and swung in a circular motion. Additional guide holes pro
vide f o r making circles of from % to in. in diameter.
LUMITE screening can not absorb moisture or stains of Circ-L-Scale measures 4 in. long, has 1/16 in. calibration.-
any kind , . . will not support growth of mildew or fungi. along ruler edge, also acts as T-Square and protractor. R f i a i l
It can never stain window sills or walls. The whisk of a price is 50 cents.
damp cloth cleans LUMITE to factory newness. Manufacturer: Danat Co., 315 W. Van Buren St.. Chicago. I I I .

ARTICULATED FLEXIBLE STEEL FORMS simplify forming

battered curb face.
LUMITE screening never needs painting or any protective Blaw-Knox articulated steel face forms for combined curb and
^ coating. It's easier to handle . . . cuts time and labor in gutter construction provide the contractor with a complete
installation. It can be cut to fit with ordinary scissors—and steel form set-up f o r radius curb and gutter work where the
it can't scratch or snag fingers. face of the curb is battered.
The new forms consist of
lASrSAUFSTlMe identical, straight, rigid sec-
tions 1 f t . long. A 10 f t .
length is made up of ten
LUMITE'S woven saran filaments ore amazingly tough . . . such sections and a 5 f t .
abrasion resistant. LUMITE has high dimensional stability
length of five units. Sections
great resiliency—stays taut and firm. Under normal
are assembled with a steel
conditions it will outlast the house!
cable which passes through eyelets welded at each end of each
section and is fastened at opposite ends of the forms with an
LUMITE actually costs less than any other quality screen- I-bolt and cable clamp. For the back of the curb and the face
ing material. Get the facts from SWEET'S FILE or write for
of the gutter, standard flexible steel forms are used and set
samples to Dept. H-6, LUMITE DIVISION, Chicopee Manu- SoW through hordwore, /umber ond
in the usual manner. Each section of articulated flexible face
facturing Corp., 4 7 Worth Street, New York 13, N. Y. building supply dealers and screen
manufacturers. form is keyed to a dividing plate and the cable is tightened.

SPECIFY NAME Guoianlaad

As the form sections are straight and rigid, i t is necessary to
eliminate the chord marks and finish the curb face to a true
Good H o u s e k » » p l n | ; /
arc. With this additional work, however, the manufacturer
claims that the system is simpler and less expensive than
forming the curb face by alternate methods. Extra lengths of
cable are available so additional sections can be added if
necessary. When a short length of radius work is encountered
sections can be subtracted.
-. . : •
Manufacturer: Blaw-Knox Co., 301 F i f t h Ave., Pittsburgh. Pa.
W o v e n of S a r a n (Technical Literature, page 164)

160 Th« Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 AiclillBCh; I'slmiT, I [Link], Wilums A Ne% Balimotp, Mil.

H HE
TIME subscription #30-55119-08-04
went right along when Mr. and Mrs.
David H . Halle moved into this
new home in Pikesville, Maryland,
recently.

r j ^ H E HALLE H O M E is One o f m a n y "show-room" homes T I M E - h o m e s — a n d 4 0 9 , 5 0 0 T i M E - r e a d e r s t e l l us

reading f a m i l i e s are building or p l a n n i n g t o b u i l d i n better t h e y are i n t e r e s t e d i n b u y i n g or b u i l d i n g
r e s i d e n t i a l c o m m u n i t i e s f r o m coast t o c o a s t . . . new homes.

. . . h o m e s whose c o n s t r u c t i o n , m a t e r i a l s , a n d e q u i p - With double the average U. S. f a m i l y i n -

ment w i l l b e a d m i r e d , n o t e d , t a l k e d a b o u t —and come, TIME families can afFord to have

bought b y m i l l i o n s o f o t h e r U . S. f a m i l i e s . homes that their neighbors admire. And so

when you sell your new building products
Of course, n o t e v e r y one o f TIME'S 1,500.000 f a m i l i e s has a h o m e to the forward-looking, loolced-up-to TIME
l i k e t h i s , i n a c t u a l i t y or i n t h e b l u e p r i n t stage. B u t , as a g r o u p , t h e y market, you're well on the way to selling
o w n a l m o s t 1,300,000 a l l - y e a r homes a n d n e a r l y 100,000 seasonal the rest of the country too.

ADVERTISING OFFICES

NEW YORK . C H I C A G O • BOSTON • ATLANTA • PHILADELPHIA • CLEVELAND • DETROIT

ST. LOUIS • LOS ANGELES • S A N FRANCISCO • TORONTO • MONTREAL • LONDON

THE GATEWAY

61
TECHNICAL LITERATURE

PREFABRICATED HOUSES. M a n u a l o n W o o d C o n s t r u c t i o n and other factory techniques, the manual includes chapters
f o r P r e f a b r i c a t e d Houses. S u p e r i n t e n d e n t of D o c u m e n t s , Gov- on modern glues and ghiing methods; paints and painting
e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n 25, D . 0 . 330 p p . 7 13/16 X
10'/4 i n . P r i c e $1.50.
mcthiids for factory use and preservative treatments against
decay, insect attack, fire and other hazards. I t also discu-- -
This manual has been prepared to assist prefabricators in the seasoning and hanciUng of wood, plywood and other materials
WOOD CONSTRUCTION
more efficient utilization of lumber, plywood and related and the use of insulation. The strength of various materials,
materials so that production may be stimulated, technical joints and fastenings and of complete panels of houses is
problems overcome and better and more economical houses anaUzed in detail. More than 200 plmtographs and detail
produced. Published by the Housing & Home Finance drawings, illustrating processes, designs and techniques em-
Agency and the Office of the Housing Expediter, it embodies ployed by leading prefabricators are included.
the results of more than 12 years of research in prefabricated
house design and construction by the U . S. Forest Products
Laboratory and provides a basic source of scientific and engi- PREFABRICATED HOMES. C o m m e r c i a l S t a n d a r d OS 125-47.
neering information about wood and wood-base materials ( S e c o n d E d i t i o n ) S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U . S. G o v e r n -
m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C. 22 p p . 5 13/16 X Q'/g i n .
used in housing. I n addition to detailed discussions of P r i c e 10 c e n t s .
i i i r i l i u d - . (iesi}:ns. production processes, equipment, inspection
Revised since the original 1945 issue to conform with current
recommendations f o r new dwelling building code recfuire-
i i i r n i s . iliis standard is designed to [Link] a measure of

quality for prefabricated homes. I t provides minimum

AT LAST ii'(|iiiri-nients for 1. 1^/^ and 2-story prefabricated homes,
c D V c r s Mich siilijccls as li^ihl and vcniilation. sjiacc. access and
AN AUTHENTIC
privacy, structural strength of the various component jiarts,
thermal insulation and condensation control, heating, plumb-

N E W ing and electrical wiring. I t also includes general require-

ments f o r materials and workmanship, site erection and
assembly of prefabricated units and protection during trans-
portation and erection.

PILING. F o s t e r ' s L i g h t - w e i g h t I n t e r l o c k i n g S t e e l - S h e e t P i l i n g .
L . B . F o s t e r C o . , P . O. B o x 1647, P i t t s b u r g h 30, P a . 4 p p . ZVz
X 11 i n .

THAT'S EASY TO USE! L . B. Foster's new light-weight interlocking stccl -heet piling
EXACT MIXING is described in this folder. The advantages, physical charac-
teristics and suggested applications of the high stren<;th. box
INSTRUCTIONS! type corrugated piling are briefly reviewed.

STEEL FLOORING. Fenestra Building Panels f o r U p - T o -

Oate-l-louses. D e t r o i t S t e e l P r o d u c t s C o . , 2250 E . G r a n d B l v d . ,
D e t r o i t 1 1 . M i c h . 4 p p . S'/s x 11 i n .

Information on Fenestra .Steel Floor panels which conihine

joists, bridging and sub-flooring is provided i n this folder.
ONLY $L50 AT YOUR O'BRIEN
Subjects discussed include: advantages, sizes, safe loads,
DEALER, OR SEND THE COUPON TODAY! installation and finishes. Use of the panels in connection with
radiant heating is also featured.
T h e n e w 1948 O ' B r i e n C O L O R M A N U A L a n d C O L O R - S C H E M E
G U I D E is one o f the m o s t p r a c t i c a l a n d c o n v e n i e n t c o l o r t o o l s ever
WALL COVERING. IVIarlite P l a s t i c - F i n i s h e d W a l l a n d C e i l i n g
p r e p a r e d f o r architects' use! Panels. Marsh Wall P r o d u c t s , I n c . , D o v e r , O h i o . 8 p p . 83^ x
11 i n .
F u l l p a g e c o l o r swatches p e r m i t accurate v i s u a l i z a t i o n o f more than
100 u p - t o - t h e - m i n u t e c o l o r s d e v e l o p e d by O ' B r i e n C o l o r Stylists t o Marsh W a l l Products' 1948 general catalog contains informa-
h a r m o n i z e w i t h latest fabrics, draperies, floor c o v e r i n g s . H a n d y p o c k e t tion on Marhte plastic-fiuislicd wall and ceiling panels. Maish
size — 7 " X 3-3/8". E v e r y c o l o r i n d e x e d b y n a m e and n u m b e r ! C O L O R - moldings, bathroom accessories, adhesives. calking and pol-
S C H E M E G U I D E includes suggestions f o r every t y p e r o o m i n h o m e s , ish. The data on Marlite includes facts about use. installation,
b u i l d i n g s , i n s t i t u t i o n s . Easy, exact p a i n t m i x i n g f o r m u l a e . E l i m i n a t e
colors, patterns and finishes as well as specifications. The
g u e s s w o r k , e x p e r i m e n t i n g , c o n f u s i o n — save valuable time! Y o u r O ' B r i e n
section devoted to Marsh moldinjis illustrates the various
dealer has a c o p y f o r y o u , o r send t h e c o u p o n t o d a y !
designs and patterns and gives complete information and
specifications on the aluminum alloy, Presdwood and plastic
* t n v e s t i g a t e O ' B r i e n ' s P E N - C H R O M E new " B l o n d e " Wood Finisties in ten u s e f u l , modern t i n t s !
types. The bathroom accessory line is also illustrated.

