PLATELETS COMPONENTS
WRITTEN BY: Fayzah Alshammari
DATE: 10/02/2021
PLATELETS COMPONENTS
Platelets for transfusion may be derived from a whole blood collection or collected by apheresis.
There is Three Type of platelet:
1)Platelets concentrate:
Platelet concentration prepared from a unit of whole blood should be:
A unit of Platelets contain > 5.5 x 1010 platelets suspended in 40-70 mL of plasma.
Leukocytes Reduced < 8.3 x 105 leukocytes/unit.
Elevate the platelet count by about 5000 µL.
Visual inspection of platelets after prepared show an absence of visible red cell in the vast majority of unit.
If the platelets contain greater than 2 mL of red cell, the red cell must be ABO compatible with
recipient’s plasma and be crossmatched.
Visually inspect PLT concentration for excessive clumping/aggregates.
2) Pooled Platelets:
Pooled platelets are usually prepared by pooling random-donor platelets harvested from whole blood unit to
increase the therapeutic dose of cell in a product.
Pooled platelet unit is usually standard dose contains 4-6 random platelets.
Dose is equivalent to around > 3.0 x 1011 platelets /bag.
ABO/Rh matched units pooling together.
Pool is labeled with total volume, ABO/Rh, and number in pool.
The leukocyte can be reduced by filtration as part of pooling process and must contain < 5.0 x
106 leukocytes.
The shortest expiration date of the pooled units determines the expiration date of the pool.
A unique pool number is affixed to the final container; each unit within the pool is documented.
Pooled WBD platelets prepared in an FDA approved platelet pooling system.
3) Apheresis Platelets:
Apheresis Platelets are larger volume single donor unit collected by an approved apheresis collection method.
Apheresis platelets contain > 3.0 x 1011 platelets in variable volumes that must be listed on the label.
Most apheresis collection methods will yield units between 200 and 400 mL.
A single collection of apheresis platelets may sometimes be split between two bags to increase surface
gas exchange.
Best choice for a patient to have reduced donor exposures and also used when HLA-matched products
are needed for refractory patients.
Most apheresis collection systems are capable of filtering out leukocytes to be contain <5.0x
106 leukocytes.
Product Platelet count Volume Leukocytes
10
Platelet leukocyte reduced 5.5 x 10 50 mL < 8.3 x 105
Pooled Platelets leukocyte reduced ~ 3.0 x 1011 Depends upon pool <5.0x 106
size
Apheresis Platelet leukocyte reduced 3.0 x 1011 ~300 mL <5.0x 106
Pathogen Inactivation:
The majority of pathogen inactivation methods damage the nucleic acids of viruses, bacteria, and parasites,
prevent there replication. Also inactivate residual white cells to prevent GVHD.
Methods:
Intercept (Amotosalen).
Mirasol (riboflavin).
Methylene blue.
Octaplas (solvent/detergent).
Storage and Transport of Platelet Components:
Stored at room temperature (20-24°C incubator) while under constant gentle agitation.
Transport at 20-24 C and constant agitation can be suspended for up to 30 hours.
Platelets shelf-life:
4 hours in open system to avoid bacterial contamination growth during storage.
5 days in close system.
7 days only if storge container:
1. Clear approved by FDA for 7 days platelets storage.
2. Labeled with the requirement to test every product beyond 5 days with bacterial contamination device.
Gentle agitation necessary to:
Allow for adequate oxygen exchange through the platelet bag.
Failure to do so could result in a decrease in pH <6.2 and activation of the platelets.
Platelet QC:
According to AABB each standard dose pooled or apheresis unit should to be:
Platelets yield ≥ 3.0 x 1011
Leukocyte <5.0x 106.
pH ≥ 6.2 at the end of storage.
Note:
Loss of the swirling effect can be a result of anything that causes platelet activation (pH, temperature, and age of the product)
and may not always be marker for bacterial contamination.
Indication of platelet:
Thrombocytopenia.
Platelets function abnormalities.
disseminated intravascular coagulation ‘DIC.
Life threatening hemorrhage.
Dose:
WB Derived Platelet Plateletpheresis or pooled
Platelets Increment 5,000 to 10,000/µL 30,000 to 60,000/µL