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Understanding Percentages in Math

This document provides an overview of percentages, including how to express fractions as percentages, convert percentages to decimals, and vice versa. It includes examples and methods for calculating percentages of quantities, such as determining the number of boys in a class based on the percentage of girls. The content is structured as friendly notes for educational purposes in primary mathematics.

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Mohammad Musa Abid
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39 views2 pages

Understanding Percentages in Math

This document provides an overview of percentages, including how to express fractions as percentages, convert percentages to decimals, and vice versa. It includes examples and methods for calculating percentages of quantities, such as determining the number of boys in a class based on the percentage of girls. The content is structured as friendly notes for educational purposes in primary mathematics.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Musa Abid
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Unit 12 : Percentage

Friendly Notes

Percent

A percentage is a way of expressing a fraction with a


denominator of 100.
A percentage is indicated by the symbol, % (percent).

1. Write 13 out of 100 as a percentage.

13 out of 100 = 13%


13% is another way of
13
writing 100 or 0.13.
We read 13% as 13 percent.

2. Express 15% as a fraction in its simplest form.


15
15% =
100
3
=
20

3. Express 88% as a decimal.


88
88% =
100
= 0.88

4. Express 0.45 as a percentage.


45
0.45 =
100
= 45%
221
© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd Primary Mathematics (Common Core Edition) Extra Practice 5

14_(M)PMCCEdn_EP5_12.indd 221 5/22/14 8:26 PM


Writing Fractions as Percentages
36
Express as a percentage.
200

Method 1: ÷2

36 18 36
= 18
= 200 100
200 100
÷2
= 18%

Method 2:

36 36
= × 100%
200 200

= 18%

Percentage of a Quantity
There are 45 children in a class. 40% of the children are girls.
How many boys are there in the class?

100% − 40% = 60%

60% of the children are boys. 1 whole is 100%.


60
60% of 45 = × 45
100

= 27

There are 27 boys in the class.

222
Primary Mathematics (Common Core Edition) Extra Practice 5 © 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

14_(M)PMCCEdn_EP5_12.indd 222 5/22/14 8:26 PM

Common questions

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The conversion of a percentage to a decimal involves dividing the percentage by 100. For example, to convert 88% to a decimal, divide 88 by 100, resulting in 0.88 .

To calculate the number of boys, first determine the percentage of boys, which is 100% minus the percentage of girls, so 60%. Then calculate 60% of the total number of students: 60% of 45 is calculated as 60/100 * 45 = 27. Thus, there are 27 boys in the class .

The term 'percentage' signifies a fraction where the denominator is 100, represented by the symbol %. It translates a part-whole relationship into a number out of 100 .

Converting percentages like 88% to decimals such as 0.88 is significant in practical contexts for simplifying calculations, particularly in financial or statistical computations, where continuous data representation is required for accuracy .

Expressing a number such as 0.45 as a percentage might be necessary in scenarios like reporting statistical data or displaying discount rates in sales, where percentages clearly convey information about proportions or changes to the public .

Rewriting 13% as a fraction (13/100) or a decimal (0.13) can facilitate mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division by providing a consistent numerical format that is easy to manipulate within equations .

To simplify 15% to a fraction, write it as 15/100. Simplifying involves dividing both the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 5, resulting in 3/20 .

Expressing fractions as percentages can make it easier to understand and compare values, as percentages provide a standardized scale out of 100. For example, 13/100 as 13% clearly communicates the portion as a part of a whole (100) and allows for easier comparison with other percentages .

To convert 36/200 to a percentage, you can use two methods. Method 1: Simplify the fraction first to 18/100 which directly converts to 18%. Method 2: Multiply the fraction by 100%, resulting in (36/200) * 100% = 18% .

To express 0.45 as a percentage, multiply by 100 to convert the decimal to a percentage, resulting in 45%. This conversion is straightforward because multiplying by 100 effectively shifts the decimal point two places to the right .

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