THE O'BRIICN COIU'[Link].N

U N . Johnson St.. Di-pt. .V-'i. .^outli Bend 2 1 , Indiana HEATING. C a p t u r e t h e S u n W i t h H y d r o - F l o H e a t i n g . B e l l &.
Itiisli ii'IUiin COLOR [Link].M- and [Link]-SCHKMS; G o s s e t t C o . . M o r t o n G r o v e , I I I . 18 p p . S'/a x 11 i n .
(illlUE. I ptidose $1.50 • money order • clipck. • ^e"*
free PI^N-rHROMB Folder. Capture the Sun (|r>cril)cs in simple language the application
NAME- of forced hot water to all forms of jianel and convector heat-
ADDRESS. ing. I t discusses the equipment (Continued on [mge 164)

152 "^^^ Architectural F O R U M June 1948

1 P)(11(iiloiii('s . y S . v
POST I H o i v e Burnm
L TELL THE S A M E S T O R Y : ^ M /

^^^That's why, f o r completely satisfactory

a u t o m a t i c h o t w a t e r , you can d e p e n d on

WATER
HEATERS

Readers o f these magazines r u n "Permaglas" advertisements rank

i n t o m i l l i o n s . B u t i t is the h u n - consistently a m o n g the best-read
dreds, o r thousands, i n yo/zr com- o f all advertisements.
munity that mean most to y o u .
T h e y w a n t this w a t e r heater
[Link] p e o p l e k n o w a b o u t "Per- w i t h t h e t a n k o f glass-fused-to-
;//</;'/</v. " T h e y have been r e a d i n g steel t h a t C A N ' T rust o u t . T h a t ' s
a b o u t "Permaglas" m o n t h i n and w h a t they g e t w h e n y o u specify
m o n t h o u t ^ — n o t just o f f and o n a Permaglas W a t e r H e a t e r . A s k us
a n d t h e i r h i g h i n t e r e s t has m a d e f o r c o m p l e t e specifications, t o d a y .

mm
A . O. SMITH C O R P .
Dept. A F - 6 4 8 Name.
K a n k o k e e Works
K o n k a k e e , Illinois Firm.
Without obligation, send spe-
cifications on these SMITHway
Street.
W a ' e r Heaters:
• G a s W a t e r Heaters
• Elec ric W a t e r Heaters City. .State.
• Bo.h G o s and Electric

Naw Yorkl? * Atlanta 3 * Cliicago 4 • Houston 2 • Seattle I \ los Angeles 14 • International Division: Milwaukee I • titensee in Canada: John Inglis Co.,ltd.

Manufacturers also of better zinc-lined Duraclad and Milwaukee Water Heaters

163
 required for Hydro-Flo Heating and covers the application of struction and operation of the valve assembly. Following
ihis equipment to radiator, convector, baseboard and radiant pages illustrate and explain the various types of Feather
panel systems. Other sections review the advantages of a B. & Touch lavatory, sink and combination swing spout fixtures;
G. Hydro-Flo System, explain its efficiency in supplying hot faucets, snap-lock pop-up lavatory waste, drain plugs, spring-
water and tell how it can be used for zoning the home or flow aerator, etc.. available.
apartment. Fully illustrated, the btioklet also points out how
Hydro-Flo can be applied to existing hot water systems. KITCHENSi It's the U l t r a - M o d e r n , Adaptable Parsons Pureaire
Kitchen. The P a r s o n s Co. 15000 O a k l a n d A v e . . D e t r o i t 3. Mich.
4 pp. 8I/2 X 11 i n .
PLUMBING FIXTURES. Prestige Feather Touch Fixtures and
Faucets. H. B. Salter M f g . Co., M a r y s v i l l e , Ohio. 8 pp. S'/a Parsons' packaged Pureaire kitchens, complete units that
X 11 i n .
occupy less than 8 sq. ft. of floor space and include the raiitir
This booklet describes the recently introduced line of Feather (either gas or electric), sink, oven, refrigerator and storage
Touch faucets which ft-ature a new valve design to achieve space, are featured in this brief but enlightening pamphlet.
finger-tip operation and drip-prnof service. The opening sec- TIH- f o u r availalile models are illustrated and their specifica-
tion discusses and illustrates with cut-away diagrams the con- tions given. A brief list of the unit's advantages, a pluniliin;i
diagram and photographic examples of how the Pureaire fits
in new or remodeled a|»arlnienls. cottages, motels and small
l i o i i K ' s are also included.

MAINTENANCE! Copper, Brass, Bronze. Copper & Brass

R e s e a r c h A s s o c i a t i o n , 420 L e x i n g t o n A v e . , New York, N . Y.
A Z T i C I 28 p p . 8 9/16 X 11 i n .

Probably the most complete work on this subject ever com-

TAKES A BACK SEAT HERE! piled, this handbook answers many (|iic>l i o n s 011 I lie main-
tenance, cleaning, restoration, finishing and ccdoring of
copper, brass and bronze. The booklet discusses these prob-
The Aztecs were noted f o r the magnifi- channels. The proscenium and the lems objectively. It includes reliable formulas and ilirections
and offers the best available advice on llic nuiiiileiuiiice of
cence o f their public building.s. But even President's Stand are covered w i t h Flat
copper and [Link] alloys which are so widely used for
Montezuma had nothing like this. Cut W a l n u t Flexwood.
architectural tjrnamenlation, and utilitarian purjioses.
Notice how architect, M a r i o Pani, Here is an example of Flexwood's
has blended p r i m i t i v e m o t i f and mod- adaptability to modern design. Yet rhis
REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION
ern design i n the strikingly beautiful versatile decorative material is equally
23 Pedersen St., Cape Town,
DKSICNKD F I ' H N I T U R E M A . N U F A C T U R E I I S ,
Mexico City N o r m a l School. at home i n classic interiors.
South .Africa, retpiests l i t i T a t u n - on the >lfsi;:n an<l construction of
And . . . f o r the interior . . . to com- Flexwood is genuine wood on a fab- restaurants, also o n store fittings and modern furniture.

plement this splendor, M r . Pani chose ric backing. Easy to install, i t saves i n JosEiMi Fnu;i)MAN, housinp manap<'r. .New York Housinj; -Authority,
llri:ii Park Houses, 60-14 97th St., (iorona, N. Y. desire^ inloi nKilion
Flex-wood. The auditorium has A v o d i r e remodeling because time — and money-
on repairs, maintenance and replarement of items used in large
Flexwood on the curved walls. Tiger- c o n s u m i n g s t r u c t u r a l w o r k is h e l d I>ublic housinp develoimicnts with special emphasis on electrical,
wood covers the c e i l i n g lighting to a m i n i m u m . plumliinp and carpentry work.
KEITII H I M : I M : I . I F F , Assistant Professor, University of Illinois Col-
You'll f i n d a wide
lege of Agriculture, Agricultural KxperimenI Station, [Link]. III.
variety of beautiful requests manufacturers' literature jicrtaining to small house con-
veneers available f r o m struction.
selected flitches o f the KENNKTH 1. J O S E P H . Redl)ourne. Hiphlands Ave., Brentwood, Essex,
world's finest woods . . . Enpland, requests information on the development of residential
siii)(h\isions, including plaiininf!;, coiistnution methods and
domestic and imported.
materials.
You should have com- .|i![Link] VosCH, stained plass manufacturer. 21.S Rue de I'Ete, Ixelles,
plete details o n Flex- Belgium, would like to contact U. S. lirms that iviiglit in- interested
in luuidling their products in the U. S.
wood. W e ' l l be glad to
A. A H T I I I R [Link], instructor. [Link] County Adult Technical
send y o u samples and
School, 222 Morris \ \ ' . . Newark, N. J , desires literature and sam-
f u l l specifications. Just ples of building nuUerials for classroom use and discussion.
write direct to:

REQUESTS FOR LITERATURE

[Link] G. CHALMERS, designer, I I'* St. Johns Rd., Toronto No. 9,
I FLEXGLASS
UNITED STATES PLYWOOD CORPORATION Ont.
FLEXWOOD Dept. F, 55 West 44th Street, New York 18, N.Y. RAI.I'II E. DAI.K, architect and liuilder, 1207 Trenton St., .Seattle 8,
? BLANCHARDIZED
Wash.
LEATHERWALL Flexwood and Flexglass are manufactured
t LEATHERFLOOR and marketed j o i n t l y by U n i t e d States F. WALLACE DIXON, architect, 1200 18th St.. N.W.. Washington,
CHECKWOOD P l y w o o d C o r p o r a t i o n and T h e Mengel D. C.
Company. H. L. EiSEKLoit, architectural student, 2802 Rio Grande, Austin, Tex.

