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Science
Quarter 2-Hybrid Module 1
The Microscope
Week 1

SDO Taguig City and Pateros

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be helped to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and in checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let’s Learn

In this module, we will study about focusing specimens using the compound
microscope. Microscope is described as a special equipment used to make small
objects like cells look bigger. There are different types of microscope, but this module
will give focus between simple and compound microscope.

After going through this module, you are expected to answer the key question
below:

What are the parts of the microscope and how does each part function?

In this module, you should be able to:

• describe a Microscope.
• discuss the history of microscope and its uses.
• describe the parts of the microscope and its functions using the worksheets.
• identify the basic microscope technique and rules to follow.

Let’s Try

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you call an optical instrument used for viewing small objects?
A. Mirror C. Magnifying glass
B. Microscope D. Lenses
2. Who invented the microscope?
A. Robert Hooke C. Zacharias Janssen
B. Galileo Galilei D. Max Knoll
3. Which parts of the light microscope magnify the image of an object?
A. Eyepiece and mirror
B. Objectives and mirror
C. Eyepiece and objectives
D. Objectives and diaphragm
4. What part holds the slide in place?
A. Stage Clips C. Stage
B. Revolving Nosepiece D. Body Tube

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For numbers 5-9, refer to the illustration of a microscope below.
1-----------------

2-------------
---

3---------
-------

---------------5

5. What part of the microscope does #1 represent?

A. Eyepiece / ocular C. Base
B. Body tube D. Stage
6. What parts of the microscope should be held when carrying it from one place
to another?
A. Arm and base C. Arm and nosepiece
B. Stage and base D. Eyepiece and stage
7. Which of the labeled part is referring to the stage?
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
8. What part holds all the objective lenses and can be rotated to view the
specimen at different magnifications?
A. Adjustment knobs C. Stage
B. Revolving Nosepiece D. Arm
9. What is the diaphragm (#4) used for?
A. Help keep the slide in place.
B. Control the overall magnification of the specimen.
C. Help move the stage up and down.
D. Control the amount of light while viewing the specimen.
10. What do you call the knob that can move the stage slightly to sharpen the
image?
A. Coarse adjustment knob C. Objectives
B. Revolving Nosepiece D. Fine Adjustment Knob

Write T if it is a technique or rule in using microscope and F if it is not.

_____11. In carrying a microscope, always hold it with one hand on the arm and the
other under the base.
_____12. Make sure that the microscope is in watery surface.
_____13. Clean it only with a soft cloth/tissue.
_____14. Always begin working with the High-Power Objective first.
_____15. Always lower the stage or raise the objectives all the way before placing a
Slide.

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 Alternatively, please answer these questions above online.
Use the link on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop.
[Link]
You will see the score after completing the test.
Write your score on the given circle.

Lesson

1 The Microscope
Before we proceed to the main topic of this module, let us recall first some parts of
the microscope by labelling the diagram below.

Let’s Recall

Directions: Label the Parts of the Microscope by choosing the right word from the box
below.

Choices:

What’s New
Fine Adjustment Knob Coarse Adjustment Knob
Diaphragm Eyepiece Objectives

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 Let’s Explore

Unscramble the letters to learn about the Microscope's parts and functions.

Guide Question:

Among the parts of the microscope, which one is familiar to you? What is the
primary function of a microscope?

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 Let’s Elaborate

Hans Lippershey and his son Zaccharias Janssen experimented with a variety
of lenses in the [Link] were amazed to see that the object at the end of the tube
was magnified significantly beyond the capability of a magnifying glass when they
used several lenses in a tube. They had just invented the first compound microscope
which was 6 feet long. Then later in the 17th century, Anthony van Leeuwenhoek and
Robert Hooke made improvements by working on the lenses. magnified significantly
beyond the capability of a magnifying glass when they used several lenses in a tube.
They had just invented the first compound microscope which was 6 feet long.

The “First” Microscope

Hans Lippershey
Zacharias Janssen
1570-1619
1588-1631

Anthony van Leeuwenhoek Hooke Microscope Robert Hooke

1632-1723 1635-1703

Using your cellphone, laptop, or desktop, go to

[Link]
click on History of the Microscope.

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Let’s read the materials on Basic Microscope Techniques and Rules to Follow.

1. If you must carry a microscope, always hold it with one hand on the arm
and the other under the base.
2. Always lower the stage or raise the objectives all the way before placing
a slide under the objectives.
3. Always begin working with the Low Power (shortest objective) objective
first.
4. Place slide on stage and lock clips.
5. Observe the slide from the side, not looking though the eyepiece, when
using the coarse focus to avoid running the objective lens into slide.
6. Adjust light source or mirror, never stand in front of it.
7. Never use the coarse adjustment knob when on the medium or high-
power objectives. First, focus on low power objective and rotate the
higher power objective into place. Make final focus adjustments with
the fine adjustment knob.

Quick Facts about

Microscope….
➢A microscope with one single
lens is known as a simple
microscope. A compound
microscope has two lenses.
➢ They are the most commonly
used to study minute objects
and have been used in various
forms for more than 3,000 years.
➢ The “Flea Glass” was the name
given to the first-ever
microscope, which was
designed to examine insects.

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 Let’s Dig In

Let us have some enrichment activity to make yourself familiar with the
parts of a microscope.
Reminder: Review first the microscope parts and when you start answering, try not
to turn back on the previous pages.
ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 1
LET’S MAP: A MICROSCOPE
Direction: Label the parts of a microscope. Write your answers on a separate sheet
of paper.

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ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Match each function in Column A with its correct microscope part in
Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
Reminder: Review first and when you start answering, try not to turn back the page.

