Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
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1 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
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test test
[ [ test
[ test
$ type [
[ is a shell builtin
$ which [
/usr/bin/[
$ ls -l /usr/bin/[
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Mar 27 2000 /usr/bin/[ -> test
$ ls -l /usr/bin/test
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 35368 Mar 27 2000 /usr/bin/test
[ ls
2 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
if [$foo = "bar" ]
if test$foo = "bar" ] ]
[
if SPACE [ SPACE "$foo" SPACE = SPACE "bar" SPACE ]
==
= -eq
man
test
if while
test
if...then...else...
if [ ... ]
then
# if-code
else
# else-code
fi
fi if
esac
if [ ... ] then
;
if [ ... ]; then
# do something
fi
elif
if [ something ]; then
echo "Something"
elif [ something_else ]; then
echo "Something else"
else
echo "None of the above"
fi
echo "Something" [ something ]
[ something_else ] echo "Something
else" echo "None of the
above"
3 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
$ X=5
$ export X
$ ./[Link]
... output of [Link] ...
$ X=hello
$ ./[Link]
... output of [Link] ...
$ X=[Link]
$ ./[Link]
... output of [Link] ...
$X
/etc/hosts
#!/bin/sh
if [ "$X" -lt "0" ]
then
echo "X is less than zero"
fi
if [ "$X" -gt "0" ]; then
echo "X is more than zero"
fi
[ "$X" -le "0" ] && \
echo "X is less than or equal to zero"
[ "$X" -ge "0" ] && \
echo "X is more than or equal to zero"
[ "$X" = "0" ] && \
echo "X is the string or number \"0\""
[ "$X" = "hello" ] && \
echo "X matches the string \"hello\""
[ "$X" != "hello" ] && \
echo "X is not the string \"hello\""
[ -n "$X" ] && \
echo "X is of nonzero length"
[ -f "$X" ] && \
echo "X is the path of a real file" || \
echo "No such file: $X"
[ -x "$X" ] && \
echo "X is the path of an executable file"
[ "$X" -nt "/etc/passwd" ] && \
echo "X is a file which is newer than /etc/passwd"
;
if
\
4 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
\ ;
; if then
if [ "$X" -nt "/etc/passwd" ]; then
echo "X is a file which is newer than /etc/passwd"
fi
[ "$X" -nt "/etc/passwd" ] && \
echo "X is a file which is newer than /etc/passwd"
test
-a -e -S
-nt -ot -ef
-O
if && ||
#!/bin/sh
[ $X -ne 0 ] && echo "X isn't zero" || echo "X is zero"
[ -f $X ] && echo "X is a file" || echo "X is not a file"
[ -n $X ] && echo "X is of non-zero length" || \
echo "X is of zero length"
[
test
if...then...else...
[...]
[Link]: [: integer expression expected before -lt
[Link]: [: integer expression expected before -gt
[Link]: [: integer expression expected before -le
[Link]: [: integer expression expected before -ge
!=
5 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
echo -en "Please guess the magic number: "
read X
echo $X | grep "[^0-9]" > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
# If the grep found something other than 0-9
# then it's not an integer.
echo "Sorry, wanted a number"
else
# The grep found only 0-9, so it's an integer.
# We can safely do a test on it.
if [ "$X" -eq "7" ]; then
echo "You entered the magic number!"
fi
fi
echo
$?
grep grep [0-9]
^
grep [^0-9]
>/dev/null 2>&1
grep -v [0-9]
#!/bin/sh
X=0
while [ -n "$X" ]
do
echo "Enter some text (RETURN to quit)"
read X
echo "You said: $X"
done
while [ -n "$X" ]
6 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
$ ./[Link]
Enter some text (RETURN to quit)
fred
You said: fred
Enter some text (RETURN to quit)
wilma
You said: wilma
Enter some text (RETURN to quit)
You said:
$
#!/bin/sh
X=0
while [ -n "$X" ]
do
echo "Enter some text (RETURN to quit)"
read X
if [ -n "$X" ]; then
echo "You said: $X"
fi
done
if
if [ "$X" -lt "0" ]
then
echo "X is less than zero"
fi
.......... and ........
if [ ! -n "$X" ]; then
echo "You said: $X"
fi
if then
if then
if [ ! -n "$X" ]
echo "You said: $X"
then fi
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7 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
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8 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM
Test - Shell Scripting Tutorial [Link]
9 of 9 26-Jan-19, 7:01 PM