154 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 ADVANTAGES OF RAYMOND
CONCRETE PILES -NO. 1

OTHER ADVANTAOBS:
Grealor Carrying Capacity * Uniform Bearing
Capacity • Engineered for the Job • Saving in
Conwnjcfion Cost • Complete Satisfaction

Every Raymond Concrete

Pile is a permanent achieve-
ment, accomplished by a
series of carefuUy planned
steps. When you specify
Raymond Concrete Piles
you can be sure of a safe
subsurface support that is
permanent.

Cansttll our engineers for

the rest of the facts.

tt€« Mft so T » M t ' SwrviM at EUMOMthport lar

d w Cuatrct l U i l r o w l ot N » w J a r w y -

SCOPE OF RAYMOKD'S ACTIVITIES

includes every recognised type of pile
foundation - concrete, composite, pre-
cast, steel, pipe and wood. Also ceissons,
underpinning, construction involving
shore protection, shipbuilding facili- CONCRETE PILE CO
ties, harbor end river improvemeiUs B r w o b OtfioM In P r i n d p a l CltiM

and borings for soil investigation.

140 CEDAR STREET NFW y O R K 4. N . Y

165
 PRODUCTS AND PRACTICE

LIGHTING WITH PAINT

LUMINESCENT PAINTS ate available* tlir..ut.'li<>iil the country:
P. American Luminous Products Co.. 6420 Marbrisa Ave..
Huntington Park, Calif.
P. C. M . Athey Paint Co.. 1809 Bayard St., Bahiniore 30. M d .
P. Devoe & Raynolds Co.. Inc., 44th St. and First Ave., New
'[Link] 17. N. Y .

Shower Cabinet
B. Federal Fluorescent Co., Inc.. 134 W. Broadway, New
York 13, N . Y .
D E S I G N N O . 2 0 0 0 . C P. FIcxoid Laboratories, 19385 M t . Elliott Ave., Detroit 12,
Mich.
The finest in shower cabinet design and construction,
P. Forman. Ford & Co., 111-123 .Second Si.. S.. Minneapolis
now again available for inslallalion in liallinMims where 1. Minn.
P. (;i..-[Link].- Co.. 2841 W. Lawrence .Ave.. Chica^;... 111.
the ultimate in luxury is desired.
B. [Link] (;iic!iii< iiU. Itic. ."i.'[Link] Tniiliy A\c.. Cliii ajio. 111.
Back wall |)ancls arc \Nliile vitreous porcelain enamel, P. Tlir [Link] Products Co.. 1978 .Sterling .St.. Philadel-
glass panels set in solid [Link] chrotiiiurn plated frame. phia 38. Pa.
Receptor deep lyjie terrazzo generous size with overall B. Mastt-rniix I'ainI & Laquer Corp., 348 Van Buren St.,
dimensions 40"x40"xo0". Architcrls. liuilders and home .Newark. N. J.
P. Sania Paint & Lacquer Co., 1943 Webster .\ve.. Bn»nx.
owners will welcome back this Fiat shovxer cabinet that
N.Y.
typifies luxury shower bathing e<|uipment.
P. [Link] Paints. Inc.. 229 Easl 42nd St.. New York 17. N. Y .
P. Securily Paint M f g . Co.. 2811 Alcazar, Los Angeles 33.
Calif.
B. BL Shannon Luminous Materials Co.. 7354 Santa Monica
Blvd.. Hollywood. 46, Calif.
F. BL. Siroblite Co., 35 W . 52nd St.. New York 19. N . ' l .
B. Vo;:el Luminescence Corp.. 260 Napoleon .San Fran-
cisco 24. Calif.
P. Worth Lacquer & Chemical Co.. Inc., 540 Broadway.
Brooklyn 6. N. Y .
The following manufaeliircrs scW luminescent paints only in
larger size packages or bulk (|uantities:
B. Burgess Fobes Co.. 108 Commercial St.. Portland 6, Me.
B. The Debevoise Co.. 968 Crand St.. Brooklyn 6. N . Y.
B. The Egyptian Lacquer M f g . Co.. Jacobus Ave.. Soul It
Kearney. N . J.
B. Midi-ontinent Paint & Lactpier Co.. 1921 Central Ave..
Kansas City, Mo.
B. Phelan-Faust Paint M f g . Co., 932 Loughborough Ave..
.St. Louis. Mo.
B. Pratt & Lambert. Inc.. 7.') 'I'ouawanda Si.. Buffalo 7, N . Y.
B. Thompson & Co.. 1085 Alleghany Ave.. Oakmont. Pa.
COMPLETE "BLACK LIGHT" UNITS:
Black Light Products Co.. 232 East Erie St., Chicago 11. III.
Hanovia Chemical & M f g . Co., 233 N.J.R.R. Ave..- Newark.
N. J.
Switzer Bros., 1220 Huron Road, Cleveland 15, Ohio.
Century Lighting. Inc.. 419 West .'j5tli St., New York, N . Y.
Keese Engineering Co.. 7354 Santa Monica Blvd., Hollywood
46. Calif.
Stroblite Co., 35 West 52nd St., New York 19, N . Y .
George W. Gates Co.. Franklin Square. Long Island, N . Y.
Kliegl Bros. Universal Elec. Stage Lighting Co., Inc., 321 W.
60th St.. New York. N . Y .
LAMPS OR PARTS ONLY:

'ml (General Electric Co.. Lamp Div.. .Nela Park. Cleveland. Ohio.
Westingliouse Lamp Div., Westinghouse Electric Cor|)..
• p iiuiirales company liandle.s phosphorescent paints only:
MloomHcld.
F, fluorescentNpaint.s
. J.
1 2 0 3 ROSCOE ST.. C H I C A G O 1 3 , ILL.
LONG ISLAND CITY 1, N . Y . LOS ANGELES 33, CALIF.
only. B, both phosphorescent and fluorescent
Svlvania
paints; BL,Electric Pnxl..
black light Inc.. [Link] Div.. l|i>wich. Mass.
eiiuipnieni.
In C o n o d a Fial showers a r e m a n u f a e t y r e d by Porcelain a n d Metal Products, Ltd., Orillio; O n t .

166 '^^^ A r c h H ^ - ' - V F O R U M June 1948

 In Poughkeepsie, Cleveland, Trenton, Los Angeles,
and in other communities throughout the country,
Poughkeepsie New Yorker Building
the people view with pride their landmarks oj time
— tower clocks and outside clocks in the leading
banks, schools, municipal buildings, department
stores, terminals, industrial concerns.

To assure consistently dependable operation of such

clocks, I B M manufactures tower clock movements
of fine workmanship. These movements can be in-
stalled with an I B M tower clock, or can be used to
modernize worn-out or obsolete tower clocks.
All faces of a tower clock are held to accurate, uni-
form time by an I B M Self-regulating Master Time
Control which eliminates manual setting of hands.
John Carroll University The same Control also will regulate any number of
indicating clocks, signals, attendance and job cost
recorders, and time stamps throughout the building.

For further information on I B M tower clocks, move-

ments, and time controls, write to the address below.

TIME RECORDERS AND

ELECTRIC TIME SYSTEMS
PROOF MACHINES • ELECTRIC PUNCHED CARD
ACCOUNTING MACHINES AND SERVICE BUREAU
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67
 64
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Picture Windows make rooms seem larger by
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158 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 How to reduce
present building costs
...future maintenance

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^ under harder than w i t h extremely l o n g life.
average service prove
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^ In the construction
i n corrosive atmosphere. W h y s u l p h u r i c acid tanks
of these plants, office
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these coatings stand up o v e r f l o w . W h y they are used as l i n i n g i n concrete
under heat and cold,
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T h e r e are many m o r e reasons f o r i n v e s t i g a t i n g fin-

ishes based o n V I N Y L I T E Resins. T h e y p r o v i d e h a r d ,
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69
 isn"t any. In fact, the chapter entitled "Guerre!" devotes ten
lines to the plighl of humanity, the rest to the usual abstract
cerebrations. Its final sentence holds the key: "The initiated
is the stronger man who will one day explain." (Italics mine)
!
By comparison. Mr. Papadaki's book may seem unlyrical
but it is an extremely sane and auth(uitative volume. Rather
than trying to correlate Le Corbusier's work, it divides it into
four phases, architecture, town j)lanning. painting and writing.
These secti(ms are acconi[)anied by some good introductory
words by Joseph llndiiut. Dr. S. Ciedeon. J . L . Sert and James
Thrall .*>oby. It is the better designed, better jiroduced and
[Link] partisan of the two^—with or without the magic touch of
the master. Neither, for a woiuler. in< lude any of the shaky
line sketches that usually go along with an opus Corbu, to the
reader's continuing dislraclion.
Well, these are two more hooks to add to your collection.
writer T! are. broadly speaking, above par and probably should
be acquired to complete the picture if nothing else. Bi>tli
have, added as a sort of consolation prize. Corbu's "Modulor."
O f scale of i i i e a s i i i r n i i M i l based on huiiuin p m p o r l i o n s . Ii may