FUNCTION MICROSCOPE PARTS

1. HoldsFUNCTIONS
the objective lenses
and can be turned to
increase magnification A. Arm

2. Holds the objective lenses

and the ocular lens B. Body tube

3. Magnifies the image of

specimen C. Coarse Adjustment Knob

4. Moves the stage up and

down for focusing your D. Diaphragm
image

5. Moves the stage to sharpen E. Eye piece / Ocular lens

the image

6. Used to support the F. Fine Adjustment Knob

microscope when carried

7. Holds the slide / specimen G. Mirror / Light Source

in place

8. Flat part where the slide or H. Revolving Nosepiece

specimen is placed

9. Projects light upward I. Stage

through the diaphragm, the
specimen, and the lenses
J. Stage clips
10. Controls the amount of light
on the slide / specimen

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 Let’s Remember

Now, let us check what you have learned by answering the following questions:
1. What is a microscope?
___________________________________________________________
2. Who invented the microscope?
___________________________________________________________
3. In the 17th century, who were the scientists who made more improvements
in the lenses of the microscope?
___________________________________________________________

4. Which picture illustrates proper handling or carrying of a microscope, Picture

A or Picture B? Explain your answer.

A B

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 Let’s Apply

A Microscope is used in a variety of scientific fields for many different purposes.

It opened a whole new dimension in science where scientists used it to be able to
discover the existence of microorganisms, study the structure of cells and see the
smallest parts of plants, animals, and fungi.
To practice the essence of the real microscope, create a microscope by using
recyclable materials that can be found at your home.
Materials:
• See-through plastic bottle
• Scissors
• Plane mirror
• The object you want to view (it may be a leaf, flower petal, pollen grain, etc.)
• Drop of water

Let’s Evaluate
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write it on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Who invented the first microscope?

A. Anthony van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke
B. Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Janssen
C. Galileo Galilei and Louis Pasteur
D. Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll

2. What is the main function of a microscope?

A. To magnify or enlarge specimen
B. To focus the image observed
C. To sharpen the image that is already focused
D. To hold the specimen to be examined

3. Why is it necessary for the specimen to be observed under the microscope

must be thin?
A. So that the image will be clearer
B. So that the image would be bigger
C. So that the light could pass through the specimen
D. So that a high magnification objective can be used

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 For numbers 4-8, refer to the diagram.
4. Which part supports the entire weight of the microscope?
A. A C. H
B. J D. L
5. Which part should be used in obtaining a sharp image in observing a specimen
under the High-Power objective?
A. B C. J
B. C D. K
6. Which letter is the stage?
A. I C. F
B. E D. J
7. Which part makes possible the changing of
objectives?
A. C C. I
B. D D. A
8. Which part will you adjust if you want to control the
amount of light on the slide/specimen?
A. F C. K
B. G D. J
9. What parts should you hold in carrying the microscope
properly?
A. Eyepiece and Body tube
B. Revolving Nosepiece and Objectives
C. Arm and Base
D. Stage and Mirror
10. Which of the following sentences is not true about a microscope?
A. Always lower the stage or raise the objectives before placing a slide
under the objectives.
B. Always begin working with the High-Power Objective.
C. Place slide on stage and lock clips.
D. Adjust light source or mirror, never stand in front of it.

For numbers 11-15, fill in the blanks by choosing the right words from the choices below.

Adjust Base Diaphragm

Fine Adjustment Low Power Stage
11. If you must carry a microscope, always hold it with one hand on the arm and
the other under the ________.
12. Always lower the ________ or raise the objectives before placing a slide
under the objectives.
13. Always begin working with the _______ objective first.
14. _______ light source or mirror never stands in front of it.
15. Make final focus adjustments with the_________ knob.

Alternatively, please answer these questions above online.

Use the link on your cellphone, laptop, or desktop.
[Link]
You will see the score after completing the test.
Write your score on the given circle.

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 Let’s Extend
Directions: Fill in the crossword puzzle by using the given clues below.

[Link]/public_puzzles

Across Down
4. Holds the high and low power 1. Moves the stage up and down for
objectives, can be turned to change focusing
magnification 2. You look through to see the specimen
7. Holds the slide in place 3. Magnification of objects ranges from
9. Is used to regulate the amount of light 10x to 40x.
on the specimen 5. Supports the slide being viewed.
10. Supports the entire microscope 6. Projects light upwards through the
11. Hollow tube that connects the diaphragm, the specimen and the lenses.
eyepiece to the objective lenses. 8. Is used to support the microscope when
12. Moves the stage slightly to sharpen carried.
the image.

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References

Asuncion, J. A. et al (2017). Science 7 Learner’s Material. Department of Education.

Ford, Brian J., Shannon, Robert R., The Microscope,(updated 2020).

Retrieved from: [Link]

Anderson, Hailey, at [Link] All rights Reserved 2010-2020,

Basics of a Compound Microscope

Quick Facts About the Microscope, from [Link]

History of the Microscope, [Link]

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]/public_puzzles

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 Development Team of the Module
Writers: MARIA REIA P. RAMOS, T I
Editors:
Content Evaluator: MINERVA M. CONTRERAS, MT II
JANETH G. MAMANSAG, MT II
JENNY G. BELZA, T II
AGAPE GRACE D. RIVEZA, T II
MARY ANNE G. CAMBA, T I
Language Evaluator: JULIE ANNE M. RAMA, T I
Reviewer: ROGEN U. ANIR, T I
Illustrator: VICTOR G. TALEON, T I
Layout Artist: VICTOR G. TALEON, T I
HYBRID MODULE TEAM:
DR. MELEDA POLITA – SDS (Ret.)
DR. REA MILANA-CRUZ – (School Principal IV-WBNHS)
JAYAR E. LONGASA – MT I (WBNHS)
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
DR. MARIVIC T. ALMO, Science – Education Program Supervisor
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: [Link]@[Link]

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