revolulioni/e the metric and all other systems but if it gives

the reader that I've-been-here-before feeling, look to antiquity.
.Somehow this splurge of organization, summation and cor-
relation has about it a note of finality. This though, reason
tells us. is not probable.
New World of Space. By Le Corbusler. R e y n a l &. H i t c h c o c k , There's just one thing left that bothers this reviewer:
New York. 128 p p . I l l u s t r a t e d 11 x 8>/2. $6. Could Macnnllairs left hand have known what Hitchcock's
right was doing?—M.S.
Le Corbusler, architect, painter, writer. By stamo Papadaki.
T h e M a c m i l l a n Co., N e w Y o r k . 152 p p . Illustrated. I I ' A x S'/j.
$7.50.
Concerning Town Planning. By Le corbusier. The Architec-
Considering the frightening frequency with which books by tural Press, London, England. 127 p p . Illustrated. 8 % x 5!^^.
Le Corbusier have been appearing ( F o r u m , Apr., Aug. '47) 10/6.
it is not exactly surprising to find tiie production schedule Nor are the English exem[)t from the onslaught of
tripjiiiig il-self, us. and two appearing at once in the U. S. Le Corbusier in prose. First editions, .second editions trans-
Despite the fact that one is by him and tlie other about him lations and reprints continue to pour into the reviewer's
and that they are published by competing firms, both are office at short intervals. This last, originally published
destined for the vast compost heap of recent literature con- in Paris in 1946 under the title Propos dWrbanisme, is
cerning "Corbu." If things go on this way much longer, Kilroy heralded by the English publisher as the Master's most impor-
will find him-seif elbowed out. tant postwar book. Individual problems excepted, it is diffi-
F. .S. Wright, of the Institute of Contemporary Arl in cult to find anything in the text that does not appear in every
Boston, who wrote the foreword to fiew World of Space, claims other Corbu manuscript. As usual we begin and end with the
that it provides a "visible summation" of Le Corbusier's solar day, the "metronome of human activities." As usual
work in painting and architecture, [Link] in chronological there are the indefinite laws of "sun. space, verdure" labeled
order. It's just as well that he used the term "visible" since 1, 2. 3. .\s usual Le Corbusier is enraged over human conduct:
"summation" can be applied only to the illustrative material "Men are fools (the dictionary says: autonomous, [Link]. reflec-
which, happily, far exceeds the text. Actually, the book's tive, reasoning feeling); but men are not wise, reflective or
greatest value is probably its chronology of mixed painting feeling, for they remember nothing, feel nothing, see noth-
and architecture which at least permits the reader of average ing. . . ." As usual he waxes eloquent, confident and con-
I . Q - to make some sort of an intelligent study and to draw [Link] over the physical aspects of city planning, tosses
his own conclusions. It is also convenient to find within a aside the tmly question on ways and means with an ambiguous:
single binding all the masterpieces which have been kicking " F I N A N C E ? To see that the house is without walls and
around individually, in duplicate and in triplicate for years. without a roof, its foundation shattered. To take off one's
The teJ^t is as outrageous as ever with all the familiar C«irbu jacket, roll up one's sleeve and get started. 'Let the farmer
understatement and incoherence that merely implies an ego- farm, the bricklayer lay bricks, and the manufacturer manu-
tism of fantastic proportions. In view of the fact that the facture.' One eats to live; one does not live to eat. Translate
Maciiiiliaii hook coiilaiiis a chapter on I.e Corbusier. Writer, into the language of finance. . .
this criticism may be a trump on the partner's ace. Therefore,
Clive Entwhistle. the author's translator for this particular
let us hasten to add that writer Papadaki has included <mly
lilt of invective, claims that Le Corbusier is not a man but an
four carefully selected specimens of prose all of which are
ideal. Architecturally speaking, this is most certainly so but
polished—and make sense.
in his writing the incessant repetition of such glorious simpli-
In Mriv World of Space Le Corbusier teases around with fications is as useless as it is monotonous and, except for first
the war years, a period during which his activities and attitude rung disciples, pretty unconvincing. Le Corbusier. however,
were subjects of intense interest and speculation. Naturally, is but one of several superior minds of our day who can never
it would be too much to hope for a statement of faith. There (Continued on page 172)

170 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

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17
 seem to breach the gap between reality and Utopia to the
THE AIR YOU HEATHE SHOULD BE »S PURE »S THE WATER TDU ORIKR satisfacti(m of the everyday man on whom they must depend
for the dirty work. Concerning Totvn Planning deals as
specifically as can be expected with the problems of European
reconstruction. I t is, of course, nothing but La Villc Radieuse
turning up with its hair dyed. Scarcely anyone would have
IT'S expected anything else, so why go on about it? The sketches
arc i i|iiall\ imiisiiii;.;uishal)le and cannot help but recall llie
remark of one critic; that they are nothing short of "insulting."
May we suggest a few pointers by Ivy Lee.—M.S.

How to Draw Churches and Cathedrals, J. Frederick Adams.

The Studio Publications, London and New York. 63 pp. S'/j x
6%. Illustrated. $1.00.

The author of this interesting small book presents his informa-

tion informally as a conversation with the reader. There are
-•iinrt discussions of drawing materials—the kinds of pencils
and paper to use, and tlie methods of using them to achieve
best results. Concise but clear instructions are given in the
handling of perspective, and light and shade. Reproductions
of many excellent drawings by the author portray cathedrals,
country churches, and enlargements of details, all of wliii li
serve not only as illustrations, but as useful guides for the
drawing student. The work will be valuahle to heginners in
art and architecture, and perhaps to vacationists. The
churches described are ail in England.—M.T.

Introduction to Cartooning. By Richard Tayloi. Watson-

Guptill Publications, I n c . , 345 H u d s o n S t r e e t , New York, N. Y .
159 pp. I l l u s t r a t e d . lO'A x T ' / j . $5.

Best known f o r his sophisticated cartoons which aj)pear regu-

larly in The New Yorker, M r . Taylor is also a painter of sonic
repute and is represented in New York's [Link] of Modern
A r t , the Boston Museum of Fine A r t , the Albright Gallery in
Buffalo, Kansas' Wichita Museum, and many private collec-
tions. This more sober side of his art implies that the author s
• m i i i i technique goes a little deeper than the vocabulary of the two
buildings b e c o m e " b a k e o v e n s " . . . a n dimensional comic strip. And so it does. This book offers
I L G N i g h t C o o l i n g System b e c o m e s a a sound and informative basis f o r life drawing as well as f o r
prized possession. It's quiet (direct- humorous illustration. I t does not purport to be a "course
drive), you b a r e l y h e a r it. It's p o w e r - in cartooning," contains no series of lessons or prescribed
ful e n o u g h to bring in a refreshing
exercises, but rather assumes the function of general guide
and presupposes that the reader who attempts to follow
breeze of cool nighttime a i r . It h a s
through is equipped with average intelligence, considerable
proved itself in homes, apartments,
talent, an insatiable love for drawing itself and the great
stores, offices, throughout the l a n d
imponderable, humor.
w h e r e v e r p e o p l e live, work, shop, or
I n M r . Taylor's eyes the qualifications f o r a first class
p l a y . G e t complete details on this e c o - cartoonist are pretty stringent and he does his best to discour-
nomicol, long life, healthful system for age all but the most promising. He does not believe that
hot w e a t h e r comfort send c o u p o n or anyone can be successful by taking a course in cartooning
p h o n e n e a r b y B r a n c h O f f i c e (consult anymore than he can emerge a second da Vinci merely by
classified d i r e c t o r y ) . attending art school. Most significant in the selection of
promising student material is the presence or absence of
humor—something one simply has or has not. Unfortunately,
nearly everyone fancies himself a wit, an assumption that is
ILG ELECTRIC VENTILATING C O . , 2899 N. Crawford Avenue apparently derived f r o m the fact that once in a while all
Chicago 41, III. Offices in more than 40 Principal Cities
• Send complete data on I LG Night Cooling Systems human beings laugh. Cartooning, like the stage, wisely i f
cruelly shows up the quality and refinement of humor long
• Send free copy of bulletin No. 6T4
before the technique of the calling is perfected. Nevertheless,
Firm Name
even an embryonic sense of humor can be groomed and
FREE-Colorful
Individual... - Title. Bulletin No. 614 whetted by cultivation.
shows various
Street.. Zone... types of I I G
Night Cooling The author makes a few simple but highly pertinent points
City - - - State. Systems. about cartooning, hinging a chapter on each. First is the
(Continued on page 174)

72 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

plant an idea m the right mind...
and you influence many minds

Touch the right domino and a whole row goes down. So, too, when the impulse
of an idea is < ommunlcated through the right mind.
As a channel of communication to many right minds FORTUNE has a
greater opportunity today than ever in its history. Common awareness is essen-
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173
 assumption that tiie basis (»f hiiniurnus art—or drawing of
any sort, for that matter—is construction. To this. M r . Taylor
devotes the larger part of his book, concentrating on human
form which is more important to the cartoonist than to any
I II I iM--;i "iher artist. He finds that the simplest method for learning
let draw Man. (and one he acknowledges to be very ancient),
is the old art school system of classical proportions; first
conceiving the figure as a sort of wooden doll minus all
3fc features, muscles and other details. Following, are chapters
which deal with various aspects (»f detail—action and expres-
sion, composition, humor, technique, and perspective, the last
• which is dealt with very competently if briefly and unpre-
tentiously. Included in M r . Taylor's compact treatise are
short chapters (m marketing and equipment, some invaluable
•4
miscellaneous "tips" and a list of suggested reading.
Some FORUM readers may wimder why so much attention
lias hi-rn given to a book on ciirtooning in a magazine of
hiiilding. The answer: competent and successful architects
all over the world are constantly worrying and fretting about
the importance of presentation. Many are bitter about the
appeal of a slick, attractive sketch or perspective. M r . Taylor's
advice on style and technique could do a lot toward enlivening
arcliite«'tural presentation in general. His figures, stripped
of the Taylor hallmark, would be a vast improvement over
the little lumps of supposed humanity that adorn so many
rendering.s. Furthermore, the importance of lively illustration
grows steadily more obvious in magazines and house books.
This is probably best exemplified in Elizabeth Mock's. .So You
H unt to Build a House which employs the talent of the
incomparable Robert Osborn. Through cartooning, charts
STYLING CAN CHANGE WITH THE also take a new lease on the reader's interest. These are fields
directly connected with the practice of architecture and it is
SEASONS WHEN BASED ON ^ / ^ e ^ safe to assume that Richard Tayhir's book will prove valuable
I n y o u r houses, owners can change f r o m w i n t e r to a number of the professi<m.—M.S.
t o summer f u r n i s h i n g s and s t i l l have harmonious
r o o m s — p r o v i d e d the flooring is oak.
CORNWALL. By Peggy Pollard. Paul EIek Publishers. 47 pp.
T h e mellow luster o f t h i s r i c h wood blends s u b t l y
Illustrated. 9'/4 x 7'/4. 9/6 net.
w i t h the s o f t , cool pastels o f summer, and glows
w a r m l y a m i d the bolder tones o f w i n t e r decor. Miss Pollard's book on Cornwall is one of a series being
Seasonal s t y l i n g becomes f a r m o r e flexible and eco- jirodiiced by a group of distinguished writers and illustrators
under the group title Vision of England.
n o m i c a l w h e n such an adaptable flooring is used.
Cornividl is by no means a guide-book nor is it an archi-
T h e same a d a p t a b i l i t y t o new ideas and styles
tectural study. Although the author deals largely with Cornish
lasts f o r the life o f the home. N e w wallpaper or
history, its old wives' tales, its harbors and chapels, it would
paints meet no discords f r o m b e a u t i f u l oak. The be wrong to suggest that she dotes on a lifeless past or that
n a t u r a l grain and t e x t u r e f o r m a harmonious base she would like to emhalm its traditions for the toiiri-ls. She
f o r whatever colors and styling may be chosen would not. Her interest i n Cornwall is alive and looks to the
i n replacing the o r i g i n a l decor. future. The old industries of copper and tin mining and fish-
The most versatile floors y o u can suggest— ing are. unfortunately, alm«ist extinct and to her anxiety,
and a t the same t i m e , those w i t h the m o s t en- Cornwall depends for its wealth on the tourist traffic. Why
d u r i n g beauty—are oak. shouldn't Cornwall have a cultural future? Why can't there
be a plan to promote the mines and the pilchard fisheries?
W hy can't there be water and electricity for the farms and
ASK FOR ARCHITECTS* DATA 600K—which gives quick and
usable information for specifying, laying, finishing and
a good water supply for all Cornwall? Coastal scenery
maintaining oak floors. Available from your local oak should be preserved by the formation of national parks and
flooring dealers or from the National Oak in this connection the auth«>r relates vividly the pre-war strug-
Flooring Manufacturers' Association,
gles of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England with
B14 Sterick Building, Memphis, Tenn.
the jerry-built villa and its post-war struggles with Government-
installed aerodromes. She praises Lord Clifden for the part
he has played in reforesting large areas of devastated wood-
land. She wishes that new building in Cornwall should har-
monize with its surroundings: "the gray and white, the simple
shapes . . . without imitation half-timber work, stained glass,
curly red finials and rusticated concrete blocks."

Although Miss Pollard is a lover of old stories she gives

(Continued on page 178)

I 74 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

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175
 M O D E R N

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command. T h a t ' s w h y the brass a p a r t under any c o n d i t i o n w h i c h duces a complete line of Walseal
and copper pipe r u n s of t r u l y the pipe or t u b i n g can w i t h s t a n d . Valves, F i t t i n g s and Flanges f o r
modern b u i l d i n g s a r e specified Silbraz j o i n t s actually make m a k i n g Silbraz j o i n t s — the m o d -
Silbraz—the m o d e r n w a y of j o i n - the brass or copper pipe or t u b i n g e r n method of j o i n i n g brass o r
i n g brass o r copper pipe o r T y p e i n t o "one-piece pipelines" t h a t copper p i p i n g . F o r f u r t h e r i n -
B copper t u b i n g . Silbraz j o i n t s save y o u money by e l i m i n a t i n g f o r m a t i o n , see y o u r nearest W a l -
are silver brazed — not soldered leaky connections, costly m a i n - worth distributor, or write f o r
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D I S T R I B U T O R S I N P R I N C I P A L C E N T E R S T H R O U G H O U T T H E W O R L D

17^ The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

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177
 (inly a sidel«»ng glance to the Arthurian legends because all
these aspects of Cornwall have been discussed before: she
assumes in her opening sentence, "Everybody knows every-
• ••faster lliing aliiiut Cornwall already." Therefore we are given amus-

installation ing tales about St. Endelienta and St. Menefreda—with the
author's comment. " I do not see why we cannot have funny

of central saints: laughter . . . is the frequent complement of love;"

recipes for scald cream and elderflower champagne: a great
systems • • • deal of useful information on the p<»wers of black witchcraft
versus white: on the Small People who have lived in Corn-

usAIRcB wall f o r thousands of years, and on goats.

We are told that the series is to be intimate and discursive
in style ratlu-r than furmally descriptive- and Miss Pollard's
"R-K" <niilriiiMlion has most successfully fallen in with the plan.

Packaged Her style is relaxed and conversational, her paragraphs slmrl

and. under no compulsion to be logical, she constantly
Air iiilinduces amusing anecdotes and local legends with a liappy-
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Conditioning Accompanying Miss Pollard's ehapli r- an- 15 pages of
charming photographs, several sketches and watercolors
by Sven Berlin and two maps, one dated 16'l-2. the other,
ccmtemporary. M.S.

SCHWEIZER HOLZHAUSER AUS DEN JAHREN I920-I940.

By Paul Artari.T. W e p f &, C o . . V e r l a g B a s e l , S w i t z e r l a n d . 121 pp.
I l l u s t r a t e d . 6% x9<A. S w . F r . 10.

This is an exceptionally good pictorial presentation of Swiss

residential building—single family dwellings—«tver a period
of 20 years. Aside f r o m a short introduction in (rerman show-
ing the regional architectural antecedents of the country no
text is included, so it is not necessary to be a linguist in order
to appreciate the book. A l l photographs are accompanied by
cross-sections and plans which, of course, have German
hill ;ii r r a - i l \ li^iiu'd ( h i I . The iiNcrall arrliitrcl iiraI
standard is high and quickly dispels the impression of
austerity that many people connect with Swiss houses. As
miglit be expected, a national dearth of sanitary facilities is
revealed and what few fixtures there are seem quaintly
arranged according to American standards. This. h«)wever,
SAVE T I M E . . . SAVE MONEY WITH scarcely requires comment since most people reali/.e that
Refrigerated K o o l e r - a i r e . . . Europeans are not ready to buy the glory and supremacy of
the American bathroom. No city houses are included but the
I n t h e new u s A I R c o " p a c k -
majority of examples shown seem to be planned for year-
aged" air c o n d i t i o n i n g system,
round living. M.S.
y o u get a compact u n i t t h a t is
°Pero,-
delivered ready f o r i m m e d i a t e
CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE IN BRASIL. Published
and l o w cost i n s t a l l a t i o n . A v a i l -
by O r g a n i r a d o P e l a R e v l s t a A n t e - P r o j e t o , R i o de J a n e i r o , B r a z i l ,
able i n sizes f r o m 3 t o 40 tons
143 pp. Illustrated. 13 x 9'/2. Cr$200.
capacity, the R E F R I G E R A T E D
K o o L E R - A i R E does the complete Even though, architecturally speaking. Brazil is one of the
j o b o f air c o n d i t i o n i n g — c o o l - world's most alive and progressive countries, until 1945 no
ing, d e h u m i d i f y i n g , and c i r c u - professional magazines were published there. Native archi-
l a t i n g the c o n d i t i o n e d air. tects were forced to rely solely im foreign books and periodi-
needs. Address: U N I T E D S T A T E S
cals f o r news of work in their own country. Three years ago
Air c o n d i t i o n i n g engineers AIR CONDITIONING CORPORA-
•Intr-I'rojclo. a magazine still unfamiliar in the U . S.. opened
Hke the usAIRco REFRIGER- T I O N , 3 3 7 2 Como A v e n u e S . E . , its offices i n Rio de Janeiro. Contemporary Architecture in
A T E D K o o L E R - A i R E because i t M i n n e a p o l i s 14, M i n n e s o t a . Brazil is a survey in book form of the native architectural
provides the quickest possible
s»ene since 1940. put out by the same organization. I t covers
i n s t a l l a f i o n o f a central system,
residential, commercial, industrial and institutional buildings.

usAIRcB
plus the m a n y advantages o f a About half are represented by line drawings alone, the rest
factory-assembled, " p a c k a g e d " photographically illustrated. I n view of recent American and
miit. Write today for informa- European publications on the same subject it hardly seems
t i o n related t o y o u r o w n specific possible that the editors can expect this book to have a wide
international market. I t is, nevertheless, printed in three
languages. Reproductions are definitely on the poor side with
(Continued on page 182)
LOOK AHEAD TO BETTER BUSINESS WITH ENGINEERED AIR CONDITIONING!

178 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 WITH ADHESIVES
M Attaching corkboard to MIRACLE Spindle Anchors
V bonded to duels with M I R A C L E Adhesives at John
Hancock Mutual Life Insurance C o . B I d g . , Boston, M a s s .
Architect: Cram & Ferguson
Builder: Turner Const. C o .
Healing & A i r Conditioning Contractor: Buerkel & C o .
Insulotion Contractor: Armslrona Cork C o .

Mirror installed over fire-

place with M I R A C L E A d -
hesive (Type G ) . No
screws, rosettes or other
mechanical fasteners.
Contractor: Union
Glass & Mirror C o . ,
Los Angeles, Calif.

. . mounted directly W
tedge Stone '[Link] '^J^ .^'^^.J^.CLE Adhesive. •

Engineering Corp., Peterson.

. North Haledon, N . J - . ^

Tile put u p the m o d e m

w a y in kitchen of Roger
THESE are just a few of the applications for MIRACLE Adhesives in the con- Smith Hotel, W h i t e Plains,

' struction field. In a lot of ways MIRACLE affords one of the brightest rays of N . Y . This w a s accom-
plished without inter-
hope to the architect and contractor by pointing out many short cuts and savings. rupting^ , cooking opera-
'"Construction by Adhesion" is truly the modern method to solve your building lions, No d u s t — n o dirt,
tile w a s installed d i -
problems. Here are a few more jobs you can do with MIRACLE. rectly over wallboard.
Tile Contractor:
Milton Stucklen, ^ _
^Wallboards, stainless steel or aluminum sheets installed directly to any New York, N . Y .
wall, frame or masonry, with MIRACLE Adhesive—eliminates unsightly
screws and nail heads, also saves expensive drilling.

^Metal mouldings and trim may be bonded with MIRACLE Adhesive to

walls, counter tops and sink tops.

May we offer the services of one of our field engineers to point out to you the
hundreds of applications for MIRACLE in the building industry. We would like
to help you lick that problem!

m m TO

am S E C O N D A V E N U E . N E W YOKK CITY 17, N. Y. J

179
BE SURE Y O U K
FLUORESCENT L A M P

MAKERS
W SYLVAN IA
OF FLUORESCENT LAMPS, FIXTURES, WIRING DEVICES; ELECTRIC LIGHT BULBS;

180 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U Ivl J u n e 1948

 A B O U T THE FIRST
INCANDESCENT COLOR T O N E !

A SYIVANIA-Dii lAMP

Here's one of the most revolutionary lighting light than previous types of fluorescent lamps.
developments in years—o development that
The new softer color of Warmtone will
will greatly broaden the field for fluorescent
win quick acceptance in thousands of homes,
illumination.
stores and offices. Warmtone is currently
Warmtone—originated by Sylvania—com- available in all the popular sizes.
bines, for the first time, the established
You—and your clients—will want to know
advantages of fluorescent with popular,
more about this far-reaching development.
friendly incandescent color tone.
Write today for the full story on Sylvania
In addition, Warmtone gives 7% more Electric's new fluorescent lamp—Warmtone.

S Y L V A N I A ELECTRIC P R O D U C T S I N C .
LIGHTING DIVISION. SALEM. MASSACHUSETTS

ELECTRIC
PHOTOFLASH BULBS; RADIO TUBES; CATHODE RAY TUBES; ELECTRONIC DEVICES

81
REVIEW

On the whole it seems scarcely worth American architects'

extremely fuzzy halftones. The text is brief and, in the
time to import this volume unless the region be of particular
majority of instances, inadequate, since the book is not
interest or the cull of the indigenous beyond control. M.S.
exclusively a picture story. Most <»f the important work has
been seen elsewhere, recently in FORUM'S Brazilian issue
(Nov., 1941). An amusing sidelight is the fact that the
translator of the English section was apparently left entirely EXHIBITS
to his own devices with only the sketchiest knowledge (d Herbert Matter
English. An example: "The center, destined to small salaries
earning people, is situated within the forest, but only a few
minutes distant of the town.
"Roonjs and restaurant are big enough for sh. lu ring the
.Sunday visitors . . . stones and wood of the local ground have
been profited. The three planes, each one meeting the garden
at a different elevatiim. incorporate the building to the uneven
ground . . . The construction was attended by the Engineering
Division of the Reassurances Institute of Brazil."

HOLLOW Eero Saarinen i luiir. Florence Knoll stool

METAL
KNOLL FURNITURE

•".Summertime, when the living is easy" might be the theme

inspiring the m-wly n-deeurated showrnoms of Knoll Asso-
• ialfs. Inc. at 601 Madison .\venue. Not that the furniture
shown there is outdoor summer furniture^—^none of it is. But
'•III "- i n i i P i f - v i o i i (,f ill,- display ronni. with its light, airy, gay
colors and fahries and furniture, is one of summer skies and
lloaling clouds, and open woods and firhU. In this atmosphere
one can relax; and in this furniture one can relax, body as
wril as sold.
MAIN f A C T O R Y A N D OFFICES OF J A M E S T O W N M E T A L CORPORATION Easy relaxation was the idea Architect Eero Saarinen had
in mind when he designed the piece de resistance of the new
Knoll furnilurc group. Ii i>. a cliair of middcd plasli<-. padded
with foam rubber u|)li(dsieri-<l in cotton, and retailing at about
$193.50 in muslin (.see cut above). "People sit difTt-renlly
today than in the Victorian era." says Saarinen. "Tlu-y want
to sit much lower, relax their bodies more, and rest their
heads." Whether or not the stresses and strains (d Twentieth
Century living have driven us to a more uterine position when
we sit. the chair is comfortable. And. off tlie rerord. it has
been dubbi-d "The \V(mib."
5 ACRES OF O N E - F L O O R FACTORY Another arcliitrrt-dfsignrd |)ici-t' is llic daylicd liy Kicliard
designed for straight line, efficient production Stein of .Architects Associated. This is adjustable for two
usfs: for niglit. when llie niatln--s unit can he sliifl.-d from a
As specialists in the fabrication of bronze, aluminum, -lightly tilted position to a flat one. and the bancpiette back
steel and stainless steel, we offer our services wherever dro|ii»cd down: and d ;y. wln-n [Link]-on a foot pedal lieinu
hollow vietal doors, interior trim, elevator enclosures,
moves the bed again to the slightly slanted, up-back, living-
cold rolled mouldings and metal specialties are required.
room position. A plywood base has hardwood stretchers and
mattress frame, and the mattress snaps in and out of the
frame for bedding removal. Price of this piece in muslin is
JAMESTOWN METAL CORPORATION $202.50 (see cut page 186). (Continut-d on page 1H6J
104 Blackltone Avenue J«meilown, N. Y .

132 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

 what's at the bottom
of efficient
air conditioning?

In most top-flight hotels, hospitals, equipment of equal capacity . . . costs efficiency and cut weight, and an
ofhcc buildings, department stores and [Link] to install and maintain. And it is economizer to pare operating cost.
other major installations, it's a Carrier the only centrifugal with the dollar- With a Carrier centrifugal, you get
centrifugal refrigerating machine. saving Carrier all-metal shaft seal. This the benefit of Carrier's matchless ex-
It's there because this Carrier seal prevents metal-to-metal contact perience in air conditioning. Carrier
machine delivers lOO to 1200 tons of moving parts in operation, reduc- engineers have worked with architects
of refrigeration day after day—and ing wear and saving costly refrigerant. and consulting engineers on air condi-
does it at lowest possible cost. .\nd the centrifugal offers the added tioning and refrigeration installations
The Carrier centrifugal takes far advantages of such exclusive Carrier for over 45 years. Carrier Corporation,
less space than most refrigerating features as Lo-Fin tubing to increase Syracuse, New York.

Carrier AIR CONDITIONING • REFRIGERATION • INDUSTRIAL HEATING

183
 HOME

THE NEW
RHEEM PROMOTION PLAN
for Small-Home Builders!
sulation, paint, plumbingfixturesand kitchen appliances.
N OT long ago we visited some model homes. We talked
to people inspecting them. We found out what pros-
pective home buyers want to know.
You can includefinancingplans—your own, the local
bank terms or F.H.A. plan. You can include all the
They want to know a lot. . . much more than any facts about your new homes!
busy builder has time to tell them personally. No Rheem advertising appears on this portfolio. But
your name and address will be handsomely imprinted (at
What kind of pipes? What type of insulation? What no cost if you are a Rheem customer). The portfolios are
kind of cooking range? What make of furnace? What shipped to you in the quantity you need. You simply
brand of water heater? insert the Hterature, put a supply of the "Home Buyer's
You put into the houses you build, the best materials, Guide" on display in each of your model homes and sales
the best brands of apphances you can find. How can offices and invite every prospect to take one free.
you tell each prospect what your house offers? Thus, the whole story of your new homes is presented
We have a way. in a single package — a striking portfolio that your
We have constructed a large, beautiful portfolio in prospect takes along with him. It's a new way to mer-
full color, called the "Home Buyer's Guide." It is digni- chandise your new homes. It's an entirely new kind of
fied, impressive, wholly in keeping with the importance service to builders from Rheem, world's largest maker
of the subject. of water heaters and one of the foremost manufacturers
of Home Comfort Appliances.
The inside pages of this handsome piece are divided
into pockets into which we will insert attractive litera- Fill in your name and address on the coupon below
ture which describes in detail the Rheem equipment and mail it today. Our representative will call to show
installed in your houses. From your other suppliers you you a sample of the "Home Buyer's Guide" and take
can obtain and insert literature on building material, in- your order. NO obUgation, of course. Do it now.

Rheem Manufacturing HOME COMFORT APPLIANCES

Automatic Water Heaters • Central ond Space Heating Equipment • Soft Water Appliances • Boiler and Tank Units

84 The Architectural F O R U M June 1948

 m ^omeB
The
Home Buyer
Guide
1* A beautifully illustrated poi
with your name imprinted.
13'/2'"
2l» All facts about y o u r new
homes in a single package.
3m Stays with your pras-
pect while he's making
the decision. Rheem M a n u f a c t u r i n g C o m p a n y
Dept. A F - 6
570 Lexington Ave., New York 22, N . Y .
Please have your representative call to show me
a sample of the Home Buyer's Guide. I understand
there is no obligation.
Rheem

ADDRESS
9 plants in U.S.A.—a/«o Brisbone, Melbourne, Sydney,
*o c/e Janeiro, Singapore, and Hamilton, Canada. . STATE-

185
REVIEWS
Hcrbrrt Matter Photos
Ferrari Hardoy's hamniocklike chair (see c u t ) , which
appeared in a .Mu:?euni of Modern Art show a few years back,
reappears, f o r the first time in U. S. production. The canvas
sling-back come.s i n a variety of c«)lors, and is hung on a plain
white or black metal frame.
Florence KnoH's newest piece is a more conventional sofa,
with movable seal and baek cushions, of quite simple desijrn

Ferrari Hardoy chair Richard Sirin daxiu'd

CONTRACT BONDS
a r e

R e q u i r e d by L a w
on p u b l i c construction
work.
Required by good /udg-
menf on private con-
tracts. tlorence Knoll sofa, Saarincn chair

Contract Bonds a r e e s s e n - (see cut above). I t is 7 f t . 6 in., cttsts S348 in muslin, bul may
tial to the owner f o r — be produced later in scimewhat smaller si/e and simpler
materials f o r sale to stores. George Nakashima's [Link]
• selection of a c a p a b l e
contractor lable with adjuslable legs as well as top (see cut below) and
his modern variation of the Windsor chair may also go into
• guarantee of perform- later less expensive production.
ance
Ill addition to the new furniture, there is now a display
• payment of lienable of K t i o I T s line of textiles. Amcmg the prints is a design
claims. by famous .Swedish architect Sven Markelius.—E.B.
Contract Bonds ore essen-
tial to the contractor for • Nahinhima tahle. Aiidri- Dupres chairs
establishment of credit.

Central Surety agents play

an important part in pro-
viding contract bonds
throughout the nation.

Qm^^AL SURETY A>a) IKSURAKCE (QRPORATION.

R. E. McGINNIS, President
HOME O F F I C E K A N S A S CITY, MISSOURI

I The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

ompressor Motor Unit

\ \ hi ll you invest in air conditiouing, for large famous for dependabiUt>' is that on/y Westing-
areas or small, it pays to install the most depend- house builds all of the important components
able, smoothest-operating equipment you can get. that make up an air conditioning unit. So, w hat-
That is why W'estinghouse, having created the ever your space requirements to be air conditioned
first hermetically-sealed compressor for air con- — whether single or multiple rooms — you'll be
ditioning, has ccmtinued to perfect tliis important ahead with a W'estinghouse "packaged" Unitaire.
development dming the past 12 years—for the They cost verv' httle more to buy, but less to
compressor is the heart of any air conditionhig operate. Call your nearest Westinghouse Air Con-
miit. The result of this leadership is the Life-Line ditionhig distributor, or write to Westinghouse
Compressor-Motor unit—the most dependable air Electric Corporation, Sturtevant Division, 40
conditioning compressor ever built. Another rea- Readville Avenue, Hyde Park, Boston 36, Massa-
son the W'estinghouse air conditioner has become chusetts.

J-80052

"Westinghouse Air Conditioning

187
 Duval County Psychiatric Hospital, Jacksonville. Florida—Archiiea:

/
ipany
Reynolds. Smith & Hills; Contractor: George D. Auchter Company ^

Fireproof
Construction
Speed may not be the first requirement—but it's ceiling installed underneath f o r fireproof con-
an important factor i n many construction jobs struction.
these days. Fenestra Panels are quickly laid and inter-
I t f o l l o w s r i g h t o n the heels o f those prime locked without special skills or special tools.
requirements—good fireproof construction and Other w o r k can proceed without delay . . . the
l o w cost. panels provide a flat surface that is ideal f o r
wheeling in other materials.
To get all three benefits. Fenestra* Metal Build-
ing Panels were specified f o r this building. 7,200 Fenestra B u i l d i n g Panels are suitable f o r all
square feet o f lV2"-deep Type D Panels were types o f buildings. They save construction time
used as base f o r its built-up roof. 14,200 square and money, not only i n floors and ceilings, but
feet o f 3 "-deep Type D Panels were used f o r also i n walls, partitions and roofs. See Sweet's
Architecmral File f o r 1948 (Section 3c-1) or
the second and third floors, a concrete slab
mail the coupon f o r f u l l i n f o r m a t i o n . *Tradcmark
being poured over the panels and a suspended

THESE NONCOMBUSTIBLE FENESTRA PANELS SPEED ALL TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

TYPE C FOR W A L L S . T w o metal mem- TYPE D FOR FLOORS. B o x beam formed H O L O R I B R O O F DECK. Steel sheets re-
bers pressed together, w i t h felt at each by w e l d i n g together two steel sections. inforced by three integral triangular r i b s
side to prevent metal-to-metai contact. Side laps interlock to form continuous on 6" centers. Flat surface for mopped
Filled w i t h insulation a n d closed at the flat surface. Standardized i n 16" width. application of insulation and roofing.
ends, at the factory. Standardized in 3" 18" w i d e . Lengths to 2 4 ' to fit. G a g e s 18
Depth to 9". G a g e s 18 to 12. T y o e
depth and 16" w i d t h , i n 18 gage painted and 2 0 are standard.
steel o r 16 B & S gage aluminum. AD available w i t h two flat surfaces.

R O O F S DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY

BuildinB Panels Division
Dept. AF-6. 2251 E. Grand Bouievard
/ W
Detroit 11, Michigan

/ A
L Please send tnc, without obligation, information on Fenestra Build-
ing Panels.
BUILDING PANELS F O R L
S Name.

F L O O R S Company-

Address—

188 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

 GREATEST

B R A N D N E W BUILDERS'LINE-

The most widely advertised gas range in

America provides you with your best selling
43 Wide—Series No. 400 & 460 orgument/THESE APARTMENTS EQUIPPED with . . .
F7

For City.. .^Pyrofax' and other t P Gases

39 Wide-Series No. 2400 & 1300
36" Wide-Series No. 1200

' OR THE GREATEST RETURN

ON YOUR INVESTMENT
1!^ EQUIP YOUR BUILDING
WITH^y^^Ji^

30" Wide-Series No. 600 20" Wide—Series No. 500 For details w r i t e AMERICAN STOVE COMPANY* [Link] 10, MO.

89
S P E C I F I C A T I ON AND B U Y I N G I N D E X
. . 168
[Link]-Owens-Ford Cdass Company
/7ii' adi rrlisinn ptifcvs of KoniiM arr the. recognized market filai e for those ,. 80
Life : .66,67
rngiiped ill hiiildinfi. i house or liny hiiilding could lie hiiill i-oin/detely Lusiron Corporation
of products itdi rriisfil in Tin. l oin m. fT hile it is not possible to certify
hiiilding products, it is possihle to open these pages only to those manu-
Macmillan Company, The 68
facturers ichose reputation merits confidence. This Tmk Foiil m iloes.
Marble Institute of America, Inc.. The 84
McKinnrv Manufacturing Company 34
McQuay, Inc 41
\il;iiii^ ;inil Wesllake Company, The 147 Meyer Furnace Company, The 50
Allii'd (.li«-niical X Dye (ioriKiration {The Barrett Division) 72 Miracle Adhesives Corp
Mmniiiiiiii (jiiiiiiaiiy of Ainericu {Alaia) 145 Modine Manufacturing Company '4
Anicrican Kailialor & Starnlard Sanitary Corporation 45 Monroe, Lederer & Taussig. Inc 68
Aniorican Kolliuf; Mill Conipaiiy, The 146
American Stove Company 189
American Structural Proilucts Company 83 National Adequate Wiring Bureau 69
Antliracilc Institute : 28 National Door Manufacturers' A<sociatiim 21
\slicsi(inc (Corporation 58 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 148, 149
\%ialion (;or|ioration. The (Spencer Heater Diii^inn. The) 79 National Gyp>UMi (ionipany 154
National Oak Flooring Manufacturers' Association 174
169 New York Wire Cloth Co 132
Bakelitc Corporation .Norma Pencil Corporation '2
74
Bar-Brook Manufacturing [Link]
Rarr. lt I>i\i^ion, The i Ulied Chemical & Dye Corpuiatiun) i2
fjentlix Home Aiipliam cs, Inc J§ O Brien Corporation, The 162
Btmcke Cori>oralion Otis Elevator Company • • • • 31
Bctti-r Homes & (iardens Overhead Door Corporation Cover I v
Bripgs Manufacturing (.onipany 51 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation 63. 1.33
Bruce, E . L . , Company 23
BullDnp Electric Pro(lu< ts Company 21
Charles Parker Company 152
Penberthy Injector Company 47
Camhridpe Tile Manufacturing Coni|iany. The Cover I I Permanente Products Comjiany 10
Carr, Adams & Collier Com|iany. Inc 155 Pittsburgh Corning Corporation 150
Carrier Corporation 183 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company 56
Case, W, A.. & Son Manufai:turing (iompany 17 Pryne & Company, Inc • 46
Ceco Steel Products Corporation 86. 15i
Cclotex Corporation, Tin- 2
(!i'ntral Surely & Ins. Corj 18f) 165
171 Raymond Concrete Pile Company
Certilie<l Ballast Manufacturers { Kiiiiipmcnt) 6,7
48 Revere Copper and Brass, Inc
( ,lia-f Mrass & Copper Co.. Inc 137
160 Reynolds Metals Company -^^^ ^g.
( liicopcc Manufacturing Corporation Hli.-. iii Manufai-tnriiig [Link]
74 'l56
I [Link] & [Link] Manufacturing (".ompany h'id la I . Is Wilcox Manufacturing t^.ompany
38 191
Connor, W. B.. Engineering ([Link] Robertson, H. H . , Company
80 29
Cork Insulation Company «w
Roddis Lumber & Veneer Company
Couch, S. H . , Company, Inc. 46
Rowe Manufa.-turing Company
Crane Company 3"
R.O.W. Sales Company
Crittall. Richard. Radiant Heating. Inc 26
Curtis Companies 36
42
Salter. H. B . . Manufacturing Company
4,5
D a h l s i r o i M Metallic Door I :onii>anv • Servel. Inc 163
Detroit .Steel Products (;(unpany Smith. A. 0., Corporation
82
Douglas Fir Plywood Association Speaknian Company '"^
79
Dow Chemical Company, The Spri.(>er Heater Division. The {The Avuition Corporation)
37
Dunbar Furniture Manufacturing Company Square D Conqiany
62
34 Stanlev Works. The
Dimham. C. A.. Compamy 64
Structural Clay Products Institute
38
. O a . t 111 >unroc 42
E l j e r Company S\i|[Link] [Link]'. tric Conqiany. Th< 181
'^vKaiiia Fleclric Products, Inc.
52
Facing Tile Institute
Fiat M.'tal Maniifa< turing Company 166 Tavlor Bedding Manufacturing Company - 54
Flintknte Company, The 27
Flynn, Michael, Manufacturing Company 78 Tile-Tex Company, The '"-^I^J
Formica Insulation Co.. The 49 . une 140
Fortune Magazine • 173 Tram- Conqiany. The 85
Frigidaire Division (General Motors Corporation) fiO. 61 Tuttle & Bailey, Inc.

General Electric Company 35,65, 76, 1.38. 139. 1<J2 United .States Air Conditioning Corporation n ' ' 'iV e'l'-' i ^ i ) ? ?
General Motors (Corporation I Frigidaire Division) 60.61 United .States Plywood Corporation Bel. 16 A; l<. 164. I
1.S8
United States Savings Bonds 43
U . S. Stoneware
Hope's Windows, Inc. 135
20
Hotpoint, Inc 176
Walworth Company
30
Wasco Flashing Conqian\
30
ll,(r Electric Ventilating [Link] 172 Waterfdm Boilers, Inc. . .
22
Industrial Rooting anri Sheet Metal. Inc 159 Webster, Warren, & Company ^
Insulite Company. The I'^ Werner, R. D.. Company, Inc
International Business Machines Corporation 167 Western Electric
Westinghouse Electric Corporation -i^- i^-^- '»
Wheeling Corrugating Company
jackson & Church Com|)any 68 Wood Conversion Company
Jamestown Metal Corporation 182
Johns-ManviUe 143
Yale & Towne Mamifacturing Company. The 30

Kawneer Co.. The 24,25 'i'ork Corporation

Kelvinator 8
Kennedy, David E . , Inc 53 73
Zonolite Company
Kewanee Boiler Corporation 55

The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948

190
 ^ bui\din0 is known for
FACILITIES, NOT FACADE

0-l''l(M>rs o f f r r lh«' an-hitrct a mrans of ni«'«'tinf: increasrd,

and slili itUT«'[Link]<i, in«'( hani«-al dnnainls within a buihiin;:. your client. Also, yon can «-stimate an earlier finish date—
which is to say, an earlier revenue date for your client.
A facade rati hi- >«M.n ontinodcd. Mnt i f <'\<t\ <-li'ctriral
(h-rnand can be sati^liid promptly, the years (-an not obHO- \s for the delivery of ste«'l — r r i n < iid>«-r, you must allow
tim<' for <leniolilion and excavation. \U llicn the sic. l uill
Ictc the Iniiidinf; as a working- nnclianism. <,)-Flo<»rs are
be ready.
stt t l. The cells are crossed over with headers whi<-li carry
the wires of evtiry kin<I of electrical service. 'J'he price of Q-Floors is right in line—less than the
carp't that covers them. T h i n k of a floor as the source of
\ n <'le< trical outlet can be established <m any 8ix-in< h
flexibility for the whole b(iil<lin<i. It has been speeilied for
area of Q-Floor. ] \ o need to locate oullet.s, or even par-
titions, until tenants are i n . For an ontlet. an electrician the largest postwar buildings in this country and tlie
drills a small hole, pulls the wirrs ami installs tin- f i t t i n f i . . . liritish Kmpire, becauH«' i t keeps a building mo<lern —
all done in a matter of minutes without fuss, muss, or regardless of the passing years. See Q-1 lour fittings at
in-nrlics. anv General Flectric <onstriiction materials distribntor's.
Note the composite drawitif:. Steel (,)-l''loor is shown with
sns[><'tnled ceilinfj anti a condmscd visnalization of nn--
< hanical equipment (no preset inserts) needed in a modern H. H. R O B E R T S O N COMPANY
hnilding. For such a job, a solid, monolithic floor is as
ai t i \ e as a tombstone. 2403 Farmers Bank Building Offices in SO Principal Cities
\>ide f r o m the electrical availability. Q-Floor has the Pittsburgh 22, Pennsylvania , World-Wide Building Service
value of reducing construction time 20 to 30%. I t comes
pre-cut and eliminates much of the impredictable factors
of Held construction. This time-saving is money-saving f o r

191
 New building addition to Country Life Press, Garden City,
N. Y., containing 110,000 sq ft of floor space with elec-
trical raceways always quickly and conveniently available.

Country L i f e Press. Garden City, New York, needed

a wiring system that would permit fast relocation of
electric equipment—a wiring system that would be
readily adaptable to changes in circuits and outlets
with a m i n i m u m of expense. When they planned this
new [Link] sq-ft plant addition, they could deter-
mine initially needed electrical and signal outlets.
However, i t was practically impossible to estimate
future demands. To meet these. Country L i f e i n -
cluded Robertson Q-Floors w i t h General Electric
Q-Floor Wiring, to give them the electrical flexibility
they needed.
Buildings equipped with General Electric Q-Floor
W i r i n g enjoy a decided advantage. A t any time dur-
ing the life of the building, circuits can be removed
or new outlets can be installed on the floor surface
where they are needed, when they are needed, in a
f e w minutes. Changes can be made easily a n d
Q-Floor In place on first floor. Notice large number of cells-
quickly, without digging trenches, and without in-
everyone available for wiring.
terrupting occupants' activities.
B y means of simple fittings, the entire Q-Floor
becomes part of the electrical and signal distribution
CONSTRUCTION DATA
system. Since the cells are on 6-inch centers, outlets
Architect: H . T . Lindeberg can be installed every six inches. To add a new out-
Generol Controctor:.. George A. Fuller Company let, i t is necessary only to tap through the floor into
Consulting Engineer: Clyde R . Place
the Q-Floor cell and install the floor outlet.
Electrical Engineer:. . . N a u m e r Electric Company
W a n t more i n f o r m a t i o n on General E l e c t r i c
Q-Floor Wiring.^ Write on your letterhead for a free
copy of the Q-Floor Wiring Data Manual—address
Section C7-64, General Electric Company, Bridge-
port 2 . Connecticut.

Q-Floor is manufactured only by the H. H.

Robertson Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. Samples can
be seen at any General Electric Construction Mate-
rials office or Robertson District Office.

GENERAL m ELECTRIC

192 The A r c h i t e c t u r a l F O R U M June 1948